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水妖的岛©T 之天堂
语法笔记
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版权所有 水妖的岛
仅供大家考 TOEFL 参考只用,未经许可,任何人不得将其做商业用途
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1

TOEFL
普林斯顿样题
3
语法笔记

编委:Diaboss

1. Cobalt resembles iron and nickel in tensile strength, appearance, ---.
(A) is hard
(B) although hard
(C) has hardness
(D) and hardness
Key:D
分析:考点是并列平行结构。介词后为平行结构,正确答案为 D。
(A)两个谓语动词,使句子结构混乱;
(B)although 为连词,后面不能接形容词;
(C)理由同(A)。
参考译文:钴在张力、外观和硬度方面与铁和镍类似。


2. --- who was the first Black woman to run for the office of President of the United States


in1972.
(A) Shirley S. Chisholm
(B) It was Shirley S. Chisholm
(C) Shirley S. Chisholm was
(D) When Shirley S. Chisholm
Key:B
分析:考点是 it 引导的强调句型。很明显该句为强调句型,答案为(B)。
(A)、(B)、(C)使句子结构混乱。
水妖的岛©T 之天堂
语法笔记
/>

版权所有 水妖的岛
仅供大家考 TOEFL 参考只用,未经许可,任何人不得将其做商业用途
如需要转载,请注明出处

2
参考译文:1972 年 Shirley S. Chisholm 成为第一位竞选美国总统的黑人妇女。


3. --- versatile performer, soprano Kathleen Battle has often concluded a program of art
songs and arias with selections from ragtime or popular music.
(A) A
(B) Which
(C) So
(D) Because
Key:A
分析:考点是主谓结构(句子基本结构)。该句的主谓宾齐全,逗号前的成分是主语的同位
语,空格处应该为冠词。
(B)Which 引导的从句缺少谓语;

(C)So 后的名词前缺少冠词;
(D)because 后应该接从句;
参考译文:作为一位多才多艺的表演家,女高音歌唱家 Kathleen Battle 通常选择拉格泰姆音
乐或通俗音乐来结束艺术歌曲和咏叹调节目。


4. Before starting on a sea voyage, prudent navigators learn the sea charts, --- , and
memorize lighthouse locations to prepare themselves for any conditions they might
encounter.
(A) sailing directions are studied
(B) study the sailing directions
(C) to direct sailing studies
(D) studies direct sailing
Key:B
分析:考点是平行结构。该句谓语为并列的动词短语构成的平行结构,答案为 B。
(A)为一个完整的句子,和第一个句子之间缺少连接词,错误;
水妖的岛©T 之天堂
语法笔记
/>

版权所有 水妖的岛
仅供大家考 TOEFL 参考只用,未经许可,任何人不得将其做商业用途
如需要转载,请注明出处

3
(C)不定式不能直接作谓语;
(D)主语为复数名词,谓语动词不能用单数形式。
参考译文:在开始海上航行之前,谨慎的航海家们钻研航海图,学习航海指导,并且记忆灯
塔的位置以便为任何可能遇到的状况做好准备。



5. --- social nesting birds that build their nests in trees and on cliffs.
(A) The most storks
(B) Most are storks
(C) Most storks are
(D) Storks most
Key:C
分析:考点是主谓结构(句子基本结构)。空格处缺少句子的主语和谓语,故(C)正确。
(A)使句子缺少谓语;
(B)使句子宾语重复;
(D)使句子缺少谓语。
参考译文:绝大多数的鹳都群居并且筑巢,它们的巢建在树和悬崖上。


6. Plankton, --- , is the basic foodstuff for everything that lives in the ocean.
(A) comprise both minute marine animals and plants
(B) is the name given to minute marine animals and plants
(C) the collective name for minute marine animals and plants
(D) minute marine animals and plants collectively that
Key:C
分析:考点是同位语。句子主谓宾齐全,空格处应该为主语的同位语。只有(C)是名词性
短语。
(A)构成句子的谓语使谓语重复;
水妖的岛©T 之天堂
语法笔记
/>

版权所有 水妖的岛
仅供大家考 TOEFL 参考只用,未经许可,任何人不得将其做商业用途
如需要转载,请注明出处


4
(B)理由同(A);
(D)使句子结构混乱。
参考译文:浮游生物是微小海洋动植物的总称,也是所有海洋生物基本的食物来源。


7. The best-known diffuse nebula is the great Orion Nebula,--- can be seen by the naked
eye.
(A) one
(B) it
(C) which
(D) who
Key:C
分析:考点是定语从句。逗号后为定语从句,空格处应该为定语从句的引导词。
(A)、(B)都不是引导词。定语从句修饰 great Orion Nebula, 而(D)who 指代人,错
误。
参考译文:最广为人知的弥漫星云是猎户座大星云,它能用肉眼看见。


8. Of all the economically important plants, palms have been --- .
(A) the least studied
(B) study the least
(C) study less and less
(D) to study the less
Key:A
分析:考点是形容词最高级固定搭配。the least/most+分词/形容词或副词为固定搭配。故只
有(A)正确。
参考译文:在所有具有经济上重要性的植物中,棕榈是人们研究最少的。



9. Most amphibians hatch from eggs laid in water or moist ground, and begin life ---
水妖的岛©T 之天堂
语法笔记
/>

版权所有 水妖的岛
仅供大家考 TOEFL 参考只用,未经许可,任何人不得将其做商业用途
如需要转载,请注明出处

5
water-dwelling larvae.
(A) such
(B) as
(C) to be
(D) are
Key:B
分析:考点是固定搭配。begin sth. as+名词是固定搭配,故只有(B)正确。
参考译文:绝大多数两栖动物从产在水里或潮湿地面上的卵中孵化出来,并且以水生幼虫的
形式开始生活。


10. At the Seventh International Ballet Competitions, Fernando Bujones won the first gold
medal ever --- to a United States male dancer.
(A) to be awarded
(B) to award
(C) that awards
(D) should be awarding
Key:A
分析:考点是动词的语态。the first+名词+(ever)to do 是固定短语。而根据句子意思应

该用被动语态,故只有(A)正确。
参考译文:在第七届国际芭蕾舞竞赛上,Fernando Bujones 为美国男舞蹈家赢得了历史上第
一块金牌。


11. Founded around 1075, the Acoma pueblo is considered --- settlement in the United
States.
(A) the oldest continuously occupied
(B) occupied continuously the oldest
(C) the oldest occupied continuously
(D) continuously the oldest occupied
Key:A
水妖的岛©T 之天堂
语法笔记
/>

版权所有 水妖的岛
仅供大家考 TOEFL 参考只用,未经许可,任何人不得将其做商业用途
如需要转载,请注明出处

6
分析:考点是修饰词的语序(the + 最高级+adv+(分词+adj)+noun.+noun)。空格处为名
词 settlement 的定语,其顺序应为定冠词 the 在最前,过去分词 occupied 表示被修饰名词的
状态,放在最后,故(A)正确。
参考译文:建立于 1075 年左右的 Acoma 印第安人村庄被认为是美国最古老的长期聚居地。


12. On March 1, 1867, --- to the Union when President Andrew Johnson’s veto was
overridden.
(A) since the state of Nebraska had been admitted

(B) admitted that the state of Nebraska
(C) the admission of the state of Nebraska
(D) the state of Nebraska was admitted
Key:D
分析:考点是主谓结构(句子基本结构)。空格处应该为句子的主谓部分,故(D)正确。
(A)构成状语从句,但句子缺少主语和谓语,错误;
(B)使句子缺少主语;
(C)使句子缺少谓语。
参考译文:1867 年 3 月 1 日,当 Andrew Johnson 总统的否决被推翻时,内布拉斯加得以成
为美国的一个州。


13. The best known of all the Arctic birds, --- .
(A) birdwatchers favor ptarmigans
(B) being ptarmigans and birdwatchers’ favorites
(C) favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchers
(D) ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers
Key:D
分析:考点是主谓结构(句子基本结构)。空格处缺少句子的主干成分,四个选项中只有(D)

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