Exercise on Tense

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<b>Tenses</b>

1. Thì hiện tại đơn: S + V (s, es).

a) Diễn tả một hành động lặp đi lặp lại theo thói quen, phong tục và khả năng.
Ví dụ: He speaks English very well.

b) DiƠn t¶ nhËn thức, cảm giác, tình trạng xảy ra lúc đang nói.
- VÝ dô: Do you hear anything? - No, I don’t hear anything.

- Cách dùng này thờng áp dụng cho những động từ liên quan đến nhận thức tình cảm hoặc tinh thần nh: know,
understand, suppose, wonder, consider, believe, think, doubt, hope, remember, forget, recognize, worship (thờ cúng),
contain, seem, look, appear, love, like, dislike, hate.

c) Diễn tả chân lí hoặc sự kiện đúng một cách hiển nhiên.
d) Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong tơng lai.

- Cách này thờng áp dụng cho những động từ chỉ sự di chuyển nh: leave, go, walk, arrive,.. khi nói về thời gian đi lại,
khi tàu chạy, máy bay cất cánh và thờng đi kèm với một trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong tơng lai.

- VÝ dô: When does the plane arrive? - It is arrives at 5 o’ clock.

<i>*) DÊu hiÖu: sometimes, usually, never, occasionally, from time to time, every orther day (ngµy cách ngày), always, </i>
often, seldom, rarely, every day/ week/ month/ year,

2. Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn: S + am, is, are + V-ing

a) Diễn tả một hành động đang thực sự diễn ra tại thời điểm nói.

b) Hành động nói chung đang diễn ra nhng không nhất thiết phải đang thực sự diễn ra lúc nói (thờng đi với now,
today, this year,…).

c) Hành động xảy ra trong tơng lai gần đợc dùng với các động từ chỉ sự di động nh: go, come, leave,…
- Ví dụ: We are going to Hà Nội next week.

d) Diễn tả một hành động có tính chất tạm thời, không thờng xuyên.

- VÝ dô: John often gets up at 7, but this month he is on holiday so he is getting up later.

e) Diễn tả một hành động lặp đi lặp lại gây nên sự bực mình hay khó chịu cho ngời nói (always, constantly,
continually: cứ…mãi). Khi đợc dùng với I, we nó chỉ hành động xảy ra tình cờ.

- VÝ dơ: He is always leaving cigarette – ends on the floor.
I’m always doing that?

*một số động từ không dùng trong thì hiện tại tiêp diễn:want,need,prefer,have(sở hữu).think(tin),like,love,hate,belong,
see,hear,know,believe,suppose,mean,understand,remember,forget,seem,...

3. Thì quá khứ đơn: S + V (ed/ cột 2).

a) Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và chấm dứt ở quá khứ vào một thời điểm xác định.
- Ví dụ: I met her yesterday.

b) Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và chấm dứt ở quá khứ vào một thời điểm nào đó trong q khứ.
- Ví dụ: I got a job as a truck driver.

c) Diễn tả một thói quen hoặc những hành động thờng làm ở quá khứ.
- Ví dụ: He never ate fish.

d) Diễn tả những hành động thờng kế tiếp nhau trong quá khứ ( dùng khi thuật lại các câu chuyên trong quá khứ).
<i>*) Các trạng từ thờng đi kèm: ago, aday ago, last Monday,… Ta cũng có thể dùng today, this morning, this afternoon khi </i>
chúng đợc xem nh một phần thời gian đã qua trong ngày.

- VÝ dô: I received a letter from Mai this morning (nãi vµo chiỊu tèi).
4. Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn: S + was, were + V-ing .

a) Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra ở vào một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.

b) Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra ở một thời điểm trong q khứ thì có một hành động khác chen vào.
- Ví dụ: When he arrived, I was watching T.V.

c) Diễn tả hai hay nhiều hành động xảy ra song song trong quá khứ (while, when, as,..), all/ the whole of + danh từ
chỉ thời gian..

d) Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kéo dài trong suốt một khoảng thời gian nào đó ở quá khứ.
- Ví dụ: I’m was studying all day yesterday.

<i>*) Trong c©u thêng cã: from (Sunday) to (Tuesday), all (last month/ last week), the whole of (yesterday), between,…</i>
5. Th× hiƯn tại hoàn thành: S + has / have + pII.

a) Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ (khơng rõ thời gian) có thể kéo dài đến hiện tại hoặc tơng lai (nếu
chấm dứt trong quá khứ chúng ta phải dùng thì quá khứ đơn).

- VÝ dô: up to the present, we have done every exercise in this book.

<i> - DÊu hiÖu: up to now, up to present, so far, for, since, just, lately, ever, never, already, recently, yet now (rèt cuéc ), </i>
before, it’s the 1st_time.

b) Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra (just).

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d) Chỉ hành động xảy ra nhiều lần trong quá khứ và hđ này có thể lặp lại nhiều lần trong tơng lai. (ever, never).
e) Diễn tả một hành động cha từng xảy ra từ trớc tới nay ( yet) (câu phủ định và câu hỏi).

f) Diễn tả một hành động đã hoàn tất trớc lúc nói (already).

g) Diễn tả một hành động hay sự việc đã đợc hoàn thành vào một thời điểm cha qua hẳn ở hiên tại.
- Ví dụ: I have met him twice today.

h) Diễn tả một kết quả hiện có do một hành động ở quá khứ.
- Ví dụ: He has lost all his money in gambling.

6. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn: S + has / have + been + V-ing .

a) Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và vẫn tiếp diễn đễn hiện tại.
b) Diễn tả một hành động kéo dài trong quá khứ vừa mới chấm dứt.

- Ví dụ: He has been hunting bears (Việc đi săn vẫn tiếp tục cho đến gần đây).

<i> *) Lu ý: HTHT: nhấn mạnh vào kết quả của hành động, các công việc đã thực hiện đợc.</i>

HTHTTD: nhấn mạnh vào sự tiếp diễn liên tục của hành động trong bao lâu, thờng đi với for, since, all day,
howlong (trong câu hỏi),… Nó khơng dùng với always, không dùng với những từ chỉ nhận thc tri giỏc.

7. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had + PII.

a) Chỉ một hành động đã xảy ra và đã hoàn tất trớc một thời điểm trong quá khứ, hoặc trớc một hành động khác
cũng đã kết thúc trong quá khứ.

VÝ dô: By 2.00 o’clock we had had lunch.

b) Hành động đã xảy ra nhng cha hồn tất thì một hành động khác, một thời điểm khác đến (for).
- Ví dụ: By december 1st_{last year, he had worked here for ten years.}

<i>*) DÊu hiÖu: before, after, when, till, until, as soon as,… </i>

8. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn: S + had + been + V-ing.

a) Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trớc và vẫn tiếp diễn cho đến lúc nói ở thời điểm quá khứ.

-VD: When I got home, I discovered she had been paiting the door. (Khi tôi về nhà, tôi thấy cô ấy đã đang sơn cánh
cửa).

b) Diễn tả một hành động đã tiếp diễn và đợc hồn thành trớc lúc nói ở thời điểm qua khứ.

<i>*) Chú ý: Khơng dùng thì này với các động từ: know, like, realize, guess, believe, doubt, understand, hear, smell, sound, </i>
taste, belong to, love,…

9. Thì t ơng lai đơn: S + shall, will + V (bare-infinitive).
a) Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong tơng lai.
b) Diễn tả một thói quen trong tơng lai.

- VÝ dơ: The birds will come back next spring.

c) Diễn tả một việc sẽ quyết định làm ngay lúc nói.

d) Diễn tả sự đề nghị thỉnh cầu. - Ví dụ: Shall we eat out tonight?
*) Chú ý: - Không đợc dùng won’t sau “ I think ”.

- Khơng dùng thì tơng lai đơn sau các liên từ: when, before, after, as soon as,… sau mệnh đề “if”.
- Thì tơng lai đơn thờng đứng sau các động từ nh: be afraid, be/fell sure, believe, think, doubt, hope.

10. Thì t ơng lai gần: S + be + going to + V (bare-infinitive).

a) Diễn tả một hành động làm gì đó trong tơng lai gần.
b) Diễn tả một hành động sắp xảy ra trong tơng lai gần.

11. Thì t ơng lai tiếp diễn: S + shall, will + be + V-ing.

a) Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong tơng lai hoặc đang xảy ra thì một hành động khác đến.
- Ví dụ: We will be waiting for you at 9 o’clock tomorrow.

12. Thì t ơng lai hoàn thành: S + shall, will + have + PII.

a) Diễn tả một hành động đợc hoàn tất trớc một thời điểm trong tơng lai.
- Ví dụ: We will have paid the loan by August.

b) Diễn tả một hành động sẽ đợc hoàn tất trớc một hành động khác trong tơng lai.
*) Dấu hiệu: by + mốc thời gian, by then, by the end of (thỏng), by (gi).

13. Thì t ơng lai hoµn thµnh tiÕp diƠn: S + shall / will + have been + V-ing .

- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và tiếp diễn đợc một thời gian so với một thời điểm khác trong tơng lai (By the end
of …)  ít khi s dng.

14. Thì t ơng lai trong quá khứ: S + would + V (bare-infinitive).

a) Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra ở thời điểm tơng lai so với một thời điểm nào đó ở qua khứ.
b) Diễn tả dự định trong quá khứ.

EXERCISES
I. Put these verbs into correct form.
1.I (walk)...to work everyday.

2.She (work)...in a bank two years ago.
3.We (see)...him from time to time last year.
4.Children(need)... love.

5.I(go)...to town yesterday,and I(buy)...a new book.
6.John(leave)...for France tomorrow.

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8.He (work)...here since August.

9.We often(see)...him on the way home.
10.I seldom (go) ...to the cinema.

11.I (read) ...that book already. 12.They just(come)...
13.I (be)...in the army during the Second World War.

14.I (walk) ...to school everyday last year.
15.We(not be)... there lately.

16.This morning I(walk)...to school.
17.Please be quite.I(study)...

18.The swimming pool(open)...at 7.00 and (close) ...at 18.30 everyday.
19.why (you/look)...at me like that?Have I said something wrong?
20.I(not/work)...this week.I’m on holiday.

21.How many cigarettes(you/smoke)...a day?
22.I(live)...with some friends until I can find a flat.

23.Hurry up!The bus(come)...I(not/want)...to miss it.
24.That machine(not/work)...It broke down this morning.

25.This machine(not/work)...It hasn’t work for years.
26.The River Nile(flow)... into the Mediterranean.

27.The river(flow)...very fast today-much faster than usual.

28.Can you drive?-No,but I(learn)...My father(teach)...me.
29.We usually(grow)...vegetables in our garden but this year
we(not/grow)...any.

30.You can borrow my umbrella.I(not/need)...it at the moment.

31.(At a party)I usually(enjoy)...parties but I(not/enjoy)...this one very much.
32.George says he’s 80 years old but I(not/believe)...him.

33.Son is in London at the moment.He(stay)... at the Hilton Hotel.He usually(stay)
...at the Hilton Hotel when he’s in London.

34.A.What(your father/do)...? B.He’s a teacher,but he(not/work)...at the
moment.

35.I’m too tired to walk home.I think I(get)... a taxi.
36.When I lived in Hanoi,I(work)...in a bank.

37.Lan (burn)...her hand when she(cook)...the dinner.
38.It(rain)...when I got up.

39.While I(work)...in the garden,I hurt my back.

40.I saw Jim in the park.He(sit)...on the grass and(read)...a book.

41.Last night I(read)...in bed when suddenly I(hear)...a scream.

42.Tom is kooking for his key.He can’t find it.He(lose)...his key.
43.She(play)...tennis since she was eight.

44.It is raining now.It began raining two hours ago.It(rain)...for two hours..

45.Ann is looking for a job.She began looking six months ago.She(look)... for six months.
II.Choose the correct answer.

Last Monday,William Murphy(1)...a wallet on a street .He picked up the wallet
and(2)...a ticket inside.He noticed the number on the ticket and immediately

(3)...that(4)...was the winning ticket in a big competition.The prize (5)...8
million dollars.

Murphy(6)...the huge prize,however.He(7)...the ticket back to its

owner,Laviqeur.Yesterday,Laviqeur got the prize and at once(8)...Murphy a million dollars as a reward.

1.a.sees b.has seen c.saw d.is seeing

2.a.find b.finds c.found d.founded

3.a.knows b.is knowing c.known d.knew

4.a.he b.she c.it d.one

5.a.is b.are c.were d.was

6.a.not collect b. not collect c.did not collect d.no collected

7.a.take b.took c.takes d.taken

8.a. give b.gives c.given d.gave

Chia d ộ ng từ trong ngoặ c

1,He ( not be) here since Christmas.I wonder where he (live) since then
2,They (be) tired now because they (work ) in the sun for 5 hours

3,I (see) you yesterday.You (talk) with your friends in the cafe so you ( not see)me

4,He (give) me back the book,(thank ) me for (lend) it to him and (say ) that he (enjoy )it very much .But I know that he
(not read )it yet because most of the pages still (be) uncut

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6,We (live) in this house since it (build ) 20 years ago

7,I (go) to John''s room and (knock) on the door but there (be) no answer .Either he (go) out or he (not want ) to meet
anybody

8,When he (go ) out of the room ,he (find ) out that someone (steal ) his motor.So he (phone )the police immediately
.The policemen (arrest )some people in the connection with the case

9,Why you (buy) so many vegetable ?Because I (make ) a salad tonight

10,The accident (happen )because the taxi driver (drink) too much wine before (drive ).So he (not see ) the stop sign
when he (drive ) on the high way

<i>Read the following texts carefully and choose the correct tense of the verbs.</i>

I. My friends - Hong and Lien just (return) ... from their holiday in Da Lat. Before they (leave) ... Quang Ngai, I (give) ...
them my aunt's address in Da Lat in the hope that they (visit) her and her family.

Last Tuesday night, I (come) ... to see them, and they (tell) ... me how much they (enjoy) ... travelling around Da Lat,
and I (look) ... at the colour photos they (take) ... They also gave me the postcards and presents from my aunt and said
that it (be) a great pleasure for them to meet my relatives.

II. Jane lives in London. She (work) ... as a travel writer for a magazine. She (go) ... abroad five or six times a year. Last
year, she (spend) ... three months in Asia and she liked it so much that she (not want) .. to come home. Now she (travel)
in South America. She (not speak) ... Spanish very well, but she (study) ... it at the moment because she (need) ... to talk
to local people. She (read) ... a lot of books in French up to now. Every evening she (write) ... notes about people and
places.

III. "You wont recognize the old town", my ss told me. "Almost everything (change) ... since you last (see) ... it. They
(build) ... a new shopping centre near the park. The old town hall (destroy) ... by a fire about five year agos. Thet
(build) ... a new one at the moment. They (build) it for three years in fact, but they (not finish) ... it yet".

I (be) ... back for nearly a month now. And my ss was right. The place looks very different, but strangely enough it still
(feel) ... the same, because the people that I love are here. I (leave) ... again in a few week's time., but I know that even if
I (be) ... away for twenty years again, this always (be) ... my home.

<i>PART 1. Choose ONE phrase for each of the following sentences by circling A, B, C, or D</i>
1. They ……….. in that factory for three years - from 1995 to 1998.

A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. have worked
2. We ……… the television when the lights ……… out.

A. were watching / were going B. were watching / went C. watched / went D. watched / were going
3. When I ……… In Ho Chi Minh city for ten years, I ……… a book.

A. have been / write B. have been / shall write C. am / write D. shall be / shall write
4. I ……… ten records from Tom this month.

A. have borrowed B. borrow C. am borrowing D. have been borrowing
5. He ………. A book while she ……… the flowers.

A. was reading / watered B. was reading / was watering C. is reading / watered D. reads / was watering
6. By the end of this year, my father ……… for 40 years.

A. will have been teaching B. will be teaching C. will teach D. has been teaching
7. He ……….. in space for 10 days by tomorrow.

A. will travel B. will be travelling

C. will have been travelling D. has travelled

8. He said he would visit me but he ………. me yet

A. has not visited B. had not visited C. is not visiting D. does not visit
9. The weather ………. fine so far this week.

A. is B. has been C. was D. had been

10. We had just got out of the car when it ……… to set fire.
A. has begun B. had begun C. was beginning D. began

11. As soon as he ……….. a certificate in English, he will apply for a job.
A. would get B. got C. gets D. will get

12. She has been studying engineering ………. .

A. since 8 years B. for 8 years C. 8 years before D. during 8 years

13. We ……….. waiting for her for half an hour before she came.
A. have been B. will be C. will have been D. had been

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A. wrote B. am writing C. have written D. was writing
16. This is the worst book I am ……….
A. read B. am reading C. have ever read D. had read
17. The population of the world ……….. very fast.
A. rises B. doesn’t rise C. is rising D. A & B are correct
18. When she came back, everything ………

A. has changed B. had changed C. have changed D. were changing
19. They ……….. this course by next June.

A. have finished B. will finish C. are going to finish D. will have finished
20. She will go abroad as soon as she ……… this English course.
A. has completed B. will complete C. will have completed D. completed
21. She is tired now. She ………. for a long time.

A. has been learning B. has learned C. learns D. learned

22. Hurry up or the train ………. before you can catch it.
A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. has left

23. I ………. that novel at least twice.

A. have read B. read C. reads D. have been reading

24. You can’t see Tom now: He ……….. a bath.
A. have B. has C. had D. is having

25. I won’t go out now as it ………. and I ………. an umbrella

A. is raining / haven’t got B. rained / hasn’t C. rains / haven’t had D. rains / haven’t
26. Can I borrow your pen or ……… you ……… it at the moment.
A. do / use B. have / used C. are /using D. did / use

27. He never ……… to what you say. He ………. about something else.
A. listens / is always thinking B. listens / always thinks

C. listen / is always thinking D. listens / always think

28. The children were frightened because it ……… dark.
A. was getting B. is getting C. got D. gets

29. It ………. heavily when he ……… up.

A. snowed / wakes B. was snowing / woke C. has snowed / woke D. was snowing / has woken
30. She was too far away, so she ………. you.

A. mustn’t see B. hasn’t seen C. couldn’t have seen D. hadn’t seen
31. I’ve lost my gloves. I ……… it somewhere.

A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropping

32. I ……… a new house last year, but I ……….. my old house yet, so at the moment I have two houses.
A. buy / didn’t sell B. bought / didn’t sell C. bought / haven’t sold D. have bought / haven’t sold

33. I hope they ………. this road by the time we come back next summer.
A. will have repaired B. have repaired C. repair D. repaired

34. He ……….. us up when he arrives in England.
A. ring B. rings C. will ring D. rung

35. I ………. here till he comes back.
A. wait B. waited C. have waited D. will wait
36. His eyes hurt because he ………. for 8 hours.

A. been reading B. have been reading C. had been reading D. was reading
37. After I ………. Lunch, I looked for my bag.

A. had B. had had C. have had D. has had

38. By the end of next year, George ………. English for 2 years.
A. will have learned B. will learn C. has learned D. would learn

39. Henry ……….. into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner.
A. was going B. went C. has gone D. did go

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41. Ask her to come and see me when she ……… her work.
A. finish B. has finished C. finished D. finishing

42. Oil ………. if you pour it into water.
A. floated B. floats C. will be floated D. float

43. When he returned home, he found the door ……… .
A. unlocking B. unlocked C. to be unlocked D. have unlocked

44. Almost everyone ……….. for home by the time we arrived.
A. has left B. left C. leaves D. had left.

45. By the age of 25, he ……… two famous novels.
A. wrote B. writes C. has written D. had written

46. When he ……… all his newspapers, he will go home.
A. has sold B. sold C. sell D. sells

47. When I arrived at the party, Martha ………. home already.
A. went B. has gone C. had gone D. would go

48. How long ……….. you to travel to school every day?
A. does it take B. has it taken C. it takes D. is it taking

49. She ………. music all day. Now she feels tired.
A. has been playing B. is playing C. played D. plays

50. At first she ……….. out with him because she thought he was weird, but then she changed her mind.
A. didn’t wanted to B. wanted not to C. wasn’t wanting to D. didn’t want to

<i>Part II. Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting.</i>
1. Jim isn’t wanting an ice cream. He doesn’t like it.

2. She is listening to a french song but she doesn’t understand what it is meaning.
3. I’m thinking you are very polite.

4. I took a photograph of him while he ate an ice cream.

5. “Oh dear, I’m late for work.” “Don’t worry. I’m going to give you a lift.”

6. I will get in touch as soon as I will get back.

7. I won’t speak to her until she will say sorry.

8. He has been reading fifty novels this year but he hasn’t got enough experience to start his writing career.
9. I’m exhausted! I have worked all day and I havn’t finished my report yet.

10. I have been losing ten pounds so far but I am still fat.

11. Up to now, there had been no woman being chosen for the US president
12. People had struggled against weeds since the beginning of agriculture.
13. Ethics are the studies of moral duties, principals and values.

14. Fifteen hundred dollars a year were the per capital income in the United States in 1950.
15. A number of tourists comes to Vietnam every year.

16. The number of students in my class have increased by 10 so far.

17. Medical student must to study both the theory and practice of medicine.
18. Each of the four types of human tooth are suited for a specific purpose.
19. Together with his friends, Mark have won two gold medals.

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