Thai s international handbook of public procurement public administration and public policy

International
Handbook
of Public
Procurement

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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND PUBLIC POLICY
A Comprehensive Publication Program

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
EVAN M. BERMAN
Huey McElveen Distinguished Professor
Louisiana State University
Public Administration Institute
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Founding Editor
JACK RABIN
Professor of Public Administration and Public Policy
The Pennsylvania State University—Harrisburg
School of Public Affairs
Middletown, Pennsylvania

1. Public Administration as a Developing Discipline, Robert T. Golembiewski
2. Comparative National Policies on Health Care, Milton I. Roemer, M.D.
3. Exclusionary Injustice: The Problem of Illegally Obtained Evidence,
Steven R. Schlesinger

5. Organization Development in Public Administration, edited by Robert T. Golembiewski
and William B. Eddy
7. Approaches to Planned Change, Robert T. Golembiewski
8. Program Evaluation at HEW, edited by James G. Abert
9. The States and the Metropolis, Patricia S. Florestano and Vincent L. Marando
11. Changing Bureaucracies: Understanding the Organization before Selecting
the Approach, William A. Medina
12. Handbook on Public Budgeting and Financial Management, edited by Jack Rabin
and Thomas D. Lynch
15. Handbook on Public Personnel Administration and Labor Relations, edited by
Jack Rabin, Thomas Vocino, W. Bartley Hildreth, and Gerald J. Miller
19. Handbook of Organization Management, edited by William B. Eddy
22. Politics and Administration: Woodrow Wilson and American Public Administration,
edited by Jack Rabin and James S. Bowman
23. Making and Managing Policy: Formulation, Analysis, Evaluation, edited by
G. Ronald Gilbert
25. Decision Making in the Public Sector, edited by Lloyd G. Nigro
26. Managing Administration, edited by Jack Rabin, Samuel Humes, and Brian S. Morgan
27. Public Personnel Update, edited by Michael Cohen and Robert T. Golembiewski
28. State and Local Government Administration, edited by Jack Rabin and Don Dodd
29. Public Administration: A Bibliographic Guide to the Literature, Howard E. McCurdy
31. Handbook of Information Resource Management, edited by Jack Rabin
and Edward M. Jackowski
32. Public Administration in Developed Democracies: A Comparative Study, edited by
Donald C. Rowat
33. The Politics of Terrorism: Third Edition, edited by Michael Stohl
34. Handbook on Human Services Administration, edited by Jack Rabin
and Marcia B. Steinhauer
36. Ethics for Bureaucrats: An Essay on Law and Values, Second Edition, John A. Rohr

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37. The Guide to the Foundations of Public Administration, Daniel W. Martin
39. Terrorism and Emergency Management: Policy and Administration,
William L. Waugh, Jr.
40. Organizational Behavior and Public Management: Second Edition, Michael L. Vasu,
Debra W. Stewart, and G. David Garson
43. Government Financial Management Theory, Gerald J. Miller
46. Handbook of Public Budgeting, edited by Jack Rabin
49. Handbook of Court Administration and Management, edited by Steven W. Hays
and Cole Blease Graham, Jr.
50. Handbook of Comparative Public Budgeting and Financial Management, edited by
Thomas D. Lynch and Lawrence L. Martin
53. Encyclopedia of Policy Studies: Second Edition, edited by Stuart S. Nagel
54. Handbook of Regulation and Administrative Law, edited by David H. Rosenbloom
and Richard D. Schwartz
55. Handbook of Bureaucracy, edited by Ali Farazmand
56. Handbook of Public Sector Labor Relations, edited by Jack Rabin, Thomas Vocino,
W. Bartley Hildreth, and Gerald J. Miller
57. Practical Public Management, Robert T. Golembiewski
58. Handbook of Public Personnel Administration, edited by Jack Rabin, Thomas Vocino,
W. Bartley Hildreth, and Gerald J. Miller
60. Handbook of Debt Management, edited by Gerald J. Miller
61. Public Administration and Law: Second Edition, David H. Rosenbloom
and Rosemary O’Leary
62. Handbook of Local Government Administration, edited by John J. Gargan
63. Handbook of Administrative Communication, edited by James L. Garnett

and Alexander Kouzmin
64. Public Budgeting and Finance: Fourth Edition, edited by Robert T. Golembiewski
and Jack Rabin
67. Handbook of Public Finance, edited by Fred Thompson and Mark T. Green
68. Organizational Behavior and Public Management: Third Edition, Michael L. Vasu,
Debra W. Stewart, and G. David Garson
69. Handbook of Economic Development, edited by Kuotsai Tom Liou
70. Handbook of Health Administration and Policy, edited by Anne Osborne Kilpatrick
and James A. Johnson
72. Handbook on Taxation, edited by W. Bartley Hildreth and James A. Richardson
73. Handbook of Comparative Public Administration in the Asia-Pacific Basin, edited by
Hoi-kwok Wong and Hon S. Chan
74. Handbook of Global Environmental Policy and Administration, edited by
Dennis L. Soden and Brent S. Steel
75. Handbook of State Government Administration, edited by John J. Gargan
76. Handbook of Global Legal Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel
78. Handbook of Global Economic Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel
79. Handbook of Strategic Management: Second Edition, edited by Jack Rabin,
Gerald J. Miller, and W. Bartley Hildreth
80. Handbook of Global International Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel
81. Handbook of Organizational Consultation: Second Edition, edited by
Robert T. Golembiewski
82. Handbook of Global Political Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel
83. Handbook of Global Technology Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel
84. Handbook of Criminal Justice Administration, edited by M. A. DuPont-Morales,
Michael K. Hooper, and Judy H. Schmidt
85. Labor Relations in the Public Sector: Third Edition, edited by Richard C. Kearney
86. Handbook of Administrative Ethics: Second Edition, edited by Terry L. Cooper
87. Handbook of Organizational Behavior: Second Edition, edited by
Robert T. Golembiewski

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88. Handbook of Global Social Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagel and Amy Robb
89. Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective, Sixth Edition, Ferrel Heady
90. Handbook of Public Quality Management, edited by Ronald J. Stupak
and Peter M. Leitner
91. Handbook of Public Management Practice and Reform, edited by Kuotsai Tom Liou
93. Handbook of Crisis and Emergency Management, edited by Ali Farazmand
94. Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration: Second Edition,
edited by Ali Farazmand
95. Financial Planning and Management in Public Organizations, Alan Walter Steiss
and Emeka O. Cyprian Nwagwu
96. Handbook of International Health Care Systems, edited by Khi V. Thai,
Edward T. Wimberley, and Sharon M. McManus
97. Handbook of Monetary Policy, edited by Jack Rabin and Glenn L. Stevens
98. Handbook of Fiscal Policy, edited by Jack Rabin and Glenn L. Stevens
99. Public Administration: An Interdisciplinary Critical Analysis, edited by Eran Vigoda
100. Ironies in Organizational Development: Second Edition, Revised and Expanded,
edited by Robert T. Golembiewski
101. Science and Technology of Terrorism and Counterterrorism, edited by
Tushar K. Ghosh, Mark A. Prelas, Dabir S. Viswanath, and Sudarshan K. Loyalka
102. Strategic Management for Public and Nonprofit Organizations, Alan Walter Steiss
103. Case Studies in Public Budgeting and Financial Management: Second Edition,
edited by Aman Khan and W. Bartley Hildreth
104. Handbook of Conflict Management, edited by William J. Pammer, Jr. and Jerri Killian
105. Chaos Organization and Disaster Management, Alan Kirschenbaum

106. Handbook of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Administration and Policy,
edited by Wallace Swan
107. Public Productivity Handbook: Second Edition, edited by Marc Holzer
108. Handbook of Developmental Policy Studies, edited by Gedeon M. Mudacumura,
Desta Mebratu and M. Shamsul Haque
109. Bioterrorism in Medical and Healthcare Administration, Laure Paquette
110. International Public Policy and Management: Policy Learning Beyond Regional,
Cultural, and Political Boundaries, edited by David Levi-Faur and Eran Vigoda-Gadot
111. Handbook of Public Information Systems, Second Edition, edited by G. David Garson
112. Handbook of Public Sector Economics, edited by Donijo Robbins
113. Handbook of Public Administration and Policy in the European Union, edited by
M. Peter van der Hoek
114. Nonproliferation Issues for Weapons of Mass Destruction, Mark A. Prelas
and Michael S. Peck
115. Common Ground, Common Future: Moral Agency in Public Administration,
Professions, and Citizenship, Charles Garofalo and Dean Geuras
116. Handbook of Organization Theory and Management: The Philosophical Approach,
Second Edition, edited by Thomas D. Lynch and Peter L. Cruise
117. International Development Governance, edited by Ahmed Shafiqul Huque
and Habib Zafarullah
118. Sustainable Development Policy and Administration, edited by
Gedeon M. Mudacumura, Desta Mebratu, and M. Shamsul Haque
119. Public Financial Management, edited by Howard A. Frank
120. Handbook of Juvenile Justice: Theory and Practice, edited by Barbara Sims
and Pamela Preston
121. Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Threat to Occupational Health in the U.S.
and Canada, edited by William Charney
122. Handbook of Technology Management in Public Administration, edited by
David Greisler and Ronald J. Stupak
Morỗửl

123. Handbook of Decision Making, edited by Gửktug
124. Handbook of Public Administration, Third Edition, edited by Jack Rabin,
W. Bartley Hildreth, and Gerald J. Miller

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125. Handbook of Public Policy Analysis, edited by Frank Fischer, Gerald J. Miller,
and Mara S. Sidney
126. Elements of Effective Governance: Measurement, Accountability and Participation,
edited by Kathe Callahan
127. American Public Service: Radical Reform and the Merit System, edited by
James S. Bowman and Jonathan P. West
128. Handbook of Transportation Policy and Administration, edited by Jeremy Plant
129. The Art and Practice of Court Administration, Alexander B. Aikman
130. Handbook of Globalization, Governance, and Public Administration, edited by
Ali Farazmand and Jack Pinkowski
131. Handbook of Globalization and the Environment, edited by Khi V. Thai, Dianne Rahm,
and Jerrell D. Coggburn
132. Personnel Management in Government: Politics and Process, Sixth Edition,
Norma M. Riccucci and Katherine C. Naff
133. Handbook of Police Administration, edited by Jim Ruiz and Don Hummer
134. Handbook of Research Methods in Public Administration, Second Edition, edited by
Kaifeng Yang and Gerald J. Miller
135. Social and Economic Control of Alcohol: The 21st Amendment in the 21st Century,
edited by Carole L. Jurkiewicz and Murphy J. Painter
136. Government Public Relations: A Reader, edited by Mordecai Lee
137. Handbook of Military Administration, edited by Jeffrey A. Weber and Johan Eliasson

138. Disaster Management Handbook, edited by Jack Pinkowski
139. Homeland Security Handbook, edited by Jack Pinkowski
140. Health Capital and Sustainable Socioeconomic Development, edited by
Patricia A. Cholewka and Mitra M. Motlagh
141. Handbook of Administrative Reform: An International Perspective, edited by
Jerri Killian and Niklas Eklund
142. Government Budget Forecasting: Theory and Practice, edited by Jinping Sun
and Thomas D. Lynch
143. Handbook of Long-Term Care Administration and Policy, edited by
Cynthia Massie Mara and Laura Katz Olson
144. Handbook of Employee Benefits and Administration, edited by Christopher G. Reddick
and Jerrell D. Coggburn
145. Business Improvement Districts: Research, Theories, and Controversies, edited by
Gửktug Morỗửl, Lorlene Hoyt, Jack W. Meek, and Ulf Zimmermann
146. International Handbook of Public Procurement, edited by Khi V. Thai

Available Electronically
Principles and Practices of Public Administration, edited by
Jack Rabin, Robert F. Munzenrider, and Sherrie M. Bartell
PublicADMINISTRATIONnetBASE

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International
Handbook
of Public
Procurement
Edited by

Khi V. Thai
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida, U.S.A.

Boca Raton London New York

CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
International handbook of public procurement / [edited by] Khi V. Thai.
p. cm. -- (Public administration and public policy ; 146)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4200-5457-6 (alk. paper)
1. Government purchasing--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Government spending policy--Handbooks,
manuals, etc. 3. Public contracts--Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Thai, Khi V., 1941JF1525.P85I58 2009
352.5’3--dc22

2008011592

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Dedication
To my wife, Xuan,
and my two children, Xuan-Thu and Edward

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Contents
Preface ................................................................................................................................. xv
Editor ................................................................................................................................xvii
Contributors.......................................................................................................................xix

1 International Public Procurement: Concepts and Practices ........................................1
KHI V. THAI

SECTION I: PUBLIC PROCUREMENT: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
2 Framework for Assessing the Acquisition Function at Federal Agencies ...................27
U.S. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE

3 Assessing Federal Procurement Reform: Has the Procurement Pendulum
Stopped Swinging? .....................................................................................................67
JOSEPH A. PEGNATO

4 Analytical Framework for the Management and Reform
of Public Procurement ................................................................................................87
PAUL R. SCHAPPER, JOÃO NUNO VEIGA MALTA, AND DIANE L. GILBERT

5 EU Directives as Anticorruption Measures: Excluding Corruption-Convicted
Tenderers from Public Procurement Contracts ........................................................105
TERESA MEDINA ARNÁIZ

6 Public Procurement Reforms in Africa: A Tool for Effective Governance
of the Public Sector and Poverty Reduction .............................................................131
BENON BASHEKA

7 Simulation Approach to In-House versus Contracted-Out
Cost Comparisons ....................................................................................................157
DONALD R. DEIS, HELMUT SCHNEIDER, CHESTER G. WILMOT,
AND CHARLES H. COATES, JR.

8 Public Procurement Organization: A Comparison
of Purchasing’s Organizational Roles and Responsibilities
in the Public and Private Sectors ..............................................................................175
P. FRASER JOHNSON, MICHIEL R. LEENDERS, AND CLIFFORD MCCUE

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9 Service Sourcing .......................................................................................................187
ALESSANDRO ANCARANI

10 How Many Vendors Does It Take to Screw Down a Price? A Primer
on Competition in Procurement ..............................................................................211
JEFFREY M. KEISLER AND WILLIAM A. BUEHRING

SECTION II: PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS
11 Public Procurement in the United Nations System ..................................................233
TORU SAKANE

12 EC Regime on Public Procurement ..........................................................................251
SUE ARROWSMITH

13 U.S. Federal Government Procurement: Organizational Structure,
Process, and Current Issues ......................................................................................291
KRISTI D. CARAVELLA ROBINSON

14 Public Procurement in Germany ........................................................................307
MICHAEL ESSIG, SANDRA DOROBEK, ANDREAS GLAS, AND SABRINA LEUGER

15 China’s Government Procurement Policy and Institutional Framework:
History, Structure, and Operation ...........................................................................323

CAO FUGUO

16 Overview of the Government Procurement System in South Africa ........................357
PHOEBE BOLTON

17 Public Procurement in Cambodia ............................................................................375
DAVID S. JONES

18 Procurement Systems in Uganda ..............................................................................393
EDGAR AGABA AND NIGEL SHIPMAN

19 Public Procurement in Post-Transitional Context: The Case of Estonia ................. 409
VEIKO LEMBER AND VEIKO VASKE

20 Procurement Process in the Public Sector: An International Perspective ............... 427
NIGEL CALDWELL AND ELMER BAKKER

SECTION III: E-PROCUREMENT
21 Key Issues in E-Procurement: Procurement Implementation
and Operation in the Public Sector ......................................................................... 445
SIMON CROOM AND ALISTAIR BRANDONJONES

22 Factors Influencing E-Procurement Usage ...............................................................459
KEN DOOLEY AND SHARON PURCHASE

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Ⅲ

xiii

23 Facilitators of Public E-Procurement: Lessons Learned
from the U.K., U.S., and Australian Initiatives .......................................................473
KISHOR VAIDYA, GUY C. CALLENDER, AND A.S.M. SAJEEV

24 Evaluation of Public E-Procurement Services Accessibility:
A Multicriteria Approach ..................................................................................491
GIUSEPPE BRUNO, EMILIO ESPOSITO, AND MICHELE MASTROIANNI

25 World Bank E-Procurement for the Selection of Consultants:
Challenges and Lessons Learned.............................................................................. 511
KNUT LEIPOLD, JASON KLEMOW, FRANCINE HOLLOWAY, AND KISHOR VAIDYA

26 E-Procurement Management in State Governments: Diff usion
of E-Procurement Practices and Its Determinants ...................................................527
M. JAE MOON

SECTION IV: PUBLIC PROCUREMENT METHODS AND PRACTICES
27 Best Practices: Using Spend Analysis to Help Agencies Take a More Strategic
Approach to Procurement ....................................................................................... 543
U.S. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE

28 Contract Negotiations ..............................................................................................563
WENDELL C. LAWTHER

29 Controlling Service Process Performance with Statistical Process Control.............579
RALPH G. KAUFFMAN AND PHILIP G. LIGHTFOOT

30 Fixed Asset Disposal: Methods and Strategies for Disposing of Personal
Property in the Public Sector ...................................................................................591
DARIN MATTHEWS AND ELIZABETH GIBSON

31 Enhancing Use of Past Performance as a Source Selection Criterion.......................613
KEITH F. SNIDER AND MARK F. WALKNER

32 Ban-on-Negotiations in Tender Procedures: Undermining
the Best Value for Money..........................................................................................631
KAI KRÜGER

33 Bid Protests: Theory and Practice ............................................................................659
ROBERT E. LLOYD

34 Decision Technological Foundations of Public Procurement Processes ..................673
CSABA CSÁKI AND PÉTER GELLÉRI

35 Pricing Strategies and Cost Analysis in Public Procurement ...................................689
RUPERT G. RHODD

36 Public–Private Partnerships .....................................................................................703
LAWRENCE L. MARTIN AND COREY T. STUTTE

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37 Market’s Response to Contract Award Announcements: Government
versus Corporate Contracts ......................................................................................725
STEPHEN J. LARSON AND ARMAND PICOU

38 Economic Context of Public Procurement ...............................................................737
GUY C. CALLENDER AND DARIN MATTHEWS

39 Offset Policy Design in International Procurement.................................................749
TRAVIS K. TAYLOR

40 Regression Approach for Estimating Procurement Cost ..........................................763
GARY W. MOORE AND EDWARD D. WHITE III

41 Procurement Design: Lessons from Economic Theory and Illustrations
from the Dutch Procurement of Welfare-to-Work Projects .....................................779
SANDER ONDERSTAL AND FLĨRA FELSƯ

Index .................................................................................................................................793

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Preface
This book is a response to the persistent suggestion of Dr. Jack Rabin, former executive editor of
the Public Administration and Public Policy Series. I agreed to undertake this challenging project

several months before Dr. Rabin’s death in late 2006. It is challenging because its scope is extremely
broad.
First, from the perspective of procurement organization, how can a book cover the procurement
systems of all the countries in the world? Should it cover only national government procurement systems? Should it focus on only public procurement systems and practices in industrialized countries
and ignore the same in developing countries? Should it also cover procurement systems of public
international organizations such as the World Bank and its development bank group, the United
Nations, the International Monetary Fund, etc., as these organizations have a pronounced
influence on procurement practices in their client countries?
Second, substantially, public procurement has become a very complex function of government
that handles a great proportion of public expenditures (which reach 70 percent of total government
expenditure, according to numerous World Bank reports) and procurement expenditures (or “spends,”
a term found in numerous reports and publications). Indeed, public procurement is a system that
consists of
■

■

■

■
■

Procurement laws and regulations, procurement organizational structure (central procurement
agencies, procurement offices in user departments)
Procurement processes (from procurement authorization, appropriations to contract formation,
contract administration, etc.)
Procurement methods (invitation to bid or request for bids, request for proposals, request for
quotations, etc.)
Procurement techniques (life-cycle costing, evaluation, negotiations, etc.)
Procurement professionalism and workforce

Third, the public procurement function of government is further complicated when public
procurement, due to the size of its spending, becomes a policy tool that policy makers use to address
social issues (helping minority/women-owned enterprises, and small and medium firms), economic
development (local preferences), and environment protection (green procurement). These policy
concerns have made procurement practices more complicated. Finally, the recent globalization
movement has further complicated public procurement as procurement officials have to comply with
not only national laws and regulations but also to international trade agreements.
Thus, despite its deceptive size, this handbook cannot cover the entire spectrum of international
public procurement. In addition to the broad scope of public procurement, there are other constraints.
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Ⅲ

First, as we all know, public procurement has until recently been a neglected area of research.
Consequently, getting a good number of submitted papers is always a major challenge. Fortunately,
the international network that I have built via the International Public Procurement Conference
and the International Research Study of Public Procurement workshops, including Professors Guy
Callender (Curtin University of Technology, Australia), Christine Harland (University of Bath,
England), Gustavo Piga (University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy), and Jan Telgen (University of
Twente, the Netherlands), has resulted in a good number of chapter proposals and full paper submissions. Second, chapters selected for this book had to be of a very high quality. A number of
submitted chapters covering very meaningful issues failed to clear our rigorous review process.
Finally, I would like to thank the staff of Taylor & Francis for their attention to detail, the

timeliness of their work, and their suggestions throughout the publication process. I am indebted
to Rosalyn Carter, dean, College of Architecture and Urban and Public Affairs, Florida Atlantic
University (FAU), for asking me to manage a new partnership project between FAU and the
National Institute of Governmental Purchasing, Inc. (NIGP). In this partnership, I had a chance
to work with Rick Grimm, chief executive officer, NIGP, to whom I am truly grateful for his belief
that practitioner/academic partnership, and knowledge and innovation sharing elevate public
procurement.
Khi V. Thai

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Editor
Khi V. Thai is a professor at the School of Public Administration, Florida Atlantic University. Professor Thai has taught since 1978 (University of Maine, 1978–1990; and Florida Atlantic University,
1990–present). His expertise is in public budgeting, financial management, and public procurement.
He served as a director of the School of Public Administration at Florida Atlantic University
(1992–1996), and as a founder and former director of the Public Procurement Research Center at
Florida Atlantic University (1999–2007). He organized a variety of training programs, particularly
international training programs, and has provided technical assistance to governments in the United
States and other countries in Africa and Latin America.
He is the editor of three academic journals (Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial
Management, Journal of Public Procurement, and International Journal of Organization Theory and
Behavior); has served on editorial boards of eight academic journals; and has authored/coauthored
and edited/coedited over 100 refereed journal articles, technical reports, book chapters, and journal
symposiums and books. Seven of his twelve books are on public procurement, including Introduction
to Public Procurement (2nd ed.) (2007), Developing and Managing Requests for Proposals in the Public
Sector (2nd ed.) (2008), Economics of Public Procurement (2007), and Advancing Public Procurement:
Practices, Innovation and Knowledge Sharing (2007).

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Contributors
Edgar Agaba, MA, is an executive director and technical advisor of the Ugandan Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Assets Authority. He is a member of the Uganda Bar and has been
involved with the World Bank and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
in projects to strengthen procurement capacity in developing countries.
Alessandro Ancarani, PhD, is an associate professor of managerial engineering, in the economical,
managerial, and valuation engineering section, in the Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering at the University of Catania, Italy. Ancarani’s expertise is in public services sourcing, performance evaluation, service quality, facilities management services procurement, supplier evaluation, and E-public services. He was one of the founders of the managerial engineering program at the
University of Catania, and he is the Italian representative in the management committee of the C18
Cost Action program in the European Commission. He is associate editor of the Journal of Purchasing
and Supply Management and is a reviewer for several international journals; he has authored/
coauthored and edited/coedited over 70 refereed journal articles, book chapters, conference proceedings, and books. Some of the books he has edited are Sourcing Decision Management (2005) and
Performance Evaluation in Public Services (2003). He is member of the IPSERA executive committee.
Teresa Medina Arnáiz is an administrative law professor and public sector coordinator at the Institute of Public Administration, Burgos University, Spain. She has conducted training programs in
data protection, procurement, and E-administration for local and regional governments in Spain.
She has been a visiting researcher at Autonomous University of Bucaramanga, Colombia, at Sheffield
(U.K.) and University of Paris II Pantheon-Assas (France). She is a member of the Alfa network
funded by the European Commission and has participated in several research projects on administration, local government, and procurement. She has authored/coauthored several articles.

Sue Arrowsmith is a professor of public procurement law and director of the Public Procurement
Research Group in the School of Law, University of Nottingham, adjunct professor at Copenhagen
Business School, and a foundation professor of the Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply
(CIPS). Her numerous procurement publications have been extensively cited by courts and legislators in North America, Asia, and Africa as well as Europe. Her authored books include The Law of
Public and Utilities Procurement (Sweet & Maxwell, 2nd ed. 2005); (with Linarelli and Wallace)
Regulating Public Procurement; National and International Perspectives (Kluwer, 2000); and Government Procurement in the WTO (Kluwer, 2003). In 1992, she launched the first international academic procurement journal, Public Procurement Law Review, and she launched the international,
interdisciplinary series of academic/practitioner conferences “Public Procurement: Global Revolution”
in 1996. In 2007, she was awarded the CIPS Swinbank Medal for thought innovation in purchasing
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xx Ⅲ

and supply. She has taught university modules on international procurement since 1995 and presented papers in more than 30 countries. She has been a member since 1997 of the European
Commission’s Advisory Committee for the Opening Up of Public Procurement; is a member of the
UNCITRAL Experts Group on Procurement; and has been a consultant and trainer for inter alia,
the U.K. Office of Government Commerce, WTO, European Commission, OECD, European Central
Bank, ILO, and Law Commission of England and Wales. She is project leader of the European
Commission-funded Asia Link project for developing a global academic network on public procurement regulation.
Elmer Bakker, PhD, is a business analyst at Bath & North East Somerset Council in the United
Kingdom, where he advises on procurement issues. Before this recent move, Elmer worked as a
research officer at the Centre for Research in Strategic Purchasing and Supply (CRiSPS), School of
Management, University of Bath. In this capacity he worked with many public and private sector
organizations on procurement issues, the U.K. National Health Service Purchasing and Supply
Agency, in particular. His research interests have focused on a variety of public procurement issues
such as evidence-based procurement, the professionalization of procurement in the public sector,

collaborative procurement, and E-procurement adoption. He has published several academic articles and book chapters and is a committee member of the U.K. Chartered Institute of Purchasing
and Supply, West of England branch.
Benon Basheka is currently a lecturer and consultant at the Uganda Management Institute, where he
coordinates short and long training programs in procurement and supply chain management. His expertise and research interest are in public procurement, logistics management, research methods, project
management, higher education policy, and organizational behavior. He is a trainer for the Ugandan
Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Assets Authority where he has provided training services in
public procurement to both central and local government stakeholders. He has also provided consultancy
services to a number of private and nonprofit and government organizations in the country.
Phoebe Bolton is an associate professor of law at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa.
She has written extensively on the field of government contracts and government procurement and is
the author of the recently published The Law of Government Procurement in South Africa. She is the
recipient of numerous academic awards, including the Codesria prize for the best doctoral thesis in
Africa in 2006, the Andrew Mellon Foundation fellowship, the Abe Bailey Travel Bursary, and most
recently the DAAD scholarship for young academics and scientists. The latter award is enabling her
to pursue research in Germany on government procurement and the protection of the environment.
Alistair Brandon-Jones, PhD, is a lecturer in operations and supply management at the University
of Bath, United Kingdom. His current research interests are in E-procurement implementation,
service quality, and supply strategy, and he is the U.K. lead member for the International Purchasing
Survey. His teaching expertise is in the areas of operations management, service operations, design and
innovation, and supply chain management. Alistair has published in the International Journal of
Operations & Production Management, Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, and Journal of
Public Procurement, and has contributed to the fourth and fifth editions of Operations Management
by Slack, Chambers, and Johnston.
Giuseppe Bruno is an associate professor of operational research, Department of Business and
Managerial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Italy. His research interests lie mainly in the

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fields of location and transportation planning, network design, logistics, and multicriteria analysis.
He is associated with many national and international research institutes (National Research Council
[CNR], Naples, Italy; Centre de Recherche sur le Transports, Montreal, Canada). Currently, he is the
chair of the Italian Operation Research Society for Campania. He has authored several books and
published papers in national and international journals.
William A. Buehring is a senior consultant at the Decision and Information Sciences Division,
Argonne National Laboratory, where he served as a member of the technical staff from 1977 to
2000. His expertise is in critical infrastructure analysis, decision analysis applications, and energy
systems analysis. He has served as a senior staffer at the President’s Commission on Critical
Infrastructure Protection (1996–1997) and has recently been involved in critical infrastructure protection in support of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. He has authored over 80 publications, including journal articles, book contributions, international guide books, reports, and
conference papers.
Nigel Caldwell is a research fellow, Centre for Research in Strategic Purchasing and Supply,
University of Bath, United Kingdom. He gained practical experience by working in the automotive
industry. His research includes emergency ambulance services, PFI in hospital construction and in
military aerospace, transformation of organizations into service-based business models because of
their major products, ensuring continual innnovation in established relationships and the risks
involved, and asset management support and creation and maintenance of contestable markets
with the help of new technologies. He has authored/coauthored several refereed articles, is editor of
Procuring Complex Performance (forthcoming), and serves on the editorial board of the Journal
of Purchasing and Supply Management. His coauthored paper won the best paper prize at the inaugural
International Public Procurement Conference in 2004, Florida.
Guy C. Callender is a professor and chair of leadership in strategic procurement, Curtin Business
School, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia. Callender has had careers in banking
and finance, tertiary education, and the building industry before joining the University of Technology, Sydney (1991–2002), and Curtin University of Technology (2002–present). His expertise is in
accounting, organizational behavior, and procurement. He is the principal of the Asia-Pacific

Procurement Research Group at Curtin University of Technology. He is the editor of the Journal of
Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, and serves on the editorial board of several journals. He is an active author of refereed journal articles, technical reports, books, book chapters, and
monographs, and is a member of the Research Committee of the National Institute of Governmental Purchasing, Inc. In 2007, Guy was appointed a fellow of the Chartered Institute of Purchasing
and Supply.
Charles H. Coates, Jr. served in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers from 1957 to 1978 in a variety
of staff, engineering, and command positions, and entered private consulting civil engineering
practice in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, until retirement in 1997. He possesses a wide range of experience in the construction and design of roadways, waterways, wastewater, transportation, and other
areas, including engineering management. His main interest is in forensic engineering.
Simon Croom, CIPS research fellow, is executive director and professor of supply chain management at the University of San Diego, California. His research interests include E-business, strategic
management, and supply chain management.

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Csaba Csáki is a lecturer at the University College Cork, Ireland, where he is also a PhD candidate. He
worked for Bell Northern Research as a senior research analyst and development manager (1993–
2000). He worked as a research fellow at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics,
Hungary, from 2001 to 2007. His recent research interest covers decision methodologies and decision
support systems, with a special focus on how the changing regulatory environment—mainly changes
to the laws of public procurement—affects the decision-making practice of large organizations. He has
organized various vocational training programs in Hungary. He is a regular reviewer for journals, a
guest editor for an issue of the Journal of Decision Systems, a member of the International Research
Study of Public Procurement workshops program and of the Decision Support Systems Working
Group of the International Federation of Information Processing (IFIP WG 8.3). He regularly presents
papers at major conferences in the areas of both decision support and public procurement.
Donald R. Deis is the Ennis and Virginia Joslin endowed chair in accounting and interim chair of

the accounting and business law department, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi. He has previously taught at Louisiana State University and at the University of Missouri, Columbia. He served
as president of the government and nonprofit section of the American Accounting Association
(2001–2002), as a member of the AICPA’s Government Performance and Accountability Committee (2003–2007), and as a member of the PCAOB task force on audit firm quality standards
(2006–2007). He is on the editorial board of five journals and has authored/coauthored more than
50 refereed articles. His research interests include privatization of government services, audit quality,
and auditor independence.
Ken Dooley recently retired from full-time employment after 32 years as a lecturer and senior lecturer in operations research at the Central Queensland University (CQU). He is now involved in
consulting for manufacturing companies and in various research and education activities at a number of other Australian universities including Queensland University of Technology, University of
Western Australia, Swinburne University, and University of Wollongong. In the last five years with
CQU he managed two major projects—developing, setting up, and implementing a major development and training program for Queensland Purchasing, and the accreditation of the CQU
degree in purchasing and materials management with the Chartered Institute of Purchasing and
Supply. Recent publications include papers presented at various national and international professional conferences.
Sandra Dorobek is a PhD candidate and a research assistant at the Institute for Law and Management
of Public Procurement at the Bundeswehr University, Munich. She graduated in national economics
at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich. Her research focus is on public supply chain
management.
Emilio Esposito is chair of the managerial engineering degree council and full professor of business
economics and organization at the Department of Business and Managerial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Italy. His current research includes technology evaluation, ICT adoption
and diffusion, technological evolution in the ICT industry, competition and collaboration among
firms, technological relationships between large and small firms, customer–supplier relationships,
E-procurement, and E-government. He is the author of more than 150 papers and books. His
research has been published in several journals (French, German, English, and Italian ) including the
European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, International Journal of Globalisation and
Small Business, International Journal of Logistics, Research and Applications, Internationales Gewerbearchiv,

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Enterprise & Innovation Management Journal, Revue Internationale PME, Small Business, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, and Technovation.
Michael Essig is a professor and chair for materials management and distribution as well as codirector
of the Institute for Law and Management of Public Procurement at the Bundeswehr University,
Munich. His main research interests are strategic supply management, supply networks, supply chain
management, public procurement, and economic theory, especially new institutional economics. For
his dissertation, he received the Hans Ovelgönne Scientific Award of the German Purchasing Association
(BME). Michael Essig serves on the review board of the Journal of Supply Chain Management, the Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, and for
the Research College of the Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply (CIPS). He is the coeditor of
the leading German scientific logistics journal Logistik Management, a member of the scientific
boards of the German Purchasing Association and of the European Defence Public Private Partnership
Association, and a member of the scientific committee of the Austrian Ministry of Defence.
Flóra Felsư is a PhD candidate at the University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. She has worked
as a researcher at SEO Economic Research (1998–2008) where she has been involved in contract
research in the field of competition and regulation. She has published book chapters on the law and
economics of procurements, on disclosure limitation methods, and on the liberalization of postal
services.
Cao Fuguo is a professor of law at Law School, Central University of Finance and Economics
(CUFE), Beijing, China, and director, the International Research Center for Law and Economics, China
Public Procurement Research Group, and the EU Asia-link Program on public procurement regulation at CUFE. He is an expert group member and a Chinese delegate to the working group with
respect to the revision of the UNCITRAL Model Law on Government Procurement and also a
World Bank expert with respect to Chinese procurement law reforms. He is a member of the expert
group of the Chinese Public Procurement Journal and of the editorial board of the U.K.-based Public
Procurement Law Review. Cao is an expert on Chinese bidding law, Chinese government procurement
law, law and policy in private finance in infrastructure and utilities, international government
procurement laws (such as WTO-GPA), corporate law, and government contract law. He has directed
and has been directing about ten research projects awarded by international and domestic institutions

with respect to different areas of government procurement law. His publications include Government
Procurement Regulation: International Standards and Practice (1998), Theory and Practice of Chinese
Bidding Law (2002), Annotation to the Chinese Government Procurement Law (2002), and Corporate
Governance and Minority Shareholder Protection (2006). He has also published more than 30 articles in
leading journals such as China Jurisprudence, Legal Science, and Public Procurement Law Review.
Péter Gelléri has a PhD in psychology and is a scientific advisor at Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. He is the founder of an MA program in decision support, a cooperation
among several EU universities (University College Cork, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6,
and Corvinus University of Budapest), and is working for its realization. He is also the founder
and head of the department of information and knowledge management, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics (BUTE), Hungary (1991–2006). He was the founder and leader of a
public procurement manager vocational education program (2003–2006); head of the UNODC
working group “The Sociological Mass-Media Aspects of Anticorruption Efforts in Hungary”
(2003); founder and director of the research center for financial informatics (BUTE, 1999–2005);

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and vice head of the department of sociology (BUTE, 1985–1991). He has a series of technical
patents (software and know-how) with applications mainly in the fields of public–private partnership
and public procurement. He has been a cofounder and chief executing officer of a few university
spin-off companies, with activities in the decision support systems development industry and
consulting in the field of public procurement. His publications are mainly in the field of decision
support systems. He is a member of the editorial board of the upcoming Encyclopedia of Decision
Making and Decision Support Technologies.
Elizabeth Gibson has several years of management experience in the information technology industry,
including responsible positions in engineering, project management, procurement, and international

sourcing. As a consultant she has focused on business process reengineering, database development, and
E-business. Elizabeth has served as an instructor for Portland Community College, the University
of Phoenix, and the Northwest College of Construction.
Diane L. Gilbert is a procurement consultant. Her research interest is in the areas of public sector
reform and governance.
Andreas Glas is a PhD candidate and a research assistant at the School of Business Administration
at the Bundeswehr University, Munich. His research focus is on public procurement.
Francine Holloway is a senior contracts officer and the team leader for the office of technology
team of the World Bank Group, where she is responsible for purchasing hardware and software and
leading electronic commerce initiatives.
P. Fraser Johnson is an associate professor at the Richard Ivey School of Business, University of
Western Ontario, Canada, where he teaches purchasing and supply, and logistics and operations.
Before accepting a faculty position, Fraser worked in the automotive parts industry where he held
a number of senior management positions in both finance and operations. Professor Johnson is an
active researcher in the areas of purchasing and supply chain management and he is the author of
several articles that have been published in a wide variety of journals and magazines. Fraser is a
member of ISM’s education resources committee, currently is an associate editor for the Journal of
Supply Chain Management, and sits on the editorial advisory board for the International Journal of
Logistics Management and the editorial review board for the Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management. Professor Johnson’s textbook, Purchasing and Supply Management (with Michiel Leenders,
Harold Fearon, and Anna Flynn), published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin, is now in its thirteenth edition.
In recognition of his ongoing research in purchasing, Dr. Johnson was awarded the ISM’s senior
research fellowship in 1999.
David S. Jones is an associate professor, Department of Public Policy and Administration, Faculty of Business, Economics, and Policy Studies, University of Brunei. His research interests
include public sector reform, public financial management, government procurement, and land
policy and administration. Previously, he held various academic posts in Singapore and elsewhere. These include associate professor, Department of Political Science, National University of
Singapore; adjunct professor, School of Economics, Singapore Management University; and local
director in Singapore for the masters in public administration program conducted by the Australian
National University. He has published numerous articles in international journals in his fields of
expertise, and essays in edited collections, as well as a book on land reform in Ireland. He has also

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