Unit 4 special education Language focus
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She has lots of
spots
on her face
They are called “
sports”
<b>spot</b>
<b>football</b> <b>basketball</b>
<b>sport </b>
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Minimal Pair
<b>caught</b>
<b>cot</b>
<b>cod</b> <b>cord</b>
<b>forks</b>
<b>fox</b>
<b>pot</b>
(sound 1)
/ɔ/
(sound 2)
/ɔ:/
Minimal Pairs
<b>I. Pronunciation</b>
<b>port</b>
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<b>I. Pronunciation</b>
/ɔ/
/ɔ:/
top
boss
doctor
wrong
Job
box
popular
door
horse
call
four
walking
more
talk
•
<b> Listen and repeat</b>
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<b>II. Grammar and Vocabulary</b>
We call them
<b>the blind</b>
They are
<b>deaf and dumb or mute people</b>
We call them
<b>the deaf and the dumb/ mute</b>
They are
<b>rich people</b>
We call them
<b>the rich</b>
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<b>The + Adjective = Noun</b>
Describe human character or condition and to
<b>represent a group of people.</b>
Ex: The blind/ mute – The poor/rich
These expression have a <b>plural meaning</b>, they
take a <b>plural verb</b> and pronoun is <b>“they”</b>
Ex: The poor <b>get </b>poorer; the rich <b>get</b> richer
The disabled <b>need</b> to be cared by the people
around them.
The + disabled/rich/ poor/ injured/ sick/ unemployed/ young/ dead/ blind
<b>II. Grammar and Vocabulary</b>
<b>Notice:</b>
Normally, there is no plural form (s/es) for the Noun (the + Adj). However, there are some
special cases such as The Reds, The Blacks, The Whites…when we want to refer to
human.
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Exercise 1: Complete these sentences using the + one of the adjectives:
2. Ambulances arrived at the scene of the accident and took <b>the</b>………… to hospital.
1.<b>The</b> ………..have the future in their hands.
3. Life is all right if you have a job, but things are not so easy for <b>the</b>………
4. Julia has been a nurse all her life. She has spent her life caring for <b>the</b>…………
5. In England there is an old story about a man called Robin Hood.
It is said that he
robbed <b>the</b>………and gave money to <b>the</b>………
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<b>2. Used to + infinitive</b>
<b> Use:</b>
This structure is used to refer to a past habit (action/ state). However, this habit
has changed at present time or stopped
Ex: <i>When I was a child, we used to go on holiday to the seaside.</i>
<b>II. Grammar and Vocabulary</b>
<b> Notice the negative and the question:</b>
<i><b>I didn't use to go on holiday to the seaside when I was a child</b></i>
<i>When did you use to go on holiday when you were a child? </i>
<b> Structure</b>
<b>+</b>
/ S + Used to Verb + Object.
-/ S + did not + Use to + Verb + Object.
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Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with
used to + a suitable verb
<i>1. Dennis gave up smoking two years ago. He 40 cigarettes a day.</i>
<i>2. Liz</i> <i>a motorbike, but last year she sold it and bought a car. </i>
<i>3. We came to live in Manchester a few years ago. We </i> <i>in Nottingham.</i>
<i>4. I rarely eat ice-cream now but I </i> <i>it when I was a child.</i>
<i>5. Jim </i> <i>my best friend but we aren't friends any longer.</i>
<i>6. It only takes me about 40 minutes to get to work since the new road was opened. It </i>
<i>more than an hour.</i>
<i>7. There </i> <i>a hotel apposite the station but it closed a long time ago.</i>
<i>8. When you lived in London, </i> <i>to the theatre?</i>
<i><b>used to smoke</b></i>
<i><b>used to have</b></i>
<i><b>used to live</b></i>
<i><b>used to eat</b></i>
<i><b>used to be</b></i>
<i><b>used to take</b></i>
<i><b>used to be</b></i>
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<b>3. </b>
<i><b>Which</b></i>
<b> as a connector </b>
+/ Sheila couldn’t come to the party. This was a pity
<i><sub> Sheila couldn’t come to the party, which was a pity</sub></i>
<b>II. Grammar and Vocabulary</b>
<b>Use:</b>
<i>Which</i> can be used in relative clauses to refer to the whole meaning of its
preceding clause.
+/ Our new timetable has changed. This means (that) we have go to school 15 minutes earlier
<i>=> Our new timetable has changed, which means (that) we have go to school 15 minutes earlier</i>
+/ Ann is late for the meeting because she forgot setting the alarm
<i>=> Ann forgot setting the alarm, which makes her late for the meeting</i>
S + V, Which V + Noun/Ob
<b>…</b>
/Clause
<b>Note:</b>
Verb followed “which clause” is correspond with the third singular pronoun
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Exercise 3: Join a sentence from A with one from B to make a new sentence
using which.
<i>7. Our car has broken down. </i>
<i>This was very nice of her.(a)</i>
<i>This means we can't go away tomorrow. (b)</i>
<i>This makes it difficult to contract her. (c)</i>
<i>This makes it difficult to sleep.(d)</i>
<i>This is good news. (f)</i>
<i>This meant we had to wait for hours at the airport. (g)</i>
<i>2. Jill isn't on the phone.</i>
<i>3. Neil has passed his examinations. </i>
<i>4 Our flight was delayed.</i>
<i>5. Ann offered to put me up for the night.</i>
<i>6. The street I live in is very noisy at night.</i>
A
B
Joining the sentence
<i>2. Jill isn't on the phone, which makes it difficult to contract her.</i>
<i>3. Neil has passed his examinations, which is good news.</i>
<i>4 Our flight was delayed, which meant we had to wait for hours at the airport.</i>
<i>5. Ann offered to put me up for the night, which was very nice of her.</i>
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