BÀI LUYỆN TẬP VỀ CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN -ANH 9 (HUỆ)

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<i><b>TYPES OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES</b></i>

Type Forms Usage

0 If + S + V(s,es), S+ V(s,es)/câu mệnh lệnh

1 If + S + V(s,es), S + Will/Can/shall... + Vo Đk có thể xảy ra ở hiẹn tại ỏ tương lai
2 If + S + V2/ Ved, S +would/ Could/ Should...+ Vo Đk khơng có thật ở hiện tại

3 If + S + Had + V3/Ved, S + would/ could...+ have + V3/Ved Đk khơng có thật trong q khứ
Đk kết hợp If + S + had + V3/Ved, S + would + Vo

1. Câu Điều Kiện Diễn Tả Thói Quen Hoặc Một Sự Thật Hiển Nhiên

Câu điều kiện này diễn tả một thói quen, một hành động thường xuyên xảy ra nếu điều kiện được
đáp ứng, hoặc diễn tả một sự thật hiễn nhiên, một kết quả tất yếu xảy ra. học tiếng anh

Cấu trúc: <b>If + S + V (hiện tại), S + V (hiện tại)</b>

<i><b>Đảo ngữ</b></i>

<i><b> của câu</b></i>

<i><b> điều kiện</b></i>

<b>1.Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 1: Should + S + Vo, S + Will +Vo</b>
<b>2. Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 2: Were + S + to + Vo, S + Would + Vo</b>

<b>3. Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3: Had + S + V3/Ved, S + Would have + V3/Ved</b>
<b>If not = Unless.</b>

- Unless cũng thường được dùng trong câu điều kiện - lúc đó Unless = If not
Đối với câu đề nghị, gợi ý, bày tỏ ý kiến mang tính lịch sự

<b>If + can/may/must/have to/should/be going to + V-inf, simple future.</b>

Ex. If I can help you, I will.

If I may get into the room now, I shan't feel cold.
If I must/have to take the oral test, I shall feel afraid.

If you are going to go to University, you must study hard before an entrance examination.
If you should see her tomorrow, please tell her to phone me at once. (tương đương probably)
Lưu ý: Trong câu "<b>if + subject + should + V-inf.", </b>should có thể được đưa lên đầu câu thay "if"
<b>Should + V-inf., simple future.</b>

<i><b>Some equals</b></i>

1.But for that + unreal condition: Nếu khơng thì
2) Otherwise + real condition: Kẻo, nếu khơng thì.

We must be back before midnight otherwise I will be locked out.

3) Otherwise + unreal condition: Kẻo, nếu khơng thì nhưng sau nó phải là điều kiện khơng thể
thực hiện được

Lưu ý: Trong tiếng Anh thông tục người ta dùng or else để thay thế cho otherwise.
4) Provided/Providing that: Với điều kiện là, miễn là = as long as

5)Suppose/Supposing = What ... if : Giả sử .... thì sau, Nếu ... thì sao.
* Suppose cịn có thể được dùng để đưa ra lời gợi ý

Suppose you ask him = Why don't you ask him.
Cịn có một thành ngữ:

What if I am: Tao thế thì đã sao nào!

6) If only + S + simple past/past perfect = wish that(Câu đ/k không thực hiện được) = giá mà
If only she had studied harder for that test.

7. Even if / Even though : dù là
ex: Even if it rains, we'll still go.
8. Unless= If not

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9. On ( the) conditional ( that)

eg: I will give you the money on the conditional that you will pay me in a week
10. Providing/ Provided/ So long as/ As long as

eg: Providing/ Provided you will pay me in a week , I will give you the mone
<b>11. Without: khơng có</b>

Without water, life wouldn’t exist.

= If there were no water, life wouldn’t exist.

<b>EXERCISE I: </b><i><b>Put the verbs in brackets in correct tenses.</b></i>

1/ If I (have) ________ a typewriter, I could type it myself.

2/ If I had known that you were in hospital , I (visit) ________ you.

3/ You could make much progress if you (attend) ________ class regularly.
4/ If I (know) ________ his telephone number, I would give it to you.
5/ If you (arrive) ________ ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat.
6/ If he (study) ________ harder, he can pass an exam.

7/ She may be late if she (not hurry) ______
8/ Tell him to ring me if you (see) ________ him.

9/ If you (speak) ________ more slowly,he might have understood you
10/ What (you do) ________ if you got fat ?

<b>Exercise II : </b><i><b>Supply the correct verb tense.</b></i>

1/ If you are kind to me, I (be) _______ good to you.
2/ He (come) _______ if you waited.

3/ If you (ring) _______ the bell, the servant would come.

4/ If I had known that the baby was hungry, I (feed) _______ him.
5/ If it (not, rain) _______ a lot, the rice crop wouln’t grow.
6/ If today (be) _______ Sunday, we wouldn’t have to work.
7/ If she had had your address, she (write) _______ to you.

8/ We lost the match. If you (play) _______ for us, we (win) _______.

9/ So long as you return the book by Saturday, I (lend) _______ it to you with pleasure.
10/ They would not be paid unless they (do) _______ their work well.

11/ Provided he (not, be) _______ interrupted, he can finish the work on time.
12/ If it (be) _______ convenient, let’s meet at three o’clock.

13/ If I became very rich, I (build ) _______ a hospital for the poor.

14/ If he (give) _______ up smoking, as his doctor orders, he will be soon well again.

15/ He (not, have) _______ an accident if he had not been driving so fast.

16/ If she (write) _______ more carefully, she might not have made too many mistakes.
17/ You would have to stay in bed unless your health (improve) _______.

18/ Did she have more practice, she (speak) _______ English better.
19/ Had I known that she was sick, I (visit) _______ her.

20/ Supposing World War III (happen) ________, human civilization (be) _______ destroyed.
<b>EXERCISE III : </b><i><b>Put “if” or “unless” into these spaces.</b></i>

1/ ________ we hurry, we’ll miss the bus.

2/ Will you phone me ________ you come to England ?
3/ ________ you see Jane, ask her to contact me.

4/ You’ll never pass your exam ________ you don’t work harder
5/ Liverpool won’t win ________ they begin playing better.

6/ ________ you forget our address, you can find it in the phone book.
7/ You won’t pass your driving test ________ you drive more carefully.
8/ He’ll be ill ________ he doesn’t stop worrying so much.

9/ We’ll go to the beach tomorrow ________ it’s raining.

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1/ We won’t go out unless it stops raining.

-____________________________________________________________
2/ I will call the police unless you give back my bicycle.

-____________________________________________________________
3/ You wouldn’t be able to do this exercise unless your English were good.
-____________________________________________________________
4/ Unless we had enough rain, we couldn’t grow rice.

-____________________________________________________________
5/ The fishermen couldn’t have caught a lot of fish unless they had had good nets.
-____________________________________________________________
6/ I wouldn’t buy it unless I could afford it.

-____________________________________________________________
7/ I would refuse to go unless they paid my expenses.

-____________________________________________________________

8/ I don’t agree with his economic policy. I wouldn’t vote for him unless he changed it.
-____________________________________________________________

9/ He wouldn’t have written unless he had heard news.

-____________________________________________________________

10/ You might not have a terrible toothache unless you went to the dentist regularly.
-____________________________________________________________

<b>EXERCISE V : </b><i><b>The following sentences are first, second or third conditional. Put the verbs in</b></i>
<i><b>brackets into the appropriate form.</b></i>

1/ We wanted to go out yesterday but the weather was terrible. If it (be) … <i><b>had</b><b>been</b> … a nice</i>
day, we (go) … <i><b>would have gone</b></i> … for a picnic.

2/ Why don’t you explain everything to him ? If you (not tell) _______ him the truth, I’m sure
you (regret) _______ it one day.

3/ Mary was here not long ago. If you (come round) _______ earlier, you (see) ______ her.
4/ Apparently, the ferry company are planning to close the port in this town. If that (happen)
_______, the town (lose) _______ a great deal of money.

5/ I (help) _______ you with it if I (have) _______ more time but I’m afraid I haven’t got any
spare time at all at the moment.

6/ The government is expecting to win the next election, but if it (lose) _______, the Prime
Minister (resign) _______ from politics

7/ I am so glad that you took me to your friend’s party. If we (not go) _______ there, I (never
meet) _______ Kate Winset.

8/ It’s ridiculous that trains are so expensive. If fares (be) _______ cheaper, I’m sure more people
(use) _______ the train and leave their cars at home.

9/ If she (get) _______ that job she’s applied for, she (be) _______ delighted. And I think she’s
got a good chance of getting it.

10/ Fortunately the explosion took place at night when the streets were empty. It (be) _______ a
disaster if it (happen) _______ in the middle of the day.

11/ The talks between the two leaders keep breaking down. If they (break down) _______ again,
it is possible that there (be) _______ a war between the two countries.

12/ If Alison (know) _______ anything about car mechanics, I’m sure she (help) _______ us fix

the car, but I think she knows even less than we do.

13/ They’ve been married for twenty years now but I don’t think she (marry) _______ him if she
(know) _______ what a selfish man he was.

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15/ James has everything he wants but he’s always moaning. I’m sure that if I (have) _______ so
much money, I (not moan) _______ all the time.

<b>EXERCISE VI : </b><i><b> Rewrite the following sentences using If clauses.</b></i>

<i>Model :</i>

a/ My brother will have enough money. He will buy a bicycle.
<b> If my brother has enough money, he will buy a bicycle.</b>
b/ She can’t speak English. She won’t apply for the job.
<b> If she could speak English she would apply for the job.</b>
c/ He wasn’t here. He didn’t have a lot of fun.

<b> If he had been here, he would have had a lot of fun.</b>

1/ She can’t be employed because she doesn’t have a college degree.
 ______________________________________________

2/ I don’t have enough money. I can’t go on a long holiday this year.
 ______________________________________________

3/ He is very slow, so we won’t give his such an important task.
 ______________________________________________

4/ I’ll have to work this Sunday, so I shan’t join your picnic.

 ______________________________________________

5/ He works overtime to get more money because he has to pay father’s debt.
 ______________________________________________

6/ City life isn’t enjoyable because everything is very expensive.
 ______________________________________________

7/ There are industrial factories inside the city, that’s why pollution can’t be reduced.
 ______________________________________________

8/ Everything on the earth grows well because the sun always shines.
 ______________________________________________

9/ There is a grammar error in this English composition, that’s why it can’t get a full mark.
 ______________________________________________

10/ I don’t have a typewriter. I can’t type it myself.
 ______________________________________________

<b>Exercise about wish and if only</b>

<b>I.Write again these sentences with “wish” or “If only” and Passive voice:</b>

1.I’m sorry I can’t speak English perfectly.(wish)
=>

2.I’m sorry I can’t do this exercise (only)
=>

3.I’m sory I’m not rich. (only)

=>

4.Are you ever sorry that you aren’t rich? (wish)
=>

5.It’s such a pity I’m so bad at maths (better)
=>

<b>II. for each situation, write a sentence with wish or if only</b>
1.Ann isn’t here. I need to see her right now.

……….
2.John would like to become a pilot when he grows up.

……….
3.I’m sorry I didn’t come to the party last night.

……….
4.I regret I didn’t learn to play any musical instrument.

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………..
6.I have to work tomorrow but I’d like to stay at home.

………
7.a lot of people drop litter in the street.

……….
8.My life isn’t interesting.

………

9.I’d like to take some photographs but I didn’t bring my camera.

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