TIENGANH12-CĐ-VOCABULARY+READING+TEST UNIT10

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VOCABULARY 1

Vocabulary

STT Từ vựng Từ

loại

Phiên âm Nghĩa

1 vegetarianism n / ˌvedʒɪˈteəriənɪzəm / chủ nghĩa ăn chay

2 invaluable
valuable
valueless

a
a
a

/ ɪnˈvỉljəbəl̩ /
/ ˈvỉljəbəl /
/ ˈvỉljuːləs /

vơ giá

có giá trị, đáng giá
khơng có giá trị

3 cuisine n / kwɪˈziːn / phong cách nấu ăn

4 command n / kəˈmɑːnd / lệnh, chỉ thị

5 theft n / θeft / sự trộm cắp

6 confess v / kənˈfes / thú nhận

7 tackle v / ˈtỉkəl̩ / xử trí, giải quyết

8 heritage n / ˈherɪtɪdʒ / tài sản thừa kế

9 monument n / ˈmɒnjəmənt / đài kỉ niệm

10 archaeological
archaeology

a
n

/ ˌɑːkiəˈlɒdʒɪkəl /

/ ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒi / thuộc khảo cổ họckhảo cổ học

11 landscape n / ˈlændskeɪp / phong cảnh

12 reckless a / ˈrekləs / thiếu cẩn trọng

13 generosity n / ˌdʒenəˈrɒsəti / sự rộng lượng

14 recovery n / rɪˈkʌvəri / sự bình phục

15 survival n / səˈvaɪvəl̩ / sự sinh tồn

16 analyze
analysis
analytical
analytics

v
n
a
n

/ ˈænəlaɪz /
/ əˈnæləsɪs /
/ ˌỉnəˈlɪtɪkəl /

/ ˌỉnəlˈɪtɪks /

phân tích
sự phân tích
thuộc phân tích

mơn giải tích, tích phân

17 vision n / ˈvɪʒən/ tầm nhìn, thị lực

18 prospect n / prɒspekt / sự triển vọng

19 scenario n / sɪˈnɑːrɪəʊ / viễn cảnh

20 diverse

diversify
diversity

a
v
n

/ daɪˈvɜːs /
/ daɪˈvɜːsɪfaɪ /

/ daɪˈvɜːsɪti /

đa dạng
đa dạng hóa
sự đa dạng

21 conjure v / ˈkʌndʒər / làm phép, làm trò ảo thuật

22 delude v / dɪˈluːd / đánh lừa

23 possibly adv / ˈpɒsəbli / có thể

24 likely adv / ˈlaɪkli / có thể xảy ra, có khả năng

25 certainly adv / ˈsɜːtənli / một cách chắc chắn

26 potentially adv / pəˈtenʃəli / một cách tiềm tàng, tiềm ẩn

27 commitment n / kəˈmɪtmənt / sự tận tụy, sự tận tâm

28 cloak n / kləʊk / áo khốc hoặc áo chồng (khơng
có tay áo)

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30 telecommunication n / ˌtelɪkəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/ viễn thông

31 drone n / drəʊn / máy bay không người lái

32 commitment n / kəˈmɪtmənt / sự tận tụy, tận tâm, lời cam kết

33 obligation n / ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃn̩ / nghĩa vụ, bổn phận

34 assignment n / əˈsaɪnmənt / sự phân công công việc

35 stylish
style
stylishly
stylistic
stylistically
stylist
a
n
adv
a
adv
n
/ ˈstaɪlɪʃ
/ staɪl /
/ ˈstaɪlɪʃli /

/ staɪˈlɪstɪk /
/ staɪˈlɪstɪkəl̩i /

/ ˈstaɪlɪst /

đặc sắc, hợp thời trang
phong cách

một cách đặc sắc, hợp thời trang

thc văn phong, có phong cách nghệ thuật
một cách có nghệ thuật

người có phong cách khác biệt, nhà tạo mẫu

36 advertisement
advertising
advertiser
n
n
n

/ ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt /
/ ˈỉdvətaɪzɪŋ /
/ ˈỉdvətaɪzər /

bài quảng cáo
sự quảng cáo
cơng ty quảng cáo

37 interval n / ˈɪntəvəl̩ / khoảng, quãng (thời gian...)

38 interruption n /. ˌɪntəˈrʌpʃən̩ / sự gián đoạn, sự ngắt quãng

39 entirely adv / ɪnˈtaɪəli / một cách trọn vẹn

40 barely adv / ˈbeəli / vừa mới, vừa đủ

41 scarcely adv / ˈskeəsli / chắc là không

42 virtually adv / ˈvɜːtʃuəli / hầu như, gần như

43 genuinely adv / ˈdʒenjuɪnli / một cách thành thật và chân thành

44 cautious 
caution
cautiously
a
n
adv

/ ˈkɔːʃəs /
/ ˈkɔːʃn̩ /
/ ˈkɔːʃəsli /

thận trọng, cẩn trọng
lời cảnh báo, sự cẩn trọng
một cách thận trọng

45 vigorous a / ˈvɪɡərəs / mạnh mẽ, đầy sinh lực

46 coverage n / ˈkʌvərɪdʒ ^/ sự tường thuật, sự đưa tin

47 prosperous a / ˈprɒspərəs / thịnh vượng

48 warm-hearted
light-hearted
whole-hearted
big-hearted
a
a
a
a

/ ˌwɔːmˈhɑːtɪd /
/ ˌlaɪtˈhɑːtɪd /
/ ˌhəʊlˈhɑːtɪd /

/ ˌbɪgˈhɑːtɪd /

nhiệt tâm, tốt bụng
vô tư, thư thái toàn
tâm, toàn ý

rộng lượng, hào hiệp

49 appreciative
appreciable
appreciation
appreciate

a
a
a
v

/ əˈpriːʃətɪv /
/ əˈpriːʃəbəl̩ /
/ əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃən̩ /

/ əˈpriːʃieɪt /

biết đánh giá, biết thưởng thức
có thể đánh giá được

sự đánh giá
đánh giá
50 productively
production
product
producer
productivity
productive
adv
n
n
n
n
a

/ prəˈdʌktɪvli /

/ prəˈdʌkʃən̩ /

/ ˈprɒdʌkt /
/ prəˈdʒuːsər /
/ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti /

/ prəˈdʌktɪv /

sản sinh nhiều, hiệu quả
sự sản xuất

sản phẩm
nhà sản xuất
năng suất

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Structures

STT Cấu trúc - Cụm từ Nghĩa

1 to the extent đến mức

2 hard of hearing kém tai, khó nghe, lặng tai

3 have an impressive command of st giỏi làm việc gì

4 bring about gây ra, đem lại

5 count in hoạt động cùng ai

6 turn up = show up = arrive xuất hiện

7 undergo a transformation thay đổi

8 in broad daylight rõ như ban ngày

9 to clear one's name xoá tội cho ai

10 have/keep st up one's sleeve giữ bí mật đến phút cuối

11 catch sb red-handed bắt quả tang

12 hand down lưu truyền

13 land on hạ cánh

14 pass by thông qua

15 in danger of = at risk of có nguy cơ bị làm sao

16 on the edge of bên bờ vực (nguy hiểm)

17 for ease of để mà dễ

18 specialise in st chuyên sâu vào cái gì

19 focus on tập trung vào

20 break the bank chi tiêu/tiêu xài hết sạch tiền

21 tie the knot = get married kết hôn

22 turn the page chuyển sang giai đoạn mới của cuộc đời

23 make ends meet kiếm đủ tiền để sống, không mắc nợ, hay là cân đối
được số thu và số chi

24 take advantage of tận dụng

25 make use of lợi dụng

26 put out of đưa ra khỏi
get out of bỏ ra khỏi
make out of từ bỏ

run out of hết

27 a long face mặt buồn thượt, chán nản, buồn xỉu

28 do business kinh doanh

29 do/try one's best (to do st) cố gắng hết sức (để làm gì)

30 make matters worse khiến vấn đề tồi tệ hơn

31 bear no relation to không liên quan

32 take sb under one's wing bảo vệ, chăm sóc ai

33 catch on with sb thịnh hành, phổ biến

34 blow off the responsibility rũ bỏ trách nhiệm

35 pay sb a visit = visit sb ghé thăm ai

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37 the brink of collapse trên bờ vực phá sản

38 come into ( st ) được thừa hưởng, thừa kế cái gì
come over ghé qua

come to đến với

come through đi qua

39 turn up = show up = arrive xuất hiện
bring down đánh bại

put on mặc cái gì và, làm ra hay diễn một vở kịch
make off vội vã đi trốn

40 catch sight of st/ sb bắt gặp ai/ cái gì

41 (buy) a pig in a poke mua một cái gì mà khơng suy nghĩ kỹ, mua vô tội
vạ

42 eager beaver người làm việc nhiệt tình, chăm chỉ

43 be attracted by st bị cái gì thu hút, hấp dẫn

44 be obliged by st bắt buộc

45 old hand người có nhiều kinh nghiệm và kỹ năng trong một
hoạt động cụ thể

46 rank and file nhân viên bình thường trong tổ chức

47 fight tooth and nail cố gắng để đạt được điều mình muốn

EXERCISE: Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1: Since the 1960s vegetarianism's popularity has increased greatly, to the______ that high

street stores stock a wide variety of products for vegetarians.

A. extent B. distance C. length D. measure

Question 2: If you are______ of hearing, these hearing aids will be invaluable.

A. poor B. weak C. hard D. short

Question 3: Jenny has an______ command of Japanese cuisine.

A. intensive B. utter C. impressive D. extreme

Question 4: The new airport has______ a lot of changes on this island.

A. brought about B. taken to C. counted in D. turned up

Question 5: The way in which we work has______ a complete transformation in the past decade.

A. undiscovered B. undertaken C. undergone D. underdone

Question 6: He was accused to theft, but then he______ as the real thief confessed to the police.

A. appeared in broad daylight B. cleared his name

C. kept it up his sleeve D. caught himself red-handed

Question 7: The government has made a big effort to tackle the two most important______ issues of

our country.

A. society B. socialize C. sociable D. social

Question 8: Xoan singing is a vocal art of villages in the ancestral land of Phu Tho. It has

been______ for generations and the oral tradition is still very much alive today.

A. handed down B. landed on C. passed by D. taken over

Question 9: The latest heritage at risk register revealed that 5,831 listed buildings, monuments,

archaeological sites, and landscapes in England are at______ of being lost.

A. edge B. risk C. ease D. danger

Question 10: Next year, I have to decide which area of medicine I want to______ in.

A. focus B. hand C. specialize D. come

Question 11: We need______ actions and interventions of the local authorities to prevent national

parks from being destroyed by pollution.

A. timely B. excitedly C. reckless D. threateningly

Question 12: After a six-year relation, Martha and Billy have decided to______ .

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Question 13: Being helpful is good, but don't allow others to______ advantage of your generosity.

A. get B. take C. use D. make

Question 14: Peter lost the race because he______ petrol on the last lap.

A. put out of B. got out of C. made out of D. ran out of

Question 15: One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with

the______ of dinosaurs and many other forms of life.

A. recovery B. survival C. death D. change

Question 16: You looked exhausted. I think you've______ more than you can handle.

A. taken up B. turned up C. turned on D. taken on

Question 17: We also use a great______ of water daily in our homes, in factories, and in power stations.

A. number B. measure C. quality D. amount

Question 18: Her classmates admire her so much because she has a clear______ mind.

A. analyze B. analysis C. analytical D. analytics

Question 19: My uncle left his job because he did not have______ of promotion.

A. visions B. prospects C. scenarios D. posts

Question 20: I gave the waiter a $50 note and waited for my______ .

A. supply B. change C. cost D. cash

Question 21: Jim usually looks happy, but today he has a long______ . He must have had a quarrel

with his best friend.

A. face B. expression C. chin D. nose

Question 22: Some food that are good______ of nutrition include fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

A. origins B. sources C. resources D. causes

Question 23: Some people lose control of their finances spending more than they should end up not

being able to ______ . So they end up in debt and have difficulty in paying it back.

A. do business B. do their best C. make matters worse D. make ends meet

Question 24: Many countries' cultural _____ is a result of taking in immigrants from all over the world.

A. diverse B. diversified C. diversify D. diversity

Question 25: His speech______ little or no relation to the topic given.

A. was B. reflected C. gave D. bore

Question 26: Any candidates caught______ in the examination will be disqualified.

A. cheating B. deceiving C. conjuring D. deluding

Question 27: When he woke up, he realized that the things he had dreamt about could not______

have happened.

A. possibly B. likely C. certainly D. potentially

Question 28: Katie O'Donovan, public policy manager at Google UK, said the company had shown its

______ to protecting children by developing its resources - such as an online safety course has been
taught to 40,000 schoolchildren.

A. interest B. keenness C. enthusiasm D. commitment

Question 29: The United States and China have______ a deal that allows the Chinese

telecommunications giant ZTE to stay in business in exchange for paying an additional $1 billion in
fines and agreeing to let US regulators monitor its operations.

A. reached B. solved C. passed D. come

Question 30: The head teacher has asked me to take the new boy under my______ and look after him.

A. sleeves B. arm C. wing D. cloak

Question 31: Drone racing is an exciting new sport that has become popular faster than______ other

sports before it.

A. no B. none C. neither D. not

Question 3 2: The online game "Dumb ways to die" quickly______ with young people after being

released in 2013.

A. took on B. caught up C. caught on D. took up

Question 33: He looks for any excuse he can to blow off his______ to do housework.

A. commitment B. obligation C. assignment D. responsibility

Question 34: It is hardly possible to______ the right decision all the time.

A. do B. arrive C. make D. take

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A. stylish B. stylishly C. stylistic D. stylistically

Question 36: Students can______ a lot of information just by attending class and taking good notes of

the lectures.

A. absorb B. provide C. transmit D. read

Question 37: Make sure you______ us a visit when you are in town again.

A. give B. do C. pay D. have

Question 38: The play lasted two hours with a/ an______ of 15 minutes between part one and part two.

A. interval B. pause C. stop D. interruption

Question 39: When he went to Egypt, he knew______ no Arabic, but within 6 months he had become

extremely fluent.

A. entirely B. barely C. scarcely D. virtually

Question 40:______ are that stock price will go up in the coming months.

A. Conditions B. Opportunities C. Possibilities D. Chances

Question 41: After graduation, she found______ with a local travel company in Ninh Binh.

A. career B. workplace C. service D. employment

Question 42: They exchanged letters for 15 years, but they never______ met in person.

A. truly B. actually C. positively D. genuinely

Question 43: In order to______ your goals, you need to invest the maximum amount of time, effort

and energy in your studies.

A. manage B. achieve C. catch D. establish

Question 44: Peter______ opened the door of cellar, wondering what he might find.

A. cautious B. cautiously C. cautional D. cautionally

Question 45: Although they tried to hide it, it was______ that they didn't like their unwelcome guest.

A. foolish B. basic C. obvious D. vigorous

Question 46: Larry was so______ in his novel that he forgot about his dinner cooking in the oven.

A. absorbed B. attracted C. drawn D. obliged

Question 47: Some people feel that television should give less______ to sport.

A. programmers B. coverage C. concern D. involvement

Question 48: I don't like John. His______ complaints make me angry.

A. continual B continuous C. continuation D. continuously

Question 49: Poor management brought the company to______ of collapse.

A. the edge B. the foot C. the ring D the brink

Question 50: As a result of his father's death, he______ a lot of money.

A. came into B. came over C. came to D. came through

Question 51: The school drama club is______ a play for the school's anniversary, which is due to

take place next month.

A. turning up B. bringing down C. putting on D. making off

Question 52: The world's biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate, which makes wildlife______.

A. prosperous B. perfect C. vulnerable D. remained

Question 53: I caught______ of a lion lying under the tree, and my heart jumped.

A view B. sight C. look D. scene

Question 54: The students' plan for a musical show to raise money for charity received______

support from the school administrators.

A. warm-hearted B. light-hearted C. whole-hearted D. big-hearted

Question 55: I don't feel like buying a______ in a poke; we'd better check the content.

A. ox B. pig C. buffalo D. cattle

Question 56: I don't know what it______ to be as popular with girls as my brother is.

A. uses B. takes C. demands D. expects

Question 57: I was most______ of his efforts to help me during the crisis.

A. appreciative B. appreciable C. appreciation D. appreciate

Question 58: TV advertising in the late afternoon tends to______ young children.

A. aim B. point C. focus D. target

Question 59: Why don't you just say you______ calling him a fool and make things up?

A. pity B. mercy C. sorry D. regret

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VOCABULARY 2

Vocabulary

STT Từ vựng Từ

loại Phiên âm Nghĩa

1 rolling a /ˈrəʊlɪŋ / lăn, trôi qua

2 community n /kəˈmjuːnəti / cộng đồng

3 paperback n /ˈpeɪpəbæk / bìa sách.

4 mortgage n /ˈmɔːɡɪdʒ / tiền thế chấp

5 vacancy n /ˈveɪkənsi / chỗ trống, chỗ khuyết

6 sympathetic a /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk / đồng cảm

7 discourage v / dɪˈskʌrɪdʒ / làm nản lòng

8 promotion n / prəˈməʊʃən̩ / sự thăng chức, sự đề bạt

9 cottage n / ˈkɒtɪdʒ / nhà tranh

10 hotly-contested a / ˈhɒtliˈkɒntestɪd / thi đấu quyết liệt, nảy lửa

11 continuation
continuity
continual
continuous
n
n
a
a
/kənˌtɪnjuˈeɪʃən̩ /
/ˌkɒntɪˈnjuːəti /

/ kənˈtɪnjuəl /
/ kənˈtɪnjuəs /

sự tiếp tục

sự liên tục, sự liên tiếp
liên miên, triền miên
liên tục không ngừng

12 open - minded

kind - hearted
narrow - minded
absent - minded

a
a
a
a

/ ˌəʊpənˈmaɪndɪd /
/ ˌkaɪndˈhɑ:tɪd /
/ ˌnærəʊˈmaɪndɪd /
/ ỉbsentˈmaɪndɪd /

cởi mở, phóng khống
tốt bụng, có lịng tốt
hẹp hịi, nhỏ nhen
đãng trí

13 self- controlled a / ˌselfkənˈtrəʊld / tỏ ra tự chủ

14 directory
direction
director
n
n
n

/ dɪˈrektəri /
/ dɪˈrekʃən̩ /

/ dɪˈrektər /

danh bạ

sự hướng dẫn, chỉ đường
giám đốc, nguời điều khiển

15 valid a / ˈvỉlɪd / có hiệu lực

16 artificial a / ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl̩ / nhân tạo

17 self - opinionated a / ˌselfəˈpɪnjəneɪtɪd / bảo thủ, cố chấp

18 self - dominated a / ˌselfˈdɒmɪneɪtɪd / ra vẻ mình là người lãnh đạo

19 assert v / əˈsɜːt / khẳng định, xác nhận

20 structural a / ˈstrʌktʃərəl / thuộc cấu trúc

21 bias n / ˈbaɪəs / sự thiên về, nghiêng về

22 deep-seated a / ˌdiːpˈsiːtɪd / sâu kín, thầm kín

23 circulation n / ˌsɜːkjəˈleɪʃən / sự lưu hành, sự lưu thông

24 expansive a / ɪkˈspỉnsɪv / có tính cởi mở, mở rộng

25 novelty n / ˈnɒvəlti / tính mới lạ

26 short-sighted

far-sighted
single-minded
single -handed
a
a
a
a

/ ʃɔːtˈsaɪtɪd /
/ ˌfɑːˈsaɪtɪd /
/ ˌsɪŋɡəlˈmaɪndɪd /
/ ˌsɪŋgəlˈhỉndɪd /

thiến cận, cái nhìn hạn chế nhìn xa
trơng rộng

ngay thẳng, chân thật
một mình, đơn độc

27 allege v / əˈledʒ / viện cớ, viện lẽ

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29 manipulate v / məˈnɪpjəleɪt / thao tác, vận hành

30 acquitted a / əˈkwɪtɪd / trắng án, khơng có tội

31 sovereignty n / ˈsɒvrɪnti / quyền tối cao

32 framer n / ˈfreɪmə / bộ tạo khung

33 declaration n / ˌdekləˈreɪʃən̩ / sự tuyên bố, lời tuyên bố

34 ingratiate v / ɪnˈɡreɪʃɪ:eɪt / nịnh nọt lấy lịng

35 gratify v / ˈɡrỉtɪfaɪ / làm hài lòng, chiều lòng

36 commend v / kəˈmend / khen ngợi, ca ngợi

37 water-proof a / ˈwɔ:təpruːf / không thấm nước

38 snow-white a / ˌsnəʊˈwaɪt / trắng như tuyết

39 semi-final a / ˌsemiˈfaɪnəl̩ / bán kết

40 airtight a / ˈeətaɪt / kín hơi

41 allowance n / əˈlaʊəns / sự cho phép
Structures

STT Cấu trúc - Cụm từ Nghĩa

1 the cutting edge (of st): giai đoạn mới nhất, tiên tiến nhất trong sự phát triển của một cái gì đó

2 make off with ăn cắp

run out of hết

lose out on không lấy được thứ mà bạn muốn

go through with làm những việc cần thiết để hồn thành một q
trình

3 lend an ear (to sb/ st) lắng nghe một cách kiên nhẫn và thơng cảm với ai
đó

4 accept one's deepest/ warmest/ heartiest congratulations on/ upon: đón nhận sự chúc mừng nồng
nhiệt nhất của ai nhân dịp gì

5 in due course vào một lúc nào đó trong tương lai.

6 go through st kiểm tra kĩ; trải qua việc gì đó
go down with st bị ốm, mắc bệnh

come in for with st chịu đựng cái gì

come up against st giải quyết, vượt qua khó khăn

7 pursue one's interest theo đuổi đam mê, sở thích

8 odds and ends những thứ linh tinh vụn vặt, không quan trọng (đồ
vật) xây xước, tổn hại do được dùng hằng ngày
wear and tear hao mòn tự nhiên

white lie lời nói dối vơ hại

9 emerge as st được biết đến là

10 take action giải quyết vấn đề, bắt tay vào giải quyết

11 take effect phát huy tác dụng

12 get on one's mind nghĩ gì, suy nghĩ trong đầu

13 get down to st
get off

get on

bắt tay vào làm việc
xuống xe

đi lên (xe buýt, tàu hỏa, ngựa...)

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come up xảy ra

come over bỗng dưng cảm thấy
come up with tìm ra, nghĩ ra

15 have a feeling có linh cảm, cảm giác

16 dispose of st = to get rid of st: vứt bỏ (rác thải)

17 part with st = give st to sb else, especially st that you would prefer to keep: cho ai món gì mà ta
u thích

18 a wide range/variety of st: nhiều loại khác nhau

19 pay off trả nợ

20 give in đầu hàng

21 get st over (to sb) = make st clear (to sb); làm cho ai rõ điều gì

22 at long time sau một thời gian dài
down the years trong quá khứ
in the event = when the situation actually

happened vào lúc xảy ra điều gì
in the long run = down the road trong tương lai xa

23 refuse + to V

deny + V-ing/ deny + that + mệnh dề

từ chối, khước từ, cự tuyệt làm gì
phủ nhận làm gì

object + to + V-ing
reject + N

phản đối, chống, chống đối
loại ra, bỏ ra; đánh hỏng

24 resort to st phải động đến ai, dùng tới ai/ cái gì

25 wear off dần biến mất hoặc dừng lại
turn out trở nên, hóa ra

doing without (sb/ st) cố gắng xoay sở mà khơng có (ai/ cái gì)

fade in trở nên rõ ràng hơn hoặc to hơn (hoặc ngược lại)

26 It never entered one's head that... = I never
thought that...

tôi chưa bao giờ nghĩ rằng, biết rằng

27 overlook one's mistake bỏ qua, tha thứ cho lỗi lầm của ai

28 look sb up thăm, liên lạc với ai (sau một thời gian dài)
take sb off copy giọng nói, cử chỉ hoặc hành động của ai đó

một cách rất buồn cười
send sb off đuổi ra khỏi sân (thi đấu)

call sb up gọi điện, gọi vào đội tuyển quốc gia (thể thao), gọi
nhập ngũ.

29 put (st) into practice đưa cái gì vào thực tiễn

30 come to the fore/ be to the fore/ be at the fore: giữ địa vị lãnh đạo, đóng vai trị quan trọng, trở
nên quan trọng và được mọi người chú ý

31 ingratiate oneself with sb
commend sb for/ on st/ doing st

làm cho ai đó mến mình
khen ngợi ai đó

32 make a statement
make reference to st

khẳng định, thể hiện quan điểm hay tính cách
nói đến, nhắc đến việc gì đó

33 the extent of the damage mức độ thiệt hại

34 on the grounds vì lí do

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EXERCISE: Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1: The university campus is like one big village where thousands of students live, work and

relax surrounded by rolling green fields. It is the centre of the student______ in all its variety.
A. society B. company C. community D. connection

Question 2: Our firm is so successful because it is at the cutting______ of computer technology.

A. fringe B. limit C. verge D. edge

Question 3: What will happen when the world______ oil?

A. makes off with B. runs out of C. loses out on D. goes through with

Question 4: If you are interested in applying for the vacancy, send in your______ .

A. mortgage B. paperback C. notice D. resume

Question 5: Jane is a sympathetic listener. She lent me a (n)______ when I lost my job.

A. eye B. ear C. mouth D. mind

Question 6:______ school fees may discourage many students from attending university.

A. Raising B. Improving C. Gaining D. Receiving

Question 7: Please accept our______ congratulations on your promotion!

A. finest B. warmest C. dearest D. best

Question 8: They've bought a holiday cottage near the sea, and in______ course they plan to move

there permanently.

A. future B. due C. coming D. intended

Question 9: She should have been here but she's______ chicken flu.

A. gone through with B. gone down with C. come in for D. come against

Question 10: Part-time jobs give us the freedom to______ our own interest.

A. pursue B. chase C. seek D. catch

Question 11: I won't buy that car because it has too much______ on it.

A. ups and downs B. odds and ends C. wear and tear D. white lie

Question 12: After a______ match, the team from Chia emerged as the winner.

A. hotly-contested B. hot-contested C. hotly-compete D. hot-competed

Question 13: Although she was______ , she agreed to give me a hand with the clean-up.

A. tiredness B. tired C. tiring D. tiresome

Question 14: Create a new______ and put all your files into it.

A. directory B. direction C. director D. directing

Question 15: Applicants must hold a(n)-______ driving license.

A. artificial B. faithful C. false D. valid

Question 16: As the drug took______ the patient became unconscious.

A. effect B. force C. influence D. action

Question 17: You're very quiet today. What have you got on your______ ?

A. spirit B. attention C. mind D. brain

Question 18: I don't have time to argue with this self -______ women.

A. controlled B. dominated C. opinionated D. liked

Question 19: The professor scheduled two student appointments for the same time. He was so______ .

A. open - minded B. kind - hearted C. narrow - minded D. absent - minded

Question 20: What chemical is this? It's______ a horrible smell.

A. giving over B. giving off C. giving down D. giving up

Question 21: It's time I______ thinking about that essay.

A. got down to B. got off C. got on D. got down with

Question 22: I think you are______ your time looking for a job in this town. There's not much to do here.

A. losing B. spending C. wasting D. missing

Question 23: On hearing the news she fainted and it was half an hour before she came______ again.

A. up B. round C. over D. up with

Question 24: I had a______ , which I couldn't explain, that something terrible was going to happen.

A. feeling B. view C. sense D. thought

Question 25: Today's weather will be a______ of yesterday.

A. continuing B. continuation C. continuity D. continual

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A. seriously B. largely C. fully D. heavily

Question 27: Too many factories dispose______ their waste by pumping it into rivers and the sea.

A. out B. of C. away D. off

Question 28: He was so mean that he could not bear to______ the smallest sum of money for the

charity appeal.

A. part with B. pay off C. give in D. let out

Question 29: Although the patient's condition is serious, she seems to be out of______ .

A. place B. control C. danger D. order

Question 30: They are conducting a wide______ of surveys throughout Vietnam.

A. collection B. range C. selection D. group

Question 31: At the 2015 Women in the World Summit, Hilary Clinton asserted that "______ cultural

codes, religious beliefs and structural biases have to be changed".

A. deep-seated B. deep-seating C. seated-deep D. seating-deep

Question 32: It's important that we______ this message______ to young people.

A. go/over B. get/down C. get/over D. go/for

Question 33: Miss Diligent did nine hours______ studying a day for her exam.

A. heavy B. solid C. powerful D. big

Question 34: “At the start of the 19th century, the highest______ newspaper in the United Kingdom

was The Morning Post, which sold around 4,000 copies per day."

A. distribution B. coverage C. circulation D. sales

Question 35: Marketing this new product will be expensive, but______ it will be worth the money we

spend on it.

A. at long last B. down the years C. in the event D. in the long run

Question 36: The boys______ that they had broken the window, but I'm sure they did.

A. refused B. denied C. objected D. reject

Question 37: Students should never______ to violence to solve any problems.

A. exert B. resolve C. resort D. recourse

Question 38: The novelty of married life seems to______ if the couple involved don't have ways to

renew their love.

A. turn out B. do without C. fade in D. wear off

Question 39: It never______ my head that such great Bulgarian rose festivals would be held in Hanoi,

our capital city.

A. struck B. dawned C. occurred D. entered

Question 40: With all due respect, I think your comments are______ .

A. short-sighted B. far-sighted C. single-minded D. single -handed

Question 41: It is alleged that mothers and grandmothers spoil the children by______ their mistakes.

A. neglecting B. overlooking C. avoiding D. passing

Question 42: Internet Service is the latest mode of______ which helps us get required information

directly through computers by opening the site.

A. communicate B. communication C. communicative D. communicator

Question 43: Despite all the evidence, he wouldn't admit that he was in the______ .

A. fault B. error C. wrong D. slip

Question 44: In 2006, the news agency Reuters withdrew from sale 920 pictures taken by a photographer

because two images taken in Lebanon were______ to have been digitally manipulated.

A. believed B. suggested C. announced D. recommended

Question 45: He walked from the court as a free man, having been______ of murder.

A. unconvinced B. discharged C. liberated D. acquitted

Question 46: Everyone laughed when he______ the teacher so well.

A. looked up B. took off C. sent off D. called up

Question 47: How did the framers put into______ the idea of popular sovereignty expressed in the

Declaration of Independence?

A. practice B. trial C. test D. examination

Question 48: You can't wash this jacket in the washing machine - you need to get it______ .

A. dry-cleaning B. spin-dried C. spring-cleaned D. clean dried

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A. variable B. variety C. various D. invariably

Question 50: The new political party came to the______ after the general election.

A. fore B. back C. side D. front

Question 51: Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull is trying to______ himself with US President

Donald Trump an impress Australian voters.

A. gratify B. please C. ingratiate D. commend

Question 52: She made no______ to her illness but only to her future plans.

A. statement B. mention C. reference D. comment

Question 53: It is difficult to assess the full______ of the damage caused by Hurricane Sandy one of

the most destructive storms the U.S has had in quite some time.

A. range B. extent C. amount D. quality

Question 54: I am trying to find a______ watch for my mother and a doll with______ hair for my

little sister.

A. water-proof/snow-white B. proofed water/white snowed
C. proof water/ white snow D. water-proofed/snow-whited

Question 55: Mr Nixon refused to answer the questions on the______ that the matter was confidential.

A. reasons B. excuses C. grounds D. foundation

Question 56: While the victory moves Vietnam, incredibly, a step nearer to the title, it sees Qatar fall at

the semi-final stage for the second______ competition in AFC U23 Championship.

A. successive B. success C. successfully D. successful

Question 57: Peter______ Rae and screamed “Get out of my sight".

A. turned on B. took on C. got back D. showed off

Question 58: He decided to buy some chocolate kept in an______ container for his father.

A. air tighted B. tight-air C. tight aired D. airtight

Question 59: The politician tried to arouse the crowd, but most of them were______ to his arguments.

A. closed B. indifferent C. careless D. dead

Question 60: - “Can you take the day off tomorrow?" - “Well, I'll have to get______ from my boss.”

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READING 1

READING 1. Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the
numbered blanks.

MODERN SCIENCE

It seems entirely natural to us that there are teams of scientists in universities and (1)______
institutions around the world, attempting to discover the way the world works. (2)______, it hasn’t
always been that way. Although the scientific method is now four or five hundred years old, the ancient
Greeks, for example, believed that they could (3) ______ the causes of natural events just by the power
of thought.

During the 17th century, more and more people began to realize that they could test their scientific

ideas by designing a relevant experiment and seeing what happened. A lot of (4) ______ was made in
this way by individual scientists. These men and women often worked alone, carrying out research into
many different areas of science, and they often received very little (5) ______ for their hard work. At
the start of the 20th century, thought, it became clear that science was becoming more complicated and

more expensive. This individual scientist disappeared, to be replaced by highly qualified teams of
experts. Modern science was born.

1. A. another B. every C. other D. whole
2. A. However B. Besides C. Thus D. Accordingly
3. A. come out B. work out C. give out D. solve out

4. A. development B. evolution C. movement D. progress
5. A. present B. gift C. reward D. prize

READING 2. Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the
numbered blanks.

CRITICISM

It can take a long time to become successful in your chosen field, however talented you are. One
thing you have to be aware of is that you will face criticism along the way. The world is full of people
who would rather say something negative than positive. If you’ve made up your (1)______ to achieve
a certain goal, such as writing a novel, don’t let the negative criticism of others prevent you from
reaching your target, and let the (2)______ criticism have a positive effect on your work. If someone
says you’re totally lacking in talent, ignore them. That’s negative criticism. If, (3)______, someone
advises you to revise your work and gives you good reasons for doing so, you should
(4)______ their suggestions very carefully. There’re many movie stars who were once out of
work. There’re many famous novelists who made a complete trash of their first novel – or who didn’t,
but had to put off approaching hundreds of publishers before they could get it published. Being
successful does depend on luck, to a (5)______ . But things are more likely deal with well if you
persevere and stay positive.

1. A. mind B. brain C. thought D. idea
2. A. constructive B. hostile C. general D. constant
3. A. therefore B. hence C. whatever D. however
4. A. think B. consider C. look round D. take

5. A. certain exception B. level C. definite range D. certain extent

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Do you know that your place on the family ladder may have certain effects on the sort of person you
grow up to be? You may be the only child, the eldest, youngest or (1)______ one; you may be the

youngest of three boys or the eldest girl with a younger brother and sister. All the different combinations
of relationships will have helped to make you the person you are. (2)______ of years between your
siblings and you also helps to shape your character.

Knowing such details about your best friend or loved one (3)______ also tell you about the type of
friend or partner he needs. For example, a boy with a younger sister would normally (4)______ much
better with a girl who has an older brother than with a girl who has a younger brother. Similarly, if your
girlfriend is the oldest in her family, she would probably be more than a little domineering.

Fortunately for all of us, family psychology is not totally accurate. There are always exceptions to the
rule. Most important of all, we should always judge people (5)______ to who they are, not the
relatives they have.

1. A. middle B. focus C. center D. average
2. A. number B. A amount C. The number D. The amount
3. A . could B. should C. need D. ought
4. A. put up B. stand by C. make up D. get along
5. A. relating B. according C. concerning average D. regarding

READING 4. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.

In two studies publicly presented on Monday at the annual meeting of the American Society for
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in Orlando, Florida in the United States, scientists have disclosed new 
steps toward using natural adhesives made by the dusky Arion slug (Arion subfuscus) in medical

applications such as in closing skin wounds and reducing scarring.

Arion slug secretes an unusual glue, making itself a difficult target for predators. This glue remains
both sticky and flexible and works even when the surface the slug is on is wet. Previous studies have
shown that, unlike many artificial adhesives, Arion slug glue is non-toxic to mammalian tissue.

Scientist Rebecca Falconer, an Ithaca College undergraduate who led one of the two studies, said
"Typical sutures like staples and stitches often lead to scarring and create holes in the skin that could
increase the chance of infection after surgery [...] Understanding the roles of adhesive proteins in the slug
glue would aid in the creation of a medical adhesive that can move and stretch yet still retain its strength
and adhesiveness." In her set of experiments, Falconer observed eleven proteins found only in the Arion
slug glue and used DNA recombination to produce usable amounts of each of these proteins, whereas
Christopher Gallego-Lazo, also an Ithaca undergraduate, evaluated the glue by focusing on the chemical
bonds within it. Gallego-Lazo found that slight changes in these chemical bonds could alter the strength of
the slug glue.

Gallego-Lazo said, "Few studies on biological adhesives have identified the exact nature of the bonds
holding the glue together. This knowledge can guide the development of an organic synthetic adhesive
that would reduce the risk of infection and scarring compared to stitches and staples and could be applied
rapidly and simply."

(Adapted from Wikinews)

1. The word “disclosed” in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.

A. discovered B. approved C. revealed D. proved
2. The word “its” in the third paragraph refers to______.

A. slug glue B. adhesive proteins C. the creation D. medical adhesive
3. According to the passage, all of the following characteristics of the slug glue have been studied by 
scientists EXCEPT for .

A. Inner chemical bonds B. Toxicity

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4. What is the passage mainly about?

A. New discoveries about artificial adhesives.

B. Ongoing research about a new type of organic glue.
C. The drawbacks of typical sutures.

D. Reducing the risk of infection caused by stiches and staples.

5. The chemical bonds of the slug glue are being studied because .
A. they can directly alter the strength of the slug glue.

B. they can be used to produce usable amounts of adhesive proteins.
C. they can lead to infection like stiches and staples.

D. they can provide scientists with useful information.

READING 5. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.

People commonly complain that they never have enough time to accomplish tasks. The hours and
minutes seem to slip away before many planned chores get done. According to time management experts,
the main reason for this is that most people fail to set priorities about what to do first. They get tied down
by trivial, time-consuming matters and never complete the important ones.

One simple solution often used by those at the top is to keep lists of tasks to be accomplished daily.
These lists order jobs from most essential to least essential and are checked regularly through the day to
access progress. Not only is this an effective way to manage time, but also it serves to give individuals a
much- deserved sense of satisfaction over their achievements. People who do not keep lists often face the
end of the work day with uncertainty over the significance of their accomplishments, which over time can
contribute to serious problems in mental and physical health.

1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Common Complaints About Work B. Accomplishing Trivial Matters
C. Achieving Job Satisfaction D. Learning to Manage Time

2. According to the passage, why do many people never seem to have enough time to accomplish things?
A. They do not prioritise tasks. B. They get tied down by one difficult problem

C. They fail to deal with trivial matters D. They do not seek the advice of time management experts
3. In paragraph 2, the word those refers to______.

A. daily lists B. trivial matters C. priorities D. people
4. The passage states that one solution to time management problems is to______.

A. consult a time management expert

B. accomplish time - consuming matters first

C. keep daily lists of priorities and check them regularly
D. spend only a short time on each task

5. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses______.

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PRACTICE TEST OF UNIT 10: ENDANGER SPECIES

Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest.

1. A. danger B. blank C. habitat D. impact
2. A. easy B. clean C. earth D. mean
3. A. animals B. leaves C. lives D. lists
4. A. cake B. panda C. face D. late

5. A. social B. science C. sour D. sure

Choose the word that has the stress pattern different from that of the rest.

6. A. future B. wildlife C. reserve D. mountain
7. A. commercial B. industry C. sufficient D. destruction
8. A. ability B. conservation C. governmental D. exploitation
9. A. reserve B. schedule C. wildlife D. beauty
10. A. derive B. contain C. leopard D. prevent

Choose the best option.

11. Everyone is worried about the ___ of the rainforests.

A. destruction B. protection C. species D. extinction
12. Toxic chemicals in the air and land have also driven many species to the ___ of extinction.

A. border B. limit C. verge D. edge
13. Birds aren’t all the same. There are many different _____.

A. categories B. species C. animals D. plants

14. A lot of different conservation efforts have been made to________endangered species.
A. save B. kills C. make D. do

15. You will be happy to know that...efforts have already brought many animals back from the brink
of extinction, but still, our work is far from done.

A. conservation B. preservation C. protection D. defense
16. _______ is destroying larger areas of tropical rain forests.

A. Forestation B. Deforestation C. Foresters D. forests
17. The raw sewage needs to be ________ treated.

A. chemically B. chemical C. chemist C. chemistry
18. There are more than 20 ________ working on the water treatment project.

A. researches B. researcher C. researchers D. research

19. The primary causes of species extinction are habitat destruction, commercial ___ and pollution. 
A. exploit B. exploiting C. exploitation D. exploitative

20. Thousands of species of animals and plants are ____ and the number decreases each year.
A. danger B. dangerous C. endanger D. endangered
21. Many modern medicines are derived _______ plants and animals.

A. on B. for C. from D. in

22. 15,589 species (7,266 animal species and 8,323 plant species) are now considered __ risk ___ extinction.
A. at / of B. on / in C. for / with D. in / at

23. _Lan: What solution to air pollution can you suggest? _Nam: ____

A. Air pollution is really serious these days. B. Smoke from factory chimneys pollutes the air.
C. Air pollution causes acid rain. D. People should use public means of transport.
24. _Lan: How can we help to fight deforestation? _Nam: ____

A. We may recycle paper and buy recycled paper products.
B. We may cut down trees at an alarming rate.

C. We should only cut branches of big trees.
D. We should set up animal ranches near forests.
25. Tony has just received the gift from Kathy.

_Tony: "Thank you for your nice gift.'' _ Kathy: "__________''
A. I'm glad you like it. B. In fact. I myself don't like it.
C. But do you know how much it costs ? D. You're welcome.

26. You ________ ask a woman about her age. It’s not polite.

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27. I’ll lend you the money and you ________ pay me back till next month.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. need D. must
28. Marcela didn’t come to class yesterday. She ________an accident.

A. will have had B. may have had C. should have had D. must have

29. John didn’t do his homework, so the teacher became very angry. John ________ his homework.
A. must have done B. should have done C. may have done D. needn’t have done
30. Sharon was supposed to be here at nine o’clock. She ________ about our meeting.

A. must have forgotten B. must forget C. should have forgotten D. will have forgotten
31. Peter has been working for 10 hours. He _______ be very tired now.

A. needn't B. must C. has to D. should

32. When you have a small child in the house, you _______ leave small objects lying around. Such objects
_______ be swallowed, causing serious injury or even death.

A. should / must B. should not / might C. needn't / may D. mustn't / can't
33. Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He _______ it here last night.

A. must have left B. should have left C. must be leaving D. needn't leave
34. John is not at home. He _____ go somewhere with Daisy. I am not sure.

A. might B. will C. must D. should

35. Oh no! I completely forgot we were supposed to pick Jenny up at the airport this morning.
- She _______ there waiting for us

A. needn't sit B. might still sit C. must still be sitting D. should have sat
36. John failed again. He _______ harder.

A. must have tried B. should have tried C. can tried D. may have tried
37. When I was a child, as we were having dinner, my grandmother always used to say, “_______.”

A. One must not eat with one's mouth open. B. You should have eaten with your mouth open.
C. Open your mouth and eating. D. One needn't open his mouth to eat.

38. _______. We have still got plenty of food.

A. You should have bought some more to eat. B. You needn't have gone to the supermarket.
C. We must have bought some more food. D. May I go to the supermarket?

39. John passed his exam with a distinction. _______.

A. He was too lazy to succeed. B. He can't have studied very hard.
C. He must have studied very hard. D. He needs studying harder.
40. _______. We got there far too early.

A. We needn't have hurried. B. We should hurry up.

C. Hurry up or we will be late. D. We must have walked hurriedly.

41. I have done this math problem at least twenty times, but my answer is wrong according to the answer

key. A. The answer in the book should be wrong! B. The book needn't have a wrong answer.

C. There is a wrong answer in the book. D. The answer in the book must be wrong!
42. It's time we left for the disco.

A. We may leave for the disco now. B. We needn't leave for the disco now.
C. We should leave for the disco now. D. We must have left for the disco now.
43. It was a mistake of you to lose your passport.

A. You shouldn't have lost your passport. B. There must be a mistake in your passport.
C. You needn't have brought your passport. D. Your passport must be lost.

44. My car keys are possibly in the kitchen.

A. My car keys should be put in the kitchen.
B. My car keys cannot be in the kitchen.

C. I don’t know whether my car keys are in the kitchen.
D. My car keys might be in the kitchen.

45. Is it possible for me to come to your house at about 7 p.m.?
A. Must I come over to your house at about 7 p.m.?
B. Could I be coming to your house at about 7 p.m.?
C. Can I come to your house at about 7 p.m.?

D. Will I come to your house at about 7 p.m.?
46. You are not allowed to park your car here.

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C. You might not park your car here. D. You may not park your car here.
47. It was not necessary for Nancy to clean the flat.

A. Nancy needn’t have cleaned the flat. B. Nancy doesn’t need to clean the flat.
C. Nancy must have cleaned the flat. D. Nancy should have cleaned the flat.
48. Perhaps Susan know the address.

A. Susan might know the address. B. Susan must know the address.
C. Susan needs to know the address. D. Susan needn’t know the address.
49. It’s possible that Joanna didn’t receive my message.

A. Joanna might not have received my message. B. Joanna must not have received my message.
C. Joanna should not have received my message. D. Joanna should have received my message.

50. Although you work really hard, you will never be promoted here.

A. However hard you work, you will never be promoted here.
B. No matter how you work hard, you will never be promoted here.
C. You will never be promoted here; however, you work hard.
D. If you didn’t work hard, you would never be promoted here.

Choose the best option to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined in 
word(s) in the following questions.

51. Many schools provide environmental education to increase students' awareness of conservation needs.
A. effort B. benefit C. exploitation D. knowledge

52. Biologists have introduced a global list of endangered and vulnerable animal species. 
A. rare and specious B. small but invaluable

C. weak and easily hurt D. strong and unusual
53. Government have passed laws to protect wildlife from commercial trade.

A. enabled B. enforced C. enacted D. ensured

Choose the best option to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined 
word(s) in each of the following questions.

54. It is found that endangered species are often concentrated in areas that are poor and densely populated,
such as much of Asia and Africa.

A. disappeared B. protected C. threatened d. reduced

55. World Wide Fund for Nature was formed to do the mission of the preservation of biological diversity,
sustainable use of natural resources, and the reduction of pollution and wasteful consumption.

A. contamination B. purification C. extinction D. development

Choose the underlined words that need correcting.

56. Nancy was refused to be given a scholarship to study abroad two days ago. She could have been very
sad. A. was refused B. given C. to study D. could have

57. Species become extinct or endangerment for a number of reasons, but the primary cause is the
destruction of habitat by human activities.

A. endangerment B. reasons C. destruction D. by human activities

58. Without the particularly habitat, the species could not survive.

A. Without B. particularly C. could D. survive
59. There is a No Parking sign, so you won’t park your car here.

A. won’t park B. There is C. so D. here
60. The number of species around the globe threatened from extinction is over 15,000.

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