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LOP 11 – TUAN 5

Unit 10 (cont)

RELATIVE CLAUSE (MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ)
I. INTRODUCTION

1. Mệnh đề quan hệ (cịn gọi là mệnh đề tính ngữ) là mệnh đề phụ dùng để bổ nghĩa
cho danh từ.

2. Mệnh đề quan hệ đứng sau danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa. Nó miêu tả, làm rõ, hoặc
thêm thông tin về danh từ.

3. Mệnh đề quan hệ thường bắt đầu bằng các đại từ quan hệ (relative clauses) who,

whom, which, whose, that và các trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverbs) when,

where, why

4. Mệnh đề quan hệ gồm mệnh đề quan hệ hạn định (defining relative clause) và
mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định (non-defining relative clause)

II. DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE (MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ HẠN ĐỊNH)
Chức

năng Người Vật

Chủ
từ

N + who/that + V

The man ____________ 
teaches you is Mr. Lam.

N + which/that + V

There are some words ____________ are 
very difficult to translate.

Túc từ
của
động

từ

N + whom/that/ + S + V

The man ___________ you 
met is a teacher.

N + which/that/ + S + V

The book ____________ she is reading is 
about an adventure.

Túc từ
của
giới từ

N + whom/that/ + S + V + 
giới từ

She is the woman

____________ I told you 
about.

N + which/that/ + S + V + giới từ

The music ____________ we listened to 
was good.

N + giới từ + whom + S + V

She is the woman about 
__________ I told you.

N + giới từ + which + S + V

The music to ______________ we listened
was good.

Sở
hữu

N + whose + N + V

I know the man

____________ bicycle was 
stolen.

N + whose + N + V

They built a house ______________ walls 
were made of glass.

Nơi

chốn N (nơi chốn) + where + S + VN (nơi chốn) + prep(nơi chốn) + which +

S + V

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The hotel __________ they were staying 
were expensive.

Thời
gian

N (thời gian) + when + S + V

N (thời gian) + prep(thời gian) + which +
S + V

The day ____________ they arrived was 
on 16th September.

The day ____________ they arrived was 
on 16th September

Lý do The reason + why + S + VThe reason ______________ he refused

the job was unknown.

Lưu ý:that nên đươc sử dụng trong những trường hợp sau đây:

1. N(người & vật) + that

I met the people, cattle and vehicles ___________ went to market.
2. N(so sánh nhất) + that

This is the most beautiful dress _____________ I have ever had.
3. N(có first, last, only) + that

Hoa was the only student _____________ didn’t pass the exam.

4. N(đại từ bất định như all/any/none/nothing/everything/nobody…) + that
I love everything that makes for me.

5. Cleft sentence (câu chẻ): It + be + … + that + … (Chính là...)
It is my friend ________________ you say at the park.

Lưu ý: It + be + N(người) + that/who + V

It is my friend __________/_____________ wrote this sentence.

III. NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE (MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ KHÔNG HẠN
ĐỊNH)

Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định là mệnh đề đươc ngăn cách với danh từ hoặc mệnh
đề nó bổ nghĩa bởi dấu phẩy (,). Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định có đầy đủ các đại từ

quan hệ như mệnh đề hạn định ngoại trừ that không được dùng.

Peter, whom you met yesterday, works in marketing.
Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định nên được sử dụng:
1. Sau N (danh từ riêng)

Peter, ______________ you met yesterday, works in marketing.
2. Sau N (có chứa adj sở hữu: my, our, his…)

My father, ______________ is a teacher, worked for NCT High School.
3. Sau N (có chứa this/that/these/those)

That man, __________ lives in the next flat, looks very lonely.
4. N, a few/a little/a

number/all/both/each/either/half/many/most/much/neither/none/
one/several/some/two + of + whom/which/whose + …

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5. Trong trường hợp which bổ nghĩa cho cả mệnh đề trước nó.

Tom was late. That surprised me → Tom was late, ____________ surprised me

IV. DẠNG RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

1. N + who/which/that + V(chủ động) The man who teaches you is Mr. 
Lam.

N + Ving The man __________ you is Mr. Lam
2. N + who/which/that + V(bị động) The ideas which are presented in

that book are good.

N + V3/ed The ideas ________________ in that

book are good.

N + whom/which/that + S + V The music which we listened to was 
good.

N + V3/ed The music ______________ to was

good.

3. N(SS nhất, first/last/only) + that + V(chủ động) Hoa was the only student 
that passed the exam.

N(SS nhất, first/last/only) + to V Hoa was ______________________ 
the exam.

4. N(SS nhất, first/last/only) + that + V(bị động)/S + V This is the first car that 
was made this year.

N(SS nhất, first/last/only) + to be V3/ed This is _____________________

this year.

5. N, + who/which/that + be + N, Hanoi, which is the capital, is my 
homeland.

N, + N, Hanoi, _______________, is my

homeland.

6. N + who/which/that + can/could/must/have to + V There are the exercises 
that have to be finished early.

N + to V There are the exercises 
___________________ early.

7. N + who/which/that + S + can/could/must/have to + V I wish we had a 
garden that he could play in.

N + (for O) + to V I wish we had a garden 
______________ in.

Task 1. Choose the best answer

1. My sister, ___________ you are talking about, has been to Paris several time.

A. who B. whom C. that D. whose

2. John was the only student ___________ didn’t pass the examination.

A. whom B. which C. when D. that

3. I don’t like the film ___________ we saw last week.

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4. My sister, ___________ you met yesterday, wants to speak to you.

A. which B. when C. whom D. where

5. Her father, ___________ has been to Paris, has just returned.

A. why B. which C. who D. whose

6. The hat ___________ Tom is wearing is very expensive.

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

7. I met the people, cattle and vehicles ___________ went to market.

A. who B. which C. that D. whom

8. She is the woman ___________ sits next to me in class.

A. why B. who C. which D. whom

9. I enjoyed talking with the man ___________ I sat next to on the plane.

whose B. whom C. which D. what

10. The people ___________ I invited to the meeting used to live in Mexico.

A. whose B. which C. where D. whom

11. Mr. Green is the man ___________ I was talking about.

A. whose B. which C. when D. who

12. A deaf person is the one ___________ is not able to hear.

A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

13. The woman ___________ I called last night gave me some information.

A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

14. The movie ___________ we saw last night was terrific.

A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

15. This film was made by Steven Spielberg, ___________ has won several Oscar
Prizes.

A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

16. The boy ___________ sang the song “Happy New Year” last night is a good
student.

A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

17. She bought me this new pair of shoes, ___________ didn’t fit me well.

A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

18. Mrs. May, ___________ husband teaches mathematics in this school, is also a
teacher of English.

A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

19. I will see you near the post office ___________ the other day.

A. which met B. which we met C. where met D. where we
met

20. What is the name of the man ___________ you the money.

A. he lent B. lent C. that lending D. who lent
21. The bed ___________ had no mattress.

A. I slept on B. which I slept C. I slept on it D. on that I
slept

22. The car crashed into a queue of people, ___________ were killed.

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23. The woman prayed aloud all night ___________.

A. that kept us awake B. , which kept us awake
C. they kept us awake D. which they kept us awake
24. Do you remember the woman ___________ used to work in the bookshop?

A. who B. that C. whom D. A&B are

correct

25. My brother Jim, ___________ lives in Houston, is a doctor.

A. that B. whom C. who D. which

26. Ann quit her job at the advertising company, ___________ surprised everyone.

A. that B. which C. who D. that is

27. The boy ___________ eyes are brown is my friend.

A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

28. This is the third in a sequence of three books, the first of ___________ I really
enjoyed.

A. that B. who C. whom D. which

29. Do you know the reason ___________ she quit job?

A. when B. which C. that D. why

30. I took the damaged watch to my watch maker ___________ knows how to repair
all sorts of things.

A. which B. where C. whose D. who

31. That's the man ___________ house we have rented.

A. who B. that C. whose D. whom

32. My friend, ___________ I visited last week, is talking a holiday soon.

A. whose B. that C. which D. whom

33. The city museum is exhibiting some pictures ___________ belonged to the last
Emperor.

A. whose B. who C. which D. when

34. It’s the best film ___________ I’ve seen in years.

A. which B. that C. in which D. A&B are

correct

35. Yesterday I met your brother, _____ had taken us to the Headquarters of the UN
in New York before.

A. who B. whose C. whom D. that

36. Dorothy said something ___________ I couldn’t hear clearly.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

37. Do you remember the day ___________ we moved the piano upstairs?

A. when B. on which C. at which D. A& Bare
correct

38. The city ___________ we spent our vacation was beautiful.

A. what B why C where D. which

39. Children ___________ diets contain high levels of protein do better in
examination.

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40. She cycled from London to Glasgow, ___________ is good for a woman of 75.

A. that B. what C. which D. where

41. English, ___________ is my favorite language, is spoken all over the world.

A. where B. which C. that D. in which

42. He sent us five compositions, ___________ are well-organized.

A. two of them B. two of which C. two of whom D. two of that
43. Norman won $ 20,000, half of ___________ he gave his parents.

A. which B. who C. whom D. what

44. The man ___________ lives next door is an English teacher.

A. whose B. which C. whom D. who

45. Fleming’s discovery of penicillin, ___________, had a major influence on the
lives of people in the 20th century.

A. awarded the Nobel Prize B. which awarded the Nobel Prize
C. that he was awarded the Nobel Prize for D. for which he was awarded the
Nobel Prize

46. Can you name some countries in ___________ English is spoken as the first
language?

A whose B. where C. that D. which

47. The English book ___________ was a little expensive.

A. that I bought it B. I bought that C. that I bought D. what I
bought

48. My friend, ___________, is very hopeful about her future.

A. whose father is a millionaire B. of a millionaire’s daughter
C. is a millionaire whose father D. father whose is a millionaire
49. I want to tell you about the party ___________.

A. where I went yesterday B. that I went yesterday
C. which I went yesterday D. to which I went yesterday
50. Mai didn’t come to class yesterday. This surprised all of us.

A. Mai who didn’t come to class yesterday surprised all of us.

B. Which surprised all of us that Mai didn’t come to class yesterday.
C. Mai didn’t come to class yesterday, which surprised all of us.
D. Mai didn’t come to class yesterday that surprised all of us.

Task 2. Combine the sentences, using Relative Clause. Decide whether Relative

Clause needs commas

1. The bed was too soft. I slept in the bed.

...
2. Monterrey is in Mexico. Monterrey is Mary’s hometown.

...
3. The company has many workers. I work for the company.

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4. The program will be on at 8:30. It’s about wildlife.

...
5. “Hamlet” is a play. It was written by Shakespeare.

...
6. “The Old Man and The Sea” is worth reading. It was written by Hemingway.

...
7. The cow has disappointed us this year. It gave so much milk last year.

...
8. The stories are usually funny. Tom tells them the stories.

...
9. The window has now been repaired. It was broken.