NETWORK MODEL (MẠNG máy TÍNH cơ bản SLIDE)
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MODULE 2 - NETWORK MODEL
OSI AND TCP/IP MODEL
MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
Analyzing network in layers
What
What is
is flowing
flowing ??
Data
Data
What
What different
different forms
forms flow
flow ??
Text,
Text, Graphic,
Graphic, Video
Video ...
...
What
What rules
rules govern
govern flow
flow ??
Standard,
Standard, Protocol
Protocol ...
...
Where
Where does
does the
the flow
flow occur
occur ??
Cable,
Cable, Atmosphere
Atmosphere ...
...
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Communication
Transmission of information.
Examples:
Speaking.
Smoke signal.
Body language.
Morse.
Telephone.
Broadcast systems (radio, television).
Internet
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Communication process
Packets
Protocols
Source
Address
Medium
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Destination
Address
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Communication characteristics
Addresses
Media
Who are the source and the destination of
a communication process?
Where is the communication take place?
Protocols
How to make the communication process
effectively?
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conversation
Address
Media
Hello Mr.A, I am B
Atmosphere
Protocol
Language
Speed
Handshaking
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Data Communication
Address
Media
Source address, Destination address
Cable, Fiber, Atmosphere
Protocol
Format
Procedure
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Protocol
Protocol is a set of rules, or an
agreement, that determines the format
and transmission of data that make
communication on a network more
efficient.
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Protocol examples
In transportation
In communication
In social
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OSI MODEL
Evolution of networking standards
SNA
Standard
• Interconnection
• Development
Proprietary
• Simplification
TCP/IP
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DECNET
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OSI model development
Researched and developed by the ISO International Organization for
Standardizations.
1977: establish a subcommittee to
develop a communications architecture.
1984: publish ISO-7498, the Open
System Interconnection (OSI) reference
model.
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OSI model
The OSI model: a framework within
which networking standards can be
developed.
It provided vendors with a set of standards
that ensured greater compatibility and
interoperability between the various types
of network technologies that were produced
by the many companies around the world.
Proprietary vs. Open
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A layered model
The communications functions are
partitioned into a hierarchical set of
layers.
Each layer performs a related subset of
the functions required to communicate.
Each layer relies on the next lower layer
to perform more primitive functions and
provides services to the next higher
layer.
The OSI Model define a set of layers and
the services performed by each layer
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Why a layered model?
Reduces complexity.
Standardizes interfaces.
Facilitates modular engineering.
Ensures interoperable technology.
Accelerates evolution.
Simplifies teaching and learning.
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model
Layer 7: Application
Layer 6: Presentation
Layer 5: Session
Layer 4: Transport
Layer 3: Network
Layer 2: Data Link
Layer 1: Physical
• All People Seem To Need Data Processing
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Model
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(Cont.)
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(Cont.)
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The Seven Layers of the OSI Model
(Cont.)
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The Seven Layers of the OSI Model
(Cont.)
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(Cont.)
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The Seven Layers of the OSI Model
(Cont.)
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Encapsulation example: Air-mail
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