Tài liệu Unit 3: By coincidence pptx

UNIT THREE
BY COIN CIDEN CE
1. LISTENING
VOCABULARY:

IN THE KNOW: This is an adapted true story contributed by a listener to National Public
Radio’s National Story Project

1. connected /
kC
/
nektId
/ (a): things such as ideas, events, or facts that are connected are
related to
each other: có liên quan
Were the two deaths connected? Hai cái cht đó có liên quan vi nhau không?
2. go out (phrasal verb): to leave your house and go somewhere, especially to do something
enjoyable: đi chi
I wanted the evenings free for going out with friends: Tôi mun rnh vào các bui ti đ
đi chi vi bn bè.
3. neighborhood /
NeIbC
/
hUd
/ (n): the people who live near each other: lân cn, ngi hàng
xóm
4. lose touch (phrasal verb): to not see, speak to, or write to someone any longer: mt liên lc
She moved to France and we lost touch with each other: Cô ta chuyn đn sng  Pháp
và chúng tôi đã mt liên lc vi nhau.
5. happen to do something (phrasal verb): to do something by chance: làm gì đó mt cách tình
c

I happened to meet an old friend in town: Tình c tôi gp mt ngi bn c  ngòai ph.
6. used /
ju:zd/ (a): owned by someone else before you: SECOND-HAND: hàng xài ri
a used car salesman: mt nhân viên bán xe hi xài ri
7. share /
SeC/ (v): [intransitive or transitive] to use or have something at the same time as
someone else: s dng chung
Do you mind sharing a table?: Vui lòng cho tôi ngi chung bàn nhé.
8. tattered
/
/
tAtCd
/ (n): something that is tattered looks in very bad condition because parts of
it have been torn: RAGGED: rách nát, t ti
9. familiar /fC
/
mIlIC/ (a): a familiar sight, problem, etc. is common and happens a lot: quen
thuc
Horse-drawn carriages used to be a familiar sight: Trc đây xe nga là mt hình nh
quen thuc.

IN THE KNOW: Charles Dickens (1812-1970) was a popular British novelist. He wrote Great
Expectations in 1860, when he was already a well-established and successful author. Some of his
other books include A Tale of Two Cities, A Christmas Carol, and Oliver Twist.

2. VOCABULARY: PHRASAL VERBS

VOCABULARY:

LANGUAGE NOTE: Most transitive phrasal verbs are separable. This means that the object

can go either after the particle (when it is a noun, but not a pronoun) or between the verb and the
particle (when it is a noun, but not a pronoun). For example, I turned down the offer OR I turned
the offer down OR I turned it down. Not I turned down it.
Other phrasal verbs are inseparable. For example, We can ran into a friend OR We ran into him.
Not: We ran a friend into OR We ran him into. The verbs in exercise 2 which have the word
someone between the verb and the particle are separable. This is also the usual convention in
most dictionaries.
1. orphan /
/
c:fn
/ (n): a child whose parents have died: tr m côi
2. pass away: (phrasal verb) to die. This word is used to avoid saying “die” when you think this
might upset someone: qua đi
3. bring up: (phrasal verb) [often passive] to take care of a child until he or she becomes an adult:
RAISE: nuôi dng
She brought up three sons on her own: Cô ta mt mình nuôi dng ba đa con.
4. run into: (phrasal verb) see by chance: tình c gp ai
5. wealthy /
/
welTI
/ (n): a wealthy person, organization, or country is one that has a large
amount of money, land, and other valuable things: RICH: giàu có, phát đt
6. adopted /C
/
do:ptId/ (a): đc nhn làm con nuôi
7. fall for: (phrasal verb) fall for someone to fall in love with someone: phi lòng yêu ai
He fell for Rosie when he was in the hospital and she was his nurse: Anh ra phi lòng
Rosie khi anh nm bnh vin và lúc đó cô y là mt y tá.
8. come into: (phrasal verb) tha hng
9. turn up: (phrasal verb) kt qu là

10. unexpected /
VnIk
/
spektId
/ (a): something that is unexpected is surprising, because you
did not expect it at all or you expected it to happen in a different way: bt ng, thình lình
11. turn down: (phrasal verb) to refuse to accept an offer or request: t chI

SUMMARY OF GREAT EXPECTATION S:
One of Dickens? shorter novels and also one of his most influential is Great Expectations. It appeared
initially in serial form in All The Year Round between 1860 and 1861 and is now considered to be one of his
finest novels. It concerns the young boy Philip Pirrip (known as ?Pip?) and his development through life after
an early meeting with the escaped convict Abel Magwitch, who he treats kindly despite his fear. His
unpleasant sister and her humorous and friendly blacksmith husband, Joe, bring him up. Crucial to his
development as an individual is his introduction to Miss Havisham (one of Dickens? most brilliant portraits),
a now aging woman who has given up on life after being jilted at the altar. Cruelly, Havisham has brought up
her daughter Estella to revenge her own pain and so as Pip falls in love with her she is made to torture him
in romance. Aspiring to be a gentleman despite his humble beginnings, Pip seems to achieve the impossible
by receiving a fund of wealth from an unknown source and being sent to London with the lawyer Jaggers.
He is employed but eventually loses everything and Estella marries another. His benefactor turns out to
have been Magwitch and his future existence is based upon outgrowing the great expectations and returning
to Joe and honest laout. Eventually he is reunited with Estella. There have been a number of film
adaptations of the novel, the most recent of which featured Anne Bancroft as Miss Havisham. Doubtless,
this was something of an in-joke meant for those who know Bancroft best as Mrs. Robinson in The Graduate
which is very much inspired by this Dickens novel and benefits from the comparison.

3. READING

VOCABULARY:
1. get along: (phrasal verb) get along or get on or get on with if people get along, they like each

other and are friendly to each other: hòa thun vi nhau
2. subway /
/
sVbweI
/ (n): AMERICAN a railroad that goes under the ground. British
underground: đng ngm, đng xe đin ngm
3. slip on /slIp/ (phrasal verb): mc vi vào
4. coat /kCUt/ (n): a piece of clothing with long sleeves that you wear over your other clothes
when you go outside. A short coat is also called a jacket and a long coat is also called an
overcoat: áo khoát
5. reach for: (phrasal verb) vi ly
6. in someone’s excitement: in someone’s excitement (=because someone is excited): trong nim
hân hoan ca ai đó
7. expect /
Iks
/
pekt
/ (v): [often progressive] to be waiting for someone or something to
arrive: mong đi, ch đi
8. head for: (phrasal verb) [intransitive] to go in a particular direction: đi đn, hng v phía
head for/toward/through etc.: We decided to head for home: Chúng tôi quyt đnh đi v
nhà.
9. course /
kc:s/ (n): a series of classes or lectures in an academic subject or a practical skill:
khóa hc
Spanish course: khóa hc ting Tây Ban Nha
10. break /
breIk/ (n): a short period of time when you stop what you are doing so that you
can eat or rest: k ngh
Doctors and nurses worked 18 hours without a break: Bác s và y tá làm vic 18 ting mà

không ngh ngi.
11. determine /
dI
/
tE:mIN
/ (v): [intransitive or transitive verb] to officially decide something:
quyt đnh
12. sight-seeing: (n) the activity of traveling around a place to see the interesting things in it: s
tham quan cnh đp ca mt đa phng
13. interrupt /
IntC
/
rVpt
/ (v): [intransitive or transitive] to say or do something to stop
someone when they are speaking or concentrating on something: làm gián đan

IN THE KNOW: The expression to have the heart to do something means “to have the
enthusiasm or desire to do it.”

4. FOCUS ON GRAMMAR
VOCABULARY:

5. LISTENING
VOCABULARY:
1. the day before that = the previous day: ngày hôm trc
2. the same day = that day: ngày hôm đó
3. the next day = the day after that = the following day: ngày hôm sau, ngày k tip
4. two days later: hai ngày sau đó

6. LISTENING & READING

VOCABULARY:
1. amazing /C
/
meIzIN/ (a): very surprising: đáng kinh ngc
She told me an amazing story: Cô ta k cho tôi nghe mt câu chuyn rt đáng kinh ngac.
2. guy /
gaI/ (n): INFORMAL a man: mt ngi đàn ông
3. tractor /
/
trAktC
/ (n): a vehicle used on farms, for example to pull machines: máy kéo
4. originally /
C
/
rIdZCnClI/ (adv): at first: ban đu, lúc đu
5. jump up: (phrasal verb) [intransitive] to move your body off the ground using your legs: nhy
cng lên
jump up: The cat jumped up onto my lap: Con mèo nhy vào lòng tôi.
6. hug /hVg/ (v): [intransitive or transitive] to put your arms around someone to show your love
or friendship: ôm
7. chain /tSeIn/ (n): [count] a series of people or things of the same type that form a
connected line: mt dòng, mt chuI
8. psychologist /
saI
/
kOlCdZIst
/ (n): someone who studies how people’s minds work and
how this affects their behavior: nhà tâm lý hc
9. acquaintance /e
/

kweIntCns/ (n): [count] someone you know a little, who is not a close
friend: nqi quen bit
He recognized Mr. Hunter as an old business acquaintance from his years in banking:
Ông ta nhân ra ông Hunter là mt ngi quen làm n c lúc ông còn làm vic  ngân hàng.
10. random /
/
rAndCm
/ (a): chosen or happening without any particular method, pattern, or
purpose: ngu nhiên
11. criterion /kraI
/
tICriCn/ (n): standards that are used for judging something or making a
decision about something: tiêu chun, tiêu chí
criteria for: What criteria do you have for selecting patients for treatment?: Anh có tiêu
chí gì khi chn bnh nhân điu tr?
12. theorize /
/
TICraIz
/ (v): to develop ideas to explain something: to ra các lý thuyt
13. implication /
ImplI
/
keISn/ (n): [count usually plural] a possible effect or result: s hàm
ý, ám ch
14. contact /
/
kOntAkt
/ (n): [count or uncount] communication between people, countries, or
organizations either by talking or writing: giao tip, giao thip
IN THE KNOW: Stanley Milgram (1933-1984) was an American social psychologist. His

theory of “six degrees of separation” was the subject of a 1990 play by John Guare, which was
later made into a movie.

7. LANGUAGE IN ACTION: CONFIRMATION
VOCABULARY:
1. politician /pOlC
/
tISCn/ (n): someone who has a job in politics, especially a member of the
government: nhà chính tr
2. delighted /dI
/
laItId/ (a): very happy, especially because something good has happened:
rt hài lòng, t ra thích thú
delighted to do something: I was delighted to see my old friends again: Tôi rt vui
sng gp li nhng ngi bn c.
3. mix up: (phrasal verb) to think that one person or thing is another person or thing: nhm ln.
4. romance /
rCU
/
mCns
/ (n): [uncount] the feelings or behavior typical of people who love each
other: truyn tình
5. queue /kju:/ (v): to LINE UP: xp hàng
6. melt /
melt/ (v): [transitive] to change a solid substance into a liquid: tan ra
Melt the butter in a small saucepan: Làm tan b trong mt cái cho nh
7. vow /vaU/ (n): vows [plural] a set of promises that people make to each other, for example
during a wedding ceremony: li th, li nguyn
8. shelter /
/

SeltC
/ (v): [transitive] to protect someone or something from bad weather: ch
nng ta, n náo

Test for unit 3
1. Decide if the verbs are followed by a verb in the gerund or in the infinitive form.
1. finish
A. Gerund
B. Infinitive + to
C. Both possibilities are correct.

2. like
A. Gerund
B. Infinitive + to
C. Both possibilities are correct.

3. hope
A. Gerund
B. Infinitive + to
C. Both possibilities are correct.

4. feel like
A. Gerund
B. Infinitive + to
C. Both possibilities are correct.

5. seem
A. Gerund
B. Infinitive + to
C. Both possibilities are correct.

6. forget
A. Gerund
B. Infinitive + to
C. Both possibilities are correct.

7. start
A. Gerund
B. Infinitive + to
C. Both possibilities are correct.

8. manage
A. Gerund
B. Infinitive + to
C. Both possibilities are correct.

9. agree
A. Gerund
B. Infinitive + to
C. Both possibilities are correct.

10. avoid
A. Gerund
B. Infinitive + to
C. Both possibilities are correct.
Key: