Tài liệu Oxford Collocations Dictionary for students of English_ Chương 2.17 docx

00
oar
noun
• VERB
+
OAR
take
We each took an oar.
I
pull. on
We
pulled hard on the oars.
I
ship
Weshipped the oars toget
through the narrow opening.
oath
noun
1formal promise
• ADJ.
sacred, solemn
I
Hippocratic
a doctor's
Hippocratic oath
• VERB
+
OATH
swear, take
He took an oath of alle-
giance to his adopted country.

I
break, violate
• PREP.
-of
an oath of allegiance/ loyalty
2 in a court of law
• VERB
+
OATH
administer
Only a judge
is
allowed to
administer the oath.
• PREP
on - He swore on oath that he had never seen me
before.
under-
Witnesses must testify under oath.
3swear word
• ADJ.
obscene
• QUANT.
stream, string
He muttered a stream of oaths.
• VERB
+
OATH
mutter, utter
oats

noun
• ADJ.
rolled
I
porridge
• QUANT.
field
• VERB
+
OATS
grow
I
sow
I
cut, harvest
• OATS
+
VERB
grow
obedience
noun
• ADJ. absolute, complete, total
He demands absolute
obediencefrom. his men.
I
blind, passive, unquestioning
• VERB
+
OBEDIENCE
demand, exact, expect

I
owe
All clergy owed obedience to their superior.
I
pledge,
swear
• PREP.
in-to
She acted in passiue obedience to her boss's
directions.
I -
to
The slaves had to swear obedience to
their masters.
obey
verb
• ADV.
immediately, instantly
She was used to having
her orders instantly obeyed.
I
automatically, blindly,
meekly, unquestioningly
I
eagerly
I
reluctantly
• VERB
+
OBEY

have to, must
I
refuse to
He refuses to
obey the school rules.
I
fail to
I
be willing to
I
promise to
• PHRASES
be only obeying orders
At the trial the sol-
diers made the excuse that they were only obeying orders. a
duty/an obligation to obey
People have a moral duty to
obey the law.
sth has to be/must be obeyed
Rules are
rules and they must beobeyed.
obituary
noun
• VERB
+
OBITUARY
write
I
print, publish
I

read
• OBITUARY
+
NOUN
column, page
object
noun
1solid thing
• ADJ.
solid
I
inanimate
I
everyday, household
Her
paintings are of ordinary everyday objects.
2 purpose
• ADJ.
main, primary, principal
I
sole
My sole object
is
toget to the bottom of this mystery.
• OBJECT
+
NOUN
lesson
The plans are an object lesson
in how to ruin a city centre.

• PHRASES
the object of the exercise
The object of the
exercise is toscoreas many points aspossible.
object
verb
• ADV.
strenuously, strongly, vehemently
• VERB +
OBJECT
can/could hardly
It was your own
idea in the first place, so you can hardly object now.
I
be
entitled to, have a/the right to
• PREP.
to apetition objecting to the scheme
• PHRASES
object on the grounds that ...
I objected on
thegrounds that it was unkind to the animals.
objection
noun
• ADJ.
serious, strenuous, strong
I
valid
I
main,

major, principal
I
fundamental
I
common
• VERB
+
OBJECTION
lodge, make, raise, state
I
have
I'd like to open a window, unless anyone has any objec-
tions.
I
meet, overcome
I
withdraw
• PREP.
over the -s of
She was appointed over the objec-
tions of certain members of the board.
I -
against
a com-
mon objection against nuclear power -
to
The committee
has raised serious objections to theplans.
objective
noun

• ADJ. key, main, major, primary, prime, principal
I
broad, overall, overriding, ultimate
I
limited, narrow
I
long-term, short-term
I
clear, specific
I
stated
The le-
gislation has failed to achieve its stated objectives.
I
com-
mon
The two groups are pursuing a common objective.
I
economic, educational, environmental, military, polit-
ical, strategic
I
business, policy
• VERB
+
OBJECTIVE
accomplish, achieve, attain, ful-
fil, meet, reach, satisfy, succeed in
The department
needs more money tofulfil its objectives.
I

fail in
I
agree,
define, establish, formulate, identify, set, specify
We
need to establish a clear objective.
I
declare, state
I
pro-
mote, pursue
• PREP.
in an/the-
The party
is
radical in its objectives.
- of
Wesucceeded in our prime objective of cutting costs.
objective
adj.
• VERBS
be, seem
I
remain
• ADV.
truly, very
I
completely, purely, totally, Wholly
It
is

impossible to be completely objective.
I
fairly, quite,
reasonably
I
apparently
I
supposedly
obligation
noun
• ADJ.
contractual, legal, statutory
I
moral, social
I
fi-
nancial
I
family
I can't travel next month because offam-
ilv obligations.
I
professional
I
mutual
• VERB
+
OBLIGATION
discharge, fulfil, meet
The

builders failed to meet their contractual obligations.
I
comply with, honour
I
have
We have a moral obligation
to help.
I
feel
I
owe
I
assume, incur, take on
I
impose
• OBLIGATION
+
VERB
arise from sth
obligations aris-
ingfrom your contract of employment
• PREP.
under an -
I am under no obligation to teli you
my name.
without -
Our mortgage advice
is
gitien free and
without obligation.

I -
to
A lawyer owes an obligation of
confidence to the client.
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obligatory
adj.
• VERBS be
I
become
I
remain
I
make sth
The college
authorities have now made these classes obligatory.
• ADV. almost, practically
I
legally
• PREP.'for
It is obligatory for vets to be registered.
oblige
verb
• ADV duly
The fans were looking for another goal and
Owenduly obliged(=
scored).
I
kindly
• VERB

+
OBLIGE be delighted to, be glad to, be (only
too) happy to, be pleased to, be willing to
The staff are
always happy to oblige. I
hasten to
• PREP. by
Will you oblige by filling in this form?
with
Would you be willing to oblige us with some information?
obliged
adj.
1forced to do sth
• VERBS be, feel
• ADV. virtually
Libel plaintiffs are virtually obliged to
go
into the witness box.
I
by law, contractually, legally
Par-
ents are obliged by law to send their children to school.
I
morally
Ifelt morally obliged to do the best I couldfor her.
2grateful
• VERBS be, feel
• ADV. much
• PREP. for, to
I'm much obliged toyou for helping us.

obliterate
verb
• ADV completely, entirely, totally
The village was total-
ly obliterated by the bomb.
I
almost, virtually
oblivion
noun
• ADJ. political
• VERB
+
OBLIVION fade into, fall into, pass into, sink
into, slide into
I
be rescued from, be saved from
a
minor masterpiece savedfrom oblivion
I
consign to
Most
of his work has now been consigned tooblivion.
• PREP. in -
He died in oblivion in a remote village.
oblivious
adj.
• VERBS appear, be, seem
Chiko appeared oblivious to
the uproar.
I

become
I
remain
I
make sb
His own arro-
gance made him oblivious to the criticisms of others.
• ADV. completely, quite, totally
I
almost
I
apparently,
seemingly
I
clearly
• PREP. of
oblivious of the stares of the whole town
to
She
seemed almost oblivious to the crowds of reporters.
oboe
noun
q
Special page at MUSIC
obscene
adj.
• VERBS be, look
I
declare sth, deem sth, judge sth
The book was declared obscene.

• ADV. really
I
utterly
I
almost
I
allegedly
obscenity
noun
• Q.UANT. stream, string
• VERB
+
OBSCENITY mutter, scream, shout
He shout-
eda stream of obscenities.
obscure
verb
• ADV completely, totally
I
almost
I
largely
I
half,
partially, partly, slightly, somewhat
I
deliberately
All
trace of his working-class background was deliberately ob-
scured.

I
easily
Solo passages in this register are very eas-
ily obscured by other instruments.
• VERB
+
OBSCURE serve to, tend to
The emphasis on
531
observe
social integration often served to obscure the real differ-
ences within the community.
I
allow sth to
• PREP. behind/beneath
The moon was obscured behind
a wall of cloud.
• PHRASES obscure the fact that ...
These figures ob-
scure thefact that a lot of older people live in great poverty.
obscure sth from view
The house wasobscuredfrom view
by a high hedge.
obscure
adj.
• VERBS be, seem
I
become
The origins of the tradition
have become obscure.

I
remain
The motives behind this
decision remain somewhat obscure.
• ADV extremely, very
I
completely, totally
I
largely
I
fairly, rather, relatively, somewhat
obscurity
noun
• ADJ. total
I
comparative, relative
I
political, profes-
sional
I
impenetrable
poems of impenetrable obscurity
• VERB
+
OBSCURITY fade into, sink into, slip into
I
be plucked from, emerge from
After many years, his sci-
entific work emerged from obscurity.
I

be consigned to,
be relegated to
• PREP. in -
Hespent his early life in relative obscurity.
observant
adj.
• VERBS be, seem
I
become
• ADV. acutely, highly, very
She was intelligent and
highly observant.
I
fairly, quite
observation
noun
1examination
• ADJ. careful, close, detailed
I
direct
I
systematic
I
casual
I
empirical, scientific
I
clinical
I
astronomical

• PREP. for -
She was admitted to hospital for observa-
tion.
under -
The police have had him under observation
for several weeks.
I -
of
The survey was based on direct ob-
servation of over 500schools.
• PHRASES powers of observation
an artist with acute
powers of observation
2 remark
• ADJ. general
I
astute, keen, shrewd
I
interesting
• VERB
+
OBSERVATION make
• PREP. - about
He smiled, and made some observation
about the weather. -
on
her witty observations on life
observe
verb
1notice/watch

• ADV carefully, closely
I
precisely
I
directly
It is not
possible to observe this phenomenon directly, but its effects
can be seen in the rise inglobal temperatures.
I
actually
It
is the parents who actually observe these behavioural
problems in their children.
I
just, simply
You can learn a
lot by simply observing.
I
generally, normally
I
quietly
She stood there, quietly observing the domestic scene.
I
se-
cretly
I
experimentally
This phenomenon has been ob-
served experimentally.
• VERB

+
OBSERVE be able to
I
be possible
I
be diffi-
cult to
I
be interesting to
It is interesting to observe the
reaction of the children to these changes.
• PREP. from
unaware that she was being observed from
the window
• PHRASES be commonly/frequently/widely observed
This behaviour is commonly observed among several spe-
ciesoffinch.
be easily/readily observed, an opportunity
to observe sb/sth
2 make a remark
• ADV. correctly, justly, rightly, shrewdly
She correctly
observed that there was very little difference between the
two parties on domestic policies.
I
drily, sardonically,
wryly
I
tartly
I

coldly, coolly
'You took your time,' he
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observer
observed coolly.
I
conversationally
I
mildly, quietly
I
sadly
• PREP.
to
'It's easyfor him tosay that, 'she observed tart-
ly toMichael, 'but can heprove it?'
3obey rules
• ADV correctly, faithfully, scrupulously, strictly This
procedure must be correctly observed.
• VERB
+
OBSERVE fail to
• PHRASES failure to observe sth Failure to observe
club rules may result in expulsion.
observer
noun
• ADJ. casual To the casual observer, it would have
looked like any other domestic argument.
I
informed
I

accurate, acute, astute, careful, experienced, keen, sea-
soned, shrewd
I
sceptical
I
sympathetic
I
detached,
impartial, neutral
I
external, independent, outside Inde-
pendent observers will monitor the elections.
I
foreign,
international
I
American, Western, etc.
I
industry,
military Some military obseruers fear the US could get en-
tangled in another war.
I
human
• VERB
+
OBSERVER send sending observers to check
the conduct of the elections
I
attend sth as
I

impress,
puzzle, strike, surprise The suddenness of this move sur-
prised many observers.
• OBSERVER
+
VERB attend sth The talks were attend-
ed by observers from eight Arab countries and Israel. I
monitorsth
• OBSERVER
+
NOUN status The country was granted
observer status at the summit.
• PREP. as an - I attended the conference as an observer.
obsession
noun
• ADJ. dangerous, unhealthy
I
current
• VERB
+
OBSESSION become Don't let this interest of
yours become an obsession.
• PREP. - with I don't understand television's current ob-
session with cookery programmes.
• PHRASES in the grip of an obsession He was in the
grip of an obsession and would not listen toreason.
obsolete
adj.
• VERBS be
I

become
I
make sth, render sth Their
work is now rendered obsolete by machines.
• ADV. totally
I
increasingly
I
largely
I
almost, prac-
tically, virtually
obstacle
noun
• ADJ. big, chief, main, major
I
enormous, formidable,
serious The attitude of the unions is a serious obstacle. I
impossible, insuperable, insurmountable Lack of
money has proved an almost insurmountable obstacle.
• VERB + OBSTACLE pose, prove, remain I come
across, encounter
I
overcome, remove, surmount
He
was determined to overcome all obstacles in his way.
• PREP. - for Lack of childcare provision can be a major
obstacle for women wishing to work. -
to
The huge dis-

tances involved have proved an obstacle to communication
between villages.
• PHRASES an obstacle in the path/way (of sb/sth) The
release of prisoners remains an obstacle in the path of a
peace agreement.
obstruct
verb
• ADV deliberately, wilfully (law) wilfully obstructing a
police officer in the execution of his duty
• PREP. in
obstruction
noun
• ADJ. physical I unlawful, wilful
(law)
I
bureaucratic
532
The asylum seekers had to contend with continued bureau-
cratic obstruction.
• VERB
+
OBSTRUCTION cause, create The lorry had
been parked on the pavement, causing an obstruction.
I
clear, remove She had to have surgery to remove an ob-
structionfrom her throat.
obstructive
adj.
• VERBS be I become
• ADV. positively

I
quite
I
deliberately Hedoesn't really
have an alternative suggestion; he'sjust being deliberately
obstructive.
obtain
verb
• ADV fraudulently, unlawfully (law)
• VERB
+
OBTAIN be able/unable to
I
attempt to,
endeavour to
I
fail to
I
assist sb to, enable sb to The
local authority may assist you toobtain alternative accom-
modation.
I
be easy to, be possible to
I
be difficult to,
be impossible to goods which are difficult to obtain
I
be
necessary to, be required to, need to It is necessary toob-
tain thepatients' consent.

• PREP. from Anglers are required to obtain prior author-
izationfrom. the park keeper.
• PHRASES be easily obtained Such information is eas-
ily obtained from the Internet. sth can/may be obtained
Details of this offer can be obtained from. any of our stores.
a means/method/way of obtaining sth
obtainable
adj.
• VERBS be
I
become
• ADV. easily, readily
I
commercially
obvious
adj.
• VERBS appear, be, look, seem, sound
I
become It
soon became obvious that the machine did not work.
I
make sth His manner made it obvious he didn't like her.
• ADV blatantly, blindingly, extremely, glaringly, pa-
tently, transparently, very
I
completely, perfectly, quite
The answer is perfectly obvious!
I
increasingly
I

by no
means, far from, less than, not at all, not entirely It was
far from obvious how they weregoing to get off the island.
I
a bit, fairly, pretty, rather
I'm
not going to tellJim about
this.forfairly obuious reasons.
I
apparently, seemingly
I
immediately It was immediately obvious that the bag was
too heavy.
I
intuitively Avoid making intuitively obvious
but unfounded assertions.
I
depressingly, distressingly,
painfully It was becoming painfully obvious that the two
of them had nothing in common.
• PREP.
to
It is obvious to me that you're unhappy in your
job.
occasion
noun
1time when sth happens
• ADJ. many, numerous It was thefirst of many such oc-
casions.
I

rare
I
previous
I
separate
• VERB
+
OCCASION recall, remember
• PREP. on an/the - The police were called out on 24 separ-
ate occasions.
on
-ts)
He has even been known to go shop-
ping himself on occasion.
• PHRASES a number of occasions I have stayed there
on a number of occasions. on one occasion On one occa-
sion he even rang me in the middle of the night. on
that/this- On this occasion, as it happens, the engine start-
ed immediately.
2suitable time
• ADJ. right, suitable
• OCCASION + VERB arise F
II
speak to him if the occa·
sion arises.
• PREP. -for Itshould have been an occasionfor rejoicing.
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• PHRASES
have occasion to do sth
Last year we had oc-

casion to visit relatives in Cornwall.
3special event
• ADJ.
auspicious, big, great, important, memorable,
momentous, special
I
festive, happy, joyous
I
formal,
sad, solemn
I
social
I
ceremonial, state
The Queen's
coach is only usedfor state occasions.
• VERB + OCCASION
celebrate, mark
a party to mark
the occasion of their daughter's graduation
I rise to
The
choir rase to the occasion and sang beautifully.
• PHRASES
for all occasions, for every occasion
Wesell
cards and notepaper for all occasions.
a sense of occa-
sion
On the day of the wedding there was a real sense of oc-

casion.
occupant
noun
• ADJ.
current, former, next, original, present, previous
I
sole
The sole occupant of the car was an elderly man.
occupation
noun
1job
• ADJ.
full-time I dangerous, hazardous
I
female,
male
Agricultural work is traditionally seen as a male oc-
cupation.
I low-paid, well-paid
I
high-status, low-
status
I
sedentary
I
managerial, professional, tech-
nical I skilled, unskilled I manual, non-manual
I
blue-
collar, white-collar

I
industrial, service
service occupa-
tions such as cleaning and catering
• VERB + OCCUPATION
choose, find I take up
I
fol-
low
The people interviewed followed a variety of occupa-
tions
I
give up
He gave up his occupation as afarmer and
became a teacher.
I
resume
I
provide (sb with)
• PHRASES
a range of occupations
The collegeprovides
training in a wide range of occupations.
2control of another country
• ADJ.
continuing I military
• VERB + OCCUPATION
begin, take up
I
be/remain in

I
give up
The invaders have given up occupation of large
parts of the territories.
I
resume
• OCCUPATION + VERB
begin, end
• OCCUPATION + NOUN
force, power
I
zone
• PREP.
during the -
During the occupation, the church
was used as a mosque.
under-
Large parts of Britain were
under Roman occupation.
3 living in a room, house, etc.
• ADJ.
exclusive
I
joint, multiple
the conversion of big
old buildings to multiple occupation
I
peaceful
the right
topeacefuloccupationoftheproperty

I
land
I
illegal, un-
lawful
illegal occupation of thepremises
• VERB
+
OCCUPATION
take up
Youcan only take up oc-
cupation once the tenancy has been signed.
I be/remain
in, enjoy
I
share
I
give up
I
resume
• PREP.
in - of
He intends to remain in occupation of the
building for as long as possible.
• PHRASES
ready for occupation
Theflats will be ready
for occupation by March.
unfit for occupation
The houses

werejudged to be unfit for human occupation.
occupied
adj.
1being used by sb
• VERBS be
• ADV
densely
the most densely occupied areas of the
country
I entirely
The sofa was entirely occupied by two
large cats.
I
permanently
I
illegally
2 busy
• VERBS
be
I
become
I
keep sb
We need something to
keep the children occupied.
• ADV.
fully
I
chiefly, mainly
I

busily
I
happily
• PREP. in You will be mainly occupied in checking sales
records.
with
She was happily occupied with reading.
533
odour
occur
verb
• ADV.
commonly, frequently
I
infrequently, rarely
I
sporadically
I
naturally
These chemical changes occur
quite naturally.
I
spontaneously
Opportunities for
learning occur spontaneously every day.
• VERB
+
OCCUR
be likely to, tend to
I

be unlikely to
occurrence
noun
• ADJ.
common, everyday, widespread I daily, fre-
quent, regular
I
rare, uncommon
I
isolated
I
strange,
unexpected, unusual
• VERB + OCCURRENCE
prevent
I
predict
• PREP. -
in
These mild fits are quite a common occur-
rence in babies.
• PHRASES
frequency of occurrence
words with a high
frequency of occurrence in language
ocean
noun
• ADJ.
deep
I

vast
I
great
exploring the depths of the
three great oceans
I
open
A storm started up once we got
out into the open ocean.
I
tropical, warm
I
southern
pen-
guins of the southern oceans
• VERB
+
OCEAN
cross, sail
I
explore
• OCEAN
+
NOUN
depths
the darkness of the ocean
depths
I
surface
I

bed, floor
I
basin
I
water
I
wave
a
life on the ocean wave
(=
at sea) I current
I
voyage
I
liner
• PREP.
across the -
trade across the Atlantic Ocean
in
the -
Various toxic substances have been dumped in the
ocean.
• PHRASES
the bottom/depths/middle/surface of the
ocean, the oceans of the world
great ships that sailed the
oceans of the world
October
noun
c;>

Note at
MONTH
odd
adj.
• VERBS
be, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste
I
consider sth, find sth, think sth
Ifind it odd that she takes
so
long to do that job.
0
I didn't think it odd at the time.
• ADV.
decidedly, distinctly, extremely, really, very
There's something distinctly odd about her.
I
a bit, a little,
pretty, quite, rather, slightly, somewhat
odds
noun
• ADJ.
considerable, great, high, impossible, insuper-
able, overwhelming, terrible
She struggled against ter-
rible odds to overcome her illness.
I long, short
Some-
times an outsider will win at long odds, but not often.
0

The
bookmakers are offering only short odds on thefauourite.
• VERB + ODDS
offer, quote
I
lay
r
lllay odds we never
seehim again.
I reduce, shorten I beat, defy, overcome
She defied the odds to beat the clearfavourite.
• ODDS
+
VERB
shorten
I
lengthen
• PREP.
against the-
Thefilm is a heart-warming tale of
triumph against the odds.
I - against
The odds against
their survival have lengthened. -
of
They were offering
odds often to one.
-on
The odds on the outsider were 100-1.
• PHRASES

against all (the) odds
Against all the odds,
wemanaged toget through to thefinal.
odour
noun
• ADJ.
foul, obnoxious, offensive, unpleasant I musty,
stale
I
heavy, pungent, strong
I
faint
I
sweet
I
char-
acteristic, distinctive, familiar, unmistakable
I
body
• VERB
+
ODOUR
emit, give off
• ODOUR + VERB
emanate from sth
• PREP.
-from
odoursfrom the local brewery
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offence

offence
noun
1
illegal act
• ADJ. grave, heinous, major, serious
I
lesser, minor,
petty, trivial
I
alleged
I
statutory
I
arrestable, book-
able, imprisonable, indictable, punishable, sackable
The offence ispunishable by up to three months' imprison-
ment.
I
criminal, disciplinary
I
driving, political, sex-
ual, terrorist
Motorists may befined on the spotfor driving
offences such as speeding.
I
violent
I
drug-related
• PREP. - against
offences against public decency

c:>
Note at
CRIME
(for verbs)
2
hurt feelings
• VERB
+
OFFENCE cause, give
I
take
• PREP. - at
He takes offence at the slightest joke against
him.
-jo
I didn't mean togive offence to anyone.
• PHRASES no offence (intended/meant)
No offence in-
tended, but areyou sure your calculations are right?
offend
verb
• ADV. deeply, gravely, greatly
He knew that he had of-
fended her deeply.
I
mortally
I
slightly
I
easily

He was
very sensitive and easily offended.
• VERB
+
OFFEND be likely to
Omit anything that is
likely tooffend people. I
be anxious not to, be careful not
to, not mean to, take care not to
She stopped mid-
sentence, anxious not tooffend him.
• PREP. against
Viewers complained that the programme
offended against good taste.
• PHRASES feel/look/sound offended
She sounded of-
fended when she replied.
offender
noun
1 person who commits a crime
• ADJ. alleged
I
convicted
I
first
As a first offender, he
received a lenient sentence.
I
persistent
I

adult, juvenile,
young
I
sex
• VERB + OFFENDER sentence
2sb/sth
that causes trouble
• ADJ. main, worst
As regards pollution, old diesel-
engined vehicles are the worst offenders.
offensive
noun
• ADJ. all-out, full-scale, major
I
army, guerrilla, mili-
tary, terrorist
I
air, bombing
I
ground
I
diplomatic,
government
• VERB
+
OFFENSIVE launch, mount
I
be on, go on,
take
She took the offensive, challenging her critics toprove

their allegations.
• PREP. - against
The government is launching an all-
out offensive against the drug cartels
offensive
adj.
• VERBS appear, be, seem
I
become
I
consider sth,
deem sth, find sth, think sth
He's always making rude re-
marks about women. Ifind that deeply offensive.
• ADV. deeply, downright, extremely, grossly, highly,
very
I
quite, rather
I
deliberately
• PREP. to
This sort of attitude is very offensive to black
people.
offer
noun
1
of help or sth that is needed
• ADJ. generous, kind
I
conditional, unconditional

I
job
I
peace
• VERB + OFFER make (sb)
He made mean offer Isimp-
ly couldn't refuse I
withdraw
I
accept, take up
I
de-
cline, refuse, turn down
• PREP. on -
the range of goods on offer
I-
from
I had to
turn down ajob offer from a theatre because the pay was
too low.
-of
They refused our offer of help.
534
2 special price/deal
• ADJ. special
I
cheap
I
free
I got the conditioner in a

free offer with my shampoo.
I
introductory
Your first
order
is
deliueredfree as an introductory offer.
• PREP. on -
Wehave a number of bargains on offer.
3 amount of money
• ADJ. acceptable, attractive, fair, favourable, reason-
able
I
tempting
I
high, low
Werealized we would not get
a higher offer.
I
final, initial
I
firm, formal
Several people
have made enquiries but no one has made afirm. offer.
I
lu-
crative
I
pay
I

takeover
I
cash
• VERB + OFFER make (sb), put in
I
withdraw
I
get,
receive
I
listen to
r
lllisten to any reasonable offer.
I
ac-
cept
I
reject, turn down
I
increase, up
They just kept
upping their offer until I had tosay yes.
• OFFER
+
NOUN price
• PREP. under-
The property
is
currently under offer to a
client.

I-
for
Several people put in an offerfor the house.
- of
They accepted our offer of £80000.
• PHRASES be open to offers
The asking price is £500
but I'm open to offers.
or near offer
They are selling their
carfor £2 500or near offer.
offer
verb
1 give/provide sth; ask if sb would like sth
• ADV. generously, kindly
I
helpfully
I
impulsively
'Do
you need any help?' he offered impulsively.
• VERB
+
OFFER be able/unable to, can/could
the pro-
tection that life insurance can offer I
appear to, seem to
The plan seemed to offer real advantages.
I
fail to

I
be
pleased to
!formal),
would like to
Irefer toyour recent ap-
plication and interview and am pleased to offer you the
post of editor.
I
aim to, seek to
I
claim to
They claim to
offer a more comprehensive service than other firms.
I
be
expected to, be likely to
This investment is likely tooffer a
higher return.
I
be/feel compelled to, be forced to,
be/feel obliged to
Shefelt obliged to offer him a bedfor the
night.
I
have little/a lot/nothing, etc. to, have sth to
This
player has proved that he still has a lot to offer
(=
can still

play well).
o The open evening is a chance to see what the
college has to offer students.
• PREP. to
She offered drinks to her guests.
2 say that you will pay a certain amount
• VERB
+
OFFER be able/unable to, can/could
I
be
prepared to, be ready to, be willing to
Would they bepre-
pared to offer any more?
• PREP. for
They have offered over £500ODOforthe house.
offering
noun
• ADJ. latest
I
peace
I think the present she sent you was
intended as apeace offering.
I
burnt, sacrificial, votive
• VERB
+
OFFERING make
I
accept

• PREP. -from
The latest offering front this young band is
their best album yet. -
of
offerings of food and drink -
to
They made sacrificial offerings to the gods.
office
noun
1 room/building where written work is done
• ADJ. big, huge, large, spacious
I
cramped, small,
tiny
I
plush
I
high-rise
I
five-storey, ten-storey, etc.
I
glass-fronted, glass-walled
I
busy, noisy
I
open-plan
I
air-conditioned
I
electronic, paperless

I
permanent,
temporary
The company set up itsfirst permanent offices
in the city centre.
I
private
The prime minister arranged a
meeting in his private office.
I
central, head, main
I
area,
branch, district, local, overseas, regional, subsidiary
I
administrative, editorial, press, sales, etc.
I
council,
government, newspaper, etc.
• VERB
+
OFFICE manage, run, supervise
I
come/go
into, come/go to
I sometimes go into the office on Satur-
days when we're busy.
I
arrive at, get to
I

leave
What
time do you usually leave the office?
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• OFFICE
+
NOUN job, work
I
hours
Call this number
outside normal office hours.
I
colleague, staff, worker
I
life
I
gossip, politics
I
party
We have an office party
every Christmas.
I
administrator, assistant, cleaner,
clerk, manager
I
boy, girl, junior
(all old-fashionedy
I
desk, door, equipment, furniture, safe, shredder, soft-
ware, stationery

I
system, technology
I
environment
Working in a busy office environment can be stressful. I
accommodation, block, building, complex, develop-
ment, premises, space, suite
The old warehouses have
been redeveloped for office accommodation.
I
facilities,
services
The conference centre provides office facilities
such as computers and
foxes.
I
expenses, overheads
I
administration, management
I
skills
I
procedures,
routine
• PREP. at the -
I sometimes have to stay late at the office.
in the -
I'm
sorry, Mr Anders is not in the office today.
2official position

• ADJ. exalted, great, high, important I minor I lucra-
tive, prestigious
I
hereditary
I
national, public
I
eccle-
siastical,judicial, ministerial, political
• VERB
+
OFFICE run for, stand for
He ran for office in
the last presidential election.
I
hold, remain in, retain,
stay in
Thepresident holds officefor aperiod offour years.
I
be appointed to, be elected to
I
be re-elected to, be re-
turned to
The government was returned to office by a large
majority.
I
assume, be sworn into, come into, come to,
enter, take, take up
Martin was sworn into office as prime
minister in March.

0
The Labour Party took office in 1997.
I
give up, leave, lose, relinquish, resign from, retire
from, vacate
I
be driven from, be forced from, be re-
moved from, be suspended from, be turned out of
• OFFICE
+
NOUN holder
• PREP. in -
The government seemed likely to remain in
officefor the next five years.
out of -
breaking promises
made when out of office
• PHRASES a candidate for office, duties of the office, a
term of office
to be re-electedfor a second term of office
officer
noun
1in the army, navy, etc.
• ADJ. air force, army, military, naval
I
commanding,
high-ranking, ranking, senior, superior
The decision
rests with the ranking officer
(=

the most senior officer
present). I
junior, petty
I
commissioned, non-commis-
sioned I recruiting I duty
He telephoned the duty officer
at regimental headquarters.
I
uniformed
I
retired
• VERB
+
OFFICER salute
to salute a superior officer
• OFFICER
+
VERB command sth
the officer command-
ing the infantry
• OFFICER
+
NOUN cadet, corps
q
Note at
RANK
2 in the government or other organization
• ADJ. chief, principal, senior
I

full-time, part-time
I
presiding, responsible, supervising
Report the incident
to the responsible officer.
0
the officer responsible for imple-
menting the scheme
I regional I administrative, cus-
toms, environmental health, financial, liaison, medical,
press, trading standards, training, welfare
• VERB
+
OFFICER be, work as
I
be appointed (as),
become
I
have
The charity has a full-time press officer
working with the national newspapers.
3 policeman/policewoman
• ADJ. police
I
chief, senior, superior
I
junior
I
inves-
tigating

I
duty
We spoke to the duty officer at the police
station.
I
uniformed
I
plain-clothes
I
undercover
• OFFICER
+
VERB investigate sth
officers investigat-
ing the murder
I
patrol sth
I
raid sth, swoop on sth
(in-
formal) Officers raided an address in south London, seiz-
ing bomb-making equipment.
I
seize sth
I
arrest sb
q
See
POLICEMAN
535

oily
official
noun
• ADJ. high-ranking, prominent, senior, top
I
junior,
minor
I
local, provincial, regional
I
departmental
I
public
I
full-time, part-time
I
elected
I
permanent
I
retired
I
responsible
Report the incident to the respon-
sible official.
0
the official responsible for handling the
case
I
corrupt

I
bank, company, corporate, council,
court, customs, government, judicial, military, minis-
try, party, royal, state, (trade) union
• VERB
+
OFFICIAL appoint (sb), appoint sb as
I
con-
sult, meet
I
bribe
attempting to bribe local officials
off-putting
adj.
• VERBS be
I
find sth
I find it very off-putting when
people don't look me in the eye.
• ADV. distinctly, very
I
a bit, a little, rather, slightly
The noise was rather off-putting.
offset
verb
• ADV. largely, substantially
I
completely, exactly
I

more than
The company's losses in the USA were more
than offset by gains everywhere else. I
partially, partly
• VERB
+
OFFSET help (to)
The money will help offset
big medical bills.
• PREP. against
Your donations to charity can be offset
against tax.
offside
adj.
• VERBS be, look
I
catch sb, rule sb
an attempt to catch
an opponent offside
0
He was ruled offside by the referee.
oil
noun
1used as fuel/to make machines work smoothly
• ADJ. heavy
I
light
I
crude
I

refined
I
offshore
I
en-
gine, fuel, heating, lubricating, motor
I
linseed, paraf-
fin
Usea rag soaked in linseed oil.
• QUANT. barrel
I
film
a rod coated with a film of oil
I
drop
• VERB
+
OIL extract, obtain, produce
I
drill for
The
company is drilling for oil in the North Sea.
I
discover,
find, hit, strike
I
pump
I
export, import

I
burn, use
I
change
(in a car, etc.) I
soak sth in
I
smell of
The place
smelled ofpaint and oil.
• OIL
+
NOUN company, producer
I
industry, produc-
tion
I
drilling, exploration
I
field, rig, well
I
drum
I
tanker
I
refinery
I
prices, revenue
I
slick, spill, spill-

age
a seven-mile-long oil slick off the Scottish coast
2 used in cooking
• ADJ. cooking
I
polyunsaturated
I
rancid
I
coconut,
cod liver, fish, groundnut, olive, sesame, sunflower,
vegetable
a bottle of extra virgin olive oil
I
salad
• VERB
+
OIL heat
I
boil sb/sth in, cook sth in, fry sth
in
I
drizzle, pour
Toast the bread, rub with garlic and
drizzle over a little olive oil.
• PREP. in -
Fry the potato in a little sunflower oil.
q
Special page at
FOOD

3 used as a cosmetic/medicine
• ADJ. aromatic, fragrant, scented
I
essential
extract-
ing essential oilsfrom flotoers I
body, hair
I
baby, bath
I
aromatherapy, massage
I
castor, evening primrose,
lavender, etc.
• VERB
+
OIL massage/rub into, massage/rub sth
with
She rubbed a scented oil into her hair.
I
anoint sb/sth
with
The sick were anointed with oil.
I
extract
• PREP.
-of
oil of rosemary
Oilyadj.
• VERBS be, look

I
become
• ADV. very
I
rather, slightly
He had rather oily hands.
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