conditional sentences

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<b>BS 10 : </b> <b>CONDITIONAL SENTENCES</b>
<b>Presentation</b>

Type IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE USAGE

1 Simple present
S + V ( s /es )

Simple future

S + will + bare inf. - dùng để diển tả sự việc có thể xảy ra ở
hiện tại hoặc tương
lai .

2 Past subjunctive
S + V ( ed/ 2)
Be were

Present conditional
would

should

S + could + bare inf.
might

- dùng để diển tả điều
kiện không thể thực
hiện được ở hiện tại
hoặc tương lai .
3 Past perfect

S +had + Vpp

Present perfect conditional.
should

S + would have +Vpp
could

might

- dùng để diển tả điều
kiện không thể thực
hiện ở trong quá khứ .

<b>Note:</b>

Trong điều kiện loại 1 , thay vì dùng "simple future" ( will + bare inf. ) , ở mệnh
đề chính, ta có thể dùng "can / may / must + bare inf. hay " mệnh lệnh cách " ( bắt đầu
bằng động từ nguyên mẫu không : "to'' hay " don't inf. "

Ex : If you try hard , you can pass the exam .
If you see Mary , give her this book .
<b>Các ví dụ minh họa :</b>

Ex1: If it rains , I 'll stay at home .

Ex2: If I were you , I would tell him the truth .

Ex3: If Tom had seen the film , he would have enjoyed

it.

II. Practice:

I. Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses :
1. If she ( read ) in bad light , she 'll ruin her eyes .

2. If I ( know ) that there was a test yesterday , I ( study )

3. Please ( paint ) the chair before you leave if you have enough time .
4. I could understand the French teacher if he ( speak ) more slowly .
5. If I had asked you , you ( accept ) ?

II. Rewrite the following sentences , using conditional sentences
1. David failed the exam because he was so lazy .

2. Mary isn't home right now . We can't visit her .

3. I didn't meet John yesterday . I didn't tell him what happened .
4. They don't understand the problem .They won't find out the solution
5. People drive very fast , so there are so many accidents .

III. Find out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them .
1. Janet will be disappointed if she 'll fail the exam .

2. If Peter had been more carefully , he wouldn't break the camera .
3. If I were you , I won't lend John any money .

4. She 'd be happier if she doesn't have to work so hard .
5. If the bus doesn't come soon , I would walk home .

IV. Complete the following sentences :

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5. She could go out if...
V. Match a line in A with a line in B

A B

1. If Tony rings,

2. If I'm not back by 8.00,
3. if he were in .

4. If I had more time

5. If you had spoke more slowly .

A. He might have understood
B. Don't wait for me .

C. Tell him I'm at Ann's .

D. I might do an everning class on
photography .

E. He would answer the phone

<b>HOMEWORK :</b>

I. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in
parentheses .

1. Tom is busy now . If he ( not / be ) busy , he (help ) us .
2. We could tell you more about it if we ( have ) more time .
3. If she leaves now , she ( not /be ) late .

4. If I hadn't woken up late this morning , I (not / miss ) my bus

5. It 's a pity you didn't take the trip last week . If you ( take ) the trip you ( see ) a
lot of beautiful sigh

II. Rewrite the following sentences ,beginning the given words
1. If she doesn't rest , she will be ill .

Unless ...
2. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes .
If...

3. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough money .
If we ...

4. Without this treatment , the patient would die.
If he ...

5. I don't have enough time so I can't finish that work
If ...
6. We didn't go by air only because we hadn't enough money .
If we ...
7. She 'll take us to the circus . She 'll get some tickets .
If she ...

8. It rained all the time .perhaps that's why he didn't enjoy his visit .
If it ...

9. They don't clean the window , so the rooms look rather dark .
If they ...

10. People drive very fast . That 's why there are so many accidents .
If ...

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<b>GOOD LUCK TO YOU</b>

<b>PERIOD 9:</b> <b>EXERCISES ON CONDITIONAL SENTENCES</b>

<b>I.</b> <b>Choose the best answer</b>

1. They ...angry if you didn’t visit them.

a. would be b. should be c. would d. should
2. What would you do if you ... a million dollars?

a. win b. won c. had won d. will win

3. What will happen if the air ...?

a. was polluted b.be polluted c. is polluted d. has polluted
4. He wouldn’t have had an accident if he ... more carefully.

a. drives b. drove c. had driven d. was driving
5. If you ... better last night, you wouldn’t have been so tired.

a. sleep b. had slept c. was sleeping d. slept
6. If I had noticed him, I ... hello to him .

a. say b. said c. would say d. would have said
7. If he ... with us now, he ... the beauty of the nature of the
National Park

a. is / can enjoy b. was/ will enjoy c. had/would enjoyed d. were/ could enjoy
8. Would you mind if I ... in the room?

a. smoke b. smoked c. would smoke d. had smoked
9. You can’t get higher result ... .

a. if you work hard b. unless you work harder

c. if you worker harder d. unless you will not work harder
10. Can you imagine what ... if everyone ...

a. will happen / can fly b. would happen / could fly
c. had happen / could have flown d. happened / will have flown
11. ... for work early, he could have caught the bus.

a. If Peter left b. Peter left c. had Peter left d.If had Peter left
12. Jane ...in such a trouble if she had been more carefully when typing the
contract.

a. won’t be b. wouldn’t be c. won’t have been d. wouldn’t have been
13. If I. . . . .his address, I would give it to you.

a know b. would known c. knew d. had known

14. Tom got to the station in time to catch his train.

a. If he had missed it, he would have been late for his interview.
b. If he missed it, he would have been late for his interview.
c. If he had missed it, he would be late for his interview.
d. If he had missed it, he would had be late for his interview.
15. He stepped on the mine, and it exploded.

a. If he doesn’t step on the mine , it doesn’t explode.
b. If he doesn’t step on the mine , it won’t explode.
c. If he didn’t step on the mine , it wouldn’t explode.

d. If he hadn’t stepped on the mine , it wouldn’t have exploded.

16. It may rain this afternoon.I hope it doesn’t because I don’t want the match to be
cancelled

a. If it rains, the match is cancelled.
b. If it rains, the match will be cancelled
c. If it rained , the match would be cancelled

d. If it had rained, the match would have been cancelled

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a. If I know Philosophy, I can answer your question.
b. If I know Philosophy, I will be answer your question.

c. If I knew Philosophy, I would be able to answer your question.

d. If I had known Philosophy, I would have been to answer your question.
18. I/ if/ be/ ill/ not/ absent/ school/ from/ be/ yesterday/.

a. If I hadn’t been ill, I wouldn’t be absent from school yesterday
b. If I wasn’t ill, I wouldn’t have been absent from school yesterday
c. If I have been ill, I wouldn’t have been absent from school yesterday
d. If I hadn’t been ill, I wouldn’t have been absent from school yesterday

19. If / parents / my / exam / my / pass / I / be / very / happy / last year.
a. If I had passed my exam last year, my parents would have been very happy.
b. If I pass my exam last year, my parents would be very happy.

c. If I had passed my exam last year, my parents will be very happy.
d. If I will pass my exam , my parents would be very happy.

20. Peter cannot go out for lunch because his car is broken.
a. In spite of his broken car, Peter will go out for lunch.
b. If his car is not broken, Peter will go out for lunch.
c If his car were not broken, Peter could go out for lunch.
d.Unless his car were not broken, Peter could go out for lunch .

<b>II..Find out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them .</b>
1. Janet will be disappointed if she 'll fail the exam .

2. If Peter had been more careful , he wouldn't break the camera .
3. If I were you , I won't lend John any money .

4. She 'd be happier if she doesn't have to work so hard .
5. If the bus doesn't come soon , I would walk home .
6. If Tom had been here yesterday , he would advise us.
7. If I had had a dictionary now, I could look the word up.

8. I could go to class if I hadn’t been sick yesterday.
9. If it didn’t rain, we would have finished the game.
10. Don’t give me a ring if you want a chat.

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