Influence of nutrients and plant growth regulators on growth, flowering and yield characteristics of Strawberry cv. chandler

10
T11
T12
T13
T14
T15
T16
T17
T18
T19
SE±
CD at 5%

Days taken to
flower after planting
2010-11
2011-12
118.23
109.77
108.12
108.12
105.16
103.02
105.21
102.33
100.02
103.02
103.02
104.18
99.03
103.02

97.55
99.03
99.67
97.59
101.58
0.05
0.16

123.44
115.11
117.23
116.88
114.19
111.15
113.34
110.09
108.88
111.23
108.88
112.66
107.67
111.23
104.03
107.07
105.55
106.08
108.88
0.05
0.14

Duration of flowering
Flowers plant-1
Berry set (%)
berries plant-1
Yield (t ha-1)
(days)
2010-11
2011-12 2010-11 2011-12 2010-11 2011-12 2010-11 2011-12 2010-11 2011-12
53.99
61.44
64.03
64.03
68.29
64.03
67.44
70.12
72.34
71.55
64.12
66.19
70.12
72.00
72.77
69.12
70.00
70.61
72.26
0.52
1.52

51.76
63.12
65.09
62.55
67.19
68.28
67.19
72.12
72.69
72.47
67.42
65.33
68.44
71.14
72.89
68.44
69.05
72.69
71.59
0.10
0.30

12.96
14.55
14.67
16.15
15.09
15.18
15.27
15.55

15.75
15.85
15.85
15.95
15.85
16.33
16.56
16.16
16.10
16.06
15.92
0.30
0.87

13.63
16.23
16.61
16.81
16.59
16.73
17.23
17.32
17.77
17.86
18.76
18.87
18.98
19.24
19.41
19.32

18.82
19.28
18.73
0.11
0.33

147

68.92
75.29
75.34
75.69
82.14
81.83
80.34
80.67
80.93
81.33
81.13
81.74
81.12
82.41
83.91
80.48
82.23
77.72
77.13
0.15
0.44

70.13
77.16
78.25
79.48
80.07
81.32
82.17
82.61
83.25
83.57
81.80
81.95
82.56
83.15
84.30
81.74
82.53
81.41
80.71
0.04
0.11

9.48
11.39
11.69
11.82
12.19
12.42
12.66
12.82

13.14
13.24
12.91
12.97
13.14
13.53
13.76
13.33
13.17
13.07
12.81
0.01
0.08

9.92
12.35
12.57
12.83
13.64
13.77
13.93
14.00
14.55
14.73
15.45
15.49
15.62
15.83
16.36
15.77

15.57
14.91
14.71
0.08
0.23

5.18
7.13
7.43
7.65
8.14
8.63
9.18
9.00
9.12
9.27
8.91
7.45
8.83
10.21
10.63
10.18
9.88
10.00
9.56
0.02
0.08

5.82
8.85

9.26
9.58
10.47
10.91
11.55
11.31
11.36
11.81
12.28
12.12
12.49
13.52
14.50
13.84
13.54
13.14
12.66
0.03
0.08


Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(11): 143-151

Table.3 Effect of nutrients and PGR on quality parameters in strawberry cv. Chandler
Treatments
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5

T6
T7
T8
T9
T10
T11
T12
T13
T14
T15
T16
T17
T18
T19
SE±
CD at 5%

Berry length (mm)
2010-11 2011-12
22.74
24.13
25.75
27.38
25.90
27.73
26.14
27.65
26.46
27.72
26.81

28.46
26.90
28.25
27.56
30.29
27.70
30.94
27.80
30.72
28.55
29.70
28.73
29.38
28.84
29.50
30.61
32.33
30.92
32.66
30.86
32.53
29.95
30.84
29.84
30.69
29.66
30.88
0.02
0.04
0.07

0.12

Berry breadth (mm)
2010-11
2011-12
15.56
16.61
17.79
19.80
17.89
19.71
18.15
19.61
19.70
20.55
19.79
20.44
19.93
20.37
20.12
20.71
20.32
20.92
20.42
20.88
19.76
20.38
19.89
20.35
19.80

20.28
20.10
20.89
21.24
21.41
20.86
21.27
19.90
20.85
19.84
20.57
19.73
20.54
0.02
0.03
0.06
0.09

Berry weight (g)
2010-11 2011-12
6.75
6.45
7.73
7.87
7.85
8.09
7.99
8.20
8.25
8.43

8.57
8.17
8.95
9.11
8.67
8.38
8.57
8.78
8.65
8.81
8.52
8.73
7.09
8.59
8.29
8.79
9.31
9.38
9.54
9.74
9.42
9.64
9.26
9.53
9.45
9.68
9.21
9.46
0.30
0.07

0.88
0.22

148

Berry volume (cc)
2010-11 2011-12
6.84
6.80
7.91
7.97
7.97
8.11
8.06
8.20
8.46
8.83
8.71
8392
8.87
9.29
8.98
9.03
8.83
8.91
8.64
8.95
8.87
8.89
8.72

8.77
8.53
9.56
9.43
9.48
9.63
9.79
9.54
9.69
9.46
9.61
9.55
9.68
9.26
9.59
0.02
0.04
0.07
0.12

TSS (oB)
2010-11 2011-12
7.23
7.45
7.70
8.33
7.88
8.85
8.17
8.62

8.41
8.83
8.74
9.08
9.09
9.12
9.21
9.26
8.96
9.10
8.78
8.91
8.15
8.43
8.29
8.52
8.41
8.39
9.20
9.34
9.39
9.46
8.77
9.07
9.13
9.35
9.24
9.26
9.05
9.28

0.02
0.02
0.07
0.09

Acidity (%)
2010-11 2011-12
0.68
0.77
0.77
0.76
0.77
0.79
0.74
0.80
0.76
0.73
0.76
0.82
0.73
0.83
0.66
0.81
0.71
0.83
0.71
0.80
0.73
0.75
0.65

0.81
0.82
0.79
0.67
0.80
0.65
0.74
0.76
0.85
0.74
0.81
0.72
0.73
0.76
0.73
NS
NS


Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(11): 143-151

The present results showed that decreased
vegetative growth by PP333 improved the
development of flower buds. Studies have
shown that PP333 is needed to be applied
annually to increase the number of flower and
fruit yields in strawberry (Shakeri et al.,
2009). Abolfazl et al., (2012) also stated that
PP333 strongly increased yield and sexual
growth of strawberry.

and metabolism of carbohydrates. As nitrogen
and potassium are essential to many of plant
metabolic processes such as synthesis of
proteins, nucleic acids, coenzymes, secondary
metabolism products, enzyme activation,
osmotic
regulation,
energy
transfer,
respiration and photosynthesis, among many
other important processes (CastellanosMorales et al 2010), therefore, increased berry
set and number of berries per plant in the
present investigation might be due to the
cumulative effect of nutrients (nitrogen and
potassium) on plant physiology and restricted
vegetative growth by PP333, which might have
resulted in the formation of more metabolites
resulting into more flowering and fruit set
(McArthur and Eaton 1988).

The yield of strawberry was significantly
influenced by various nutrient combinations
with plant growth regulators (Table 2). The
berry yield was significantly highest in T15
during both 2010-11 and 2011-12 (10.63 and
14.50 t ha-1). The increase or decrease in yield
is entirely depends upon the increase or
decrease on total number of fruits plant-1 and
maximum size of fruits. Current results

authenticated that application of nitrogen and
potassium resulted in more number of fruits
per plant in strawberry. This could be
attributed to the fact that a higher nutritional
dose helps in vigorous and enhanced growth
in strawberries helping the plants to bear a
higher number of fruits per plants. This
phenomenon is justified by increased
carbohydrates synthesis due to increased
chlorophyll content of the foliage thus
resulting increase number of fruits per plant
(Maynard 1962). Nitrogen is a key nutrient in
crop growth and yield, because it affects
photosynthesis and dry matter partitioning
among organs. In strawberry plants, nitrogen
deficiency reduces carbon allocation to fruits,
fruit number and yield (Deng and Woodward
1998). Thus the effect of nitrogen deficiency
on potential fruit yield might be confined to
the inhibition of branch crown proliferation
and the lack of available sites for flower
initiation (Abbott AJ 1968). Similarly,
potassium, the most abundant of cations
present in phloem sap (almost 80%), helps in
the production of sugar and transporting it
through the phloem into sink organs.
Potassium has crucial role in photosynthesis

The present investigation exhibited significant
influence of nutrients and PGR on quality

attributes of strawberry. Among different
treatments, T15 significantly exhibited
superiority to berry length (30.92 and 32.66
mm), breadth (21.21 and 21.41 mm), weight
(9.54 and 9.74 g) and volume (9.63 and 9.79
cc) in 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively,
which was statistically at par with T18, T16,
T14, T19, T17, T7 and T8 for berry weight in
2010-11, T18, T16 and T17 for berry weight in
2011-12, T16 and T18 for berry volume in
2011-12 and T16 for berry length in 2010-11
(Table 3). The increase in berry size, weight
and volume may be due to the better supply of
nutrients and metabolites to the berries by
nutrients and growth retardant treatments
(McArthur and Eaton 1988). Paclobutrazol
appears to increase leaf chlorophyll per unit
leaf area and enhance the photosynthetic
capability of strawberry (Deyton et al., 1991).
Thus, increased translocation of assimilates
from leaves to the developing fruits might be
responsible for the increase of berry size and
berry weight in strawberry. The TSS was
significantly more in T15, while titrable
acidity was non-significant. Thus the
application of nutrients in combination with
149


Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(11): 143-151

PP333 might have played regulatory role on
the absorption and translocation of various
metabolites like carbohydrates which affected
the quality of fruits. This study implies
synergistic effects of fertilisers (nitrogen and
potassium) with GA3 on growth while with
PP333 on flowering, yield and quality
attributes of strawberry cv. Chandler.

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How to cite this article:
Avnish Kumar Pandey, Sanjay Pathak and Prananath Barman and Shailendra K. Dwivedi.
2020. Influence of Nutrients and Plant Growth Regulators on Growth, Flowering and Yield
Characteristics of Strawberry cv. Chandler. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 9(11): 143-151.
doi: />
151