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<span class='text_page_counter'>(1)</span>THÌ VAØ CAÙCH DUØNG CAÙC THÌ I. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE.(Thì hieän taïi ñôn) A. Caùch thaønh laäp 1. Affirmative I , We, You, They + Verb (infinitive) He, She, It + Verb-s/es 2. Negative I, We, You, They + do not + Verb (infinitive) He, She, It + does not 3. Question Do + I, We, You, They + Verb (infinitive) Does + He, She, It B. Cách thêm “s” và “es” đối với động từ có chủ từ ở ngôi thứ ba số ít. 1. Ta thêm “s” vào hầu hết các động từ khi đi với chủ từ ở ngôi thứ ba số ít. Ex: He looks She comes 2. Ta thêm “es” vào các động từ tận cùng bằng o, s, sh, ch, x, z . Ex: watch  He watches wash  She washes pass  It passes relax  He ralaxes 3. Ta đổi “y” thành “i” và thêm “es” khi động từ tận cùng bằng “y” đứng trước “y” là một phuï aâm. Ex: carry  He carries hurry  She hurries Ta thêm “s” vào sau động từ tận cùng bằng “y” nếu đứng trước “y” là một nguyên âm. Ex: enjoy  She enjoys obey  He obeys C. Caùch duøng 1. Diễn tả một thói quen ở hiện tại.(thường dùng với các trạng từ: often, usually, always, sometimes, generally, everyday, seldom) Ex: They walk to school everyday. He often gets up at 6 a.m. every morning. 2. Dùng để chỉ các hiện tượng thiên nhiên, các qui luật vật lí. Ex: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. The earth moves around the sun. Yellow leaves fall in Autumn. 3. Diễn tả chân lý lúc nào cũng đúng. Ex: Two and two are four. Poverty is no vice. 4. Diễn tả một hành động trong tương lai xảy ra theo thời khóa biểu. Ex: The train leaves at 4 p.m. We leave Hanoi at 8 p.m. next Saturday and arrive in Ho Chi Minh City at 10 p.m. 5. Dùng trong các mệnh đề chỉ thời gian. (bắt đầu bằng when, as soon as, before, after) Ex: When I come here, I see nothing. When it rains, you should take an umbrella. 6. Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 1 trong mệnh đề “IF” Ex: If you come, I will let you know. If you are sick, we will come to see you. If it rains, I will stay at home..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(2)</span> 7. Dùng để kể lại câu chuyện trong quá khứ hoặc dùng để tường thuật lại các sự kiện thể thao trong quá khứ. Ex: The story is about a girl called Little Red who lives with her mother. Little Red’s grandmother invites her to her cottage, so one fine day she sets off to visit her. . . D. Cách phát âm chữ cái “s” đối với động từ có chủ từ ở ngôi thứ ba số ít. Có ba cách khác nhau để phát âm chữ cái “s” khi nó được thêm vào động từ đi với chủ từ ở ngôi thứ ba số ít. /s/ /z/ /iz/ 1. “S” được đọc là /s/ khi động từ có âm cuối là:/p/, /t/, /k/, /f/. Ex: gets, tops, takes. . . 2. “S” được đọc là /z/ sau tất cả các nguyên âm. Ex: agrees, tries. . . “S” còn được đọc là /z/ khi động từ có âm cuối là:/b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /m/, /n/, /l/, /T/, /r/. Ex: spends, hugs, lives, bathes, seems, remains. . . 3. “S” được đọc là /iz/ khi động từ có âm cuối là: /s/, /z/, /dV/, /F/, /V/, /tF/. Ex: relaxes, freezes, rushes, watches. . . 4. Riêng động từ “do” và “say” có thay đổi trong nguyên âm. do  does /dQz/ say  says /sez/ E. Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets into the simple present tense. 1. The director often (return) . . . . . home late. 2. It (not, rain) . . . . . in the dry season. 3. The sun (rise) . . . . . . in the East and (set). . . . . . in the West. 4. . . . . . you (notice) . . . . . any change in her? 5. If you (go) . . . . . . to the party, you will meet you. 6. The swimming pool (open) . . . . . . at 6.00 a.m. and (close) . . . . . . at 10.00 p.m. everyday. 7. What . . . . . you often (do) . . . . . . in the morning? 8. . . . . . . he always (go) . . . . . . to work by bus? 9. . . . . . . . rivers usually (flow) . . . . . . to the sea? 10. Light (travel) . . . . . .faster than sound.. II. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE.(Thì hieän taïi tieáp dieãn) A. Caùch thaønh laäp 1. Affirmative I + am We, You, They + are + V-ing He, She, It + is 2. Negative Subject + am/is/are + not + V-ing 3. Question Am / Is / Are + subject + V-ing ?.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(3)</span> B. Cách thêm đuôi “ING” vào sau động từ. a. Động từ tận cùng bằng “E” ta bỏ “E” rồi thêm “ing” (Ex: come  coming, drive  driving) b. Động từ tận cùng bằng “IE” ta đổi thành “Y” rồi thêm “ing” (Ex: die  dying, lie  lying) c. Động từ tận cùng bằng “IC” ta đổi thành “ICK” rồi thêm “ing” (Ex: traffic  trafficking) d. Động từ có một âm tiết tận cùng bằng 1 phụ âm, trước phụ âm là 1 nguyên âm. Ta gấp đôi phụ âm trước khi thêm “ing”. Ngoại trừ các phụ âm W, H, Y, X. (Ex: run  running, sit  sitting. Nhöng mix  mixing) e. Động từ có hai âm tiết tận cùng bằng 1 phụ âm, trước phụ âm là 1 nguyên âm.Và có trọng âm ở âm cuối. Ta gấp đôi phụ âm trước khi thêm “ing”. Ngoại trừ các phụ âm W, H, Y, X.(begin  beginning, permit  permitting) C. Caùch duøng: 1. Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra lúc nói. (Thường đi với những trạng từ như: now, at the moment, at the present, at this time. . . ) Ex: He is sleeping in his room now. We are all waiting for you now. 2. Diễn tả hành động đã được sắp sếp trước để thực hiện trong tương lai gần. Ex: We are spending next summer in Nhatrang. I am going to Hue next week. 3. Diễn tả hành động lặp lại nhiều lần hay do thói quen, nó gây ra sự bực mình, khó chòu. Ex: My mother is always helping the other. He is always making noise. D. Chuù yù: * Một số động từ sau đây thường không dùng với thì tiếp diễn. 1. Những động từ chỉ cảm xúc như: like, dislike, love, hate, want, wish, desire, refuse, forgive. 2. Những động từ chỉ giác quan như: see, hear, smell, sound, taste, recognize. 3. Những động từ chỉ lí trí như: understand, know, think, realize, suppose, believe, remember, forget, mind, expect, recollect. * Nhưng động từ look at, watch, listen to, ta có thể chia ở thì này. Ex: He is listening to the radio. They are looking at the map. E. Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets into the present continuous tense. 1. The farmers (work) . . . . . . in the field now. 2. Listen! Someone (knock) . . . . . . at the door. 3. Goodbye! I (leave) . . . . . . now. 4. Be quiet! The baby (sleep) . . . . . . 5. Where . . . . . . you (go) . . . . . . now? III. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE.(Thì hiện tại hoàn thành) A. Caùch thaønh laäp 1. Affirmative I, We, You, They + have + Past participle (PP) He, She, It + has 2. Negative Subject + have not/has not + Past participle (PP) 3. Question Have / Has + subject + Past participle (PP) ? B. Caùch duøng: 1. Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng vẫn còn tiếp tục đến hiện tại. (Thường đi với since, for) Ex: I have been a teacher since 1999. She has learned English for two years..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(4)</span> 2. Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xãy ra. (thường đi với từ :just, recently, lately) She has just gone out. He has just finished his homework. 3. Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong một thời gian không được xác định. (thương đi với “ever, never”) Ex: This is one of the best novels that I have ever read. Have you ever driven a car? .No, I haven’t. I have never driven a car. 4. Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu ở quá khứ nhưng chấm dứt vào lúc ta nói. Ex: This classroom hasn’t been cleaned for week. The value of the house has increased in the last four years. C. Caùch duøng cuûa “since, for” 1 For: dùng trước một khoảng thời gian. (period of time) Vi dụ: for three hours, seven days, two months…… For: dùng với thì hiên tại hoàn thành, chỉ một khoảng thời gian kéo dài đến hiện tại. Ex: We have lived in Saigon for ten years. For: dùng với thì quá khứ đơn, chỉ một khoảng thời gian đã qua hẳn. Ex: We lived there for ten years. 2 Since: dùng trước một điểm thời gian. (point of time) Ví dụ: since 1999, since 6 a.m………… Ex: We have lived in Saigon since 1958. D. Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect tense. 1. I (never, visit) . . . . . . Australia. 2. He (live) . . . . . . in this flat since 1995. 3. . . . . . . you (study) . . . . . . English for five years? 4. How many times . . . . . . he (see) . . . . . . you since you went to London? 5. My mother (work) . . . . . . in this factory since 1988. 6. George (see) . . . . . . this movies three times. 7. They (watch) . . . . . . football since three o’clock. 8. We (not begin) . . . . . . to study for the best yet. 9. He (just go) . . . . . . to bed when the door bell rang. 10. . . . . . . your family (live) . . . . . . in Ho Chi Minh City since 1997? Ex:. IV. SIMPLE PAST TENSE.(Thì quá khứ đơn) A. Caùch thaønh laäp 1. Affirmative. Subject + V-ed/column2 2. Negative Subject + did not + V-infinitive 3. Question Did + subject + V-infinitive? B.Caùch duøng 1. Diễn tả một hành động đã xãy ra và chấm dứt ở một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ. (Thường đi với (yesterday, last week/year……, three days/four weeks ago, in 1990) Ex: The train arrived ten minutes ago. He did not work very hard yesterday. 2. Diễn tả một thói quen trong quá khứ. (Thường đi với động từ used to, when I/he/she was a child) Ex: I often played football when I was young. When I was young, I went fishing twice a week. We used to be friends. 3. Diễn tả một chuỗi hành động xãy ra liên tục trong quá khứ. Ex: She went out of the car, unlocked the door and went into the house……… He returned to the bedroom, took off his clothes and went into the bathroom…… 4. Được dùng với nghĩa hiện tại trong mệnh đề IF (câu điều kiện loại 2).

<span class='text_page_counter'>(5)</span> Ex:. If I were you, I wouldn’t talk to him. They would write to you if they knew your address. C. Cách thêm “ed” sau động từ có quy tắc. 1. Ta thêm “ed” vào hầu hết các động từ có quy tắc. Ex: return  returned help  helped learn  learned 2. Ta thêm “d” vào sau động từ, nếu động từ tận cùng bằng chữ “e”. Ex: live  lived create  created die  died 3. Nếu động từ có một âm tiết, tận cùng bằng một phụ âm, trước phụ âm cuối là một nguyeân aâm ta phaûi gaáp ñoâi phuï aâm cuoái vaø theâm “ed” vaøo. Ex: hop  hopped rub  rubbed Ta không gấp đôiphụ âm cuối đối với những phụ âm: w, x, y Ex: bow  bowed mix  mixed Nếu động từ có hai âm tiết, trọng âm được nhấn ở âm thứ hai thì ta cũng phải gấp đôi phuï aâm cuoái vaø theâm “ed” vaøo. Ex: prefer  preferred permit  permitted 4. Nếu động từ tận cùng bằng chữ “y” trước “y” là một phụ âm ta đổi “y” thành “i” và theâm “ed” vaøo. Ex: worry  worried study  studied Nếu trước “y” là một nguyên âm thì ta không đổi “y” thành “i” được. Ex: play  played annoy  annoyed D. Cách phát âm “ed” đối với động từ có quy tắc. Có ba cách khác nhau để phát âm “ed” khi nó được thêm vào động từ có quy tắc. /t/ /d/ /id/ 1. “ed” được đọc là /t/ khi động từ có âm cuối là: /p/, /k/, /f/, /s/, /F/, /tF/ Ex: laughed, asked, stopped, addressed, published, watched. . . 2. “ed” được đọc là /d/ sau tất cả các nguyên âm. Ex: agreed, died, played. . . “ed” còn được đọc là /d/ khi động từ có âm cuối là: /b/, /g/, /v/, /z/, /V/, /dV/, /m/, /n/, //, /l/, /r/, //. Ex: rubbed, hugged, loved, surprised, massaged, changed, rhymed, returned, banged, enrolled, appeared, bathed. . . 3. “ed” được đọc là /id/ khi động từ có âm cuối là: /t/ và /d/ Ex: decided, wanted, needed, ended, repeated. . . D. Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets into the simple past tense. 1. What . . . . . . you (say) when you (see) . . . . . . him last week? 2. Why . . . . . . you (not tell) me about her family before? 3. It would be better if you (go) . . . . . . there yourself. 4. He (teach) . . . . . . English in our school 4 years ago. 5. I (mail) . . . . . . the letters when I went out to lunch. 6. He always (wear) . . . . . . a raincoat and (carry) . . . . . . an umbrella when he walked to the office. 7. The Williams (move) . . . . . . into their new apartment last month. 8. He needed some money, so he (sell) . . . . . . his car. 9. Tom (go) . . . . . . downtown at 7.00 this morning. 10. If we (not buy) . . . . . . grain, we wouldn’t be able to raise animals for meat..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(6)</span> V. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE. (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn) A. Caùch thaønh laäp. 1. Affirmative We, You, They + were + V-ing I, He, She, It + was 2. Negative Subject + was not / were not + V-ing 3. Question Was / Were + subject + V-ing? B. Caùch duøng. 1. Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ. Ex: He was watching film on T.V at 11 o’clock last night. What were you doing at 8 o’clock last night ? 2. Diễn tả một hành động đang tiếp diễn trong quá khứ thì một hành động quá khứ khác bất chợt xảy đến. Ex: Mary was washing her hair when the phone rang. While I was having dinner, my friend came. Chú ý: Hành động bất chợt xảy đến được chia ở thì quá khứ đơn. Ta dùng “While” cho hành động đầu và “When” cho hành động sau. 3. Diễn tả 2 hay nhiều hành động đang diễn ra đồng thời trong quá khứ. Ex: My mother was cooking in the kitchen while my father was watching T.V. Tom was doing his homework while his brother was playing game on computer. Chú ý: Hành động này thường đi với liên từ “While”. C. Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets into the past continuous tense. 1. They suddenly realized that they (travel) . . . . . . in the wrong direction. 2. As he (eat). . . . . . , he couldn’t answer clearly. 3. What. . . . . . you (do). . . . . . at 7.00 last night? 4. He (sit). . . . . . in the garden when it started to rain. 5. . . . . . . he (play). . . . . . chess at 8.00a.m this morning? 6. While he (learn). . . . . . . . to drive he had twenty-five accidents. 7. He had a bad fall while he (repair). . . . . . . . . . his roof. 8. While we (fish). . . . . . . . . someone came to the house and left this notes. 9. The exam has been begun and the candidates (write). . . . . . . . their names at the top of their papers..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(7)</span> 10. Just as I (wonder) what to do next, the phone rang.. VI. PAST PERFECT TENSE.(Thì quá khứ hoàn thành) A. Caùch thaønh laâp 1. Affirmative Subject + had + past participle (PP) 2. Negative Subject + had not + past participle (PP) 3. Question Had + subject + past participle (PP) ? B. Caùch duøng 1 Diễn tả một hành động đã hoàn thành trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ. Ex: When they went to the station, the train had left. We lelf after we had eaten our meal. 2 Diễn tả một hành động đã hoàn thành trước một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ. Ex: I had turned off my T.V before 10.00 last night. She had gone to bed at 10.00 last night. C. Chú ý: Cách dùng của liên từ “before và after”. * Ta dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành trong mệnh đề đứng trước “before”. (past perfect + before + simple past) Ex: I had seen him before he went away. * Ta dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành trong mệnh đề đứng sau “after”. (simple past + after + past perfect) Ex: He became a billionaire after he had worked as a worker. D. Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets into the past perfect tense. 1. We (already have). . . . . . breakfast when we went on an excursion. 2. He (leave). . . . . . for New York before this month. 3. She (never be). . . . . . there before this week. 4. The bell(just ring). . . . . . when I arrived at school. 5. I saw a big ship last week, I (never see). . . . . . one before. 6. The football match (come). . . . . . to an end before I reached the ground. 7. I (no fall). . . . . . asleep when I heard the noise in the next room. 8. Where. . . . . . he (live). . . . . . before he moved to this city?.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(8)</span> VII. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE.(Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn) A. Caùch thaønh laäp: 1 Affirmative I, We, You, They + have + been + V-ing He, She, It + has 2 Negative Subject + have not/has not + been + V-ing 3 Question Have/Has + subject + been + V-ing? B. Caùch duøng. 1. Diễn tả một hành động đã bắt đầu ở quá khứ nhưng vẫn còn đang xảy ra ở hiện taïi vaø coøn tieáp tục đến tương lai. Ex: The phone has been ringing for two minutes. (It is ringing now) I have been writing letters since 9.00 in the morning. 2. Diễn tả một hành động có tính cách tạm thời hay sắp thay đổi. Ex: I have been living in District 1, but I plan to move soon. 3. Diễn tả một hành động đã chấm dứt, nó không xảy ran gay lúc ta nói, nhưng hậu quả của nó vẫn còn thấy ở hiện tại. Ex: It has been raining. (The streets are still wet) C. Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect continuous tense. 1. She (play). . . . . . tennis since she was eight. 2. I am exhausted. I (work). . . . . . for a long time. 3. She (write). . . . . . a novel for the last two years but she hasn’t finished it yet. 4. It (rain). . . . . . for two hours and the ground is too wet to play on, so the match has been postponed. 5. My family (live). . . . . . here for the last two months, and have just decided to move. VIII. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE.(Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn) A. Caùch thaønh laäp. 1. Affirmative Subject + had + been + V-ing 2. Negative Subject + had not + been + V-ing 3. Question Had + subject + been + V-ing ? B. Caùch duøng. 1. Diễn tả một hành động đã xãy ra trước 1 thời điểm xác định hoạt một hành động khác trong quá khứ nhưng vẫn còn liên tục đến khi hoạt sau khi hành động thứ 2 xaõy ra. Ex: When I saw him, he had been waiting for his friend over half an hour. Last night, when Tom got up, his father had been working in his room for 1 hour. C. Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets into the past perfect continuous tense. 1. The baby was crying. She (cry). . . . . . for 10 minutes when her mother came in. 2. By the time you met me, I (study). . . . . . English for two years. 3. The rain (fall). . . . . . all day so we stayed inside..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(9)</span> 4. Tom (go). . . . . . to Vietnamese classes for 2 years before he went to Vietnam. 5. I finished the book on India I (read). . . . . . IX. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE.(Thì töông lai ñôn) A. Caùch thaønh laäp. 1. Affirmative Subject + will/ shall + V-infinitive 2. Negative Subject + will not/shall not + V-infinitive 3. Question Will / Shall + subject + V-infinitive? B. Caùch duøng. 1. Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai có hoặc không có thời gian xác định. Ex: I shall go there tomorrow. She will go to Nhatrang next week. This town won’t be the same again. 2. Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra do hoàn cảnh bên ngoài tác động chứ không có ý định của người hành động. Ex: My father will sell his TV set if you ask him. C. Chuù yù. “Be going to” cũng dùng để diễn tả một hành động sẽ xãy ra ở tương lai nhưng hành động đó đã được sắp xếp trước hay một dự đoán về một sự việc chắc chắn sẽ xãy ra. Ex: I’m going to visit him tomorrow because he is in hospital. I’m going to be a teacher of English when I grow up. “Will” thường diễn tả một lời mời, một đề nghị, một yêu cầu, một dự định hay một sự dự đoán trong tương lai. Ex: Will you open the door, please? I am sure he will come back. Ta có thể dùng (I’ll. . ./We’ll. . ./Will you. . .?/Won’t you. . .?) trong câu đề nghị, hứa hẹn. Ex: I’ll hold the door open for you. I’ll do my best to help you. Won’t you sit down? D. Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets into the simple future tense. 1. I (clean). . . . . . the house after the children go to school. 2. When he returns, he (see). . . . . . the difference. 3. I (send). . . . . . a telegram as soon as I hear the good news. 4. I’m sure he (find). . . . . . a job when he comes to that city. 5. When I finish the book, I (lend). . . . . . it to you. 6. I (know). . . . . . . . the result in a week. 7. You (be). . . . . . . . in Rome tonight. 8. . . . . . . .you (have). . . . . . . in time to help me tomorrow? 9. Do you think that he (recognize). . . . . . . . me? 10. You (be). . . . . . . . able to drive after another five lessons.. X. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE.(Thì töông lai tieáp dieãn) A. Caùch thaønh laäp 1 Affirmative Subject + will/shall + be + V-ing 2 Negative.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(10)</span> Subject + will not/shall not + be + V-ing 3. Question Will / Shall + subject + be + V-ing?. B. Caùch duøng. 1 Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm trong tương lai. Ex: This time tomorrow, he will be flying to Hanoi. By this time tomorrow, I shall be doing my homework. 2 Diễn tả một hành động dự định sẽ làm ở tương lai. Ex: We shall be spending our holiday in England next week. Tomorrow evening, I will be going to the cinema. 3 Diễn tả 2 hành động tiếp diễn đồng thời trong tương lai. Ex: I will be studying English while my wife will be watching T.V 4 Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xãy ra và kéo dài trong một khoảng thời gian nào đó trong töông lai. Ex: I think I will be playing tennis all day tomorrow. C. Exercise: Put the verb in brackets into the future continuous tense. 1. When you arrive, I . . . . . .probably (play). . . . . . . .chess. 2. She (write). . . . . . . .to him this evening. 3. We (play). . . . . . . .tennis when you come. 4. She (wait). . . . . . . .for you at the hotel at midday tomorrow. 5. . . . . . . . .you (use). . . . . . . .your dictionary this afternoon? No, you can borrow it if you like. 6. It’s a serious injury, but he (walk). . . . . . . .again in six weeks. 7. There is going to be a bus strike. Everyone (walk). . . . . . .to work next week. 8. Come on deck; we (enter). . . . . . . .labor in a few minutes. 9. In fifty years’ time we (live). . . . . . . .entirely on pills. 10. This time next Monday, I (sit). . . . . . . .in a Paris cafe reading Le Figaro.. XI. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE.(Thì tương lai hoàn thành) A. Caùch thaønh laäp. 1 Affirmative Subject + will/shall + have + PP 2 Negative Subject + will not/shall not + have + PP 3 Question Will / Shall + subject + have + PP ? B. Caùch duøng..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(11)</span> 1. Diễn tả một hành động sẽ được hoàn thành trước một thời điểm xác định ở tương lai. Ex: I will have finished all this work by 5 p.m. By the end of this year, I will have worked for ten years. 2 Diễn tả một hành động sẽ được hoàn thành trước một hành động khác trong tương lai. Ex: She will have walked to school before you finish your breakfast. Tomorrow, if you come at 8 a.m. I shall have gone to school. C. Chú ý. Thì tương lai hoàn thành được dùng với thành ngữ chỉ thời gian bắt đầu bằng: “By + time” Ex: By 7 o’clock, . . . . By then, By the time, By the end of (November, May……) Ex: She will have finished reading this novel by the end of next week. I will have finished my exams by June 1st. D. Exercise: Put the verb in brackets into the future perfect tense. 1. The train (leave). . . . . . . .before we reach the station. 2. By the time you come, he (be). . . . . . .in prison for exactly a year. 3. I (finish). . . . . . . .this novel by tomorrow evening. 4. I hope they (repair). . . . . . .this road by the time we come back next summer. 5. On 20 March they (be). . . . . . . married for 5 years.. EXERCISES TENSE Exercise 1: Give the right form of the verbs in Simple Present or Present continuous. 1. I (have) ……….coffee for breakfast every morning. 2. My mother (work)……….in a shoes store this summer. 3. The student (look up) ……….that new word right now. 4. It (rain) ……….very much in the summer. It (rain) ……….now. 5. Look! A man (run) ……….after the train. He (want) ……….to catch it. 6. Excuse me, I (have) ……….to help a customer. 7. Mother (cook) ….some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook) …….in the morning. 8. Listen! I (hear) ……….somebody knocking at the front door. 9. I (see) ……….that you (wear) ……….your best clothes. 10. I (do) ……….an exercise on the present tense at this moment and I (think) ……….that I (know) ……….how to use it now. 11. Look at that crowd. I (wonder) ……….what they (wait) ……….for. 12. If all (go) ……….well, I’ll finish it in a fortnight. 13. It (feel) ……….warm in here at the moment. 14. Ice (melt) ……….to become water. 15. It’s really cold today. The ice in my drink (not melt) ………. Exercise 2: Give the right form of the verbs in Present tenses. 1. I (be) ……….sorry. I (forget) ……….that fellow’s name already. 2. Jack (look) ……….no trouble with my English lesson up to now. 3. Michael (work) ……….thirty eight hours a week. 4. At present, that author (write) ……….a historical novel. 5. The weather generally (get) ……….quite hot in July and August. 6. How long……….you (learn) ……….English? 7. Fred’s brother just (graduate) ……….from Oxford University. 8. That brown briefcase (belong) ……….to Dr. Rice. 9. Robert (wait) ……….for you since noon..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(12)</span> 10. Yes, I (remember) ……….that other fellow’s name now. Exercise 3: Give the right form of the verbs in Past tenses. 1. When the phone (ring)………., I (have)……….a bath. 2. You (wear)……….your new hat when I (meet)……….you yesterday. 3. When it (rain)……….she (carry)……….an umbrella. 4. The house (be)……….much smaller than he (think)……….at first. 5. While you (play)……….the piano, I (write)……….a letter. 6. Before you (mention)……….him, I never (hear)……….of that author. 7. When he (go)…….to see them last night, they (play)…….cards. They (say)……,they (play) ………since six o’clock. 8. My friends (sing)………when I (come)………into the room. 9. The little girl (ask)………what (happen)……….to her ice-cream. 10. He (eat)………dinner when I (go)………to see him. Exercise 4: Give the right form of the verbs in Simple Past or Present Perfect tense. 1. We (study) ……….a very hard lesson the day before yesterday. 2. We (study) ……….almost every lesson in this book so far. 3. We (watch, never) ……….that television program. 4. We (watch) ……….an interesting program on television last night. 5. My wife and I (travel) ……….by air many times in the past. 6. My wife and I (travel) ……….to Mexico by air last Summer. 7. I (read) ……….that novel by Hemingway several times before. 8. I (read) ……….that novel again during my last vacation. 9. I (have) ……….a little trouble with my car last week. 10. However, I (have) ……….no trouble with my car since then. 11. He (live) ……….in London for 2 years and then (go) ……….to Paris. 12. I (wait) ……….until everybody (leave) ………. 13. I (be) ……….there for 5 minutes when all the lights (go) ……….out. 14. By the time we (get) ……….there, most of the guests (arrive) ………. 15. As soon as I (do) ……….it, I (realize) ……….that I (make) ……….a mistake. Exercise 5 : Give the right form of the verbs in Simple Past or Past Continuous tense. 1. He (work) ……….all day yesterday. 2. When I (arrive) ……….at his house he still (sleep) ………. 3. As we (cross) ……….the street, the policeman (shout) ……….at us. 4. The light (go) ……….out while we (have) ……….dinner. 5. The children (do) ……….their homework when their father (come) ……….back from the office. 6. Bill (have) ……….breakfast when I (stop) ……….at his house this morning. 7. While I (walk) ……….around the park, I (see) ……….Mr. Jone. 8. When I (go) ……….out the run (shine) ………. 9. Just as I (leave) ……….for home, a student (stop) ……….me in the hall. 10. When the students (hear) ……….the bell, they (get up) ……….and (leave) ………. Exercise 6: Give the right form of the verbs in Simple Past or Past Perfect tense. 1. They (go) ……….home after they (finish) ……….their work. 2. He (do) ……….nothing before he (see) ……….me. 3. He (thank) ……….me for what I (do) ……….. 4. I (be) ……….sorry that I (hurt) ……….him. 5. After they (go) ………., they (sit) ……….down and (rest) ………. 6. My friend (not see) ……….me for many years when I (meet) ……….him last week. 7. In England he soon (remember) ……….all he (learn) ………. 8. They (tell) ………. him they (not meet) ……….him before. 9. He (ask) ……….why we (come) ………. so early..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(13)</span> 10. She (say) ………. that she already (see) ……….Dr. Rice. 11. It was not until I (read) ……….your letter that I (understand) ……….the truth. 12. He (sleep) ……….all night but he (be) ……….still tired in the morning. 13. Tom and John (know) ……….each other because they (meet) ……….the summer before. 14. I (start) ……….college as soon as I (finish) ……….school. 15. Somebody (tell) ……….me that I (be) ……….late for the train. Exercise 7: Give the right form of the verbs in Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous. 1. I (try) ……….to learn English for years, but I (not succeed) ……….yet. 2. I (wait) ……….for two hours, but she (not come) ……….yet. 3. She (read) ……….all the works of Dickens. How many……….you (read) ……….? 4. I (wait) …here nearly half an hour for my girl friend Joana. Do you think she (forget) ….to come? 5. Jack (go) ……….to Paris for a holiday, I……….never (be) ……….there. 6. That book (lie) ……….on the table for weeks. ……….you (not read) ……….it yet? 7. He (not be) ……….here since Christmas, I wonder where he……….(live) since then. 8. Mary (rest) ……….in the garden all day because she (be) ……….ill. 9. She (work) ……….so hard this week that she (not have) ……….time to go to the movies. 10. We (live) ……….here for the last six months, and just (decide) ……….to move.. Exercise 8: Give the right form of the verbs in Simple Future or Simple Present. 1. We’ll go out when the rain (stop) ………. 2. I (stay) ……….here until he (answer) ……….me. 3. Wait until I (catch) ……….you. 4. I’ll be ready before you (count) ……….ten. 5. John must eat his breakfast before he (go) ……….out. 6. Miss Helen (help) you as soon as she (finish) ……….that letter. 7. I (get) ……….a new one before tonight. 8. She (not come) ……….until you (be) ……….ready. 9. After the class (be) ……….over, ask the teacher about that sentence. 10. I (come) ……….and (see) ……….you before I (leave) ……….for England. Exercise 9: Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets: 1. He thinks that it (rain) ……….tonight. 2. Bill said that he (lose) ……….his bicycle. 3. I had done all that (be) ……….necessary. 4. They have found that the road (be) ……….very long. 5. I saw that I (make) ……….a mistake. 6. The teacher asked Bill why he (not go) ……….to school the day before. 7. We find that we (take) ……….a wrong way. 8. I want to know how long she (live) ……….here. 9. I didn’t know who (help) ……….him. 10. Do you hear what she (say) ……….. 11. They believe that the police (capture)……….the thief. 12. Did John say he (call) ……….you again? 13. They say the weather probably (be) ……….cold next week. 14. She has thought that the work (be) ……….easy. 15. The students had thought that the English test (be) ……….rather difficult. 16. I don’t think I (can) ……….finish this report on schedule. 17. He complained that nobody (believe) ……….a word he said. 18. I’m certain that the price (go) ……….up soon..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(14)</span> 19. My father said he (be) ……….here by noon. 20. Miss Snow swears that she (never see) ……….that man before. 21. I (not see) ……….him since last Monday. 22. They had sold all the books when we (get) ……….there. 23. I think he (leave) ……….as soon as he (know) ……….the news. 24. I (never read) ……….a story that interested me so much as the one I (read) ……….last night. 25. He (sleep) ……….so he didn’t understand what you said to him. 26. I (finish) ……….the book before my next birthday. 27. Some animals (not eat) ……….during the Winter. 28. Why didn’t you listen while I (speak) ……….to you? 29. This time next week, we (walk) ……….about in HCM city. 30. What happened next was what everyone (fear) ……….. 31. Will you wait a minute while I (look) ……….through the text ? 32. Hurry up! The train (come) ……….in. 33. I (wait) ……….for you at the hotel at midday tomorrow. 34. He said he (do) ……….his homework since 7 o’clock. 35. They (build) ……….a new house in this corner of the street right now. 36. How many films you (see) ……….this month? 37. When George (come) ……….this afternoon, he (bring) ……….his friends. 38. I (speak) ……….to you about that matter after the meeting tonight. 39. They (not come) ……….home until they (see) ……….everything. 40. Tom was very tired because he (run) ……….for an hour. 41. His health has improved since he (leave) ……….India. 42. When you (be) ……….all this morning? It’s nearly midday now. 43. The farmers (work) ……….in the field now. 44. My parents (live) ……….in London. They (be) ……….there for 20 years. 45. She paid for her ticket and (leave) ……….. 46. She (sit) ……….under a tree when it (begin) ……….to rain. 47. How many times you (see) ……….him since he went to Edinburgh? 48. Mr. Davy (work) …….in the same place for thirty five years and he is not planning to retire yet. 49. Rivers usually (flow) ……….to the sea. 50. Do you know that man who (smoke) ……….there? 51. The manager just (close) ……….at the moment before I (arrive) ……….. 52. When the alarm rang, Frank (jump) ……….out of bed quickly. 53. I saw a bad accident while I (wait) ……….for you on this corner. 54. At 4 pm. Yesterday? Well, I (work) ……….in my office. 55. When we (see) ……….Mr. Taylor tomorrow, I (remind) ……….him of that. 56. The war (break) ……….out three years ago. 57. Up to the present, George (do) ……….good work in this class. 58. At present, that author (write) ……….a historical novel. 59. Light (travel) ……….faster than sound. 60. Listen ! I think someone (knock) ……….at the door. 61. My brother (work) ……….in this factory since 1988. 62. What (happen) ……….to you yesterday? 63. I (wash) ……….my hair before breakfast this morning. 64. The boys (break) ……….a window when they (play) ……….football. 65. We (understand) ……….it after the teacher (explain) ……….it to us. 66. They (build) ……….that bridge when I was here last year. They (not finish) ……….it yet. 67. He (play) football since he (be) ……….ten years old. 68. Excuse me,……….you (speak) ……….English ?.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(15)</span> 69. What……….Tom (do) ……….when you saw him? 70. How often ……….you (read) ………. a newspaper? 71. Alice (leave) ………. for Washington as soon as she finished her exams. 72. While I (go) ………. to school yesterday, I (meet) ……….him. 73. He died after he (be) ……….ill a long time. 74. I (give) ……….it to them when they (visit) ……….us. 75. As soon as he (finish) ……….his work, he (go) ……….home.. EXERCISE TENSE 2 I. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence below. 1. Tom............. Mary in 1985 and since then they .................. good friends. a. met / were b. met / have been c. have met / have been d. have met / were 2. I ............... a snack at midnight last night. a. eat b. ate c. was eating d. have eaten 3. She isn’t here. She ..................... in the living room. a. sits b. is sitting c. sat d. was sitting 4. Mary ............. her job last month and since then she .................. out of work. a. lost / was b. lost / has been c. has lost / has been d. has lost / was 5. Where are you? –I’m upstairs. I ..................... a bath. a. have b. am having c. has d. was having 6. ............... you ................ at home tonight? a. Did / stay b. Do / stay c. Have / stayed d. Will / stay 7. …………….. the police ……………………. for the criminal now? a. Is / looking b. Have / looked c. Did / look d. Are / looking 8. They sent some books to my sister and ………………………….. . a. leave b. were leaving c. left d. have left 9. The police …………………….the thief recently. a. have arrested b. has arrested c. arrested d. arrests 10. My father often …………………… to work by bus. a. go b. went c. goes d. is going 11. The phone rang when I ………………… a bath. a. have b. has c. was having d. am having 12. My sister ……………… a novel at the moment. a. is reading b. are reading c. read d. reads 13. When I see Tom tomorrow, I …………… him of that. a. remind b. reminded c. will remind d. would remind 14. I ………………him since last Sunday..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(16)</span> a. haven’t seen b. don’t see c. hadn’t seen 15. The light ……………… out when I was having tea. a. will go b. is going c. went 16. At present, my father ……………… in the garden. a. is watering b. waters c. has watered 17. As soon as he finishes his work, he ………………… home. a. go b. goes c. will go 18. Light ………………… faster than sound. a. travel b. travels c. traveled 19. He fell down while he ……………… toward the church. a. will run b. runs c. was running 20. They _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in London from 1970 to 1990. a. lived b. lives c. had lived 21. He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ at Tan Son Nhat airport recently. a. has arrived b. will arrive c. arrives 22. She will be ready when he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ here. a. will get b. got c. gets 23. Linda is working in this department. She _ _ _ _ _ _ _ here for 2 years. a. works b. worked c. had worked 24. The children.................football all day yesterday. a. played b. play c. was playing 25. When it began to rain, they ------------- in the yard. a. played b. had played c. were playing 26. He ------------- English in London ten years ago. a. studies b. studied c. has studied 27. They ------------- this factory since 1999. a. have worked b. has worked c. had worked 28. Nam and Lan usually ------------- to their school by bus. a. goes b. have gone c. go 29. Be quiet! Their children------------- . a. is sleeping b. are sleeping c. was sleeping 30. We ------------- out when the rain stops. a. will go b. go c. will be going 31. John seldom ------------- after 6 o’clock. a. got up b. will get up c. is getting up 32. We saw Nga while we ------------- for the bus. a. were waiting b. was waiting c. is waiting 33. They were very rich. They must ------------- in a modern house. a. live b. be lived c. have lived 34. He ------------- an assistant in the laboratory after he had been a bookbinder. a. has become b. became c. becomes 35. Someone _ _ _ _ _ _ _ it twenty years ago. a. has stolen b. was stolen c. stole 36. At three o’clock yesterday, Maria _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a. studies b. studying c. was studying 37. The earth _ _ _ _ _ _ _ round the sun. a. has gone b. goes c. will go 38. Where are you? I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the garden. a. were sitting b. was sitting c. am sitting. d. didn’t see d. was going d. will water d. would go d. is traveling d. had run d. have lived d. arrived d. has got d. has worked d. were playing d. have played d. had studied d. worked d. went d. were sleeping d. is going d. gets up d. are waiting d. have been lived d. is becoming d. had stolen d. has studied d. went d. will sit.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(17)</span> 39. When the postman came I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ breakfast a. was having b. had c. am having d. were having 40. I ............... a cough since yesterday. a. have b. have had c. had d. was having 41. I've been in this city for a long time. I ..............here sixteen years ago. a. came b. had come c. was coming d. have 42. Ever since she arrived, she……..quietly in the corner. a. sat b. has been sitting c. sits d. is sitting 43. It was necessary that he……..his father the truth. a. tells b. to tell c. must tell d. will tell 44. This time next week, I……..across the Pacific Ocean. a. would fly b. am flying c. will be flying d. can fly 45. She….finished the monthly financial reports yet, but says she should have them by end of the day. a. isn’t b. wasn’t c. hadn’t d. hasn’t 46. We didn’t use to get up late when we……..in the countryside. a. live b. lived c. are living d. were living. 47. By the end of next year, Mr. Park……..for this company for 35 years. a. will work b. will have worked c. will be working d. has worked 48. After Diego………..lunch, he………..to some music for a while. a. finished/had listened b. had finished/listened c. finished/listened d. had finished/had listened 49. It seems that whenever I travel abroad I……..to take something I need. a. forgot b. am forgetting c. forget d. had forgotten 50. By the time he retired from work, all his daughters……..married. a. got b. have got c. would get d. had got 51. I will see him when he……..here tomorrow. a. comes b. will come c. has come d. had come 52. The boys broke a window when they……..football. a. played b. were playing c. had played d. are playing 53. I……..about him when suddenly he came in. a. talk b. talked c. am talking d. was talking 54. Please don’t touch anything before…….. a. the police will come b. the police comes c. the police come d. the police would come 55. Don’t make noise. My mother……..with her friends. a. is talking b. was talking c. talks d. talked 56. I……..her since……..a student. a. know / am b. knew / was c. have known / am d. have known / was 57. So far, many beautiful buildings……..built in Bangkok. a. were b. have been c. are d. had been 58. Before I started the car, all of the passengers……..their seat belts. a. will buckle b. had buckled c. buckle d. have buckled 59. After the race…….., the celebration began. a. had been won b. is won c. will be won d. has been won 60. The streets……..wet yesterday because it ……..early in the morning. a. had been / rained b. were / rained c. had been / had rained d. were / had rained 61. Mary……..in several other cities when she……..to move to New York City. a. lived / decided b. lived / had decided c. had lived / decided d. had lived / had decided.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(18)</span> 62. I ……..sick for several days, so I ……..to see the doctor. a. had felt / had gone b. felt / had gone c. felt / went d. had felt / went 63. Next week when there……..a full moon, the ocean tides will be higher. a. is being b. is c. will be d. will have been 64. While I ……..TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor. a. watch b. watched c. was watching d. am watching 65. The earth……..on the sun for its heat and light. a. is depend b. depending c. has depend d. depends 66. I don’t feel good. I ……..home from work tomorrow. a. am staying b. stay c. will have stayed d. stayed 67. According to research reports, people usually……..in their sleep 25 to 30 times each night. a. turn b. are turning c. have turned d. turned 68. He……..to class this morning because he was sick. a. didn’t come b. hadn’t come c. hasn’t come d. won’t come 69. They……..together for five years when they decided to get married. a. had been b. have been c. were d. had being 70. She……..extremely quiet since her husband died. a. is b. has been c. was d. is being 1. After Mrs. Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner. 2. Jimmy threw the ball high in the air, and Betty catching it when it came down. 3. Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it. 4. Last week Mark told me that he got very bored with his present job and is looking for a new one. 5. Having fed the dog, he was sat down to his own meal. 6. When I returned on my computer, I was shocked to find some junk mail, and I just delete it all. 7. They are going to have to leave soon and so do we. 8. The boss laughed when the secretary has told him that she really needed a pay rise. 9. The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it. 10. Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years. 11. I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer. 12. When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she stopped moving and listen intently. 13. I think it’s time you must change your way of living. 14. Roger felt the outside of his pocket to make sure his wallet is still there..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(19)</span> 15. While I’m shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t met for five years. 16. The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant. 17. Although the driver slamming on his brakes, he couldn’t avoid hitting the small dog. 18. Peter and Wendy first met in 2006, and they are married for three years now. 19. Some people are believing there is life on other planets. 20. Mr. Dawson has to finish the meeting and getting to the airport by 5 p.m. 21. When a boy, Tom often plays tennis. 22. Last week, when the police came there, the thief went away. 23. Books borrowed from the library must be took good care of. 24. The Vietnamese people are not used to drive on the left side of the road. 25. She is very lazy, she almost never help her mother with the household chores. 26. Before going to bed, Mrs. Tuyet usually read something or watches some programs on television. 27. It’s ten years since we have left school in 1996. 28. I was working really hard in my office yesterday when the electricity is out. 29. People say that during World War II, many women take over the businesses for their absent husbands. 30. As soon as john will get a good job, he is going to by a flat..

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