Ngu phap Tieng anh 8Unit 1Unit 8

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<b>Present Simple Tense </b>

<b>1/ Form </b>

:

<b>S+ V(s/es)/ be</b>

Ex : want-- wants ; give--- gives ; be--- am; is ; are

* Verbs ending in : -sh;-ch;-o;-ss;-x then we add "es" ( washes ; washes...)
*Verbs ending in : -y so we change "y" to "i" then add " es" ( studies ...)

<b>2/Adverbs of frequency </b>

:

*Never ; seldom ; rarely; sometimes; often; usually;always; normally;ocassionally...

*From time to time; constantly; now and then; frequently ; every (...);once; twice; threetimes a day ...

<b>3/Uses </b>

:

a/ Things are always true :

Ex : Haiduong is not as big as Hanoi
b/ Habits or repeated actions at present :
Ex : I often go to school at 7

c/ Timetable /Schedule :
Ex: The film starts at 8 pm
d/ Likes- interests-belief-hopes..:

* Love , like, hate,dislike ,enjoy, prefer, detest,fancy....
*Thinks ,wonder,consider,suppose, doubt....

*Want ,need, wish, hope, believe,expect,know, understand,....
e/Verbs of perception:

Hear, see,smell,look, notice, seem,, sound...
f/State verbs :

Contain, consist, feel, last, depend, matter, belong,fit,suit,weigh, own, mean, seem, appear...
g/Headings/headlines:

Ex:100 people are killed.
h/Plot of a film, play,book ...:

Ex:The films tells about a naughty boy who is hated by step mother .
i/If-When clause :

Ex: If it rains, i will stay at home .

<b>---Present Continous Tense</b>

<b>1/Form </b>

:

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* V_ing:

Normally we only add -ing after verbs ( watching, doing,....)

*Verbs ending in "e", we ommit "e" then add "-ing" (inviting, writing ,...)

*Verbs ending in " ie" we change "ie" into " y" then add "-ing"(lie--lying, die--dying,...)
*Verbs ending in "ee" we justnormally add "-ing " (seeing..)

*Verbs ending in a consonant after a single vowels/ one syllables verbs :
Begin---beginning ; swim-- swimming

<b>2/Uses </b>:

a/An action is happening at the moment of speaking :
Ex :She is learning English now .

*Adverbs : now , at the moment , at present , today .

<b>b/A future plan /Arrangement </b>( tomorrow, next week , tonight ..)
Ex : We are having breakfast at 8 am tomorrow

*Adverbs of time should be used except verbs of movement : go, come leave, arrive, move, have ....
Ex : Don't come early . We are having a nice party .

<b>c/To complain about a bad habit ( always):</b>

She is always losing her glasses .

<b>d/ An action is considered to be happening but may be it isn't happening at the moment of </b>
<b>speaking </b>( this week..)

Ex : They are building a new house
He is studying maths at college

<b>e/ Changing state ( get/become) ---Imperative( increase/rise</b>)
Ex: The weather is becoming colder and colder

<b>f/Repeated action arround the moment of speaking </b>

Ex :The sun is strong so i am wearing my sunglasses .

<b>---Present Perfect Continuous Tense </b>

<b>1/ Form :</b>

<b>S+have/has been + V-ing </b>

<b>2/Uses:</b>

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<b>b/A recently finished action with obvious result at present</b>

Ex :She has been working with her computer for hours so her eyes are burnt .

<b>c/To emphasize the duration of an action and the action occupied a period time in the past ( all</b>
<b>day, all....)</b>

Ex:Mary has been learning cooking all day

<b>d/ An action lasting up to the present </b>

Ex:Lan has been waiting for Tuan for 4 hours

<b>---The present perfect tense</b>

<b>I/ Form</b>

<b>S+ have/ has+ V( past participle)</b>

<b>II/ Adverbs of time </b>

+,Since , ever, never, for , just .

+,Ready, lately , recently, ( after have / has or at the end of the sentence )
+,Yet( in negative or yes-no question )

+,So far , up to now, up to present , since then ...

+,In recent years , this month , for / during the last few years ..

<b>III/ Uses</b>

<b>1/ An action started in the past lasting up to present and still likely to happen in the future </b>:
Ex :

He has lived in Haiduong for 6 years

<b>2/ An action in the past but present result</b>:
Ex :

She has bought a new house .

<b>3/ A part of action but the speaker doesn't know the time or doesn't want to mention the time </b>
<b>of action</b>

Ex :

She has left my house .

<b>4/What you have / haven't done up to now </b>(today, this week, this month )
Ex :

This is the first time I have gone to HoChiMinh City

<b>5/When--If Clauses </b>:
Ex :

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<b>Past Simple Tense </b>

<b>I/ Form </b>

:

<b>S+ V(ed)</b>

<b>II/Adverbs of time </b>

:

Yesterday , last year , last night, in 1998, in 18th century ....

<b>III/ Uses:</b>

<b>1/ An completed action in the past </b>

Ex : I met him yesterday

<b>2/ When the time is asked exactly :</b>

Ex :

When did you do your housework?

<b>3/ An action happened at a definitely period of time even the time isn't mentioned </b>

Ex :

She opened the door ,changed her clothes and started doing the housework

<b>4/ Sometime the time is definited as a result of a question and an answer at the present </b>
<b>perfect tense</b>

<b>6/A habit in the past ( used to , would V)</b>

<b>S+adverb of frequency+ V(ed)</b>

<b>7/ A series of past actions</b>

<b>8/An action suddenly happened while another action was happening in the past</b>

Ex :

I was sleeping when he phoned

<b>9/In second-type condition and unreal past tenses</b> ( I'd rather , I'd sooner...)
Ex :

If I was a billionaire , I would give each of you $10000

<b>---Past Continuous </b>

<b>I/ Form :</b>

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*At 7 a.m yesterday, at this time last week / last month
*At the end of last year / last month

*From ... to ....
*Between ... and

<b>III/Uses</b>

<b>1/ An action was happening at a definite time in the past</b>

Ex :

I was learning English between 8p.m and 10 p.m yesterday

<b>2/ An action was happening in the past and interruppted by another action or two actions were</b>
<b>happening at the same time </b>

<b>As/when + past simple , S+V ( past continuous </b>

<b>While S+ V( past continuous) S+ V ( past continuous)</b>

Ex :

My brother was playing football when my mother came

While my mother was cooking my father was reading newspapers

<b>3/ An intension in the past = were going to V</b>

Ex :

When I came , he was packing his clothes

<b>4/Criticize a bad habit in the past ( + always )</b>

Ex :

When at school , Tom always losing things

<b>5/ To retell a story or describe a picture</b>

Ex :

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