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<b>I. Infinitives </b>
<b> To infinitive (Nguyên mẫu có To) </b>
<b>b. Form (Cấu trúc) </b>
<b>Khẳng định: to + V1 </b>
<b>Phủ định: not to + V1 </b>
<b>Bị động: to be + V3/-ed </b>
<b>c. Functions (Chức năng) </b>
<b> Subject (Chủ ngữ) </b>
<b>To learn English is very necessary. </b>
<b>To speak English fluently is very difficult. </b>
<b> Complement (bổ ngữ) </b>
<b>His hobby is to collect stamps. </b>
<b>What I like is to swim in the sea. </b>
<b> Object of an adjective (Tân ngữ của tính từ) </b>
<b>It is necessary to learn English. </b>
<b>I am happy to live here. </b>
<b> Adverb of purposes (Trạng từ chỉ mục đích) </b>
<b>He saved money to buy a bike. </b>
<b>He bought this book to read. </b>
<b> Object of a verb (Tân ngữ của động từ) </b>
a. Động từ đi sau các động từ dưới đây thường ở dạng to V1
<b>Agree </b> <b>Offer </b> <b>Decide </b> <b>Appear Forget* </b>
<b>Refuse </b> <b>Attempt Plan </b> <b>Seem </b> <b>Learn </b>
<b>Promise </b> <b>Manage Arrange Pretend Dare </b>
<b>Threaten Fail </b> <b>Hope </b> <b>Afford </b> <b>tend </b>
b. Có hai cấu trúc sau những động từ này:
Want Ask Expect Mean Would like Would prefer help
<b>V + to + V1 </b> <b>V + object + to + V1</b>
<i>I want to go there </i> <i> I want you to go there </i>
<i>He would like to come. </i> <i>He would like me to come </i>
c Những động từ dưới đây thường được sử dụng với cấu trúc:
<b>V + object + to + V1 </b>
Tell Remind Force Enable Persuade
Order Warn Invite Teach get
d. Những động từ sau được sử dụng với hai cấu trúc:
<b>V + V-ing </b> <b>V + object + to V1 </b>
<i><b> He doesn’t allow smoking in his house. He doesn’t allow anyone to smoke in his house.</b></i>
Advise recommend encourage Allow permit
<b> Bare infinitive (Nguyên mẫu không To) </b>
<b>Sau các động từ sau các động từ khác thường ở dạng V1: </b><i><b>make, let, help, notice, watch, </b></i>
<i><b>hear, see, used t, had better, would rather, …</b></i>
<b>Khẳng định: V+ ING </b>
<b>Phủ định: NOT + V-ING </b>
<b>Bị động: BEING + V3/-ed </b>
<b>b. Functions (Chức năng) </b>
<b> Subject (Chủ từ) </b>
<i><b>Smoking is bad for our health. </b></i>
<i><b>Learning English is very useful. </b></i>
<b> Object of a preposition ( Tân ngữ của giới từ) </b>
Sau giới từ động từ phải luôn luôn được sử dụng dưới dạng Gerund.
<i><b>He is very interested in learning English. </b></i>
<i><b>My father gave up smoking many years ago. </b></i>
<i><b>He is looking forward to seeing you. </b></i>
<b>Sau đây là một số tính từ + giới từ: </b>
Accustomed to :(quen với) - Afraid of - successful in ( thành công về ) - hopeful of ( hy vọng về )
- bored with ( chán ) -capable of ( có khả năng ) - (be) used to ( quen với) - proud of ( hãnh diện
về ) - responsible for ( có trách nhiệm về ) - excited about (kích động về ) - interested in -
famous for - fond of - ashamed of ( xấu hổ về ) -surprised at ( ngạc nhiên về ) - tired of ( chán ),
tired from ( mệt ) opposed to ( phản đối ) essential to ( cần thiết ) - worried about ( lo lắng về )
<b> Complement (Bổ ngữ) </b>
<i><b>His hobby is collecting stamps. </b></i>
<b> Object of a verb (Tân ngữ của động từ) </b>
Danh động từ thường đi sau một số động từ dưới đây:
Stop Enjoy Fancy Admit Consider Miss
Finish Mind Imagine Deny Involve Postpone
Delay Suggest Avoid Practice risk regret
keep prefer appreciate mention like hate
<i><b>I don’t mind helping you. </b></i>
<i><b>He denied stealing the car. </b></i>
<i><b>I hate doing my homework. </b></i>
Danh động từ còn được dùng sau một số cụm từ sau:
<i><b>It’s no use, look forward to, can’t help, can’t bear, have difficulty, there is no point in, it is </b></i>
<i><b>worth, spend / waste (time) ,it is no good … </b></i>
<b>B. PHẦN THỰC HÀNH </b>
<b>1. He wanted (see) _____________________the house where the president was born. </b>
<b>2. He is expected (arrive) _____________________in a few days. </b>
<b>3. I would like him (go) _____________________ to a university but I can’t (make) him go. </b>
<b>4. I am looking forward (see) _____________________ you. </b>
<b>5. I arranged (meet) _____________________them there. </b>
<b>6. He urged us (work) _____________________faster. </b>
<b>7. I wish (see) _____________________the manager. </b>
<b>8. It is no use (wait) _____________________him. </b>
<b>9. He warned her (not touch) _____________________the wire. </b>
<b>10. Don’t forget (clock) _____________________the door before (go) _________________to bed. </b>
<b>11. My mother told me (not speak) _____________________too anyone about it. </b>
<b>12. He tried (explain) _____________________but she refused (listen) _____________________. </b>
<b>13. At dinner she annoyed me by (smoke) _____________________between the courses. </b>
<b>14. He decided (disguise) __________________ himself by (dress) _______________as a women. </b>
<b>15. I am prepared (wait) _____________________here all night if necessary. </b>
<b>16. Would you mind (show) _______________me how (work) _____________________the lift. </b>
<b>17. After (walk) _________three hours we stopped (rest) ___________and let the others (catch) </b>
<b>18. I am beginning (understand) _____________________what you mean. </b>
<b>19. The boy likes (play) _____________________games but hates (do) ________________exercises. </b>
<b>20. I regret (inform) _____________________you that your application has been refused. </b>
<b>21. I don’t allow (smoke) _____________________in my drawing-room. </b>
<b>22. I don’t allow my family (smoke) _____________________at all. </b>
<b>23. He surprised us all by (go) ____________away without (say) ________________‘Good-bye’. </b>
<b>24. Please go on (write) _____________________; I don’t mind _____________________ (wait). </b>
<b>25. He wore glasses (avoid) (be) _____________________recognized. </b>
<b>26. Before (give) _______________evidence you must swear (speak) ___________________the truth. </b>
<b>27. I tried (persuade) ______________him (agree) _____________________with your proposal. </b>
<b>28. Your windows need (clean) ______________.Would you like me (do) ___________them for you. </b>
<b>29. Would you mind (shut) _______________the window? I hate (sit) _______________in a draught. </b>
<b>30. I can’t help (sneeze) ____________; I caught a cold yesterday form (sit) _________in a draught. </b>
<b>31. Stop (talk) _____________________; I am trying (finish) _____________________a letter. </b>
<b>32. His doctor advised him (give) _____________________up (jog) _____________________. </b>
<b>33. My watch keeps (stop) _____________________. </b>
<b>34. People used (make) ___________________fire by (rub) ____________two sticks together. </b>
<b>35. He hates (answer) the phone, and very often just lets it (ring). </b>
<b>36. If you go on (let) _____________________your dog (chase) _____________________cars he will </b>
end by (be) _____________________run over.
<b>37. I prefer (drive) _____________________to (be) _____________________driven. </b>
<b>38. I advise you (start) _____________________ (look) _____________________for a flat at once. </b>
<b>39. Would you mind (lend) _____________me some money? I forgot (cash) __________ a cheque. </b>
<b>40. (Lie) _____________on the beach is much more pleasant than (sit) _____________in the office. </b>
<b>41. She like her children (go) _____________to the dentist every six months. </b>
<b>42. An instructor is coming (show) _____________us how (use) _____________the machine. </b>
<b>43. I have no intention of (go) _____________to that film; I couldn’t bear (see) _____________my </b>
favorite actress in such dreadful part.
<b>44. I suggest (telephone) _____________the hospitals before (ask) _____________the police (look) </b>
_____________for him.
<b>45. After (hear) _____________the conditions I decided (not enter) __________for the competition. </b>
<b>46. Some people seem (have) __________the passion for (write) _____________to the newspapers. </b>
<b>47. He expects me (answer) _____________by return but I have no intention of (reply) </b>
_____________at all.
<b>48. He postponed (make) _____________a decision until it was too late (do) _____________anything. </b>
<b>49. Try (forget) _____________it; It isn’t worth (worry) _____________about it. </b>