aspnet information technology

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Session 19

<b>Configuring an </b>

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Review

 A service has two characteristics: Interface and Registration.

 Web services reduce the “communication-gap” among the Web applications,

enhancing interactivity. Web sites thereby group together to form a
constellation, providing users a rich user experience

 Advantages of Web Services
 Cross business integration
 Improved efficiency

 Closer customer relationships

 Facilitation of just-in-time integration

 The extension of a Web service file in .NET is .asmx.

 The [WebMethod] tag notifies the ASP.NET compiler that the method to follow

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Exploring ASP.NET / Session 19 / 3 of 31

Review contd..

 A Web service could be called from a browser, an ASP page or even another Web

service. Using the browser, the Web service can be accessed using either
HTTP-GET or HTTP-POST. A SOAP request from an ASP page, or a Web service to
another Web service can also be made.

 WSDL is the short form for Web Services Description Language. WSDL is the

grammar for a Web service, or moreover, could be thought of as a language that
describes or portrays a Web service.

 The proxy class does not contain any application logic. Instead, it contains the

transporting logic as to how the parameters would be passed, and the result
retrieved.

 The proxy class will also contain a list of all the methods that are present in the

Web service and their prototypes.

 UDDI is the abbreviation for Universal Description, Discovery and Integration.
 UDDI helps in registering the services provided by the service providers, so that

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Objectives



Discuss Machine.Config



Discuss Web.Config



Discuss the structure of a configuration

file



Secure your web pages using

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Web Pages – Web Application



Individual web pages together form a web application



Advantage of grouping individual pages together into an

application, is that values can be set for all these pages at

once, by setting the properties of the application



The setting of values for the properties of an application

that will control the application at runtime, is known as

configuring the ASP.NET application

Web Page

<sub>Web Page </sub>

Web Page

<sub>Web Page </sub>

<b>--- </b>

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Configuration Files



In ASP.NET, all that needs to be done to configure an

application, is to create a configuration file called

<b>web.config, and place it in the root directory of the </b>

application



This web.config is an XML based file

<system.web>

</configuration>

ASP.NET provides the configuration files that are needed to

customize the web site. These files offer remarkable

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Features of Configuration Files



Stored in plain text format



Written in XML. Rules for naming tags and

attributes



No need to restart server in case of changes

to file



Each directory overrides earlier

configuration file

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Rules for naming the Tags

<b>Type of Tags </b>

<b>Rule </b>

Tag and attribute names

<b>Camel-cased : First character of a tag </b>

name is lowercase, and the first letter

of any subsequent words is uppercase

Attribute values

<b>Pascal-case : first character is </b>

uppercase, and the first letter of any

subsequent concatenated words is

<b>uppercase. Exceptions being true and </b>

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Types of Configuration Files

<b>Machine.config </b>



<b> Decides configuration for all the applications residing </b>

<b> on the server </b>



<b> Settings are applied to single application residing on the server </b>



<b> XML based file is </b>



<i><b> Stored in C:\WinNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v.1.xxxx\config </b></i>

<b>Build number </b>

<b>of .net CLR </b>

<b>Web.config </b>



<b> Only one file per ASP.NET installation on a machine </b>



<b> XML based file stored in the web application directory of the </b>

<b>web server </b>

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Types of Configuration Files –

Contd…

<b>Web </b>
<b>Applications </b>



<b> One per machine </b>

 <b>One per application </b>
 <b>Override settings of </b>

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Structure of Configuration

Files



The configuration file encloses all the tags within the

configuration tags, which if not done, the compiler

throws an exception



The configuration properties of the machine are set

between these tags



Within the configuration tags, the configuration

information is grouped into two categories:



configuration section handler declaration area



configuration section settings area



Configuration sections are defined between

<b><configSections> and </configSections> tags </b>



The individual sections are defined using the

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Typical Web.config File

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Configuration Section Handler

Declaration Area



Defines a class (usually a .NET base class) that

will be used to interpret the configuration data



This section is enclosed between the

<configSections> tag



Generally, this section is placed in the

Machine.Config file, and need not be placed in

each and every Web.Config file, as it will be

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Configuration Sections Settings

Area



Defines the actual settings for some particular

option



Contains the section handlers in which the

configuration code is written



Each of the section handlers is grouped in a

<sectionGroup>, that offers a structure to

the configuration file

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Page Configuration Settings

<system.web>

<b> enableViewState=”false” /> </b>
</system.web>

</configuration>

The page configuration settings allow the developer to control some

of the default behaviors for all the ASP.NET pages in the application

or machine

<b>Property </b>

<b>Description </b>

<b>Default Value </b>

Buffer Sets whether the response to a client is sent
directly, or is first buffered on the server and then
sent.

True

enableView
State

Sets whether ViewState is to be enabled or
disabled

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Application Setting



The application settings section is enclosed between the

<appSettings> and </appSettings> tags.



These settings allow the user to set the application configuration

details.



Application settings enable to store and retrieve information as

key-value pairs



It is also possible to store, SQL queries

</configuration>
...

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Compilation Setting

 The compilation settings section is used to specify the compilation options that

are necessary to compile the application source files.

 References of the assemblies that are required during compilation can be

specified here

 It is also possible to specify whether to run the application in a debug mode

<b>Attribute </b>

<b>Option </b>

<b>Description </b>

Debug <sub>Specifies whether to compile retail binaries or </sub>
debug binaries.

true Specifies compilation of debug binaries.
false Specifies compilation of retail binaries.

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Compilation Setting

Configuration

<configuration>

<system.web>

<compilation

<b> debug=“false" </b>

<b> defaultLanguage=”C#”/> </b>

</system.web>

</configuration>

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Sub-tags of Compilation tag

<configuration>
<system.web>
<compilation

debug=“true” defaultLanguage=“C#”>
<assemblies>

</compilation>
</system.web>
</configuration>

<b><add> </b>

<b><sub><remove> </sub></b>

<b><clear> </b>

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Sub-tags of Compilation tag

Contd…

<configuration>

<system.web>

<compilation

debug=“true” defaultLanguage=“C#”>

<namespaces>

<i> <add namespace=“System.Web.UI” /> </i>

</namespaces>

</compilation>

</system.web>

</configuration>

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Sub-tags of Compilation tag

Contd…

<b><compilers> sub-tag </b>

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customErrors Setting



ASP.NET provides the flexibility to write custom error

pages, and redirect the browser (client) to these error

pages when any specific error occurs



The error pages to be displayed can be designed to give

a more polite and user-friendly explanation of the error

and its cause.

<i><customErrors </i>

<i> defaultRedirect="url" </i>

<i> mode="On|Off|RemoteOnly"> </i>

<i> <error statusCode="statuscode" redirect="url“/> </i>

</customErrors>

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customErrors Example

localhost/Appdir/allErrors.aspx"
mode="RemoteOnly">

<error statusCode="404"

redirect=" http:// localhost/ Appdir/
ErrorNo404.aspx"/>

</customErrors>
</system.web>

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Authentication

<i><b> protection="All|None|Encryption " </b></i>

<b> timeout="xx" path="/" > </b>

</system.web>

The process of identifying the valid user/password, and providing services

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Authentication Types

<b>Specifies Windows authentication as </b>
<b>default authentication mode. Used for </b>
<b>any form of IIS authentication </b>

<b>Specifies ASP.NET forms-based </b>

<b>authentication as default authentication </b>
<b>mode. Widely used method </b>

<b>Specifies Microsoft Passport </b>
<b>authentication as default </b>
<b>authentication mode </b>

<b>No authentication. Used by </b>

<b>anonymous users and applications </b>
<b>providing own authentication </b>

WINDOWS

FORMS

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Attributes of <forms> tag

<b>Attribute Option </b> <b>Description </b>

<b>Name </b> None Cookie name used for authentication

<b>LoginUrl None </b> Login page URL. The client is redirected to this URL if
no authentication cookie

<b>protection Encryption Cookie should not be stored as plain text but should be </b>

encrypted for protection.

<b>Validation Validation scheme verifies whether the contents of </b>
an encrypted cookie have been altered in transit

ALL Application uses both data validation and encryption to
protect the cookie.

None Both encryption and validation are disabled

To use Form Authentication, the authentication mode needs to be specified as

<b>Forms, in which case the <forms> sub-tag can be supplied having following </b>

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Attributes of <forms> tag

<b>Attribute Option </b> <b>Description </b>

<b>timeout </b> The amount of time, in minutes, after which the
authentication cookie expires. Default value is 30.

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Forms Authentication Example

<configuration>

<system.web>

<authentication mode="Forms">

<forms name="MainForm"

loginUrl="LoginPage.aspx"

protection="None" timeout="60">

<credentials passwordFormat="Clear">

<user name="User1" password="user1!"/>

<user name="User2" password="user2@"/>

<user name="User3" password="user3#"/>

</credentials>

</forms>

</authentication>

</system.web>

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Authorization



After setting the authentication settings for an

application, access rights need to be assigned

as to who can access the application



Setting these access rights is known as

Authorization



Using Authorization settings, users are actually

authorized to access the website

<authorization>

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Authorization Example

</forms>

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Summary



ASP.NET is a collection of all the ASP.NET pages, the custom

controls and modules



It provides the configuration files to customize the web site.



The ASP.NET configuration files are written in XML, which enables

the developer to modify them using an XML parser.



Two types of configuration files exist in ASP.NET:



<b>Machine.Config </b>



<b>Web.Config </b>



A hierarchical structure can be formed with every directory,

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Summary Contd…



Within the configuration tags, the configuration information is

grouped into two categories:



<b>The configuration section handler declaration area </b>



<b>The configuration section settings area. </b>



The process of validating the user name and password is known as

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