book piano scales pdf tài liệu luyện tập điệu thức trong âm nhạc các giọng trong âm nhạc cơ bản giúp bạn thực hành nhanh kiến thức lẫn kỹ năng về điệu thứcscalesgammer

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<b>Scale Sheets</b>

In the following keys:

1. C Major

2. G Major

3. D Major

4. A Major

5. E Major

6. B Major

7. F Major

8. B Flat Major

9. E Flat Major

10. A Flat Major

11. D Flat Major

12. Broken Chords

Contents

© 2002

by Beatrice Wilder

13. A Harmonic Minor

20. C Harmonic Minor
14. E Harmonic Minor

15. B Harmonic Minor

16. F Sharp Harmonic Minor

17. C Sharp Harmonic Minor

18. D Harmonic Minor

19. G Harmonic Minor

21. F Harmonic Minor

22. B Flat Harmonic Minor

23. E Flat Harmonic Minor

24. A Flat Harmonic Minor

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Reprinted in 2007

P.O. Box 342 Katoomba NSW 2780
19 Millyard Lane Katoomba 2780

Phone: (02) 4782 3073

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Broken Chords

1 1

1 ₁ 1 ₁ ₃

3 ₁ ₂ ₅ 3 3 ₂ ₁ ₅

5₃ ₅ 5 ₅ ₃ 5

5 5

5 5 ₃

3

5 5

5 5

5 2 1 1 2 5

3 1 ₁ 3 3 1 3

1 1 1 1

{

₂

₃

4

5

4

3

₂

₁

1

3

3

₂

2

1

1

₄

4

3

3

₂

2

1

1

3

3

₂

2

₁

1

1

1

2

2

₃

3

₁

1

2

₁

2

₃

3

4 2

2

₃

4

5

₁

3

₁

₂

5

2

3

3

₄

4

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

<b>1. C Major</b>

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

5

4 4 ₃

3 ₁ ₂ ₂ ₁

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 ₂ ₃ ₃ ₂ 1

1 1

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{

₃

₂

1

₂

3

1

1

2

₂

3

3

4

4

₁

1

₂

2

₃

3

₁

1

₂

2

₃

3

4

4

5

5

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

<b>2. G Major</b>

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about G major:

- relative minor key is E minor

- subdominant key is C major

- dominant key is D major

5

4 4

3 3 2

2

1 1

₂ 3 3 ₂

1 1

1

1 ₂ ₂

3 ₁ ₁ 3

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 ₅ 4

{

Arpeggios

1
3
2

1

5

3 3

2

2 ₁

3 ₂

1
1

2
3

5

1

22
3

3 ₁

5

2 ₃

5

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

3

₃

₂

2

₁

1

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

3

3

</div>
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{

Arpeggios

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about D major:

- relative minor key is B minor

- subdominant key is G major

- dominant key is A major

5

4 4

3 3 2

2

1 1

₂ 3 3 ₂

1 1

1

1 ₂ ₃ ₃ ₂

1

1 ₂ ₃ ₂

3

4 ₅ 4

{

Similar Motion

1
3
2

1

5

3 3

2 2 ₁
1
3

2

1
2
3

5

2₃ ₂ ₁ 3 1

2 ₃

5

5

4

4

₃

3

₂

2

1

1

3

3

2

2

1

1

₄

4

3

3

₂

2

1

1

₃

3

2

2

₁

1

1

1

₂

2

3

3

1

1

2

₁

2

₃

3

₄

4 2 2

₅

5

₂

1

3

3

1

₂

₃

3

₄

4

</div>
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{

₃

₄

5

₄

₃

2

2

1

1

3

3

2

2

1

1

₄

4

₃

3

₂

2

1

1

3

3

2

2

1

1

1

2

3

4

4

1

1

2

2

₃

3

1

1

2

2

3

1

₃

4

2

2

4

5

3

3

₁

₂

5

3

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about A major:

- relative minor key is F minor

- subdominant key is D major

- dominant key is E major

5

4 4

3 3 2

2

1 1

₂ 3 3 ₂

1 1

1

1 ₂ ₂

3 ₁ ₁ 3

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 ₅ 4

{

Arpeggios

1
3
2

1

5

3 3

2

2

1
3

2

1

1
2
3

5

2₃ ₂ ₁ 3 1 ₅
2

3

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{

5

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

3

3

₂

2

₁

1

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

3

3

2

2

₁

1

4

₁

1

2

2

3

3

1

1

₂

2

3

1

₂

3

₄

4

₃

2

₃

₅

5

₂

₁

₁

₂

3

3

4

{

Arpeggios

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about E major:

- relative minor key is C minor

- subdominant key is A major

- dominant key is B major

5

4 4

3 3 2

2

1 1

₂ 3 3 ₂

1 1

1

1 ₂ ₂

3 ₁ ₁ 3

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 ₅ 4

1

3
2

1

5

3 3

2 2

1 ₁

3 ₂

1
2
3

5 ₂₂ 1
3

3
1

2

3 ₅

</div>
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{

Arpeggios

₁

3
2

1

5

3 3

2

2

1

3 ₂

1

1
2
3

5

2₃ ₂ ₁ 3 1 ₅
2

3

{

₁

₂

3

4

5

4

3

₂

₁

3

3

2

2

1

1

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

₃

3

₂

2

₁

1

3

1

1

2

2

₃

3

4

4

1

1

2

1

2

3

2

2

3

3

4

4

₁

₄

3

₄

1

2

2

3

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about B major:

- relative minor key is G minor

- subdominant key is E major

- dominant key is F major

5

4 4 ₃

3 ₁ ₂ ₂ ₁

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 ₂ ₂ 1

3 ₄ ₄ 3

₁ ₂ ₂ ₁

3 ₄ 3

</div>
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{

Arpeggios

1
3
2

1

5

3 3

2 2 ₁
1

3 ₂

1
2
3

5 ₂₂ 1
3

3 ₁ ₅

2 ₃

Points to remember about F major:

- relative minor key is D minor

- subdominant key is B major

- dominant key is C major

4

3 3 ₂

2

1 1

4 4

₂ 3 3 ₂

1 1

1

1 ₂ ₃ ₃ ₂

1

1 ₂ ₃ ₃ ₂

4 ₅ 4

{

₃

4

₃

2

2

1

1

4

4

3

3

2

2

₁

1

3

3

2

2

1

1

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

₃

2

1

₂

₃

1

1

₁

2

2

3

3

₄

4

₁

1

₂

2

3

3

₁

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

5

5

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

</div>
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{

Arpeggios

3
1
2

3

1₂ ₁ 2 2 3 ₃
1

2

{

₁

₂

3

4

3

₂

1

3

₃

2

2

1

1

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

3

3

2

2

1

1

2

2

2

₃

3

1

1

2

2

₃

3

4

4

1

₁

₂

₁

1

₂

2

₂

₂

₃

3 3

₁

₄

3

₄

₁

2

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about B major:

- relative minor key is G minor

- subdominant key is E major

- dominant key is F major

4 ₃

3 ₁ ₂ ₂
1

3 3

2 2

1 1

2 2

2 ₁ ₁ 2

2

2 ₃ ₃

4 ₁ ₁ 4
2

2 ₃

4
2
₁
2

4

2
2

1

1 ₄

2 ₁

2

</div>
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{

Arpeggios

This Scale Sheet may be photocopied by teachers
4

2
₁
2

4

2
2

1 ₁

4 ₂

2
1

3

2

2

1

1

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

3

3

2

2

1

1

4

4

3

3

2

2

₁

₁

2

₂

2

₃

3

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

1

2

1

2

1

1

2

3 2 2

₄

₃

₃

₄

3

1

1

2

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about E major:

- relative minor key is C minor

- subdominant key is A major

- dominant key is B major

3 ₂

2 ₁

1

₃ ₄ ₄
3

2 2

1 1

2 2

2

2 ₁ ₁

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 ₁ ₁ 4

2 ₃ 2

2
4

1

2 4₄ 2

1

1
2

4 ₁

2

{

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{

Arpeggios

1 ₂
2

4 ₁

3

2

2

1

1

₃

3

2

2

1

1

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

3

3

2

2

1

1

3

3

2

2

3

4

1

2

2

₃

3

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

1

2

₁

1

₂

2

1

3

2

2

3

₄

3

1

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about A major:

- relative minor key is F minor

- subdominant key is D major

- dominant key is E major

3 ₂

2

1 1

₂ ₃ 3 ₂

1 1

3 3

2 2

2

2 ₁ ₁

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 ₁ ₁ 4

2 ₃ 2

4
2
₁
2

4

2 2

1

1
4

2 ₁

2

2
4
₁
2

4
4 2
1

{

</div>
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{

₃

₁

2

3

4

1

2

1

4

3

2

₁

3

2

2

1

1

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

1

3

3

2

2

3

3

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

1

2

1

2

1

1

2

3

₃

₂

₂

₃

₃

4

4

1

1

2

2

Similar Motion

{

Arpeggios

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about D major:

- relative minor key is B minor

- subdominant key is G major

- dominant key is A major

2 ₁

1 ₄

4 ₃ ₃

2 2

1 1

3 3

2 2

2

2 ₁ ₁

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 ₁ ₁ 4

2 ₃ 2

4
2
1
2

4

2 2

1 1 ₄
2
2

1

2
4
₁
2

4
2
4

1 1 2 ₄
1

2

</div>
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1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2

2
2
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3

3
3
3
4
4
4
4 4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5 5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5

5
5 5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4

4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

2nd Grade - C Major

3rd Grade - G Major

2nd Grade - A Minor

3rd Grade - D Minor

RH
RH
RH
RH
LH
LH
LH
LH
5
2

1
3
1
5
4
2
5 ₂
1
4
1
3 2
5
5
2
4
1
1
4
2
5
5
2 3
1
1
4
2
5
5
5
2

2
4
4
1
1
1
1
5
5
3
4
2
2
5
2 ₃
1
1

4 2 ₅
5
2
3 1
1
4 2
5

</div>
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{

₄ 5 ₄

3 3

2 2

1 ₁

3 3

2 2

1 1 ₄

4

3 3

2 2

1 1

3 3

2

2

1 1

1
2

3 4

4 1

1 ₂

2 ₃

3 ₁

1 ₂

2 ₃

3 1 ₂

4 2 3 4

5 3 ₁ ₂ 5

3

Similar Motion

Broken Chords

1 1

1 ₁ 1 ₁ ₃

3 3 3 ₂

1 2 5 1 5

5₃ ₅ 5 5

5 3

5 5

5 5 ₃

3

5 5

5 5

5 2 1 1 2 5

3 1 ₁ 3 3 1 3

1 1 1 1
5

4 4

3 3 2

2

1 1

₂ 3 3 ₂

1 1

1

1 ₂ ₂

3 ₁ ₁ 3

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 ₅ 4

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

{

Contrary Motion

</div>
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{

5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

3 3

2 2

1 1 ₄

4

3 3

2 2

1 1

3 3

2

2

1 1

4

1 1

2 2 ₃

3 1

1 ₂

2 1 3

3 ₂ 2

4 ₃ 3 4

5 ₂ ₁ 1 ₂ 5

3
3

4

Similar Motion

{

Arpeggios

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about E minor:

- relative major key is G major

- subdominant key is A minor

- dominant key is B minor

5

4 4

3 3 2

2

1 1

₂ 3 3 ₂

1 1

1

1 ₂ ₂

3 ₁ ₁ 3

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 ₅ 4

1

3
2

1

5

3 3

2 2 ₁
1

3 ₂

1

2
3

5 22 1
3

3
1

2
3

5

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(17)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=17>

{

₃ 4 5 4 ₃
2

2 1

1 3

3 ₂

2 1

1 4

4 3

3 2

2 1

1 ₃

3 ₂

2

₁
1

3

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

1 1

2 1 2 2

3 ₃ 2 ₃ ₃

4 ₁ ₄ ₄ ₁ 4

2 2

3

Similar Motion

I IV V I IV V

{

Arpeggios

1
3
2

1

5

3 3

2

2

1

3 ₂

1

1
2
3

5

2₃ ₂ ₁ 3

1 ₅

2
3

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about B minor:

- relative major key is D major

- subdominant key is E minor

- dominant key is F minor

5

4 4 ₃

3 ₁ ₂ ₂ ₁

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 ₂ ₂ 1

3 ₄ ₄ 3

₁ ₂ ₂ ₁

3 ₄ 3

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(18)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=18>

3

2 2

1 1

3 3

2 ₂

1 ₁

4 ₄

3 ₃

2 2

1 1

3 3

2 ₂

1 1

3 3

2
2

{

Arpeggios

₄

2
1

2

4

2 2

1 ₁

4 ₂

2
1

2
4
1

2 4 2 4
1

Points to remember about F minor:

- relative major key is D major

- subdominant key is B minor

- dominant key is C minor

3

2 2 ₁

1

3 3 ₂

2

₃ 1 1 ₃

2 2

2 ₁ ₂ ₂ ₁ 2

3 ₁ ₂ ₁ 3

2

3 ₄ 3

{

₁ 2 ₁

2 2

3 3

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

1 1

2 2

3 ₃

1 1

2 2

3 ₃

4 4

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

1 ₂ ₂

4 ₁

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(19)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=19>

2

3 3

1 1

2 2

3 3 ₄

4 ₁

1 2

2 1 1 2

3 ₃ 2 2 ₃ 3

4 4 ₁

1
2

Similar Motion

Key signatures

{

Arpeggios

{

₃ 1 2 3 2 1 ₃

2 2 ₁

1 ₄

4

3 ₃

2 ₂

1 1

3 ₃

2 ₂

1 1

3 3

2
2

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about C minor:

- relative major key is E major

- subdominant key is F minor

- dominant key is G minor

3

2 2

1 1

3 ₁ ₂ ₃ ₂

3 1

2 3 ₂

2 ₁ ₂ ₁ 2

2 ₃ ₃

4 ₄ ₁ ₁
2

2 ₃

4
2
1

2

4
₂ ₂
1

1
4

2

₁
2

2
₄

1
2

4
4 2
1

1 ₂

2
4

1

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(20)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=20>

{

Arpeggios

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about D minor:

- relative major key is F major

- subdominant key is G minor

- dominant key is A minor

5

4 4 ₃

3 2

2 ₁

1

₂ 3 3 ₂
1
1

1 ₂ ₂ 1

3

3 ₁ ₁

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4

4 ₅

{

₁ 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 ₁

3

3 ₂

2 ₁

1 ₄

4 ₃

3 ₂

2 1

1 3

3 2

2

1
1

1

1 2

2 3

3 1

1 ₂

2 ₃

3 1 2 4

4 2 3 5

5 ₁ 3 ₁ ₂

2 3

3 4

4

Similar Motion

1
3
2

1

5

3 3

2 2 ₁
1
3

2

1
2
3

5

2₂ ₁
3

3
1

2 ₃

5

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(21)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=21>

{

₄ 5 ₄

3 3

2 2

1 1

3 3

2 2

1 1 ₄

4

3 3

2 2

1 1

3 3

2

2

1 ₃ ₂ 1 2 ₃ 1

1

1 2

2 3

3 ₄

4 1

1 2

2 ₃

3 1

1 ₂

2 ₃

3

4 4

5 5

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about G minor:

- relative major key is B major

- subdominant key is C minor

- dominant key is D minor

5

4 4

3 3 2

2

1 1

₂ 3 3 ₂

1 1

1

1 ₂ ₂

3 ₁ ₁ 3

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 ₅ 4

{

Arpeggios

1
3
2

1

5

3 3

2

2 ₁

3 ₂

1

1

2
3

5

1
22
3

3 ₁

5

2 ₃

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(22)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=22>

1
3
2

1

5
3
3

2

2 ₁

3 ₂

1

1
2
3

5

2₂ ₁
3

3 ₁

5

2 ₃

{

Arpeggios

{

₂ 3 4 5 4 3 ₂ ₁

1 ₃

3 ₂

2 ₁

1 ₄

4 ₃

3 ₂

2 1

1 3

3 2

2

1
1

1

1 2

2 3

3 1

1 ₂

2 ₃

3 ₁ ₄

4 2 2 5

5 ₁ ₃ 3 ₁

2

2 3

3 4

4

Similar Motion

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about C minor:

- relative major key is E major

- subdominant key is F minor

- dominant key is G minor

5

4 4 ₃

3 ₁ ₂ ₂ ₁

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 ₂ ₃ ₂ 1

3 ₁ ₁

2 ₃ ₄ ₄ ₃ 2
5

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(23)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=23>

{

Arpeggios

1
3
2

1

5

3 3

2 2 ₁
1

3 ₂

1
2
3

5 ₂₂ 1
3

3 ₁ ₅

2 ₃

4

3 3 ₂

2

1 1

4 4

3 3

2 2 ₁

1

3 3

2 2 ₁

1

4 4 ₃

3

2 2

1 1

4

3 3 ₂

2

1 1

4 4

₂ 3 3 ₂

1 1

Points to remember about F minor:

- relative major key is A major

- subdominant key is B minor

- dominant key is C minor

1

1 ₂ ₃ ₃ ₂

1

1 ₂ ₃ ₃ ₂

4 ₅ 4

{

₂ 1 ₂ ₃

3 ₁

1 ₂

2 ₃

3 ₄

4 ₁

1 ₂

2 ₃

3

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(24)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=24>

1 ₂

2 ₃

3 ₄

4

1 1

2 2 ₃

3 2

1 3 3 1 2

2          ₂  ₁  4    4₁ ₂          

3 3

1

{

Arpeggios

3
1
2

3

1₂ ₁ 2 2 3 ₃
1

2

{

₂ 3 4 3 ₂

1 1

3 3 ₂

2

1 1

4

3 4

2 3

1 2 ₁

3 ₃

2 ₂

1

2 _{1 2}

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about B minor:

- relative major key is D major

- subdominant key is E minor

- dominant key is F minor

4 ₃

3 ₁ ₂ ₂
1

3 3

2 2

1 1

2 2

2
1
₃
2

3 ₂

1 ₃

2
2

1 1
3

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 4

₁ ₂ ₂ ₁
3

3 1 ₂ 1

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(25)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=25>

1
3
2

1

5

3 3

2 2

1 ₁

3 ₂

1
2
4

5 22 1
4

4
1

2 ₄

5

{

Arpeggios

3 ₂

2 ₁

1

4 4

3 3

2 2 ₁

1

3 3

2 2

1 1

4 4

3 3

2 2 ₁

1

2 2

1 ₂

2 ₃

3 ₁

1 ₂

2 ₃

3 ₄

4 ₃ 2 ₁

1 3 ₁ ₂

2 ₃ 2 1 2 ₃

4 4

1

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about E minor:

- relative major key is G major

- subdominant key is A minor

- dominant key is B minor

3 ₂

2 ₁

1

₃ ₄ ₄
3

2 2

1 1

2 2

2

2 ₃ ₃

1 ₂ ₂ 1

₃ ₃
4

4 ₁ ₂ ₁

{

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(26)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=26>

3
4
1

2 2

3 3

1 1 ₂

2 ₃

3

4 ₂ 4

1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2

3 3 ₄ ₁ 3

{

Arpeggios

2
4
1

2

4
2
4

1 1 2 ₄ 2
1

3 ₂

2 ₁

1 ₃

3 2

2 ₁

1 4

4

3 3

2 2

1 1 ₃

2

3 ₁

2

3 1 3

2 2

Key signatures

Tonic, Subdominant & Dominant Triads

I IV V I IV V

Similar Motion

{

Contrary Motion

Points to remember about A minor:

- relative major key is C major

- subdominant key is D minor

- dominant key is E minor

3 ₂

2

1 1

₂ ₃ 3 ₂

1 1 3

3

2 2

2

2 ₁ ₁

2 ₃ ₃ 2

4 ₁ ₁ 4

2 ₃ 2

4
2
₁
2

4

2 2

1

1
4

2 ₁

2

{

</div>

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