phrasal verbs and the adverb back

5. Mike wasn't at work today. He________________sick.
6. When Bill flies to Los Angeles, he always ________ ________ in Bangkok.
7. The car dealer said he'll give me a good deal if I _______ _______ my old car.
8. We ________ the notices ________ all over town.
9. The memo from the personnel office ________ ________ a lot of confusion about the new
vacation policy.
10. This weather is terrible. I wonder if this storm is ever going to ______ ______.
11. Turn the heater on, and the room will ________ right ________.
12.^'Nancy was driving too fast, so I told her to ________ ________.
13. The teacher won't ________ ________ the tests until the students are quiet.
14. After you finish writing your report,________ it________ and give it to me.
15. Paul's from Colombia, but he hasn't ________ ________ there for seven years.
26. FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs and the adverb back
The adverb back is sometimes used with phrasal verbs to mean again. The following sentences
have the same meaning:
We got together again. We got
back
together.
Back is always placed directly before the particle. When back is used with separable phrasal
verbs, the object must separate the verb and particle, and back must be placed between the
object and the particle:
/ put the engine back
together. I put back
together
the engine.
Do not confuse the adverb back, which modifies phrasal verbs, with the particle back that is
part of some phrasal verbs (and has the same meaning of again).
Infinitive

present tense -ing form past tense past participle

get together

get together & gets together getting together got together gotten/got together

get together (with) p.v. When two people get together, they meet and spend time together.
When you get together with someone, you meet and spend time with
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that person. When a man and woman resume a relationship after separating, they get back
together.
If you're not busy tomorrow night, would you like to get together?
We're going to get together with Bill and Nancy tomorrow.
Judy and Sam had separated, but now they've gotten back together.
get-together n. An informal gathering is a get-together.
I'm having a little get-together tonight. Would you like to come?
2. get... together p.v. When you get things together, you collect them so they are in the
same place.
You should get all your tools together so you will have them when you need them.
Linda got all her tax records together to show to her accountant.
3. get... together p.v. [informal] When you get yourself together, or get it together, you
gain control of your emotions after you have become upset or emotional.
Bob was very upset before the party, but he got it together before the guests came.
Hey, get yourself together! Everyone is watching you.
Infinitive


present tense

-ing form

past tense

past participle

go over


go over & goes over

going over

went over

gone over

1. go over (to) p.v. When people move from where you are to a place, thing, or person
that is farther away from you, they go over or go over to that place, thing, or person.
I'm busy. Go over there and stop bothering me.
I was hot, so Maria went over to the window and opened it.
2. go over (to) p.v. When you go to someone's house for a visit, you go over or go over
to that person's house.
Have you gone over to Nicole's house to see her new baby yet?
I went over to Erik's for dinner last night.
3. go over p.v. When you carefully read or review important written material, you go over
it.
Here's a magazine article I just finished writing. Go over it and tell me what you think.
The actor went over his lines before the audition.
going-over n. When you examine or inspect something carefully, you give it a going-
over.
I gave his report a good going-over and found a lot of mistakes.
4. go over p.v. When you carefully explain something, usually something that is

complicated but important, you go over it.
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Before the trial Hank and his lawyer went over what Hank was going to say.
No one understood the manager's plan after he explained it, so he went back over it.
5. go over p.v. When an idea, suggestion, or performance is accepted and liked by other
people, it goes over.
Senator Dolittle's plan to raise taxes didn't go over with the voters.
The sinaer's performance went over well with the critics.
Infinitive


present tense -ing form past tense past participle

go up


go up & goes up going up went up gone up

1. go up (to) p.v. When you move to a higher level or position, or from south to north, you go
up or go up to that place. Go down is the opposite of go up.
Suzie came down from her tree house to eat lunch, but she went back up after she finished.
I spend the winters in Mexico, and go up to my home in Ohio in the summer.
2. go up (to) p.v. When the cost, rate, quality, quantity, or level of something increases, it
goes up. Go down is the opposite of go up.
The price of gas hasn't gone up in two years.
In the summer the temperature in Saudi Arabia can go up to 125 degrees.
3. go up (to) p.v. When a schedule or plan ends at a certain time or date, the schedule or
plan goes up to that time or date.
Do you have the new schedule? This one goes up only to the end of April.
The teacher gave the students a syllabus that went up to the midterm.

4. go up (to) p.v. When something extends to a certain point that is farther north or at a
higher elevation, it goes up to that point. Go down is the opposite of go up.
This trail went up to the base camp at the foot of the mountain.
Interstate 5 goes up to Seattle.
5. go up (to) p.v. When you approach a person, you go up to that person.
There's Sarah, Go up and introduce yourself.
Janice isn't shy — she went right up to the president of the company and asked for a raise.
let in on
let in on & lets in on letting In on let in on let in on
1. let... in on p.v. When you tell people information that is secret or not widely known, you let
that person in on the information.
General Chambers let me in on the top secret information.
I'm going to let you In on something not many people know about me.
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Infinitive____________________________________________

present tense -ing form past tense past participle
open up
open up & opens up opening up opened up opened up
1. open ...up p.v. When you open something up, you reveal what is inside so that people
can see it.
Sofia opened the box up and looked inside.
Mike's going to open up his computer to try to find the problem.
2. open ... up p.v. When you open a room or building up, you unlock or open the doors so
that people can enter.
The office closes at 12:00 for lunch and opens back up at 1:00.
The manager was late and didn't open up the store until 10:30.
3. open ... up p.v. When a new business starts, it opens up or is opened up by someone.
/ was driving through town, and I noticed that a new book store has opened up on Maple Street.
Jimmy wants to open up a restaurant near the new office building.

put together
put together & puts together putting together put together put together
1. put... together p.v. When you assemble the parts of something, you put it
together. Put together is the opposite of take apart.
Sally got a bicycle for her birthday, and her father put it together after dinner.
It was easy taking my car's engine apart, but putting it back together was a lot harder.
2. put... together p.v. When you organize some ideas, plans, or suggestions in order
to show them to someone or discuss them with someone, you put them together.
Mr. and Mrs. Flores want to redecorate their house, so they asked an interior designer to put some ideas together.
I have an interesting idea for a new business, and I'm putting together
a proposal.
3. put... together p.v. When you position people or things so that they are close to each
other or touching, you put them together.
The teacher told Timmy and Mike to put their desks together so they could work on their project.
When you plan your dinner party seating arrangement, put Heather and Jimmy together.
shut off
shut off & shuts off shutting off shut off shut off
1. shut... off p.v. When you shut off an electrical or mechanical device, you cut the power going to
it so that it stops operating. Turn off and switch off are similar to shut off.

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Timmy's mother told him to shut off the TV and go to bed.
I'm freezing. Would you mind shutting the air conditioner off?
shut off part.adj. After you shut off an electrical or mechanical device, it is shut off.
Turned off and switched off are similar to shut off.
Well, no wonder it's so cold in here — the heat's shut off.
shutoff n. When you shut off something, or when something shuts off, this action is a
shutoff. When you shut off something, you use the shutoff switch, button, valve, and so
on.
The electricity shutoff lasted twenty minutes.

In case of emergency, turn this shutoff valve here.
start up
start up & starts up starting up started up started up
—————————————————————————————————————————————
1. start ...up p.v. When an electrical or mechanical device starts up or someone starts it
up, it begins to operate.
My car's engine died at a red light, and it wouldn't start up again.
You push this button here to start the computer up.
start-up n. When you start up something, or something starts up, this action is a
start-up. When you start up something, you use the start-up switch, button, and soon.
To start the computer up, push this start-up button.
If your computer's hard disk crashes, you can use a floppy as the start-up disk.
2. start... up p.v. When you start up a new business or company, you take the steps
necessary to begin a new business or company.
You should have a detailed business plan before starting a business up.
Jane borrowed the money she needed to start up her business from her uncle.
start-up n. A start-up or start-up business or company is a new business or
company.
Most start-up businesses aren't successful.
EXERCISE 26a — Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs from this section. Be
sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.
1. Your important papers are all over the house. You should ________ them _____ and keep
them in a safe place.
2. It was so cold this morning that it took half an hour to ________ my car ______.
3. This is awfully complicated. Could you ________________ it one more time?
4. The police ordered the people in the house to ________ the door________.
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5. The sergeant ________ ________ the hill to look for the enemy soldiers.
6. The account executive was asked to ________ some ideas ________ for a new advertising campaign.
7. I'm trying to sleep. Would you please ________ ________ the lights?

8. Linda saw her favorite movie star, but she was too shy to ________ ________ to him and ask for his
autograph.
9. I'll ________ you ________ ________ a little secret.
10. I'm going to___________to Todd's house to help him with his math homework.
11. This calendar is useless—it________________only to August.
12. Thank you for your application. I will________________it carefully and call
you in a few days.
13. This jigsaw puzzle has 1,000 pieces. It'll take forever to ________ it ________.
14. If that big discount store ________ ________ outside of town, all these little shops will go out of
business.
15. The level of water in the river always falls during the summer but ________ back ________ the next
spring.
16. Sam's idea of giving all the workers a 10 percent pay raise didn't ________ ________well with
management.
17. I know you're upset, but you have to ________ yourself________.
18. On Saturday nights Mike usually ____ _____ with some friends and plays poker.
19. As soon as we arrived at the party, David ________ ________ to the buffet table and grabbed a plate.
20. Without the combination, there's no way to ________ this safe ________.
21. _______ all your Spanish books ________ on the same shelf.
22. This road ________ ________ to the next town, but that's where it ends.
23. I'll need around $25,000 to ________ ________ my new business.
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