Tài liệu Grammar for everyone part 28 pptx

Subordinate clause 1: who was an experienced mountaineer
Adjectival clause qualifying the noun George in main clause 1
Conjunction: before
Subordinate clause 2: he set out towards the summit
Adverbial clause modifying the verbs ‘checked’ in main clause 1
and ‘counted’ in main clause 2
Compound–complex sentence
Format 2 – clause analysis table
With this kind of analysis, the number of columns may be varied
according to the degree of difficulty being practised.
Beginner 1
Sentence: The zoo was closed because a large lion had escaped.
Finite verbs Main clause Link Subordinate clause
was closed The zoo was
closed
because a large lion had escaped
Adverbial clause of reason
modifying the verb ‘was closed’
in the main clause
Complex sentence
Beginner 2
Sentence: The zoo was closed for three days, because a large lion,
which had been flown from Africa, had escaped.
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G r A M M A r f o r e V e rY o n e
Finite verbs Main clause Link Subordinate clause Phrase
was closed
had
escaped

A. The zoo
was closed
because 1. a large lion had
escaped
Adverbial clause of
reason modifying the
verb ‘was closed’ in
the main clause
For three
days
Adverbial
phrase
of time
had been
flown
which 2. had been flown
from Africa
Adjectival clause
qualifying
the noun ‘lion’ in
subordinate
clause 1
from Africa
Adverbial
phrase
of place
Complex sentence
Advanced 1
Sentence: George, who was an experienced climber, checked his
protective clothing and counted his supplies before he set out on

his challenging climb towards the summit.
Finite verb Main clause Link Subordinate clause Phrase
was
checked
counted
set out
A. George
checked his
protective
clothing
B. counted his
supplies
who
and
1. who was an
experienced climber
Adjectival clause 1
qualifying the noun
‘George’ in main
clause A
before 2. he set out on his
challenging climb
Adverbial clause of
time
Modifying the verbs
‘checked’
in main clause A and
‘counted’
in main clause B
towards the

summit
Adverbial
phrase of
place
Compound–complex sentence
Advanced 2
Sentence: When he paused for a brief rest, where the ground was less steep, George noticed a marker which the
previous climber had planted beside a large boulder and he knew, without a doubt, that he was on the right track.
Finite verb Main clause Link Subordinate clause Phrase
paused
noticed
was
had
planted
knew
was
A. George
noticed a
marker
B. he knew
When
(conjunction)
where
(conjunction)
which
and
that
1. he paused
Adverbial clause of time modifying the verb
‘noticed’ in main clause A

2. the ground was less steep
Adverbial clause of place modifying the verb
‘paused’ in Subordinate clause 1
3. which the previous climber
had planted
Adjectival clause qualifying the noun ‘marker’
in main clause A
4. he was on the right track
noun clause object of the verb ‘knew’ in main
clause B
I. for a brief rest
Adverbial phrase of reason
modifying the verb ‘paused’ in Sub clause 1
II. beside a large boulder
Adverbial phrase of place modifying the verb
‘planted’ in Sub clause 3
III. without a doubt
Adverbial phrase of manner
modifying the verb ‘knew’ in main clause B
Compound–complex sentence
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clAuse AnAlYsis
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G r A M M A r f o r e V e rY o n e
Format 3 – clause analysis tree
Beginner
Sentence: The zoo was closed for three days, because a large lion
from Africa had escaped.
Complex sentence
The zoo

was closed
Main clause
for
three
days
Adverbial
phrase of time
modifying the
verb ‘closed’ in
main clause
because a large lion
had escaped
from
Africa
Adjectival
phrase
qualifying the
noun ‘lion’
Adverbial clause of
reason modifying the
verb ‘was closed’ in
main clause
Advanced
Sentence: When he paused for a brief rest, where the ground was
less steep, George noticed a marker which the previous climber
had planted beside a large boulder and he knew, without a doubt,
that he was on the right track.
Compound–complex sentence
Main
clause

A
Main
clause
B
George
noticed
a marker
he knewand
without doubt
when he paused
that
he was
on the
right
track
which the
previous
climber had
planted
for a
brief
rest
where
the
ground
was
less
steep
Adverbial clause of
place modifying the

verb ‘paused’ in sub.
clause 1
Noun clause
Object of verb
‘knew’ in
main
clause B
Adjectival clause
qualifying the
noun ‘marker’ in
main clause A
Adverbial
clause of time
modifying the
verb ‘noticed’ in
main clause A
Adverbial phrase of
manner modifying
the verb ‘knew’ in
main clause B
Adverbial
phrase of
reason
modifying the
verb ‘paused’ in
sub. clause 1
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