Tài liệu OCA: Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Associate Study Guide- P1 doc

Oracle
®
Database 11g
Administrator Certifi ed
Associate
STUDY GUIDE
Biju Thomas
Covers Both the 1Z0-051 and 1Z0-052 Exams!
OCA
Includes Real-World Scenarios, Hands-On Exercises,
and Leading-Edge Exam Prep Software Featuring:
• Custom Test Engine
• Hundreds of Sample Questions
• Electronic Flashcards for PCs, Pocket PCs,
and Palm Handhelds
• Entire Book in PDF
Exams 1Z0-051
and 1Z0-052
SERIOUS SKILLS.
OCA
Oracle
®
Database 11g
Administrator Certifi ed Associate
STUDY GUIDE
Thomas
FEATURED ON THE CD
ISBN: 978-0-470-39512-7
Study, practice, and review for OCA certifi cation in Oracle 11g,
Oracle’s new release of its top-selling database software. Inside
this in-depth guide, you’ll fi nd full coverage of essential topics

for two required OCA certifi cation exams: SQL Fundamentals I
(1Z0-051) and Administration I (1Z0-052). Explore topics such as
basic SQL SELECT statements, group functions, creating schema
objects, restricting and sorting data, and much more with this
essential two-in-one guide. Inside, you’ll fi nd:
Full coverage of all exam objectives in a systematic approach, so you
can be confi dent you’re getting the instruction you need for the exam
Practical hands-on exercises to reinforce critical skills
Real-world scenarios that put what you’ve learned in the context
of actual job roles
Challenging review questions in each chapter to prepare you for
exam day
Exam Essentials, a key feature in each chapter that identifi es critical
areas you must become profi cient in before taking the exam
A handy tear card that maps every offi cial exam objective to the
corresponding chapter in the book, so you can track your exam prep
objective by objective
Biju Thomas,
OCA, OCP, is a senior database administrator with more than 15 years
of Oracle application development and database management experience. He has
coauthored fi ve Oracle certifi cation books published by Sybex and has written articles
for multiple Oracle technical publications.
Prepare for two OCA certifi cation
exams with this one book
$89.99 US
$107.99 CN
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Look inside for complete coverage
of all exam objectives.
www.sybex.com

SYBEX TEST ENGINE:
Test your knowledge with advanced
testing software. Includes all chapter
review questions and bonus exams.
ELECTRONIC FLASHCARDS:
Reinforce your understanding with
fl ashcards that can run on your PC,
Pocket PC, or Palm handheld.
Also on CD, you’ll fi nd the entire
book in searchable and printable PDF.
Study anywhere, any time, and
approach the exam with confi dence.
CATEGORY
COMPUTERS/Certifi cation Guides
Exam 1Z0-051
Exam 1Z0-052
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Exam specifications and content are subject to change at any time without
prior notice and at Oracle’s sole discretion. Please visit Oracle’s website (
http://
education.oracle.com
) for the most current information on their exam content.
OCA: Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified
Associate Study Guide
1Z0-051 Exam Objectives
OBJECTIVE CHAPTER
Retrieving Data Using the SQL SELECT Statement
List the capabilities of SQL SELECT statements 1

Execute a basic SELECT statement 1
Restricting and Sorting Data
Limit the rows that are retrieved by a query 1
Sort the rows that are retrieved by a query 1
Use ampersand substitution to restrict and sort output at runtime 1
Using Single-Row Functions to Customize Output
Describe various types of functions available in SQL 2
Use character, number, and date functions in SELECT statements 2
Using Conversion Functions and Conditional Expressions
Describe various types of conversion functions that are available in SQL 2
Use the TO_CHAR, TO_NUMBER, and TO_DATE conversion functions 2
Apply conditional expressions in a SELECT statement 2
Reporting Aggregated Data Using the Group Functions
Identify the available group functions 3
Describe the use of group functions 3
Group data by using the GROUP BY clause 3
Include or exclude grouped rows by using the HAVING clause 3
Displaying Data from Multiple Tables
Write SELECT statements to access data from more than one table using
equijoins and nonequijoins
4
Join a table to itself by using a self-join 4
View data that generally does not meet a join condition by using outer joins 4
Generate a Cartesian product of all rows from two or more tables 4
Using Subqueries to Solve Queries
Define subqueries 4
Describe the types of problems that the subqueries can solve 4
List the types of subqueries 4
Write single-row and multiple-row subqueries 4
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OBJECTIVE CHAPTER
Using the Set Operators
Describe set operators 4
Use a set operator to combine multiple queries into a single query 4
Control the order of rows returned 4
Manipulating Data
Describe each data manipulation language (DML) statement 5
Insert rows into a table 5
Update rows in a table 5
Delete rows from a table 5
Control transactions 5
Using DDL Statements to Create and Manage Tables
Categorize the main database objects 6
Review the table structure 6
List the data types that are available for columns 6
Create a simple table 6
Explain how constraints are created at the time of table creation 6
Describe how schema objects work 6
Creating Other Schema Objects
Create simple and complex views 7
Retrieve data from views 7
Create, maintain, and use sequences 7
Create and maintain indexes 7
Create private and public synonyms 7
1Z0-052 Exam Objectives
OBJECTIVE CHAPTER
Exploring the Oracle Database Architecture
Explain the Memory Structures 8
Describe the Process Structures 8

Overview of Storage Structures 8
Preparing the Database Environment
Identify the tools for Administering an Oracle Database 8
Plan an Oracle Database installation 8
Install the Oracle software by using Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) 8
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Exam specifications and content are subject to change at any time without
prior notice and at Oracle’s sole discretion. Please visit Oracle’s website (
http://
education.oracle.com
) for the most current information on their exam content.
OBJECTIVE CHAPTER
Creating an Oracle Database
Create a database by using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) 9
Managing the Oracle Instance
Setting database initialization parameters 9
Describe the stages of database startup and shutdown 9
Using alert log and trace files 9
Using data dictionary and dynamic performance views 9
Configuring the Oracle Network Environment
Configure and Manage the Oracle Network 11
Using the Oracle Shared Server architecture 11
Managing Database Storage Structures
Overview of tablespace and datafiles 10
Create and manage tablespaces 10
Space management in tablespaces 10
Administering User Security
Create and manage database user accounts 12
Grant and revoke privileges 12

Create and manage roles 12
Create and manage profiles 12
Managing Schema Objects
Create and Modify tables 10
Manage Constraints 10
Create indexes 10
Create and use temporary tables 10
Managing Data and Concurrency
Manage data using DML 13
Identify and administer PL/SQL objects 13
Monitor and resolve locking conflicts 13
Managing Undo Data
Overview of Undo 13
Transactions and undo data 13
Managing undo 13
Implementing Oracle Database Security
Database Security and Principle of Least Privilege 12
Work with Standard Database Auditing 12
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OBJECTIVE CHAPTER
Database Maintenance
Use and manage optimizer statistics 14
Use and manage Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) 14
Use advisory framework 14
Manage Alerts and Thresholds 14
Performance Management
Use Automatic Memory Management 14
Use Memory Advisors 14
Troubleshoot invalid and unusable objects 14

Intelligent Infrastructure Enhancements
Use the Enterprise Manager Support Workbench 17
Managing Patches 17
Backup and Recovery Concepts
Identify the types of failure that can occur in an Oracle database 16
Describe ways to tune instance recovery 16
Identify the importance of checkpoints, redo log files, and archived log files 15
Overview of flash recovery area 15
Configure ARCHIVELOG mode 15
Performing Database Backups
Create consistent database backups 15
Back up your database without shutting it down 15
Create incremental backups 15
Automate database backups 15
Manage backups, view backup reports and monitor the flash recovery area 15
Performing Database Recovery
Overview of Data Recovery Advisor 16
Use Data Recovery Advisor to Perform recovery (Control file, Redo log file,
and Data file)
16
Moving Data
Describe and use methods to move data (Directory objects, SQL*Loader,
External Tables)
17
Explain the general architecture of Oracle Data Pump 17
Use Data Pump Export and Import to move data between Oracle databases 17
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OCA
Oracle

®
Database 11g
Administrator
Certified Associate
Study Guide
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OCA
Oracle
®
Database 11g
Administrator
Certified Associate
Study Guide
Biju Thomas
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Acquisitions Editor: Jeff Kellum
Development Editor: Denise Santoro Lincoln
Technical Editors: Arup Nanda and Bob Bryla
Production Editor: Eric Charbonneau
Copy Editor: Kim Wimpsett
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Vice President and Executive Group Publisher: Richard Swadley
Vice President and Publisher: Neil Edde
Media Project Manager 1: Laura Moss-Hollister
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Proofreader: Candace English
Indexer: Ted Laux
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Copyright © 2009 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
Published simultaneously in Canada
ISBN: 978-0-470-39512-7
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Thomas, Biju.
OCA : Oracle database 11g administrator certified associate study guide (1Z0-051 and 1Z0-052) / Biju Thomas. — 1st ed.
p. cm.
ISBN 978-0-470-39512-7 (paper/cd-rom)
1. Electronic data processing personnel—Certification. 2. Database management—Examinations—Study guides. 3.
Oracle (Computer file) I. Title.
QA76.3.T5136 2009
005.75’75—dc22
2008052085
TRADEMARKS: Wiley, the Wiley logo, and the Sybex logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons,
Inc. and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. Oracle
is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. All other trademarks are the property of their
respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
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Dear Reader,
Thank you for choosing OCA: Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Associate
Study Guide (1ZO-051 and 1ZO-052). This book is part of a family of premium-quality
Sybex books, all of which are written by outstanding authors who combine practical
experience with a gift for teaching.
Sybex was founded in 1976. More than thirty years later, we’re still committed to produc-
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To the loving memory of my father
To Joshua and Jeanette
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Acknowledgments
Thanks first to Jeff Kellum and to Sybex for their faith in me to write this book. I would also
like to thank the following wonderful people at Sybex for their support, patience with my
slipping schedules, and good work: Denise Santoro Lincoln (developmental editor) for her
valuable comments, thoughtful edits, patience, and making sure the chapters have a smooth
flow; Eric Charbonneau (production editor) for making sure the various pieces of the book tie
together; Candace English for proofreading; and Pete Gaughan for managing the project.

I thank Kim Wimpsett (copy editor) for her edits and making sure the same standard is
followed across the book. I’m sure her edits made a difference to the look and feel of the chap-
ters. I also thank Sybex and authors of the Introduction to Oracle9i SQL and Oracle Data-
base 10g Administration I study guides for letting me reuse content from their books.
I am very fortunate and honored to have Arup Nanda as the technical editor. Thank you
very much for all your valuable suggestions and for pointing out the errors and inaccuracies in
the book. Your comments are invaluable. Thank you, Bob Bryla, for tech-reviewing the book
and making sure the chapters are technically accurate.
I could not have completed this book without the endless support and love of my wife,
Shiji. Thank you for engaging and taking care of the kids while I spent nights and weekends in
front of the computer.
Last but not least, I thank all my colleagues and management at OneNeck IT Services for
their friendship and support. My special thanks to Joe Hanna for all the encouragement.
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About the Author
Biju Thomas is an Oracle 7.3, Oracle8, Oracle8i, Oracle9i, Oracle 10g, and Oracle 11g OCP
certified professional. He is also a certified Oracle Database SQL Expert. Biju has been devel-
oping and administering Oracle databases since 1993, starting with Oracle version 6. He is
a senior database consultant at OneNeck IT Services Corporation (
www.oneneck.com
) and
resides in Keller, Texas. He maintains a website for DBAs at
www.bijoos.com/oracle
.
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Contents at a Glance
Introduction xxv
SQL Fundamentals I Assessment Test xxxv
Administration I Assessment Test li
Part

I Oracle Database 11g: SQL Fundamentals I 1
Chapter

1 Introducing SQL 3
Chapter

2 Using Single-Row Functions 63
Chapter

3 Using Group Functions 147
Chapter

4 Using Joins and Subqueries 197
Chapter

5 Manipulating Data 251
Chapter

6 Creating Tables and Constraints 287
Chapter

7 Creating Schema Objects 341
Part

II Oracle Database 11g: Administration I 389
Chapter

8 Introducing Oracle Database 11g Components
and Architecture 391
Chapter

9 Creating an Oracle 11g Database 449
Chapter

10 Allocating Database Storage and Creating Schema Objects 523
Chapter

11 Understanding Network Architecture 591
Chapter

12 Implementing Security and Auditing 661
Chapter

13 Managing Data and Undo 717
Chapter

14 Maintaining the Database and Managing Performance 765
Chapter

15 Implementing Database Backups 839
Chapter

16 Recovering the Database 889

Chapter

17 Moving Data and Using EM Tools 935
Appendix About the Companion CD 1003
Glossary 1007
Index 1029
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