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NGHIEN Ctru SAN XUAT VAT LIEU XAY DUNG

tvi x i t t h a i c a c n h a m a y t u y e n t h a n

Processing waste residue from the coal preparation plants 
and turning them into the building materials in order to 
recover national resources, minimize environmental 
pollution have tyeen studied and widely applied in our 
country and overseas as well. The paper provides a brief 
introduction on the brick manufacture technology from the 
waste residue of the coal preparation plants on the worid, 
the existing situation of the waste residue at the coal 
preparation plants at Quang Ninh coal basin and some 
initial results from the brick manufacture from the waste 
residue of Hon Gai and Cua Ong coal preparation plants.

TS. NGUVeN ANH TUAN 
ThS. HOANG MINH HUNG 
ThS. NGUYIN HQU NHAN 
TS. NGUYIN QUO'C THINH

&NNK

Vien Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Md • TKV

IVlddau

Theo cac sd lieu thdng ke,
hang nam cac nha may tuyen
than CCfa 6ng va Hdn Gai
dang 60 thai da xi't ra bd bien 
vdi khdi lifdng rat Idn, hang

trieu met khdi/nam. Van de
biifc xuc hien nay la quT da't
tren bd bien danh cho dd da
xi't la rat han che. Trong thdi
gian sap tdi se khdng cdn dien
tfch da't dai danh cho 60 thai 
da xi't tii cac nha may tuyen
than. Nganh than can phai
sdm tim giai phap xCf ly' ngudn
da xi't thai nay, hoac la van
chuyen 60 thai vao bai thai 
trong cCia cac mo hoac san
xua't che bien da xit thai thanh
cac loai vat lieu phuc vu cho
xay difng, giao thdng.

Mat khac, trong da xft thai
nha may tuyen hien nay cdn
chifa 5-8% than sach dang lam
vat lieu san lap 60 lan bien gay 
lang phf tai nguyen, gay nan
khai thac trai phep tan thu than
tren bai thai, gay d nhiem mdi
trudng va te nan xa hdi.

Theo djnh hifdng phat trien
trong nhOfng nam tdi, tinh
Quang Ninh se tie'n hanh xay
difng mdt sd khu cdng nghiep,
cum cong nghiep, cac dii an

khu du lich, cac tru sd lam

viec, cau cang, benh vien,
tri/dng hpc va khu chung c i / . . .
do dd nhu cau ve vat lieu xay
diing se tang len rat Idn, trong
dd cd gach xay diing. Theo
thdng ke hang nam, mifc dp
tieu thu gach ngdi dat set tren
dja ban tinh Quang Ninh va cac
tinh lan can la rat Idn. Dd'i vdi
tinh Quang Ninh nhu cau ve
gach nung hien nay dii bao
khoang 1.000 trieu vien/nam va
cdn tie'p tuc di/dc tang len trong
nhijfng nam tdi, nha't la trong
dieu kien Thanh phd Ha Long
dang tren da xay dung va phat
trien cd sd ha tang. Hien nay,
nang lut san xua't gach tren 6\a 
ban tinh Quang Ninh mdi chi
dap Lfng dupe khoang 70% nhu
cau, sd lifdng thieu hut gach
phai bd sung van chuyen tCf cac
dja phuong lan can. Gia thanh
san xua't gach tai Quang Ninh
tUdng ddi cao do ngudn da't set
hiem.

Hien nay, nguyen lieu dung

cho san xua't gach vin chu
yeu la da't set. Viec khai thac
dat set phuc vu cho san xua't
gach da va dang gdp phan
lam giam quT da't cho eac
nganh cdng ndng ngh[ep, dd
thj va nha't la gay d nhiem mdi
trirdng. De khac phuc tinh
trang nay, cac nha khoa hpc

tren the gidi da nghien CLfu
thanh cdng cdng nghe san
xua't gach nung khdng dung
than tif ngudn nguyen lieu da
xft thai thay the cho ngudn dat
set, da trien khai ap dung rpng
rai b chau Au, Trung Qud'c va 
nhieu nifdc tren the gidi. Viec
san xua't gach tCf da xft thai
nung khdng dung than da dem
lai y nghia to Idn cho kinh te
xa hdi nhi/ tie't kiem tai nguyen
da't, than va nhat la khdng gay
d nhilm mdi tri/dng.

Trong nhiing nam qua,
Vien Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Mo
- TKV da trien khai thanh
cdng de tai "Nghien ciiu cdng
nghe san xua't vat lieu xay

diing til ngudn da xft thai tii 
cac nha may tuyen than", ap
dung ket qua nghien cifu da
san xua't thilf va difa vao sCf
dung trong xay diing hdn
23.000 vien gach tCf ngudn xft
thai cua cac nha may tuyen
than CCra Ong va Hdn Gai. Ket
qua kiem nghiem va sir dung
da cho thay, gach nung tii da
xft thai nha may tuyen da dat
chat lifdng tifdng difdng so vdi
gach nung tC/ da't set, tii dd de
tai da di den ket luan gach
nung ti/ da xft thai cCia cac nha
may tuyen than ci Viet Nam cd
the thay the difdc gach nung

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tl/ da't set, phuc vu cho xay
di/ng va trang trf. Viec nghien
CLfu thanh cdng san xua't gach
nung tilf da xft thai da md ra
mdt hifdng mdi trong ITnh viic
XLf ly chat thai ran tCf eac nha
may tuyen than nham tie't
kiem nang li/png, tai nguyen
va bao ve mdi tri/dng.

I. l o n g quan ve cong nghe
san xuat vat lieu xay diing tCr

da xit thai tren the gidi

Ngay tCf giiia the k^ 20,
tri/dc ap li/c tan thu tai
nguyen, giam thieu d nhiem
mdi tri/dng bai thai, cac nha
may tuyen than, cac nha khoa
hpc tren the gidi da trien khai
nghien ciJru cac tfnh chat cd
ban cCia da xft, so sanh vdi da't
set, che bien san xua't thif
nghiem gach tCf ngudn da xft
thai. Ket qua da cho tha'y gach
difdc san xua't tif da xft thai ed
chat li/png ti/dng difdng so vdi
gach san xua't tCf da't set va cd
the sCr dung lam vat lieu xay
dung cho eac cdng trinh xay
difng cdng nghiep, giao thdng
va dan dung. Do gia thanh
san xua't gach tif da xft thai la
tifdng ddi cao, nhung de ifu
tien giai quye't van de d nhiem
mdi trifdng, tan thu va tiet
kiem tai nguyen, chi'nh phCi
nhieu nifdc tren the gidi da
ban hanh cac chfnh sach ho
trd ve mien giam thue va
khuyen khfch sCf dung gach
difdc san xua't tif da xft thai

cac nha may tuyen than.

O CHLB Nga: Cdng nghe san
xuat gach tCf nguyen lieu da xft
thai da dupe ap dung tai cac nha
may tuyen than Abasebxki,
Karagandiski, Novokuznheski
vung Luski. Thanh phan khoang
vat chCi yeu cd trong da xft thai
gdm: SiOj 51,41%; AI2O3 16,36
%; FezOs 8,37% va MKN
22,57%. San pham gach ed dp
ben nen 110-120 kg/cm^ dUdc
cung cap cho cac cdng ty xay
dung dan dung va cdng nghiep.

6 CH Phap, Occidental
Industries (OCI) la cdng ty ndi
tie'ng tren the gidi ve chuyen
giao cdng nghe san xuat gach
tii xft thai. Vdi nguyen lieu da
xft cd thanh phan ed hat
0-0,5mm chiem ti le hdn 80% va
dp tro tCf 90-92%, san pham
gach dL/dc san xua't theo cdng
nghe cua OCI ed dp ben nen
den 300 kg/cm^

Trung Qudc la nifdc trien
khai ap dung rpng rai cdng

nghe san xua't gach tii xft thai.
Ngay tii nam 1990, Trung 
Qud'c da chCi trifdng phat trien
nhan rpng cdng nghe san xuat
vat lieu xay diing til xft thai vdi 
khau hieu "san xuat gach

khdng can dat set, ddt gach 
khdng can than". Chfnh phCi

Trung Qudc da di/a ra nhieu
chi'nh sach L/U tien de nghien
CLfu phat trien cdng nghe nay
nhif cho vay vd'n i/u dai de
dau tl/, mien giam thue trong
thdi gian dau khi di/a vao san
xua't, khuyen khfch sir dung

Bang 1. Thanh phan khoang vat trong nguyen lieu xit thai

STT

1
2
3
4
5

Chi tieu chii ydu ve 
chat lupng ngudn

xit thai

Do tro A"
Chat bdc V^

SiOj

Al,0,
Fe,0,

Don 
Vj 
tinh

%

%
%
%
%

Ten nhd mdy 
HaoTai

87,84
7,98
61,3
25,44

3,35

Long 
Quan

88,39
8,42
67,7
20,93

3,67

Duong 
Quang

87,98
8,81
64,00
20,93
5,35

gach ti^xi't thai. Hien nay, ed 3
tmng tam Idn chuyen tif van
chuyen giao cdng nghe san
xua't gach tit xft thai md d Bac 
Kinh, Hac Long Giang va Sdn
Ddng. Cac nha may san xuat
gach til xit thai ndi tieng nhi/ 
HaoTai, Long Quan d Bac Kinh
ed cdng suat 60 trieu vien/nam;

Du'dng Quang d Sdn Ddng co
cdng suat 50 trieu vien/nam.
Chat li/png gach cd dp ben nen
dat til 250 - 300 kg/cml Gia 
thanh san xuat khoang 0,2-0,3
te/vien. Dac diem thanh phan
khoang vat trong ngudn nguyen
lieu xft thai dU'dc the hien trong
bang 1.

Qui trinh cong nghe san
xuat gach tii da xft thai cd the
difdc tdm tat bao gdm cac
bi/dc nhi/ sau:

1 Nghien da xft den
-1,5mm; 2 - Lam am, trdn deu; 3
- 0; 4 - t p djnh hinh; 5 - Say; 6
- Nung; 7 - Ddng gdi, tieu thu.

Tdm lai, cdng nghe san
xuat vat lieu xay diing tii da xft
thai nha may tuyen tren the
gidi la ddn gian, ap dung kha
phd bien. San pham gach san
xua't tl/ da xft thai dat chat
li/png ve dp ben nen, ud'n
tLfdng di/dng so vdi gach san
xua't til da't set va di/dc si!f 
dung chii yeu lam vat lieu xay

diing. De ap dung vao thiic te
san xuat d Viet Nam nham tan
thu tai nguyen va giam thieu 6
nhiem mdi tri/dng, viec trien
khai nghien ciifu, san xuat thCf
nghiem la rat can thiet.

II. Nghien ciiru san xuat 
gach lam vat lieu xay dimg 
tir xit thai

1. Ket qua nghien cdu 
san xudt gach tCrxit thai qui 
m6ph6ng thi nghiem

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TL/ nam 2004 den nay,
Vien KHCN Md da tien hanh
cac npi dung nghien cifU sau:

1- Nghien ci/u cac tfnh chat
hoa ly' cCia da xft thai, so sanh
vdi da't set dijng lam nguyen
lieu san xuat gach: Thanh
phan SiOz; AI2O3; FejOs; CaO;
MKN; dp mjn...

2- Nghien CL/U cac giai
phap nghien, pha trdn, tao
ngudn nguyen lieu de san
xua't gach tif da xft.

3 - San xuat thCf nghiem qui
md phdng thf nghiem vat lieu
xay diing tii ngudn da xft thai
nha may tuyen than CCfa Ong,
Hdn Gai. Thf nghiem cac tfnh
chat ed ly cDa gach nung tif xft
thai theo tieu chuan: dp ben
nen; dp ben ud'n, dp hut nifdc,
khdi lifdng rieng, dp co ngdt
khi say va khi nung.

4- San xua't thCf nghiem
23000 vien gach tCf da xft thai
tif cac nha may tuyen than
CCfa Ong va Hdn Gai. Di/a vao

sCf dung toan bd san pham
gach nung tif xft thai.

Ke't qua thf nghiem da cho
thay gach difdc san xua't tCf
ngudn xft thai cd chat lifdng
tifdng di/dng so vdi ngudn
nguyen lieu tCf dat set, Vien da
sCf dung toan bd sd gach difpc
san xua't til da xft di/a vao xay 
dL/ng khu nha xi/dng, van
phdng eCia Vien. Ket qua
nghien cifu chi tiet difpc the

hien tren cac bang 2, 3, 4, 5,
6,7 va 8.

Ten nha may

Tuyen than CiJfa 6ng
Tuyen than Hon Gai

Khdi lupng xit ddthai tUmdt sdnha may tuyen than vung Quang 
Ninh (trieu tan)

2004

1,05
0,41

2005

1,26
0,44

2006

1,45
0,48

2007

1,55
0,52

2008

1,60
0,55

2009

1,65
0,59

2010

1,68
0,64

Bang 2. Thanh phan dp hat dd xit thai tUcdc nhd may tuyen than Cua Ong, Hdn Gai

STT

1
2
3
4
5
6

Cap hat 
(mm)

>50

35-50
15-35
6-15

1 - 6
0 - 1

Cdng

Xit thai tUnha mi 
Thu hoach (%)

6,33
15,30
27,82
22,79
5,22
22,53

100,00

\y tuydn than Cua Ong 
Dd tro (%)

86,18
83,29
82,87
78,20

77,07
73,89

79,75

Xit thai tUnha may tuy&i than Hdn Gai 
Thu hoach (%)

3,5
16,54
25,63
28,74
12,87
12,72

100

Dp tro (%)

87,45
85,47
84,34
80,11
76,42
74,81

81,19

Bang 3. Thanh phan than trong xit thai tUcdc nha may tuyen than Cua Ong, Hdn Gai

STT

1
2

Ten san pham

Than
Da xft

Cpng

Xit thai tUnha mdy tuyen than 
Ciia Ong

Thu hoach (%)

12,68
87,32

100,00

Dp tro (%)

42,93
85,45

80,06

Xit thai tUnha may tuydn than

Hdn Gai

Thu hoach (%)

9,26
90,74

100

Dp tro (%)

45,40
85,68

81,95 
Bang 4. Thdnh phan khoang chat cua dat set va xit thai tUnha may tuydn than Hdn Gai,

Mlu thurnghiem

DSX set Ha Khau

Oat set HiKu Hi/ng
DSft set Kim Sdn
Xft thii CiJfa Ong
Xft thii H6n Gai

Do tro A''%

79,46
82,16

Si02%

61,81
60,54
60,04
62,21
59,46

Al203%

25,22
24,79
23,12
19,27
26,85

Fe203%

5,32
5,26
5,95
7.40
4,98

CaO%
1,73
1,74
2,17
1,46

2,16

MgO%
1,04
1.04
1,59
1,48
1,33

Cua Ong

TiOA
0.23
0,24
0,36
0,18
0,21

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Nhan xet:

- Trong da xft thai tis cac

nha may tuyen than CCfa Ong
va Hdn Gai deu cdn chifa
lifdng than tu'dng ddi cao, ti le
dao ddng 7-10%, can tie'p tuc
tan thu sCf dung vao muc dfeh
khac.

- Do lifdng than trong xft

thai cdn kha cao nen nhiet
lu'dng phuc vu cho nung gach
la qua Idn, se lam phdng rdp
va giam chat lifpng gach, vi
vay can thiet phai tach thu hdi

Bang 5. Thanh phan hod hpc

than tri/de khi difa vao lam
nguyen lieu san xuat gach,
sao cho nhiet li/dng da xft lam
gach dao ddng trong khoang
500-600 Keal/kg.

- Ket qua phan ti'ch thanh
phan hoa hpc, thanh phan
khoang eCia cac mau da xft
thai tii nha may tuyen than 
CCfa Ong va Hdn Gai so vdi
dat set lam gach la ti/dng
di/dng.

Tdm lai, thanh phan hoa

hpc va thanh phan khoang vat

cdc mau da xit thai

cCia da xft thai cac nha may
tuyen than CCfa Ong, Hdn Gai

va mau dat set sCf dung lam
gach cd tfnh chat gan gidng
nhau. Nhi/ vay, hoan toan c6
the sCr dung ngudn da xft thai
tii cac nha may tuyen than de
lam nguyen lieu san xuat gach
phuc vu cho xay dung. De lam
nguyen vat lieu san xuat gach,
da xft tuyen than Hdn Gai va
CCfa Ong can phai dU'dc tuyen
tan thu than, sau dd di/a

Mau

Da xit tuyen than Cufa Ong

Oa xit tuyen than Hon Gai
Oat set Ha Khau

Oat Hiiu HLfng

Bang 6. Thanh phan khoang (

4*%
80,3
82,16

zua xit thi

SiOi'/c

62,56
59,46
60,54
61,95

i/ va dat s

Alfi3%

21,67
26,85
24,79
19,73

et

FejOi'/o

7,17
4,98
5.26
6.47

CaO%

0,84
2,16
1,74
1,45

MgO%

0,9
1,33
1,04
1,49

MKN%

6,25
5,7

TT

1
2
3

Mau

Da xi't tuyen than Hon Gai

Oa xit tuyen than Cvsa Ong 
Mau da't set

Caoli 
nit

10
15

Hydro 
mica

27
32
22

Clorit

12
13
10

Thach 
anh

39
35
37

Felspat

6
7
6

Gotit

-6

Kvat 
khdc

Amfibol
Amfibol
Amfibol

Bang 7. Thanh phan dp hat ciia xit thai vd dat set

Ten mau

Ba xit tuyen than CCfa Ong

Oat Ha Khau
Oa xft tuyen than Hon Gai

Cap hat (mm),%

0 + 0,315
61,4
61,0

0,315 + 0,63
21,19

19,0
47,13

0,63+1,25
14,66

17,0
24,60

1,25^3,0
2,68

3,0
28,27

>3
0,06

Bang 8. Ket qua xet nghiem chat lupng gach tUxit thai qui md phdng thi nghiem

Ky hieu 
mau

M1
M2

Gach tii dat set M50-M150
nghien de'n -3mm. Da xi'1

Dp ben nen,

Kg/cm^

87
80
50-150
sau Chat 1

Dd ben udn, 
Kg/cm^

68
72
16-28
Lfdng gach til

Dp hut 
nudc%

8,2
8,4
8-18
xft thai tl

Klupng the 
tichg/cm'

1,14
1,10

hai tren day

Klupng 
rieng 
g/cm^

2.62
2,60

chuyen cdng 
khi nghien dU'dc gia cdng

lam gach theo nhif qui trinh
lam gach tii nguyen lieu da't
set, diem khac biet la d cho
khdng dung than de nung.

tifdng dL/dng tieu chuan loai
gach mac 75 den 100.

2. Ket qua trien khai thur

nghiem san xuat gach tir xit

nghiep

can CLif vao ket qua nghien
cijfu qui md phdng thf nghiem,
Vien Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Mo

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da tiep tuc trien khai san xua't

thCf nghiem gach t i i da xft thai
tren day chuyen cdng nghiep
tai Xf nghiep gach Ha Khau va
Xf nghiep gach Binh Minh. Sd
dd cdng nghe san xua't gach
tif xft thai di/dc the hien tren
hinh 1. Ket qua san xuat gach
thCf nghiem tCf xft thai cac nha

may tuyen than CCfa Ong va
Hdn Gai di/dc the hien tren
cac bang 9, 10 va 11.

T i i ket qua san xua't thCf
nghiem, da rut ra cac nhan xet
sau:

1- Da xft tif cac nha may
tuyen than CCfa Ong va Hdn
Gai cd thanh phan khoang

chat ti/dng di/dng so vdi da't
set nen cd the dung lam
nguyen lieu phuc vu cho san
xua't gach. vat lieu xay di/ng.

2 - Gach san xua't til 
nguyen lieu da xft dat cac chi
tieu chat li/png tifdng di/dng

Nguyen lieu da xft
thai nha may tuyen

He thong nghien mjn
chuan bj nguyen lieu

He thong, lam am, 0,
che bie'n tao hinh

Kho chLfa san pham gach

;
Lo say, nung

Hinh 1. So dd cdng nghe san xuat gach tUxit thai

Bang 9. Ket qua san xuat 2700 vien gach loai 2 id QTC 220x105x60mm tUda xit thai Hdn Gai tren 
day chuyen xi nghiep gach Ha Khau

Ky hieu
m l u
100%xft

95%xft
90%xft
80%xft
Gach tif d^t set

I\/I50-M150

Do ben nen,
Kg/cm'

71,04
67,37
62,71
52,74
50-150

Do ben udn,
Kg/cm'

66,00
66,00
81,00
88,00
16-28

Do hut nude,
%
10,49
10,20
10,16
9,75
8-18

K.lircing the
tich g/cm'

2,39

2,35
2,51
2,59

K.IUOng
rieng g/cm^

1,28
1,25
1,14
1,18

Bang 10. Kei qua san xudt 20000 vidn gach loai 2 Id QTC 220x105x60mm tU da xit thai Hdn Gai 
tren day chuyen xinghipp g^ch Hufu Hung

Ky hieu mau
100%xft

95%xft
90%xft
80%xft

Gach tir dat set M50-M150

Do ben nen,
Kg/cm*

73.44
67.20
66,60

65,82
50-150

Do ben udn,
Kg/cm'

44,00
69,6
51,59
55,07
16-28

Do hut nirdc,
%
10,41
10,37
10,28
10,62
8-18

Khdi luong
the tich

g/cm^
2,32
2,34
2.45
2,52

Khdi lUdng

rieng g/cm'

1,26
1,24
1,16
1,19

Bang 11. Kdt qua san xuat 2300 vien gach loai 2 Id QTC 220x105x60mm tU da xit thai Ciia Ong 
trdn day chuyen xinghipp gach Binh Minh

Ky hieu m l u
100%xft

95%xft
90%xft
80%xft
Gach tCfd^t set

'M50-M150

Do ben nen,
Kg/cm*

74,15
69,41
64,38
58,97
50-150

Do ben udn,

Kg/cm*

65,12
64,37
76,41
78,34
16-28

Do hut nude,
%
10,32
10,68
10,44
10,57
8-18

K.lUdng the
tich g/em^

2,36
2,34
2,45
2,56

K.lUdng
rieng g/cm'

1,21
1,24
1,19

1,18

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so vdi gach nung tif dat set mac
75-100. Dp hat cang mjn thi
chat li/dng gach cang tdt, mlu
ma gach cang dep. Cha't li/png
gach til xft thai ve chi tieu chju 
nen, chju ud'n la tu'dng di/dng
so vdi gach til dat set.

3 - De cd the lam nguyen
lieu chat lifdng cao phuc vu
cho lam gach, da xft thai tif
cac nha may tuyen than tren
can tiep tuc qua cdng doan
tuyen che bie'n tan thu than
sau do difa qua cdng doan
nghien mjn.

4- Da xft thai tCf nha may
tuyen sau khi tan thu than va
nghien mjn, cd the la nguyen
lieu san xua't gach thay the
cho da't set.

3. Kei qua thurnghiem tan 
thu than tCfxit thai nha may 
tuyen tren day chuyen cdng 
nghiep

Ket qua phan tfch cac dac
tfnh xft thai nha may tuyen da
cho tha'y dp tro cCia da xft
khoang 80%, cd nghTa la cdn
mpt lifpng than nha't dmh can
phai thu hdi. Chat lifdng nguyen
lieu da xft de lam gach phai dat
chi tieu ve nhiet li/dng khdng
Idn hdn 700 kcal/kg, tiirc la dp
tro khdng nhd hdn 86%. De thu
hdi than trong da xft thai nha
may tuyen, Vien KHCN Md
trong nam 2007 da tien hanh
thCr nghiem tuyen 300 tan da xft
nha may tuyen CCfa Ong tren

day chuyen tuyen ba sang
bang cdng nghe huyen phij tii
sinh tai Cdng ty than Quang
Hanh (bang 12).

Ti^ ket qua thCf nghiem
tuyen tan thu than trong da xft
thai da cho thay, bang cdng
nghe huyen phu tii sinh cd the
tan thu difpc than nhiet li/dng
tha'p, tl le thu hdi tii 15-20%.
Viec tan thu than tri/dc khi cap
cho nha may san xuat gach la
can thie't vdi 2 muc tieu la dam

bao chat li/dng da xft sCr dung
lam nguyen lieu san xuat gach
va tan thu tai nguyen than.

4. Gidi thieu mot sd noi 
dung chu yeu cua di/an dau 
tu xay dung nha mdy san 
xuat gach Cam Pha tif xit

thai tuyen than Cua Ong 
can CLir ke't qua nghien CL/U
san xuat thCf nghiem va sCf
dung gach tCf xft thai nha may
tuyen, Vien KHCN Md da tien
hanh lap dii an dau tif xay
diing nha may san xua't gach
cdng suat 30 trieu vien/nam.
Cac dac diem cd ban cCia dii
an tren gdm:

1- Dja diem nha may: Tai
khu lan bien thudc dii an xay
diing khu cdng nghiep Cam Pha.
Tdng dien tfch mat bang (dii kien
cho cdng suat 300 trieu
vien/nam) khoang 36 hecta.

2- Ngudn nguyen lieu: Da
xft thai til cac nha may tuyen 
than CCfa Ong

3- Cdng suat: giai doan
de'n nam 2012: dat 30 trieu
vien nam, sau nam 2012: dat
60 trieu vien/nam tien tdi 300
trieu vien/nam vao nam 2020.

4- San pham chCi yeu va
thj trudng tieu thu: San pham
ctiCi yeu cCia nha may gdm c6
than cam cap cho nha may
nhiet dien sC^ dung than nhiet
lUdng thap va gach QTC
210x105x55 cac loai. Thj tn/dng
tieu thu chCi yeu la tinh Quang
Ninh, tien tdi cac khu viiC khac.

5- Cdng nghe nha may:
Gdm 2 phan xi/dng chfnh, khu
tuyen tan thu than va khu san
xuat gach,

+ Phan tuyen tan thu than sCf
dung cdng nghe tuyen than ba
sang bang huyen phu tii sinh,
cong nghe nay dang dUdc ap
dung rpng rai tai cac md than
vung Quang Ninh. Than sach
cap cho nha may nhiet dien
Cam Pha, da xft thai cap dio

nha may san xuat gach.

+ Phan san xuat gach bao
gdm cac cdng doan: dap;
nghien mjn da xft; phdi trdn
lam am, Ci; ep tao hinh; say,
nung; bdc dd, xep san pham.

Dac diem ddc dao cCia cdng
nghe nha may san xuat gach tif
xft thai theo phuong an de xuat
la hoan toan tii dpng "dau vao la
da xft, dau ra la gach thUOng
pham cac loai", gach tif nung
chfn khdng can than.

Bang 12. Ket qua thu nghiem tuyen 300 tdn xit thai nhd may 
tuyen than Ciia Ong bang cdng nghe huyen phu tusinh

STT 
1 
2 
a 
b 
c 
3

Ten san pham

Da xit vao sang

Than sach tdng sd

Than cam xft
Than cam tuyen
Than bijn xft

Da thai sau tuyen

So li/dng 
(tan)

300

73

37 
26 
11

227

Thu hoach 
( % ) •

100

24.40

12.20
8.70

3.50

75.60

Do tro (%) 
79.50

57.81

65.50
43.60
66.30

86.50

Thiet bjxdp gach ti/ddng 
(Trung Qudc)

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He thdng say, nung gach (Binh 
Minh, Viet Nam)

>BNiL«AS«Ii«*4*£^'1

Thidt biep tao hinh gach ddng 
(Trung Qudc)

H^ thdng say, nung gach (Binh 
Min.^iViet Nam)

Khai thac tan thu than

tren bai xit thai Ciia Ong

Bdbien khu Cam Pha cdn 
lai danh cho ddxit thai

6- Cac chi tieu kinh te ky
thuat chu yeu (difdc the
hien tren bang 13).

Ket luan:

Sau khi nghien cOu cac dac
tfnh da xft thai t i i cac nha may
tuyen than CCfa Ong va Hdn
Gai, tien hanh che bien san
xua't thCf gach tif ngudn
nguyen lieu da xft, sCfdung thCf
nghiem trong xay dung cdng
nghiep va dan dung de tai da
di den cac ket luan sau:

1- Hien nay mat bang cho

66 thai da xft til cac nha may

tuyen than dang la van de bifc
xuc cCia nganh than, can dien
tfch hang tram hec ta mdi nam

6e66 thai. Viec xCf ly da xft thai

nham tan thu tai nguyen than
va cac chat khoang, bao ve mdi
trudng la rat can thiet va cap
bach khdng nhOmg chi rieng
cho nganh than ma cdn cho
cac nganh cdng nghiep khac.

2- Da xft til cac nha may 
tuyen than CCfa Ong va Hdn
Gai cd thanh phan khoang
chat tifdng difdng so vdi da't
set nen cd the dung tdt lam
nguyen lieu phuc vu cho san
xua't gach, vat lieu xay diing.
Gach san xua't tif nguyen lieu
da xft t i i nung khdng can
nhien lieu than nhifng dat
difpc cac chi tieu chat li/dng
ti/dng di/dng so vdi gach nung
tLf da't set cd sCf dung than ddt.

3- Viec trien khai ap dung

cdng nghe san xua't gach tCf da
xft thai nha may tuyen se dat
difpc nhieu muc dich, y nghTa
ve kinh te va xa hdi: tan thu tai
nguyen, tiet kiem sCf dung da't,
giam thieu d nhi§m mdi tnfdng,

tao viec lam cho ngUdi lao
dpng, gdp phan nang cao hieu
qua san xua't, kinh te xa hpi
chung cCia toan nganh.

Kien nghj:

Vdi muc tieu tan thu tai
nguyen va giam thieu d nhiem
mdi tri/dng, theo kinh nghiem
cua Trung Qud'c va cac nifdc
tren the gidi, Nha ni/dc ta nen
khuyen khfch sCf dung gach
san xua't tif da xft thai, ho trd
cho cac doanh nghiep san
xua't gach tif xft thai bang
chfnh sach mien giam thue va
cho vay vd'n i/u dai./.

Tai lieu tham khao:

1- PGS.TS. Phung Manh Oac
"Nghien ciru cac giai phap khoa
hoc va cong nghe nham huy
dong tdng hop tai nguyen phuc
vu chie'n li/dc phat trien be viJmg
trong khai thac va suf dung than d
Viet Nam", Vien Khoa hoc Cong
nghe Mo - TKV, 2006.

2 - TS. Nguydn Anh Tuan. "Dif
an dau tif xay dung nha may san
xua't gach tCf xit thai nha may
tuyen than Cifa Ong", Vien Khoa
hpc Cong nghe Mo - TKV', 2008.

Bang 13

STT 
1

2
3

4

5
6
7
8
9

Cae ehl tieu KT-KT 
Tdng mifc dau tU m6i
Gia trj hien tai thifc (NPV
Tf le lai npi tai (IR)
Thdi gian hoan vdn (T)
Loi nhuan rong: Pn
Gia thanh tuyen than
Gia ban than

Gia thanh san xua't gach
Gia ban gach

Dvt

tr. dong
tr.dong

%
nam
Tr. dong

d/tan
d/tan
d/vien
d/vien

Gia trj
175.252

17.368
24,63

4,78
210.060
295.694
362.537

895

1200

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