verbs

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A Note to Students and Teachers

:

These lessons are not intended to

Introduce you to the English verb

system.

Use them as a review of what

you’ve

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Are English Verbs “Ichsa

”?

Are you miserable because you make mistakes

with English verbs?

Do you think you will never be able to learn?

Are you sorry you didn’t listen to your

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It’s not really so hard

!!!

You CAN speak and write good English

You CAN get good grades on English exams.
You only have to learn a few simple rules.

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LESSON 1

An Overview

LESSON 1

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We talk a lot in these lessons

about V

1,

V

2,

and V

3.

What in the

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Does this look familiar

?

– eat ate eaten
– fall fell fallen
– fly flew flown

This is the table of irregular verbs that we know and love!
V1 is the first column (“eat”, ,(רוקמה תרוצ

V2 is the second column (“ate”, past simple form),

V3 is the third column (“eaten”, called—oh well, V3)

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Lots of people forget that a verb that ends in “d” or
“ed” doesn’t have to be a verb in the simple past.
Maybe it’s a regular verb in V3 DISGUISED as a

simple past verb.

For example:

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5 Verb Formulas

 be + ing (progressive)--He was crying.
 be + V3 (passive)--He was beaten.

Four men were killed.

 have + V3 (perfect)--I have already eaten.
 do + V1 (simple)-- Do you love me?

I don’t hate you.

 modal + V1 (modal)--I can wait.

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BE HAVE DO MODALS

is, am, are, 
was, were

has, have 
had

do, does, 
did

shall, will, should, 
would, may, might, 
must, can, could

1) be + ing

(progressive)

have + V3

(perfect)

do + V1 
(simple)

modal + V1

The bus is coming. 
We were waiting.

She has finished. 
We have eaten.

Do you love me? 
I didn’t hear you.

You should try.

I may visit my aunt.

2) be + V3

(passive)

A lot of money is
spent.

People were hurt.

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be

is, am, are was, were

1
. 
be + Ving (progressive

)

The bus is coming

.

We were waiting

.

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be

is, am, are was, were

2
. 
be + V3 (passive

)

Our mother was invited

.

Many promises were broken

.

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have

has, have had
have + V3 (perfect

)

You have broken your promise
.

Our friendship has survived

.

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do

do, does did

do + V1

(

simple

)

I

do

n’t

enjoy

homework

.

Do

you

like

school

?

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modals

shall, will, should, would, may
,

might, must, can, could, ought
modal + V1 (modal

)

Miri can speak four languages

.

We must finish

.

Would you like some coffee
?

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do

do, does did

do

+

V1

(

simple

)

I

do

n’t

enjoy

homework.

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A special note about

DO

:

We say that

do

is the helping verb for

the “

simple

” tenses, but if they’re

“

simple”,

then so is making peace with

our neighbors!

Pay attention:

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With

PRESENT SIMPLE

and

PAST SIMPLE

ONLY

:

In present simple and past simple, there are 3 kinds
of sentences:

– POSITIVE (+) Harry understands Amharic.
– NEGATIVE (-) Jill doesn’t understand

Amharic.

– QUESTION (?) Does Jill understand French?

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In (

+

), the verb really has 2 jobs:

1)

MEANING

(

UNDERSTANDS

(ןיבהל --

2)

GRAMMAR (

UNDERSTAND

S

), which

includes:

• Time

(understand

s

, not under

stood

;

“ןיבה“ אלו ”ןיבמ”)

• Number

-- “understand

s

” can’t be םיבר

(think of

he/she/it,

which are all (דיחי

• Person

-- “understand

s

” can’t be first

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תא ומצע לע לבקמ לעופה ( + ) ב

תועמשמ ןה -- םידיקפתה ינש

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Now do you understand why

the main verb must always be

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Let’s Practice

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):

“Shlomi loves computers. Before his father bought
him a computer, he thought he would never be able
to learn. He didn’t ________ he was clever

enough. But now he’s a real professional!”

“If Shlomi didn’t _________ computers to begin with,
why did his father ________ him a computer?”

“He __________ to encourage him. He knew that
computers can be a wonderful help with

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Let’s Practice

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):

“Shlomi loves computers. Before his father bought
him a computer, he thought he would never be able
to learn. He didn’t _think__ he was clever enough.
But now he’s a real professional!”

“If Shlomi didn’t __like___ computers to begin with,
why did his father ___buy__ him a computer?”

“He _wanted___ to encourage him. He knew that
computers can be a wonderful help with

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Let’s Practice

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing 
word(s

):

“
Hello, Mom? I have a problem. I left my keys at

home this morning
.”

“
Where did you ____________ them
?”

“
I ___________ them on the table. __________ you

see them
?”

“
Yes, but you _________ have to worry. I won’t

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Let’s Practice

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing 
word(s

):

“
Hello, Mom? I have a problem. I left my keys at

home this morning
.”

“
Where did you ___leave____ them
?”

“
I ___left____ them on the table. _Can or Do_ you

see them
?”

“
Yes, but you __don’t__ have to worry. I won’t

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BUT

Don’t think

BE

/HAVE

/DO

can only

be helping verbs .(רזע ילעופ)

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be

/

have

/do

as main verbs

:



You

are

being

stupid!

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In the following passage, write “HV” in the

parentheses after a Helping Verb. If the word isn’t a
helping verb, DON’T WRITE ANYTHING

My parents never listen to me. Sometimes they want me
to do ( ) something that I don’t ( ) want to

do ( ), or else they want me to not do ( ) what I do
( ) want. I have ( ) always been ( ) jealous of
Moshe. His parents are ( ) so understanding! He
doesn’t ( ) have ( ) any problems with them.

They’re ( ) young, and patient, and they remember
what it was ( ) like to be ( ) young. Moshe

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My parents never listen to me. Sometimes they want
me to do ( ) something that I don’t ( HV ) want to
do ( ), or else they want me to not do ( ) what I

do ( HV ) want. I have ( HV ) always been ( )

jealous of Moshe. His parents are ( ) so

understanding! He doesn’t ( HV ) have ( ) any
problems with them. They’re ( ) young, and

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LESSON 3

A Few Words About

Modals and

Semi-Modals

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modals

shall, will, should, would, may

,

might, must, can, could, ought

modal + V

1

(

modal

)

Miri can speak four languages

.

We must finish

.

Would you like some coffee

?

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A NOTE ABOUT SEMI-MODALS

You shouldn’t--indeed, you can’t--use “can” in the
past or in the future tense.

Use a form of “be able to” instead, or (in past tense),
use “could”.

Examples: I can’t speak Russian.

I was able to or could speak it when I was young.
I will be able to speak it again after my trip to

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A NOTE ABOUT SEMI-MODALS

Another way to say “must” is “have to” (they both

mean the same thing). In fact, in negative sentences
(-), questions (?), and in the past or future tenses, you

can’t use “must”; you have to use “have to”.

Example: I must hurry. I have to hurry.
You don’t have to hurry.

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Let’s Practice

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing 
word(s):

“Shirli, must you play the radio so loud?”
“What __________ you say?”

“Do you _____ ____ play the radio so loud?”

“No, I don’t ______ _____. Do you _________ me
to turn it down?”

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Let’s Practice

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing 
word(s

):

“Shirli, must you play the radio so loud?”
“What ___did____ you say?”

“Do you __have to___ play the radio so loud?”

“No, I don’t __have to___. Do you __want___ me
to turn it down?”

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Let’s Practice

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s
):

“_________ you help me, please? I want a book about the
Internet, but I ___________ find one.”

“_________ you look among the computer books?”

“Yes, I __________, but I ______________ find anything.”
“Well, I’m ____________ somebody else right now, but I

_______ ____ ______ ___ help you in about ten minutes.
________ you come back in ten minutes?”

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Let’s Practice

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s
):

“___

Can___ you help me, please? I want a book about the

Internet, but I ___can’t___ find one

.”

“___

Did___ you look among the computer books
?”

“
Yes, I ___did____, but I __couldn’t____ find anything
.”

“
Well, I’m __helping___ somebody else right now, but I
___will be able to__ help you in about ten minutes.

___Can__ you come back in ten minutes
?”

“
OK. And in the meantime, I ___will___ try again. Maybe I

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Refresh Your Memory

--Take another look
at the table of

helping verbs

.

Pay attention to the
colors

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BE HAVE DO MODALS

is, am, are, 
was, were

has, have 
had

do, does, 
did

shall, will, should, 
would, may, might, 
must, can, could

1) be + ing

(progressive)

have + V3

(perfect)

do + V1 
(simple)

modal + V1

The bus is coming. 
We were waiting.

She has finished. 
We have eaten.

Do you love me? 
I didn’t hear you.

You should try.

I may visit my aunt.

2) be + V3

(passive)

A lot of money is
spent.

People were hurt.

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Let’s Review

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):

1. Moshe _________ drive (V1) more carefully. He _____________ drive (V1)

so carelessly.

2. _________ you want (V1) anything to eat?

Yes, thanks. I ___________ like (V1) a sandwich.

3. Bob ______ acting in movies and making lots of money.
4. __________ you seen (V3 - irregular verb) my hat?
No, I ________ remember (V1) seeing it.

5. Dan ______ wasted (V3 - regular verb) all of his money.

6. Some Americans _______ surprised (V3 - regular verb) when Bush
____ elected (V3 - regular verb) President.

7. These photographs ________ taken (V3 - irregular verb) at Niagara

Falls.

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Let’s Review

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):

1. Moshe _should__ drive (V1) more carefully. He ___shouldn’t_ drive (V1)

so carelessly.

2. ___Do____ you want (V1) anything to eat?

Yes, thanks. I __would____ like (V1) a sandwich.

3. Bob __is__ acting in movies and making lots of money.
4. ___Have___ you seen (V3 - irregular verb) my hat?

No, I __don’t_ remember (V1) seeing it.

5. Dan _has__ wasted (V3 - regular verb) all of his money.

6. Some Americans _were__ surprised (V3 - regular verb) when Clinton
_was_elected (V3 - regular verb) President.

7. These photographs __were__ taken (V3 - irregular verb) at Niagara Falls.

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Let’s Review Some

More

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):

1. Don’t you ________ you _________ drunk enough beer?
2. People should __________ a dentist once a year.

3. I will ________ an umbrella, because it may __________.
4. Gabi has always ___________ to visit India.

5. Most of our friends had already _________ the party when we arrived.

Why did they _________ so soon?

6. Please forgive me for phoning you so early this morning.
__________ you sleeping?

7. I was ___________ TV, when suddenly I heard a shot.

8. Poor Miri! She’s __________ her arm! Call a doctor!

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Let’s Review Some

More

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):

1. Don’t you _think__ you __have___ drunk enough beer?

2. People should ___see____ a dentist once a year.

3. I will __take__ an umbrella, because it may __rain____.
4. Gabi has always __wanted___ to visit India.

5. Most of our friends had already __left___ the party when we
arrived. Why did they __leave__ so soon?

6. Please forgive me for phoning you so early this morning.
__Were____ you sleeping?

7. I was __watching_ TV, when suddenly I heard a shot.

8. Poor Miri! She’s __broken__ her arm! Call a doctor!

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Let’s Try a Test

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):

1. I don’t _________ to think about it.

2. Anat _______ lost ten kilo. You ___________ see her!
3. Did you _____________ to take your keys?

4. I haven’t ________, and I _____ not planning to eat anything
before dinner.

5. ________ you considered going into politics?
6. He is ______________ a great expert.

7. A lot of wine was __________ at the party last night.

8. We ___________ talking on the telephone when the lights

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Let’s Try a Test

....

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):

1. I don’t _want____ to think about it.

2. Anat __has__ lost ten kilo. You _should____ see her!

3. Did you __remember___ to take your keys?

4. I haven’t __eaten_, and I _am__ not planning to eat anything
before dinner.

5. __Have__ you considered going into politics?
6. He is __considered__ a great expert.

7. A lot of wine was __drunk___ at the party last night.

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A Test....Part 2

:

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing 
word(s):

9. You could _________ until the last minute, or
you could ________ the work now and

_________ it over with.

10. _________ you name ten countries in Africa?
11. I __________ sleep very well last night.

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A Test....Part 2

:

Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing 
word(s):

9. You could __wait___ until the last minute, or
you could ___do___ the work now and

___get___ it over with.

10. ___Can___ you name ten countries in Africa?
11. I __didn’t__ sleep very well last night.

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?

LESSON 4

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English verb phrases can be

l o n g

!

I

couldn’t have been expected to have

couldn’t have been expected to have

known

that

.

וי!

An 8-word verb

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Forming Yes/No Questions

Take the

first

element (ביכרמ) of the

verb and put it

before

the subject (אשונ):

I

can believe

it.

Can

you

believe

it?

I

’ve been

there.

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Forming questions...still

!

Follow the same rule even for a

monster verb!

He

couldn’t have been expected to

understand

.

Could

he

have been expected to

understand

?

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How do I translate "םאה"

when I’m forming a yes-no question?

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To translate

“םאה” when

forming a yes-no

question, simply

begin the question 
with the suitable

helping verb.

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For example:

Are you serious? ?התא םאה

יניצר

Are you listening? התא םאה

בישקמ?

Do you collect stamps?

םאה

ףסוא התא 
םילוב?

Have you lost weight? םאה

תיזר?

Will he succeed?חילצי אוה םאה?

Can you convince me?

םאה

יתוא ענכשל לכות ?

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Let’s Practice

....

Complete the conversation:

BENNY: Arik! I haven’t seen you for a long time!

__________________________________________?
ARIK: Of course I haven’t been hiding! I’ve been very busy.
BENNY: _______________________________________?
ARIK: Yes, I’m studying a lot. I want to do well on my exams.
BENNY: ________________________________________?

ARIK: Yes, unfortunately, I still have that part-time job. It’s really too much.
That’s why I’m always so tired.

BENNY: ________________________________________?

ARIK: You’re right. I guess I wasn’t smart to take the job. But I need the money!
BENNY: ________________________________________?

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Let’s Practice

....

Complete the conversation
:

BENNY: Arik! I haven’t seen you for a long time!
_Have you been hiding?_____________________?

ARIK: Of course I haven’t been hiding! I’ve been very busy.
BENNY: __Are you studying a lot?___________________?
ARIK: Yes, I’m studying a lot. I want to do well on my exams.
BENNY: ___Do you still have that part-time job?________?

ARIK: Yes, unfortunately, I still have that part-time job. It’s really too much.
That’s why I’m always so tired.

BENNY: _Are you sure you were smart to take the job?___?

ARIK: You’re right. I guess I wasn’t smart to take the job. But I need the money!
BENNY: __Have you been able to save any money?______?

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Let’s Practice

Ask these questions in English
:

? שער הברה ךכ לכ תושעל םיבייח םתא םאה
___________________________________________
___

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Let’s Practice

Ask these questions in English
:

? שער הברה ךכ לכ תושעל םיבייח םתא םאה
_

(
Do you have to/Must you) make so much noise
?

_________

? ברעה ךתוא הארא םאה
_

Will I see you tonight
?

______________________________

? ןולימב שמתשהל ונל רתומ םאה

(
Are we allowed to/ May we) use a dictionary
?

___________

? תעגתשה
_

Are you crazy? Have you gone crazy
?

_________________

? בישקמ התא םאה
_

Are you listening
?

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Let’s Practice

Ask these questions in English
:

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Let’s Practice

Ask these questions in English

:

? הרטפב תרקב םעפ יא םאה
_

Have you ever visited Petra
?

_________________________

? ךחוגמ ךכ לכ רבד ךימיב תעמש םאה
_

Have you ever heard anything so ridiculous
?

____________

? הנגפהב םתייה םאה
_

Were you at the demonstration
?

______________________

? ילש תוחתפמה תא תיאר םאה
_

Have you seen my keys

?

____________________________

? םתוא ןימזהל יל עיצמ תייה םאה
_

Would you (advise me to/suggest that I) invite them
?

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WH-words

Learn these question words

:

who whom whose which

what where when why

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And these, too:

how how much how many
how often [תורידת וזיאב]

how long (ago) [(ןמז המכ (ינפל]
how + אוהש ראות לכ

(how rich, how strong, how sick)

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How easy is it

?

It’s

really

easy!

 (The answer:) I want my money. (The next
question:) Why do you want your money?

 (The answer:) I’ve given Adam some money. 
(The next question:) How much money have

you given him?

 (The answer:) I’m planning to leave

tomorrow. (The next question:) Why aren’t

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“

Who” and “What” as subjects

Where who or what refers to the subject ,(אשונה)

the Hebrew translation is המ וא ימ?

If who or what refers to the subject, DON’T use

do-does-did in the simple tenses; DON’T change the word order:

Answer: Tal loves Rami Kleinstein’s music.

Question: Who loves Rami Kleinstein’s music?

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“

Stumpers

”

(םילושכמ)

How old are you? ? התא המכ ןב

What happened ? הרק המ?
What did x do? ? X השע המ

When were you born? תדלונ יתמ ?
What do you do for a living? ?דבוע התא המב

How long will he be gone?

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How good are you at this

?

Ask the right questions. See how much you’ve learned.

X: Hello, I’m phoning about your advertisement.

_____________________________________________?
MOTI: They’re not very old. Five years isn’t really so old.

Anyway, they’re in good shape.

X: _____________________________________________?
MOTI: I’m not “getting rid of” them. I’m offering them

because I’m moving to a new flat, where I’m not allowed to
keep them.

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How good are you at this

?

Ask the right questions. See how much you’ve learned.

X: Hello, I’m phoning about your advertisement.

_How old are they?______________________________?

MOTI: They’re not very old. Five years isn’t really so old.
Anyway, they’re in good shape.

X: _Why are you getting rid of them?_________________?

MOTI: I’m not “getting rid of” them. I’m offering them because
I’m moving to a new flat, where I’m not allowed to keep them.
X: _Why aren’t you allowed to keep them?_____________?

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Keep going

...

X: ____________________________________________?

MOTI: You can take them whenever it’s convenient. I’m always home.
X: ____________________________________________?

MOTI: I live on the corner of Plony and Almony.

X: I know the building. ___________________________?
MOTI: My entrance is Number 2.

X: ____________________________________________?

MOTI: Oh, I don’t want any money for them. All I care about is
finding a good home for them!

X: A good home! ________________________________?

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Keep going

...

X: _When can I take them?________________________?

MOTI: You can take them whenever it’s convenient. I’m always home.
X: _Where do you live?___________________________?

MOTI: I live on the corner of Plony and Almony.

X: I know the building. _Which entrance is yours?_____?
MOTI: My entrance is Number 2.

X: _How much money do you want for them?_________?

MOTI: Oh, I don’t want any money for them. All I care about is
finding a good home for them!

X: A good home! _Aren’t you selling a set of skis?_____?

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CONGRATULATIONS

!

YOUR NAME
has been awarded

the

M.V

.

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verbs

A Note to Students and Teachers

:

These lessons are not intended to

Introduce you to the English verb

system.

Use them as a review of what

you’ve

<i><b>Are English Verbs “Ichsa</b></i>

<i><b>”?</b></i>

Are you miserable because you make mistakes

with English verbs?

Do you think you will never be able to learn?

Are you sorry you didn’t listen to your

<i><b>It’s not really so hard</b></i>

<i><b>!!!</b></i>

LESSON 1

An Overview

LESSON 1

We talk a lot in these lessons

about V

V

and V

What in the

Does this look familiar

?

5

Verb Formulas

be

be

have

do

<b>do, does did</b>

<i><b>do + V1</b></i>

<i><b> </b></i>

<i><b>(</b></i>

<i>simple</i>

<i><b>)</b></i>

<i><b>I</b></i>

<i><b>do</b></i>

<i><b>n’t </b></i>

<i><b>enjoy</b></i>

<i><b> homework</b></i>

<i><b>.</b></i>

<i><b>Do</b></i>

<i><b>you</b></i>

<i><b>like</b></i>

<i><b> school</b></i>

<i><b>?</b></i>

modals

do

<b>do, does did</b>

<i><b>do</b></i>

<i><b> + </b></i>

<i><b>V1</b></i>

<i><b> </b></i>

<i><b>(</b></i>

<i>simple</i>

<i><b>)</b></i>

<i><b>I</b></i>

<i><b>do</b></i>

<i><b>n’t </b></i>

<i><b>enjoy</b></i>

<i><b> homework.</b></i>

A special note about

<i><b>DO</b></i>

<i><b>:</b></i>

We say that

<b>do</b>

is the helping verb for

the “

<i>simple</i>

” tenses, but if they’re

“

<i>simple”, </i>

then so is making peace with

our neighbors!

<i><b>Pay attention:</b></i>

With

<i>PRESENT SIMPLE</i>