Cau gian tiep

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Indirect speech

Indirect speech

Indirect speech

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I. Indirect speech

( câu gián ti p)

ế

1. Cách s d ng

ử ụ

ví d :

ụ

a. “I’ll send you a postcard when I arrive in London”,

Mary said to Daisy

Mary said to Daisy that she would send Daisy a

postcard when she arrived in London

b. “I have made many mistakes”, he said to me.

He said to me that he had made many mistakes

Câu gián ti p dùng đ t ng thu t l i l i nói

ế

ể ườ

ậ ạ ờ

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2. Nh ng s thay đ i khi chuy n câu tr c ti p sang câu gián ti pữ ự ổ ể ự ế ế

a. “I was born in 1980”, she said She said that she was born
in 1980

Thay đ i đ i t nhân x ng d a vào l i d n tr c ti p ( l i d n ổ ạ ừ ư ự ờ ẫ ự ế ờ ẫ

tr c ti p: “….. ”,she said)ự ế

b. 1. “I have made many mistakes”, he said to me.

He said to me that he had made many mistakes

2. “I will send you a postcard when I arrive in London”, Mary said to
Daisy

Mary said to Daisy that she would send Daisy a postcard when she
arrived in London

S thay đ i v các thì. Chúng ta có các quy t c thay đ i c ự ổ ề ắ ổ ụ

th nh sau:ể ư

tr c ti pự ế gián ti pế

TLĐ (will/shall) would/ should

can/ may could/ might

HTĐ QKĐ

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c. 1. “Last year, I came to visit my grandparents”, Lan said

Lan said that the previous year, she had come to visit h ẻ

grandparents.

2. “I will meet you here tomorrow”, John said to me.

John said that he would meet me there the day after.

Thay đ i đ i t ch đ nh và tr ng t ch th i gian, c th ổ ạ ừ ỉ ị ạ ừ ỉ ờ ụ ể

nh sau:ư

This that These those

Now then here there

Last week the week before/ the previous week
This week that week

Next week the week after/ the following week
This year that year

today that day

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3. Nh ng tr ng h p không ph i đ i thì khi chuy n câu tr c ti p sang câu ữ ườ ợ ả ổ ể ự ế

gián ti pế

a. “I was born in 1980”, she said She said that she was born

in1980.

trong câu tr c ti p có m c th i gian xác đ nhụ ế ố ờ ị

b. “The Earth goes around the Sun”, scientists said.

Scientists said that the Earth goes around the Sun

câu tr c ti p nói v s th t hi n nhiên, chân lý luôn luôn đúngự ế ề ự ậ ể

c. “I often get up late”, said he. He said that he often gets up
late

câu tr c ti p nói v thói quen c a ai đóự ế ề ủ

d. Câu tr c ti p có “should/ had better/ ought to/ used to…..ự ế

e. Câu tr c ti p có c u trúc “It + tobe + time/ high time + sb + Ved/ Vp1 ự ế ấ
(Ai đó đã đ n lúc ph i làm gì)ế ả

Ví d : “It was high time you did your homework”, Janne said to Davidụ

Janne said to David that it was high time he did his homework

f. Câu tr c ti p là câu đi u ki n lo i 2 và lo i 3, ho c các mênh đ gi đ nh ự ế ề ệ ạ ạ ặ ề ả ị

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4. Cách chuy n câu tr c ti p sang gián ti p d ng câu h i

ể

ự

ế

ế ở ạ

ỏ

a.

WH – questions

Ví d : 1. “what time ụ does the film begin?”, he said

He asked what time the film began.

2. “Where are you from?”, she asked me.
She asked me where I was from.

S + ask / want to know/ wonder….+ (O) + WH_ words +

Sb + V / tobe +….

b. YES_NO – questions

Ví d : 1. “ụ Are you busy now?”, he asked Anna.

He asked Anna if/ whether she was busy then.
2. “Does she come here?”, Miss Smith asked Tim.
Miss Smith asked Tim if/ whether she came there

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