Luyện tập làm văn quyển 2 toàn tập

QUYEN

%-

TOAN TAP

H. NO.

N H A XUAT BAN D A I H O C

QUOC GIA

HA

NO


TS N G U Y I N TRf

LUYEN TAP LAM VAN
QUYEN 2
Toan tap - Tai ban lan thLir4
(Da dieu chinh theo quy dinh giam tai
cua Bo Giao due va Dao tao)

NHA XUAT BAN OAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI - 2001


Phdn 1

DifeN TU

I. KY

NAJVG:

- Ren ky nang hi^u y nghia cua cku.
- R^n ky nSng so sanh, phSn tich, lUa chpn di tim dUdc
tii ngCt cd y nghia thich hpp difen v^o ch6 tr6ng trong cku.
II. PHUONG PHAP LAM BAI.
1. Dpc d^ bai mOt v^i l^n di hiiu nOi dung cua di bai.
2. D6i v6i c^c bai cho trU6c cdc tif ngii c^n difen, dpc vai
l^n cac tir ngQ nay, suy nghi d^ hi§'u nghia ti/ng tif ngii.
3. Dpc toan b6 bai van C£ln di^n tif, d6i chi6u v6i dS bai
de hiiu n6i dung ck bai.
4. Dpc tifng cku cd ch6 tr6ng, can nhdc lUa chpn trong
cdc tif ngii da cho hoac trong v6n tif ngCt cua bdn than tim
tif ngCf hpp nghia v6i ca cku di difen.
- Thay th^ Idn lupt cdc tif ngiJf em cam thSy cd th^ di^n
vao ch6 trdng.
- Sau mdi Idn thay th^, dpc lai cdu vdn xem da hpp nghia
chua. Lam vdi tifng tif nguC cho d^n khi gdp difpc tif hpp
nghia.
- Dpc lai cd doan cd cdu vdn vifa di^n tif xem y nghia cua
cdu dd cd hpp vdi ndi dung ciia doan chua. N^u chifa hpp cd
nghia Id tif ngif vifa di^n chua sdt nghia, cdn tim tif ng(]( khdc.
TLV2


5. Dien xong toan bd cac chd trdng, dpc lai cd bdi vdn vd
ngdm nghi xem.
- Y ckc cdu da khdp vdi nhau chifa.

- Ndi dung ciia bai dd hpp vdi d^ bai chua.
N^u khdng cd gi chua hdp, em da hoan thanh bdi dien tif.

TUAN 1.

DIEN xir
L De bai: NiSm vui ngay khai trudng.
Em hdy chpn nhiing tif sau day di diSn vao chd trdng:
vui SUdng, khai trudng, ndm hqc, siing hqc.
Bdi vdn (cd chd trdng cdn diien tif ngif)
Sdp d^n ngdy
, nhdn dUdc qua cua bd, Lan cdng thdm
ndo nO'c. Hdm nay dd bdt ddu... mdi, Lan
khi cdp chie'c
cap mdi di hpc. Lan hxia vdi bd me s6
si6ng ldm nhu ldi
Bdc Hd khuyen.
II. Hifdng ddn tim hieu nghia tif dd cho di
bi lam bdi.

chud'n

- Vui SUdng: cdm thay khoan khdi, dl chju, thfch thu trong
long. ,. ,
, ,. _ .
. . ,,;
- Khai trudng: md dau cho mot ndm hpc mdi d cdc trudng
hoc.
, , .
/

I

- Ndm hqc: Thdi gian hpc trong mdt ndm dp dung trong
cdc trUdng hpc. 0 phd thdng, ndm hpc bdt ddu tif thdng 9
nam trUdc, ket thiic vao cudi thang 5 ndm sau. ., ;
• - Siing hqc: Chdm chi, cdn cii hpc tdp (khdng nghl hpc
bifa bdi, lam h^t bai tdp, hoc thudc bai....)
•;. -


III. Htfdng bdi tim tii nguT di^n vao titng ch6 tr6ng
- Cdu 1: Ldn lupt thay th^ 4 tif vdo chd trdng. Tif ndo cd
thi kit hpp vdi tif: vui sifd n g hodc khai trifdng deu hpp
nghia khdng the k^t hpp vdi hai tif cdn lai. Ddt vdo cdu van,
chi chu ngif "ngay khai trifdng" Id hpp nghia. Dpc lai cd
cdu.
- Cdu 2: + Ldn lupt thay th^ 3 tif cdn lai (trif tif khai
trifdng) vdo chd trdng thii nhdt. Tif mdi chi k^t hpp dUpc
vdi tif ndm HQC d trudc nd, khdng k^t hpp dupc vdi 2 tif
cdn lai.
•

+ Ldn lupt thay th^ hai tif cdn lai vdo chd trdng thif 2.
Tif Lan cd thi kit hpp vdi cd 2 tif nhUng khi ddt vdo cdu
vdn, chii ngif " Lan vui sudng" Id hpp nghia.
Dpc lai cd hai cdu vdi hai tif vifa diin.
- Cdu 3: Chi cdn tif sieng h p c . Di^n tif ndy vdo chd trdng
thdy hdp nghia.
Dpc lai cd cdu vdi tif vifa di^n.

IV. Md r o n g tvf nguf vd tdp sijf dung.
(Phdn ddnh cho hpc sinh khd gidi).
J *

., 1. Tii gdn nghia, ddng

nghia:

- Vui SUdng: Sung sudng, phdn khdi, vui
- Khai trudng: khai gidng, tuu
- Ndm hqc: niin hqc, niin

thich.

trudng

khda

• Siing hqc: chdm hqc
2. Tdp sii dung tii gdn nghia, ddng

nghia

Thay th^ cac tif dd diing bdng cdc tif gdn nghia, ddng


nghia. Dpc lai bdi, tim xem tif ndo di^n vdo tifng chd trdng
hay hon cd.
TUAN 2
I: De bai: NGOI

TRUONG MOI.

Em hay chpn nhifng tif sau day de di^n vdo chd trdng:
ldp hpc, b a n ghe, ngdi trifdng, bao ve ciia c o n g .
Bdi vdn (cd chd trdng cdn dien tif ngif)
Xd em vifa xdy xong mdt .... TrUdng ciia em cd mUdi
Chung em giif gin
trong ldp.
Giu gin ban ghi, khdng v5 bd'n l§n tudng Id
II. Hifdng ddn tim hi^'u n g h i a tif nguf dd c h o
c h u d n bi ldm bdi.

di

- Cdc tif: ldp hpc, bdn gh6, ngdi trifdng diing d^' chi
cdc vdt quen thudc, khdng cdn gidi nghia.
- Bdo vi cua cdng: + Bdo vi Id giif gin cho khdi hdng hodc
mdt mat hodc it hao mon.
+ Cua cdng: cua cdi, tdi sdn thudc nhiSu ngUdi hodc thudc
v^ nhd nUdc.
+ Bdo vi cua cdng la giif gin tai sdn, vdt dung thudc vd
nhiSu ngUdi hodc thudc vg nhd nUdc.
III. H u d n g d a n tim tif ngif di"6n vao tifng c h 6 t r d n g .
- Cdu 1: Ldn lupt dien 4 tif ngif vdo chd trdng.
Tif mdt cd thi kit hdp vdi tif ldp hpc hodc ngdi trifdng,
khdng thi k^t hdp vdi hai tif ngCf cdn lai. Ddt vdo chd trdng
trong cdu ngif mOt ldp hoc hodc mdt ngdi trifdng dfeu hdp

nghia. Ddi chieu vdi de bdi ngdi trUdng mdi, ddi chi^u nghia
vdi cd bdi vdn thi d cdu nay, chi ngii mot ngdi trUdng Id
hdp nghia.
,\,.. . - . .-., ,
•^ ^
O) :iB(i f>(l .1
- Cdu 2: Ldn lupt dien 3 tif ngif cdn lai vdo chd trdng.
Tif mudi cd thi kit hpp tif Idp hoc hodc ban g h ^ . S'orig ddt
vdo cdu vd ddi chi^u vdi nghia cd bdi vdn, chi ngif mUdi ldp
hoc la hpp nghia.
ri:j hOi ^^-J ji>a
- Cdu 3: Ldn lupt di^n hai tif nguf cdn lai (ban ghe vd bdo
v$ ciia cdng) vdo chd trdng. Tif giU gin chi cd th^ ket hpp
vdi tif ban ghe, khdng the k^t hpp vdi tif bap.v^ ciia cdng.
Ddt ngif giuf gin ban ghe vao cdu, ddi chieu vdi nghia cd
bdi vdn, thdy ngii dd hpp nghia.
^^^ ^.^,3
- Cdu 4: Didn tif cudi cimg vdo chd trdng thii tU. Dpc lai
cd doan thdy hdp nghia.
,= 1 ^ ^ i . ^1.
cA id miiithy
III. Md rdng tif nguf va tdp sii dung (phan danh c h o
hpc sinh kha, gidi).
^,x. oO .
L Tic gdn nghia, ddng nghia

-,

- Ldp hqc: budng hqc, phdng hqc

ni\T; .

- Ngdi trudng: nhd trudng, trudng hqc

- .

- Bdo vi cua cdng: giU gin cua chung.
2. Tdp su dung tii gdn nghia, ddng

- . ^^^ '
^jrj

nghia.

Thay th^ cdc tif da di^n bang cdc tif ngCf ddng nghia,' gdri
nghia. Dpc lai cd.bai vd ddi chi^u hai each dien tif xem tif
nao dien vdo tifng chd trdng hay hdn cd.
irt.:j

^


TUAN 3.
I. Dfe bai: CO GIAO, THAY GIAO CUA CHUNG EM.
Em hdy chpn nhifng tif ngif sau ddy di diSn vdo chd trdng:
d a y bao, co giao, kinh t r p n g , t h d y giao, y e u qui
Bdi vdn (Cd chd trdng de di^n tif ngif).
Me cua em d trUdng Id
cd gdng chdm chi hpc tdp.

m^n thuong. ghe ldi cd

em

Trong trudng em, ngodi cac cd giao cdn cd cdc
thdy hi6u tnfdng.
Em rdt

vd

vd

cdc thdy gido, cd giao trong trudng.

II. H u d n g ddn tim h i e u n g h i a tif ngif dd cho
chulin bi ldm bdi.

di

- Day bdo: bdo cho bi^t diiu hay, le phdi di n^n ngUdi tdt.
- Cd gido: ngudi ldm nghi day hoc Id phu nif.
- Kinh trqng: tdn trpng coi nhu be trdn cua minh vi ngUdi
dd cd nhiiu diic tinh qiiy.
- Thdy gido: ngudi ldm nghd day hpc Id ddn dng.
- Yiu quy: yfiu m^n, thdn thi^t tU ddy long.
III. H u d n g ddn tim tif nguf difen vdo chd t r d n g .
- Cdu 1: ldn lupt di$n 5 tif ngif vdo chd trdng. Vl cdu ndy
ndi d^n me ndn tif ngif thich hop phdi Id tif cd gido.
- Cdu 2: Ldn lupt didn 4 tif ngii cdn lai vdo chd trdng.
Chi tif day bdo mdi thich hop vdi nghia cd cdu.

- Cdu 3: Ldn lupt dii&n 3 tif ngif cdn lai vdo chd trdng. Tif
6


cdc chl kdt hpp dupc vdi tif t h ^ y gido, khdng k^t hpp dUpc
vdi hai tif cdn lai.
- Cdu 4: Cdu ndy cd hai chd trdng. Dien hai tif vdo hai
chd trdng dd. Dpc lai cd cdu thdy hai tif didn vdo hai chd
trdng deu hpp nghia (dii tif ndo diing trUdc ciing dupc).
IV. Md r d n g tif nguf v a t d p sii d u n g (phiLn d a n h c h o
h p c sinh k h a gidi)
1. Tii gdn nghia, ddng

nghia.

- Day bdo: day dd, chi bdo, bdo ban ...
- Cd gido: nH gido

viin

- Kinh trqng: kinh yiu, tdn
- Thdy gido: nam gido
- Yiu quy: yiu min, quy

kinh.

viin
min.

2. Tdp su dung tii gdn nghia, ddng

nghia.

Thay the cdc tif dd di^n bdng cac tif ddng nghia, gdn nghia.
Dpc lai cd bai va tim xem each diing ndo hay hdn.

TUAN 4
I. De bai: D 6 DUNG CUA LAN

o

Em hay chpn nhiing tif sau ddy de dien vdo chd trdng:
S a c h vd, cdp, s a c h se, b u t mUc, gon g a n g .
Bdi vdn (Cd chd trdng cdn didn tif)
Lan cdp chiic
mdi di hpc. Trong cdp, Lan di
vd mdt hdp biit chi. Hdp biit cua Lan cd dii biir chi,
thudc kd vd mdt cdi tay. Lan ludn ludn giif gin sAch vd

,

7


Dd (fhiig cua Lan luc nao cung dupc sdp x^p
thudng dUdc cd giao khen.

Lan

ififi odv 1J1 iP'^

d. II. Hudng d^n tim hieu nghia cac tif dd cho de chudn
bi lam bai«ujj od'> Sdch vd: tif chi chung vd, sdch, tdi li#u hpc tdp.
- Cap: Dd diing cua hpc sinh thudng lam bang da (hodc
vdi gid da) dung di difng sach vd, gidy but.
- Sach se: sach.
- But mile: Tif chi chung cac dd diing dd' vi^t, ve thanh
n^t.
- Gqn gdng: gpn la khdng bdy ddt ra nhiSu chd, cd trdt
tu hdp ly. Gqn gdng: Id rdt gpn.
III. Hudng ddn tim tU ngif dien vdo tUng chd trdng
- Cdu 1: Lan lupt difen cac tif vdo chd trdng. Cdc tif cdp,
chiec chi ket hdp dUdc vdi tif cdp. Ddt vdo trong cdu th.1y
chiing hpp nghia.
- Cdu 2: Dien cac tif cdn lai vao chd trdng. Cac tif sdch
vd va b u t muc cd the ket hpp vdi tif di. Song ddt vao cdu,
chi ngii "de sach vd".
;yfi(nj ono of;v ,'i'jib •tt^ vr.b ufv-L lit Bnijrfrr n^
- Cdu 3: D^ bdo ddm cdch vi^t liet kd, chi tif but mifc
dien vao cho trdng d day hop nghia^^Vit ddo oO) iM>, ma
- CTdu 4: Chi cdn tif gpn gang dien vao chd trdng. Dpc
lai cd cdu thdy khdng cd su khac nghia. d'j iud qori idm dv
6v H-»ii3 n'rs, . - .;.^. i.-.vi nu^ i . ; - "'- •
•
,{f
8


III. Md rdng tif va tdp sijf d u n g (phdn danh cho hpc
sinh khd, gidi).

1. Tim tic gdn nghia, ddng

nghia.

- Sach si: sach.
- gqn gdng: cdy viit

miic.

2. Tdp su dung tic gdn nghia, ddng

nghia.

Thay th^ cdc tif gan nghia vdo vi tri cd tif da dien. Sau
dd dpc lai cd bai xem tif ndo dien vdo chd trdng thich hop
vd hay hdn cd.
TUAN 5.
I. D^ bai: CO CHI THI NEN.
Em tu tim Idy tif thich hdp de dien vdo chd trdng.
Bdi vdn (cd cho trdng cdn dien tif ngCf)
Bdc hpc rat
Cdu hpc d ldp va d nhd rat.... Bdi ndo chUa
hi§'u kl, cdu xin thay
thdm.
Cudi ndm, Bac dupc trao
thay giao ndi: "Hoan hd em
Bdc. Em da ndu mdt
vi hqc tdp".
II. Hudng dan tim tif ngif de dien vao cho trdng va
nghia ciia cac tU ngif dd.

I. Tif bdi ndy cac em phdi tu tim lay tif ngif can dien vdo
chd trdng. De lam dupc viec nay can:

Y

- Hid'u dupc nghia cd bai vdn vd tifng cdu.
- Hid'u dung vd rd nghia ciia tif ngif cdn dien vao chd
trdng. Trudng hdp khdng hid'u rd nghia ciia tif ngii khdng
ndn diing.
^ '-


2. Dd' tim tif ngii cho bdi vdn trdn cdn dpc lai bdi tdp dpc
"Cd chi thi nen". Bdi vdn cdn di^n tif cd ndi dung tUdng
tu ndi dung bdi tdp dpc (kd* chuydn ban Bdc Ivic ddu hpc kem
sau do hpc chdm, bdn bi vupt khd ndn dat kdt qua cao vao
cudi ndm hpc).
3. Tim tif ngif cdn di^n vdo chd trdng vd nghia cua nd.
- Cdu 1: "Bdc hpc rdt..."
Tif cdn tim phdi ndi rd kit qiia hodc tinh thdn hqc tAp
cua Bdc. Vi du cdc tif ngif chi ket qiia cd thd' diing: kem,
gidi, khd... cdc tif ngif chi tinh thdn hpc tdp cd thd' diing:
/Udi biding, chdm chi, sieng ndng, cdn cii, bdn bi,
chju khd, c h u y e n cdn, say me...
Bdi tdp dpc kd' rdng: "Bdc hpc thdt chdm, khd khdn khdng
ndn". Difa vdo dd em ndn chpn mdt tif chi tinh thdn quyit
tdm hqc tdp cua Bdc, khdng ndn chpn tif chi kdt qiia hpc tftp.
Nghia mdt sd tif ngii cd thd' diing:
+ Siing ndng: lam vide gi dd mdt cdch ddu ddn, thudng
xuyen, ddy dii cdng vide.

+ Say mi: Ham thich ddc bidt vd bi cudn hut lidn tuc vdo
cdng vide ddn mifc khdng nghi, khdng Id Id cdng vi^c.
•. /

+ Cdn cu: Ldm vide chdm chi, chju khd mdt cdch thudng
xuyen.
- Cdu 2: "Cdu hpc d ldp vd d nhd rat..."

Y cdu nay cdn ndi
chdm hpc thi cdu ndy
su chdm chi dd. Cac
trdng: tu gidc, nghiim

tidp y cau
phdi ndi rd
tif ngii cd
tdc, miit

trdn. Cdu trdn ndi Bdc rdt
cdch ldm cua Bdc thd' hi^n
thd' chpn de didn vdo chd
mdi.

Nghia mdt sd tif ngii cd th^ diing:
10


+ Tu gidc: hieu rd cdng viec nen ldm viec khdng cdn ai
nhdc nhd, ddn ddc.
+ Nghiim tuc: ThUc hidn phdn vide ciia minh mdt each

ddy dii, diing vdi cdc quy dinh.
Vl du: thdi dd hpc tdp nghiem tiic.
+ Miit mdi: ldm viec tap trung vd bi ldi cudn cdng viec
ddn miic nhu khdng mdt luc ndo cd th^ rdi ra. Vi du: hpc
tdp midt mdi.
- Cdu 3: "Bdi ndo chUa hi^u ky, cdu xin thdy .... thdm".
Dpc ky
ky" thi ve
gidng lai,
gidi nghia

cdu vdn, vd trdn cd ndi dung "bdi ndo chUa hie'u
dUdi ndi dung phdi tidp ndi: "cdu xin thdy cd the':
hudng ddn thim, chi bdo, ndi ro, giup do, gidng
Id mdt sd tif ngii cd thi diing:

+ Gidng gidi: ndi cho hi^u rd, hi^u tUdng tdn.
- Cdu 4: "Cudi ndm, Bdc dUpc trao ...."
Y cdu ndy phdi tidp ndi y doan tren chi rd kit qua Bac
dat dupc. Do dd cd thi lUa chpn trong cdc tif ngCf sau di
didn vdo chd trdng: gidy khen, bdng khen, phdn thudng
- Cdu 5. "Thdy giao ndi : "Hoan hd em Bac: Em da nen
mdt .... vd hpc tdp", y cdu ndy phdi phat trien y cdu 4. Bac
dupc khen thudng. Thdy gido ndu sU vide dd de mpi hpc sinh
khdc noi theo. Do dd cd the' diing mdt trong cdc tif ngCt:
guong sdng, guong tdt, diin hinh.
Nghia mdt sd tif ngif cd thd' diing:
+ Guong sdng: ngUdi dUdc coi la mdu mifc di mpi ngUdi
ldm theo.
+ Diin hinh: ngUdi cd nhieu didu tdt, noi bat mpi ngudi

ndn noi theo.

11


III. H u d n g ddn sii d u n g cdc tU gdn n g h i a , tif d d n g
n g h i a ( d a n h cho hoc sinh k h a , gidi).
Em cd thi thay thd cac tif gdn nghia, ddng nghia dd cho
dd' tim xem diing tif ndo hay hdn cd.

TUAN 6.
I. De bai: GIA DINH CUA S(>N.
Em tif tim Idy tif thich hdp dd' didn vao chd trdng.
Bdi vdn {cd chd trdng cdn dien tif ngii)
Gia dinh Sdn gdm cd dng .... Sdn, .... me Sdn. anh chi Sdn,
em Sdn va Sdn. Em Sdn Id mdt em gdi. NhU vdy Sdn khdng
cd em ....
Ong ndi Sdn tuy
nhUng vdn cdn khde manh. Ong
thudng
cdy cdi trong vUdn. Bd ndi thi
Sdn vd cdc
em.
II. H u d n g d a n tim c a c tU ngU c a n didn vao c h o t r d n g
va n g h i a ciia cdc tvf nguf dd.
1. Bdi vdn trdn ndi vd nhifng ngUdi thdn trong mdt gia
dinh. Em cdn dpc lai cdc bdi tap dpc, tif ngif ... trong tudn
cd ndi dung tUdng tif d^ tim tif ngif cdn didn.
2. Tim tic ngiC cdn diin vdo chd trdng vd nghia cua nd.
- Cdu 1. "Gia dinh Sdn gdm cd dng .... Sdn, .... me Sdn,

anh chi Sdn, em Sdn vd Sdn".
Cdu ndy chi ve thanh vidn trong gia dinh Sdn theo thii
bdc tif tren xudng dudi.
12


Do dd cdc tif cdn didn phdi Id tif ngii chi nhiing ngUdi
trong gia dinh nhU: bd, bd, ba, cha ...
6 chd trdng thii nhat, sau tif dng phdi chpn tif b a mdi
tUdng iirng vd cimg hdng. O chd trdng thii hai trudc tif me
phdi chpn tif cha (hodc bd, ba ...) mdi hpp nghia.
- Cdu 3: "Nhu vdy Sdn khdng cd em ....".
Cdu ndy phdi tidp ndi y cdu 2. Cdu trdn ndi Sdn cd em
gdi vdy sau cdc tif ngii "Sdn khdng cd em ...." phdi dien tif:
trai hodc gdi.
- Cdu 4: "Ong ndi Sdn tuy

nhung vdn cdn khde manh".

Cdn chu y cdp tif "/uy .... nhung chi sU ddi ldp. 0 dudi
ndi rd dng Son "vdn cdn khde manh" thi vd trdn phdi dien
mdt tif tao ndn y tinh trang cd phdn ddi ldp vdi y dudi. Cd
th^ dimg mdt trong cdc tif ngii: gia, tudi gid, nhi^u tuoi,
tudi cao ...
- Cdu 5: "Ong thudng .... cdy cdi trong vifdn".
Y cdu ndy mudn ndi ddn vide ldm ciia dng. Do dd cd thi
diing mdt trong cdc tif ngii: chdm sdc, chdm bdn, tUdi, bdt
sdu, trdng trot.
- Cdu 6: "Bd ndi thi .... Sdn vd cdc em".
Cdu ndy kd' lai vide ldm ciia bd ndi ddi vdi cdng vide gia

dinh, ddi vdi cdc chdu.
Cd thd' diing mdt trong cac tif ngif: trdng nom, sdn sdc,
chdm sdc, bao ban, day bdo ....
III. Hudng dkn sxi dung cac tif gdn nghia, ddng nghia.
O phdn trdn, mdi chd trdng cdn didn thudng gpi y mdt sd
tif gdn nghia cd thd' sii dyng. Em thay thd ldn lupt cdc tif
13


ngQ dd vdo chd trdng vd nhdn xdt xem diing tif ngif ndo hay
hon cd.

WAN 7.
I. D^ bdi. CHJ VA EM.
Em tu tim Idy tif thich hdp dd' didn vdo chd trdng.
Bdi vdn: {cd chd trdng cdn didn tif)
Bd Hoa la .... ciia em Nu. Be Son la
ciia chi Lan. Hoa
rdt
em Nu. Cd dd chdi dep, hoa
em Nu. Cd qiia bdnh
ngon, chi Lan ddu .... cho Sdn. Vi thd, chi vd em sdng vdi
nhau rdt
II. H u d n g ddn tim tif ngU difen vdo chd t r d n g vd
hidu n g h i a cdc tU ngif dd.
1. Ndi dung bdi van ndi vd tinh thuong ydu ciia anh chj
em trong gia dinh. Dd' tim dupc cac tif ngif cdn didn vao chd
trdng cdn dpc lai cdc bdi tdp dpc "Be Hoa" vd "Ldm anh".
2. Tim tif ngii cdn didn vdo chd trdng vd nghia ciia nd.
- Cdu 1: "Bd hoa Id

ciia em Nu".

Cdn dpc lai bdi tdp dpc Be Hoa.Theo bdi ndy bd Hoa Id
chi ciia em Nu. Do dd cd thd' diing mdt trong cdc tif ngif sau
dd' didn vdo chd trdng: chj, chj gai ...
- Cdu 2: "Be Sdn Id .... ciia chi Lan".
D^ y tif ngii "chi Lan" thi hi^u ngay bd Sdn Id em. Do
do tif ngif cdn didn cd thi la: em, em gdi.
- Cdu 3: "Hoa rdt .... em Nu, cdn Son thi rdt

chi Lan".

Cdu ndy chi tinh cdm chi em giiia Hoa vd Nu, Son vd
14


Lan. Do dd cd thi diing mdt trong cdc tif ngCt de didn: y e u ,
thUdng thuong yeu, qiiy, y e u qiiy, qiiy m^n ...
Nghia Id mdt tif ngii cdn dien:
+ Yiu: cd tinh cdm thich thii, dl chiu, mudn gdn gQi mudn
sdn sdc .... mdt ngudi, mdt vat ndo dd. Vi du: me ydu con.
+ Thuong: cd tinh cdm ydu men vd thudng td ra quan
tdm sdn sdc mdt ngUdi nao dd.
- Cdu 4 vd 5: "Cd dd chdi dep, Hoa
ngon, chi Lan ddu
cho Sdn".

em". "Cd qiia bdnh

Dpc lai bdi tdp dpc Lam anh dd' tim cdc tif ngif cdn thidt.
Cdu ndy ndi vd cdch Hoa, Lan ddi xii vdi em. Do dd cd the
chpn trong cdc tif ngCf sau dd' didn vdo chd trdng: ddnh cho,
nhudng cho, chia phdn, d^ phdn.
- Cdu 6: "Vi thd chi vd em sdng vdi nhau rdt ...."
Cdu nay la ket ludn riit ra qua cdch ddi xii ciia Hoa vd
Lan ddi xii vdi em. Cd the dimg mdt trong cdc tif ngii: hda
thudn, vui ve, doan ket, thdn thiet ...
Nghia la mdt sd tif ngii cdn diing:
+ Hda thudn em dm, vui ve, khdng xich mich vdi
nhau.
+ Dodn kit: ciing hpp vdi nhau thdnh mdt khdi thdng
nhdt, cimg hoat ddng vi muc dich chung.
III. Hudng d4n sijf d u n g cac tif gdn nghia, ddng nghia
(Ddnh cho hpc sinh kha va gidi).
Tdp thay thd cac tif gan nghia, ddng nghia da cho vdo chd
trdng. Dpc lai vd tim xem dimg tif ngif ndo hay hdn cd.

15


Phdn II

QUAN SAT TRANH
VA TRA LOI CAU HOI
I. KY N A N G :

I. Luydn tdp ky ndng sif dung cac gidc quan di nhdn xdt
ddc did'm cua biic tranh (ve cdc hinh ve trong tranh, vd sif
sdp xdp cua cdc hinh vd dd vd mdu sdc ....) qua dd hi^u dupc

ndi dung biic tranh
2 Luydn tdp ky ndng diing tif, ddt cdu dd' trinh bdy nhifng
didu thu nhAn dUdc vd cdc cdm xuc khi quan sdt bifc tranh
theo ydu cdu ciia cdc cdu hdi gpi y.

II. PHUONG PHAP LAM BAI.
1. Quan sdt chung todn bd biic tranh dd' hid'u dupc: ndi
dung cac cdnh ve trong tranh, y nghia biic tranh.
2. Cdn cii vdo cdu hdi de' quan sat tifng bd phdn ciia bifc
tranh. Cd thi quan sat theo cac bd phdn: phia trdn rdi phia
dudi; bdn trai, bdn phdi vd d giifa bifc tranh; cdc nhdm ngUdi,
cac cdnh vdt, con vdt ... hinh ve trong tranh.
3. Rut ra nhdn xet vd nhiing ndt ddc sdc vd tinh cdm,
cdm xuc khi quan sat tifng bd phan vd cdc bifc tranh.
4. Chpn tif, sdp xdp cdu dd' trd ldi dung y tifng cdu hdi
trong sach hpc sinh .

16


TUAN 8.
De bdi: GIAN

MU6P

Tranh trang 55 SGK.

jm^
W:&^
I. Cdu hdi:

1. Gian mudp (trong tranh) bac d dau?
2v Trdn gian mUdp em thay nhiing gi?
3. Hinh thii nhifng qiia mUdp khdc nhau nhu the nao?
4. Em hay nhin vao tranh ddt them mdt cau hdi vd tU trd ldi
II. Hudng dan quan s a t _ t r a n h ^ e tra \^{ c^u h^i.
f ^ D :• I f; O C O U C^ ^: G: A H A K CM
1. Gidn mUdp bac d d a u ? .• .i^TAlv'Ttlbi'S I l ' . - T h a ViLN

!L. LIL: Cili^li

,7


Quan sat chung todn biic tranh. Chu y chide cdu bdc trdn
mdt nude, cdnh vdt chung quanh bd ao. Xdc djnh rd vj trf
ciia gian mUdp. Dua vdo kdt qiia quan sdt trd ldi cdu hdi.
2. Tren gian mudp em thdy nhifng gi? Nhin phdn trdn cda
gidn mudp. Chii y nhdn xet ddc did'm nhifng chide la, thdn
mUdp. Em nhd lai xem la vd thdn mUdp mau gi?
3. Hinh thii nhifng qua mudp khac nhau nhu thd ndo?
Dem xem sd qiia mUdp dUdc ve trong tranh. So sdnh hinh
dang, dp to nhd, ddi, ngdn cua cac qua mUdp.
4. Ddt thdm mdt cdu hdi: Vi du:
- Hai ban nhd dang ldm gi bdn gidn mUdp? Chii y nhdn
xdt cdng vide ciia ban ldn tud'i dang difng, ciia em nhd dang
ngdi va chide rd trUdc mdt em.
- CAnh gidn mudp gpi cho em cdm xiic ^ ? Ghi lai cdm
xuc, y nghi cua em khi ngAm bOtc tranh.
III. Gpi y t r d ldi cdu hdi.
1. Gian mudp bac ngay bdn bd ao. Nd ndm canh cdu ao.

2. Trdn gidn mudp phii kin la xanh, ddm. Chdc thd ndo
ciing cd nhifng bdng hoa vang (hodc: ddy mUdp leo khdp gian.
Bdn tren, la mudp chen nhau phii kin cd gidn. Ddy dd mdt
vdi bdng hoa vdng.
3. Ndm sau qua mUdp lung ldng trdn gian. Cd qua to,
cong cong. Cd qua thAng, trdn trinh. Cd qua nhd bdng ngdn
tay cdi.
4. Em ldn dang hai mudp. Em bd ngdi canh rd mUdp dd
cd vai ba qua.
'

18


I. Bai viet tham khao (Danh cho hpc sinh kha va
gidi).
Gidn mudp bdc ngang bd ao. Canh dd Id cau ao bac bang
mdt tdm go ddi.
Gidn mUdp to, rdng, la phii kin. Tat cd mot mdu xanh.
Cd mau xanh dam ciia Id gid, mdu xanh non ciia la non. May
bdng hoa vdng tUdi mdi nd. Ben dudi, ddm bdy qiia mUdp.
Cd qua to, trdn budng thdng xudng. Cd qiia cong cong. Cd
qiia mdi bdng tay cdi.
Hai ban nhd dang hdi mudp. Ndt mdt ban ndo cung vui
tUdi. Cd le cdc ban ay mifng vi thu hoach dupc nhieu qiia.
TUAN 9.
Di& bai: DAN GA M 6 I

N6.

I. Cdu hdi.
1. Dan ga trong
tranh cd nhiing net
dep gi?
2. Gd me vd gd
con dang ldm gi? O
ddu?
3. Cdi gi dang de
dpa ddn gd con.
4. Ga me ldm gi
di bdo vd ddn gd
con.

>A(M' 1 ^ ^ ^

k

\

19


5. Nhin tranh em hdy ddt thdm mdt cdu hdi vd tif trd ldi.
II. Hudng dan q u a n s a t t r a n h d e t r d ldi cdu hdi.
1. Dan ga trong tranh cd nhiing ndt gi dep.
- Chu y quan sdt cac con ga con. Nhdn xet hinh ddng
chiing ra sao? Mdy con chay nhU thd nao? Cd con nao dang
bdi ddt khdng? Trdng chiing gidng vdt gi. Nhd lai xem ldng
chiing mdu gi?
2. Gd me vd gd con dang ldm gi? d ddu? Nhdn xet each

ndm ciia gd me, hoat ddng ciia bdy ga con. Hinh dnh Id tre
d phia trdn biic tranh gpi cho em nghl vd vi tri ddn ga dang
chdi?
3. Cdi gi de dpa ddn gd con.
Quan sdt con vdt dang bay phia trdn ddn gd con. Ddy Id
con vdt gi? Nd dang d tu thd ndo?
4. Gd me ldm gi de bdo vd dan gd con? Chu y tu thd ciia
ddu gd me. Ddi mdt gd me nhin di ddu?. Hai cdnh gd me d^
thd ndo? nhdm muc dich gi?
5. Cdu hdi tu ddt. Vi du:
- Em cd cdm nghl gi khi ngdm nhin ddn gd con vd tu thd
ciia gd me?
Nhd lai y nghl khi ngdm cdc con gd con, khi ng^m tu
thd ciia gd me.
- Lidu con didu hdu cd gdy tai hpa gi cho ddn gd? Em thif
phdng dodn xem didu hdu cd bdt dupc gd con khdng? Gd m?
cd dd cho didu hdu bdt gd con?
n i . G1. Ddn gd con chdc mdi nd. Chung nhd nhdn, xinh xdn.
20


Hai ba con dang chay. Cd con difng nhin trdi. Chiing thdt
ddng ydu.
2. Gd me vd dan gd con dang d dudi bui tre. Dan con
dang chdi. Cdn gd me nam ngam nhin, bdo ve con.
3. Mdt con dieu hdu dang lupn trdn trdi. Hai canh giang
rdng nhu chd dpi thdi cd bd nhao xudng bat gd con.
4. Gd me vUdn cd theo ddi con didu hdu. Ddi cdnh xii ra
sdn sdng che chd cho ddn con.

5. Chdc didu hdu khdng bdt duoc gd con vi thdi dd dii tdn
cua gd me.
IV. Bdi vi^t tham khdo (Ddnh cho hpc sinh khd va
gidi).
Ddn gd con chdc mdi nd. Chiing xinh ldm. Bd ldng vdng
mupt, xii ra, trdng nhu nhiing cue bdng bidt di.
Cd dan gd dang d dudi bui tre. Gd me ndm trdng dan con.
May con gd con dang chay chdi. Cd con diing canh me ngd
ngdc nhin. Mdt con didu hdu dang lUdn trdn trdi chd cd hdi
lao xudng bdt gd con. Gd me nghen cao dau. Ddi mat tinh
nhanh, dang cdnh gidc nhin theo con dieu hdu.
Diing Id nd 6 tU thd sdn sdng ddnh trd.
Nhin biic tranh em lai thay ddn gd thdt ddng ydu.

21


TUAN 10.

De bai: QU£ HUONG.
I. Cau h d i
I. Nhin bifc t r a n h que
huong, em thdy ddy la cdnh
ndng thdn hay thdnh phd? V'i
sao em bidt?
2 Tranh ve nhifng cdnh
gi? Em thich cdnh nao nhdt?
3. Difa vdo biic tranh, em
n§u thdm hai cdu hdi vd tif
trd ldi.

II. H u d n g ddn q u a n sdt
de trd Idi c d u hdi
1. Nhin bifc t r a n h qud
hUdng, em thdy ddy Id cdnh
ndng thdn hay thanh phd, vi
sao em bidt?
Quan sdt chung todn biic
tranh. Chu y cdnh phia xa
(ve d phan trdn bifc tranh):
con dudng, hang cay, thUdng
mpe d chd nao? Tif dd
suy ra cdnh ndy Id ndng
thdn hay thanh phd.
2. Tranh ve nhifng cdnh
gi? Em thich cdnh ndo nhat?

22

(Tranh minh hpa). tr.G6


Xem phia tren ciing biic tranh la cdnh gi? Phan giifa biic
tranh la cdnh ndo? (Chii y hinh dnh cdt cd). Phdn cudi biic
tranh ve cdnh gi? Nhdn xet hinh dang ciia ngdi nhd, vi tri
vd hinh dang cac loai cd trong tranh.
3. Hai cdu hdi tu ddt.
- Biic tranh cd dep khdng?
- Biic tranh gpi em nhd tdi cdnh gi? 0 ddu?
III. Gqi y tra ldi cdu hdi.
1. Biic tranh ve cdnh mdt viing que.

Phia xa (d phdn trdn ciing ciia biic tranh) la cdnh ddng
rudng, bd rudng, dUdng ngang, dudng dpc thdng tdp. Hang
cdy phi lao mpe thdnh day hai ben dudng.
2. Trong tranh, ngodi cdnh ddng rudng, cdn cd cdnh xdm
ldng. Cdng ldng bang gach cd mdi che cd kinh. Trong ldng
nhd cOfa bdng gach san sat. Khi trUdng hpc rdng rdi, d giiia
cdt cd cao viit.
3. Biic tranh dep. Cdnh trong tranh la cdnh thdn xdm no
am, giau cd.
4. Em thdy ydu men canh ddng que trong tranh. Nd khdng
khdc gi cdnh d Lang xdm than yeu ciia em.
IV. Bai viet tham khao (danh cho hpc sinh kha, gidi).
Mdt cdnh ddng que thanh binh hien len trong tranh.
Xa xa, canh ddng rdng. Cac thiia rudng vudng vdn, bd
ngang bd dpc thdng tdp. Nhifng hang phi lao tUdi tdt mpe
ben dudng.
Trong ldng, nhd nha deu xay gach. Cay cdi xum xue, tUdi
tdt. Cdng Ifing cd hai tang, kieu cdng co kinh ciia nhifng xdm
23