VSTEP b1 WRITING PART 1

VIẾT THƯ
MỤC LỤC
1

GIỚI THIỆU- PHẦN 1 CỦA KĨ NĂNG VIẾT......................................................................................1

2

THƯ THEO MỨC ĐỘ TRANG TRỌNG...............................................................................................2
2.1

HƯỚNG DẪN VIẾT THƯ THÂN MẬT........................................................................................2

2.2

VIẾT THƯ TRANG TRỌNG..........................................................................................................4

Cách mở đầu một lá thư trang trọng............................................................................................................5
2.3
3

1

TỔNG KẾT......................................................................................................................................6

THƯ THEO MỤC ĐÍCH.........................................................................................................................6
3.1

Thư cảm ơn.......................................................................................................................................6

3.2

Thư yêu cầu......................................................................................................................................9

3.3

Thư phàn nàn..................................................................................................................................12

3.4

Thư xin lỗi......................................................................................................................................16

3.5

Thư mời..........................................................................................................................................18

GIỚI THIỆU- PHẦN 1 CỦA KĨ NĂNG VIẾT

Vstep yêu cầu viết tương tác chính là viết một bức thư/ thư điện tử có độ dài khoảng 120 từThời gian: 20 phút- Bài 1 chiếm 1/3 tổng số điểm của bài thi Viết.
Phân loại các dạng viết thưNếu chia theo đối tượng người nhận chúng ta chia thư thành 2
loại: trang trọng formal hoặc thân mật (informal)
Nếu chia theo mục đích viết thư thì thư được chia thành nhiều loại khác nhau, trong đó có
một số dạng chính như sau:
1.

Thank you letters (thư cảm ơn)

2.

Advice letters (thư khuyên nhủ)

3.

Request letters (thư yêu cầu)

4.

Application letters (thư xin việc)

1


5.

Complaint letters (thư phàn nàn)

6.

Invitation letters (thư mời)

7.

Apology letters (thư xin lỗi)

Trong chương trình học Vstep Online, chúng ta sẽ cùng học ngôn ngữ thường gặp trong các
dạng viết thư được chia theo 02 dạng nêu trên, các tiêu chí chấm điểm bài viết thư, các bước
khi viết một lá thư và cùng thực hành một số đề thi Vstep thực tế.

2

THƯ THEO MỨC ĐỘ TRANG TRỌNG

Phân biệt thư trang trọng hay thân mật cách viết hoàn chỉnh một bức thư trang trọng hay thân mật với cấu
trúc và ngôn ngữ thường gặp
CÁCH PHÂN LOẠI THƯ
Nếu chia theo mức độ trang trọng viết thư được chia thành 02 loại chính: thư thân mật và thư trang trọng
Cách bắt đầu và kết thúc một lá thư như phụ thuộc vào việc bạn viết lá thư cho ai và mối quan hệ của bạn với
người đó. Thư trang trọng thường viết với mục đích cơng việc hoặc viết cho một người bạn khơng quen biết
cịn thư thân mật thường viết cho bạn bè người thân

2.1

HƯỚNG DẪN VIẾT THƯ THÂN MẬT

MỤC TIÊU : Học xong bài viết này bạn có thể nắm được
-

Xác định được lá thư thân mật
Cấu trúc bài viết thư thân mật
Ngôn ngữ thường gặp trong bài viết thư thân mật

CẤU TRÚC MỘT LÁ THƯ THÂN MẬT TRONG BÀI THI VIẾT VSTEP
1 Lời chào: Dear + tên riêng,
2. Đoạn mở bài: xin lỗi vì khơng viết thư sớm hơn hoặc hỏi han tình hình sức khỏe.
3. Thân bài: Viết 01 hoặc 02 đoạn thân bài nêu ý chính đề bài yêu cầu.
4. Kết bài: nêu lí do dừng bút và hi vọng được gặp lại bạn sớm hoặc nhắc bạn viết lại cho mình.
5. Kết thúc: sử dụng các cụm thân mật như love, all the best, best wishes
ĐỀ BÀI MẪU:
This is part of a letter you received from an English speaking friend.I’m planning to visit you in September
with my parents. Can you suggest some activities in your area? What kinds of clothes should I pack?
Write an email responding to Ann. You should write at least 120 words. You do not need to include your

name or addresses. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary
and Grammar.
2


BÀI VIẾT MẪU:
Dear Ann,
Sorry I haven't written for so long but I've been really busy recently studying for my exams. It was great to
get your letter and hear all your news, especially the part about you and your parents coming to visit in
September.
The weather is still fairly warm then so we should be able to spend quite a bit of time at the beach. I think
your parents will really enjoy the city, particularly the old town. The music festival will be on then so we
shall take full advantage of that as well.
You asked what clothes you should bring. You will be fine with light summer dresses, skirts and trousers and
a sweater or jacket for the evenings, which can be rather cool. Don't forget to pack your swimming
costumes! It will still be warm enough to swim.
I'd better go and get on with my exam preparation. I hope your exams go well too and that you have a lovely
summer. I'm really looking forward to seeing you in September!
All the best,
Anna
CÁCH MỞ ĐẦU MỘT LÁ THƯ THÂN MẬT
-

It was lovely to see you and your family last month ...Thật tuyệt vời khi tháng trước mình được gặp
bạn và gia đình bạn…
Apologies for not writing for so long, but I’ve been really busy...Xin lỗi vì lâu khơng viết thư cho
bạn nhưng tớ thực sự rất bận…
It was great to get your postcard ... and I’m thrilled to hear you are...Thật tuyệt khi nhận được bưu
thiếp của bạn….và tớ đã rất hồi hộp khi biết rằng bạn….
It’s been a long time since we saw each other.Lâu lắm rồi mình khơng gặp nhau.

It was glad to receive your letter/ email and hear all your news.Mình rất vui khi nhận được lá thư của
bạn và được nghe tất cả các tin tức về bạn
.- I’m sorry for not writing to you earlier because I’ve been so busy studying for my exams.Mình xin
lỗi vì khơng viết thư cho bạn sớm hơn vì mình bận rộn ơn tập cho kỳ thi quá.

CÁCH KẾT THÚC MỘT LÁ THƯ THÂN MẬT
-

I'm really looking forward to ...Mình thật sự rất mong đợi….
Bye for now. Tạm biệt
See you at the weekend. Gặp lại bạn vào cuối tuần nhé.
Hope to hear from you very soon. Hi vọng nhận được tin của bạn sớm.
Take care (Giữ gìn sức khỏe nhé)
I have to get back to work/ study now. Drop me a line soon. (Mình phải quay lại làm việc/ học đây.
Hãy viết thư cho mình sớm nhé.Giới thiệuViết thư thân mậtViết thư trang trọng)

2.2 VIẾT THƯ TRANG TRỌNG
Mục tiêu: Học xong bài viết này bạn có thể nắm được
3


-

Xác định được lá thư trang trọng
Cấu trúc bài viết thư trang trọng
Ngôn ngữ thường gặp trong bài viết thư trang trọng

Cấu trúc bài viết thư trang trọng
1 Lời chào: Dear + họ Dear Mr. Smith hoặc Dear Sir or Madam, nếu không biết rõ tên người nhận
2. Đoạn mở bài: nêu mục đích viết thư

3. Thân bài: Viết 01 hoặc 02 đoạn thân bài nêu ý chính đề bài yêu cầu.
4. Kết bài: nhắc lại mong muốn hành động được xử lý
5. Kết thúc: yours sincerely (nếu biết tên người nhận) hoặc yours faithfully (nếu không biết tên người nhận)
FORMAL LETTER
Question: This is part of an email you received from your university.
Dear all students,
We are doing a survery on the Business course and would like to receive your feedback on the course you
have attended. Would you be so kind to give us your comments on the following aspects:
-

Course organization
Course delivery (teaching)
Materials and equipment

Write an email responding to Mr. Jones . You should write at least 120 words. You do not need to include
your name or addresses. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization,
Vocabulary and Grammar.
Sample:
Dear Mr. Jones,
I am writing this email in response to your request for my feedback on the Business course that I attended.
Firstly, I suppose that the course in general was really good in terms of organization, teaching and materials.
The organization was clear as the professor gave us the course outline at the beginning, in the first session.
The stardard of teaching was really good. I mean the professor was really helpful and professional. He
organized a variety of activities for us to take part in such as working in pairs, groups or making
presentations.
On the other hand, there are several things that I was not quite satisfied with and that could be improved.
Firstly, I thought the course was fairly easy at the beginning of course. However, on the second half of the
course, we got too much workload with plenty of assignments, essays. I suggest that the work should be
more evenly balanced. Secondly, concerning materials of the course, there were not enough copies of key
texts.

4


I hope that this information is helpful to you. Please do not hesitate to ask me if you need further
information.
Yours sincerely,
Anna Taylor
Cách mở đầu một lá thư trang trọng
-

-

-

I am writing this email/ letter in response to/ in reply to…Eg: I am writing this letter in response to
your request for further information about the trip. (Tôi viết lá thư này để trả lời yêu cầu của ông/ bà
về việc xin thông tin chuyến đi).
I am writing this email to ask for further information about the trip. (Tôi viết email này để hỏi thêm
thông tin về chuyến đi)
.- I am writing in the hope that...Tôi viết lá thư/ email này với mong muốn…
I would like to express my concern about...Tôi muốn thể hiện mối quan tâm đến……..
I am a resident of... and I would like to draw your attention to ...Eg: I am a resident of Green
building and I would like to draw your attention to the problem of lighting in our building. (Tơi là
một cư dân của tịa nhà Green và tôi muốn ông/bà để ý đến vấn đề ánh sáng của tòa nhà.)Cách kết
thúc một bức thư trang trọng
Thank you very much for your attention. Cảm ơn rất nhiều vì đã quan tâm.
I hope the situation will be resolved soon. Tôi hi vọng sự việc sẽ được giải quyết sớm.
I hope this information is helpful to you. Tôi hi vọng thơng tin này hữu ích với ơng/bà.
I look forward to hearing from you. Tôi mong nhận được tin của ông/ bà.

Please do not hesitate to contact me for further information. Hãy đừng ngần ngại liên hệ với tôi để
biết thêm thông tin
.- Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions. Hãy thoải mái liên lạc với tơi nếu ơng/bà
có bất kỳ câu hỏi nào.Giới thiệuViết thư thân mậtViết thư trang trọng

2.3 TỔNG KẾT
Thư trang trọng
-

Mở đầu: Dear Sir or Madam
Mục đích viết thư: I am writing with regard to
Formal choice of language: due to, I intended, as a result of, caused me great inconvenience,
compensate me, the additional flight
Không viết tắt: I am không được viết "I'm"
Kết thúc: I look forward to receiving your response Yours faithfully,

Thư thân mật
-

Mở đầu: Dear John,
Mục đích viết thư: I'm just writing to let you know that
Informal choice of language: As you know, Well, prices are crazy, on the bright side, it's got nice big
windows, a lovely view, if you ever fancy, great to see you
Được viết tắt: VD: I'm, we've, isn't, it's
Kết thúc: Keep in touch! All the best

5


3

THƯ THEO MỤC ĐÍCH

Tìm hiểu các loại thư theo mục đích cung cấp thơng tin phàn nàn, cảm ơn, xin lỗi…

3.1 Thư cảm ơn
HƯỚNG DẪN VIẾT THƯ CẢM ƠN
Giới thiệu
-

Thư viết với mục đích cảm ơn
Thư có thể thuộc loại formal hoặc informal

Ngôn ngữ thường dùng trong thư cảm ơn
-

I am writing this letter to thank you for..Tôi viết lá thư này để cảm ơn bạn vì…
I am grateful to you for your help. Cảm ơn bạn vì đã giúp đỡ tôi.
I am writing this letter to extend my sincere thanks to sb.Tôi viết bức thư này để biểu lộ lịng chân
thành cảm ơn của tơi đến ai
How considerate and wonderful of you to remember my birthday. I will cherish this memory forever.
Bạn thật là chu đáo và tuyệt vời khi nhớ tới ngày sinh nhật của mình. Mình sẽ nhớ mãi kỉ niệm này.
This letter is to express my thanks and appreciation for…Tôi viết lá thư này để biểu lộ lịng biết ơn
của tơi vì…
This is to thank you for ...Lá thư này để cảm ơn bạn đã…
Please accept my thanks for ...Hãy chấp nhận lời cảm ơn của tôi với…
I appreciate very much for your thoughtfulness.Tôi rất trân trọng sự chu đáo của bạn.
Again with my thanks for your hospitality. Một lần nữa cảm ơn vì sự đón tiếp nồng hậu của bạn.
I lack words with which to express my gratitude to you.Tơi khơng dùng lời lẽ gì để có thể biểu đạt
hết lịng biết ơn của tơi đến bạn.

I am much obliged to you for your timely help. Tơi rất biết ơn bạn vì sự giúp đỡ kịp thời của bạn.
I am writing these few lines to express my sincere thanks to you. Tơi viết vài dịng để thể hiện lòng
cảm ơn chân thành đến bạn.
Please have no hesitation in writing to me should you want me to do something for you in Vietnam.
Đừng ngại ngần viết cho tơi nếu bạn muốn tơi làm điều gì đó cho bạn khi bạn ở Việt Nam.
If you need anything in your study please let me know. Nếu bạn cần gì trong học tập, hãy cho tơi
biết.
I hope you will give me the chance to return your kindness. Tôi hi vọng rằng bạn sẽ cho tơi cơ hội
báo đáp lịng tốt của bạn.

Sample letter 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. You are a commuter. One morning on your way to work you
suddenly fell ill and lost your consciousness. One gentlemen on the same bus sent you to a hospital.
Write a letter to the company where the gentleman works to end your gratefulness. You should write at least
120 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment, Organization, Vocabulary and
Grammar.
Bài mẫu:
Dear Sir or Madam,
6


I am writing this letter extend my sincere thanks to Mr. Baker, the cashier of your company.
I am a commuter and every day I take bus Route 133 to work. Last Friday morning when the bus almost
reached the stop where I was to get off, I suddenly felt dizzy and then I lost my consciousness. When I came
to, I found myself in St. Mary’s Hospital, attended by my wife. The doctor told me it was Mr. Baker who had
sent me to the hospital and informed my wife of my condition. Mr. Baker happened to be on the same bus,
but I have never met him.
My wife and I were very much grateful to Mr. Baker for his kindness. Please forward my heartfelt
thankfulness to him. We feel very much proud of your company for having such a good employee. If Mr.
Baker was late for work that day, I’d like to compensate you.

I do hope that your company would reward Mr. Baker for his noble deeds.
Yours faithfully,Larry Smith
Sample letter 2
You have just come back from San Franciso. When you were there, your friend Mr. Jackson gave you a great
deal of help.
Write to Mr. Jackson to thank him for his hospitality and help. You should write at least 120 words. Your
response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment, Organization, Vocabulary and Grammar.
Bài mẫu:
Dear Mr. Jackson,
I am writing this letter to thank you for the hospitality you gave me when I stayed in I San Francisco.
It was the first time I have been to San Francisco. During my stay, you let me live in your house. You gave
me some very good advice of where to visit. What is more, at the weekend, you drove me to the Bay Bridge
and the Fisherman’s Wharf so that I had a wonderful time in the City.
I sincerely hope someday in the future when you come to Paris for a visit, I could repay you for your
kindness.
Once again with many thanks.
Yours sincerely,
Francoise Dupont
Sample letter 3
Last month you had a holiday overseas where you stayed with some friends. They have just sent you some
photos of your holiday.
Write a letter to your friends. In your letter
-

thank them for the photos and for the holiday
7


-

explain why you didn’t write earlier
invite them to come and stay with you

You should write at least 120 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment,
Organization, Vocabulary and Grammar.
Bài mẫu:
Dear John and Jane, I hope this letter finds you well. I’m just writing to thank you both for the holiday and
for the photos you sent.
The photos arrived this morning in the post. They reminded me what a great time I had during my stay with
you last month. You really were fantastic hosts, and I couldn’t have asked for better guides to show me
around. Sorry I didn’t write to you earlier, but I’ve been working flat out since the moment I arrived home.
Do you remember I told you I had an assignment to finish? Well, the deadline was two weeks earlier than I
thought it was! Anyway, I’m back to normal now and I’ve handed in all of my assignments. In fact, now that
I’m free, why don’t you both come and stay? There’s a spare room here, so you’re welcome to use it
whenever you like.
Hope to see you soon,
Peter

3.2 Thư yêu cầu
HƯỚNG DẪN VIẾT THƯ YÊU CẦU
Giới thiệu
-

Thư viết với mục đích yêu cầu đề nghị về một vấn đề
Phần lớn thư thuộc loại formal

Cấu trúc bài viết thư yêu cầu
1 Greeting Lời chào
2. Introduction Giới thiệu mục đích viết thư
3. Body Nêu lí do yêu cầu

4. Conclusion Nêu yêu cầu và cảm ơn vể việc xử lí yêu cầu
5. Closing and signature
Ngôn ngữ thường dùng trong thư yêu cầu
-

I would like to suggest that you (should)Tôi muốn đề nghị rằng…
May I suggest that...Considering ..., I propose that...Liên quan đến…, tôi đề nghị rằng…
Considering the high cost of the construction, I propose that we should stop the plan. Liên quan đến
giá dịch vụ xây dựng cao, tôi cho rằng chúng ta nên tạm dừng dự án.
Concerning this matter, my proposal is ...Liên quan đến vấn đề này, tôi đề nghị
On behalf of..., I suggest...Thay mặt…, tôi đề nghị…
8


-

My suggestion is that...Tôi đề nghị…
In my opinion, I would say ...Theo ý kiến của tôi, tôi cho rằng…
I propose they should ...Tôi đề nghị họ nên
If you…, you had better…If you go to Australia now, you had better bring some warm clothes with
you. Nếu bạn đến Úc bây giờ, bạn nên mang theo một số quần áo ấm theo. Nêu lí do yêu cầu
The reason for this request is that…Lí do cho yêu cầu này là…
The reason why I am asking for this is that Lí do mà tơi yêu cầu là vì

Sample letter 1
The English Department has decided to hold a speech contest in late December, but your classmates find that
it is too near the final examination.
Write to the Dean of the department to suggest a change of the time.
Dear Sir or Madam,
We are students of Class 99-1. We’re glad that the department is to hold an English speech contest. We are

sure it is of great help to our oral English and all of us want to take part in it.
We’ve noticed that the time of the contest is on 27th of December. What troubles us is the time of the
contest. As you know, according to the school schedule of this term, the final examination is to begin on Jan.
10. We all wish to do excellently in both, but we are afraid that it will be very difficult for us to prepare for
the examination and the contest at the same time. As a result, we would spend less time on the preparation of
the contest.
Considering the outcome of the contest, we suggest that it be postponed to the next term, preferably in the
first few weeks. We suggest so because, generally speaking, we have more free time in that period of time.
Thank you for your attention.
Yours faithfully,
All of Class 99-1
Sample letter 2
You paid a refundable deposit when you rented an apartment. You left the apartment in good condition but
the landlord won’t return your deposit.
Write a letter to the landlord. In your letter,
-

Explain why you are writing
Ask for the return of your deposit
Inform the landlord of possible legal action

Bài mẫu: Dear Mr. Garfield,
I am writing to request the return of the $1,000 deposit that I paid to you before I rented No. 6A,

9


Way fìeld Terrace for the month of May. When I telephoned your office, I was told that you are not
intending to repay this sum, and I am unable to understand the reason for this.
When I signed the rental agreement, it was my understanding that the deposit would be returned if the

apartment was vacated clean and undamaged. This was the condition of the flat when I returned the keys. I
cleaned the whole apartment, and there were no breakages and no damage to fittings or furniture.
I believe that I have kept to the terms of the agreement, and therefore, I respectfully request that my deposit
be repaid in full. I shall have no alternative but to seek legal advice if we are unable to resolve this matter in
a satisfactory manner.
Yours sincerely,
Sally Smith
Sample letter 3
You are working for a company. You need to take some time off work and want to ask your manager about
this.
Write a letter to your manager. In your letter- explain why you want to take time off work- give details of the
amount of time you need- suggest how your work could be covered while you are away
Bài mẫu:
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am writing to ask for some time off work next month.
The reason for this request is that my sister is getting married. Her future husband is Australian, and the
wedding will take place in his home city, Melbourne. As the sister of the bride, I cannot miss such a special
occasion.
To attend the ceremony and make the round trip from Vietnam, I would need at least five days off work.
However, I would like to take the opportunity to do some sightseeing in Australia, and so I am hoping that
you will allow me to take a full two weeks’ leave, from the 1st to the 15th of May.
I have spoken to my co-workers, and it seems that Tung would be best placed to cover my project
commitments while I am away I will leave detailed instructions for him on my desk.
I hope that my request does not cause you any inconvenience.
Yours sincerely,
Trang Vu

3.3 Thư phàn nàn
HƯỚNG DẪN VIẾT THƯ PHÀN NÀN
Cấu trúc bài viết thư phàn nàn

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1 BackgroundMiêu tả tình huống phàn nàn
2. ProblemMiêu tả vấn đề và kết quả mong muốn nêu rõ ngày tháng chẳng hạn ngày mua sản phẩm dịch
vụ…
3. SolutionTìm hướng giải quyết
4. Warning optionalPhần này có thể có hoặc khơng. Nêu thời gian cụ thể mà bạn muốn phàn nàn của bạn
được giải quyết nếu không bạn sẽ xem xét hành động khác.
5. Closing
Yêu cầu trả lời trong khoảng thời gian thích hợp và đính kèm tài liệu, hóa đơn, chứng từ liên quan
Ngôn ngữ
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I’m sorry to inform you that...Tôi xin lỗi phải thông báo với ông/bà rằng….
I am writing to place a complaint against... Tôi viết để phàn nàn về…
I was shocked to see that...Tôi bị sốc khi biết rằng…
I must point out that...Tôi phải chỉ ra rằng…
I have to say that...Tơi phải nói rằng….
I suggest that...Tơi gợi ý rằng…
I request/am requesting that...Tôi đề nghị rằng…
I would much appreciate it if you ...Tôi đánh giá cao nếu ông/bà…
I hope you will look into the matter and give me an immediate reply. Tôi hi vọng ông/bà sẽ điều tra
vấn đề và cho tôi câu trả lời ngay lập tức.
I look forward to ...Tôi mong đợi…
I request that you refund the money in full. Tơi đề nghị ơng/bà hồn lại tồn bộ tiền cho tôi.
I think the best way to solve the problem is to replace it with a better one.Tôi nghĩ cách tốt nhất để
giải quyết vấn đề là thay thế cái tốt hơn.
If our demand is not accepted and put in practice, we would resort to other measures.Nếu yêu cầu
của chúng tôi không được chấp thuận hoặc thực thi, chúng tơi sẽ tìm các biện pháp khác.

Sample letter 1
You recently bought a piece of equipment for your kitchen but it did not work. You phoned the shop but no
action was taken.
Write a letter to the shop manager. In your letter- describe the problem with the equipment- explain what
happened when you phoned the shop- say what you would like the manager to do
Bài mẫu:
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing with regard to an appliance that I recently bought from your shop
.On the 10th May I bought a new washing machine, and it was installed the following day. However, when I
tried to wash some clothes, I noticed that the machine failed to spin during the washing cycle. Consequently,
it leaves clothes wet but not clean.

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When I phoned your shop to report the problem, I spoke to an assistant who did not know the procedure for
repairs or returns. He assured me that he would report the issue to the store manager, and that I would be
contacted the same day. That was two days ago, and I am still waiting for your call.
As the appliance is under warranty, I am entitled to ask for it to be repaired or replaced. I have decided that I
would like a replacement washing machine. I would also like you to phone me personally when you receive
this letter.
I await your prompt response.
Yours faithfully,
John Smith
Sample letter 2
One of the water taps in your apartment has been leaking for a few days. You have phoned the maintenance
office to fix it. They promised to do it but never come.
Write to the manager to complain about it.
Bài mẫu:

Dear Sir or Madam,
I am sorry to bother you with this letter.
For quite a few days, the water tap in my kitchen has been leaking. It not only wastes the valuable water
resource, but also makes a big noise. I am now preparing my end-of- term paper, but the noise disturbs my
work. In daytime, I cannot concentrate myself and at night I cannot sleep well. I have informed the
maintenance office of the matter, and they promised me they would come to fix it. Two days have passed,
and nobody ever comes.
Please help me solve the problem as soon as possible. I cannot endure it any more. I look forward to a quick
solution.
Regards,
Leo Smith
Sample letter 3
There have been some problems with public transport in your area recently.
Write a letter to the manager of the transport company. In your letter,
-

describe the problems
explain how these problems are affecting the public
suggest some changes that could be made.

Bài mẫu:
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Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to bring to your attention some issues with my local train service.
I take the 8 am train from Manchester to Liverpool every morning. This week, my train has arrived at least
10 minutes late each day, and I have been unable to find a seat due to overcrowding.
Passengers are becoming increasingly frustrated. I have seen several people complain to members of your
staff that the delays are making them late for work, and the overcrowding means that many of us are forced

to stand in the central aisle of the train for the duration of the journey. This is extremely uncomfortable.
I would like to suggest that you run a more regular service on the Manchester to Liverpool line. Another
solution would be to add an extra carriage to trains at peak times in order to provide more space.I hope you
will address these concerns as soon as possible.
Yours faithfully,
Paul Jones
Sample letter 4
You missed a flight due to a problem at the airport.
Write a letter to the airline. In your letter- describe what happened that caused you to miss the flight- explain
how missing your flight affected you- make it clear what you would like the airline to do.
Bài mẫu:
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing with regard to a flight that I missed due to a mistake by one of your employees. Two weeks ago,
I was due to catch a flight to Rome, where I intended to spend four days on holiday. Unfortunately, the
attendant at the check-in desk gave me a boarding card for a different flight, and I did not notice the mistake
until I arrived at the departure gate and it was too late.
As a result of the error, I was not allowed to board the flight to Rome, and this caused me great
inconvenience. I had to book a new flight two days later, which meant that I missed two days of my holiday
and I spent an extra £200.As the mistake was caused by your company, I hope that you will compensate me
for the cost of the additional flight, as well as for my taxi fares to and from the airport.I look forward to
receiving your response.
Yours faithfully,
Paul Jones

3.4 Thư xin lỗi
HƯỚNG DẪN CÁCH VIẾT THƯ XIN LỖI
Cấu trúc của một lá thư xin lỗi

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1 Xin lỗi ngay từ đầu thư
2. Giải thích lí do
3. Nêu hành động bù đắp hoặc hứa hẹn không tái phạm lỗi
Một số cấu trúc hữu ích cho bài viết thư xin lỗi
Cách nói lời xin lỗi Formal letter Thư trang trọng
1. I apologise for N/ V-ing.Tôi xin lỗi vì…
2. Please accept my apologies.Xin hãy chấp nhận lời xin lỗi của tôi.
3. I terribly regret that + S + VTôi rất lấy làm tiếc rằng…
4. I am sorry that I shall not be able to...Tôi xin lỗi tôi sẽ không thể….
Informal letter (Thư thân mật)
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I’m sorry that S + VI’m sorry for (not) V-ing Giải thích lí do
I could not... because...Tơi khơng thể…bởi vì…
This is the reason why I...Đây là lí do tại sao tơi…
The reason why I was late is that...Lí do tại sao tơi đến muộn là vì…
This is one of the reasons I couldn’t make it.Đây là một trong số những lí do mà tơi khơng đến hẹn
được.
The only reason for the delay is that...Lí do duy nhất cho sự chậm trễ này là…Nêu hành động bù đắp
I really hope you’ll forgive me for being so thoughtless.Tôi rất hi vọng rằng bạn sẽ tha thứ cho tơi vì
sự đãng trí này.
I hope you’ll let me make it up to you.Tôi hi vọng rằng bạn sẽ để tôi bù đắp cho bạn.
By way of an apology I…Để thay lời xin lỗi, tôi…
To make up for…Để bù đắp cho…

Sample letter 1
You have received the invitation to take part in your friend’s wedding ceremony, but you will be in Canada
on a business trip on that day with your boss.
Write to your friend to apologize for not being able to take part in the wedding ceremony.

Bài mẫu:
Dear Jackie,
Thank you very much for inviting me to take part in your wedding ceremony on Feb. 12.
First of all, please accept my warmest and most sincere congratulations to you and Mary! But I have to ask
for your forgiveness of not being able to turn up at the ceremony because on that day I will be in Canada
with my boss on business. You know I have just come to this firm and I am the only secretary whose English
is good enough to interpret for the boss. Therefore, I just cannot tell the boss that I won’t go with him to
Canada. What a pity it is to miss your wedding ceremony! What makes me feel even uneasier is that you

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came to my wedding last year! Well, to make up for the disappointment, I will visit you before I leave for
Canada to present my greetings to you. I will give you a call beforehand.
Say hello to Mary.
With love,
Larry
Sample letter 2
One of your friends recently had a birthday celebration, but you missed it and you forgot to tell your friend
that you couldn’t attend.
Write a letter to your friend. In your letter- apologise for missing the birthday celebration- explain why you
missed it and why you didn’t tell your friend- and say what you would like to do to show that you are sorry.
Bài mẫu:
Dear Mark,
I hope you’re well and that you had a fantastic time on your birthday.
I’m sosorrythat I wasn't there to celebrate with you, and for not letting you know beforehand that I wouldn’t
be able to come. I feel terrible that I haven't found the time tocontact you until now.
The truth is that I’ve been under a lot of stressat work recently. I was in danger of losing my job if I
didn’t meet a sales target, so I haven’t been able to think about anything else over the last few weeks. This is
why I couldn’t be at your party, and why I didn’t call to tell you I wouldn’t be there.

I really hope you’ll forgive me for being so thoughtless, and I hope you’ll let me make it up to you. By way
of an apology, I’ve bought tickets for us both to go to the football next Saturday I hope you’llcome.
Speak to you soon,
Mike
Một số cấu trúc trong bài
1. to be under stress/ pressure: bị căng thẳng/ áp lực
2. to be in danger of V-ing: Có nguy cơ bị…
3. to meet a target: đạt mục tiêu
4. to forgive somebody for V-ing: tha thứ cho ai vì làm điều gì

3.5 Thư mời
HƯỚNG DẪN CÁCH VIẾT THƯ MỜI
Một số cấu trúc lời mời

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-

I would like to ask you to come ..Tôi muốn mời bạn tới…
I wonder if you would like to come ...Tơi phân vân khơng biết bạn có muốn tới…
I would like to invite you to a dinner.Tôi muốn mời bạn tới ăn tối.
I was wondering if you could come ...Tôi đang phân vân khơng biết bạn có thể tới…
We are planning to ...Chúng tôi đang định…
We would be very happy if you could come ... Chúng tôi sẽ rất hạnh phúc nếu bạn có thể tới…
I cordially invite you to join us. Tôi chân thành mời bạn tới dự cùng chúng tôi.
I should be cheerful if you could come to ... Tơi sẽ rất vui nếu bạn có thể tới…
Please accept my invitation. Hãy chấp nhận lời mời của tôi.

Sample letter

Your English friend who you met while you studied in the UK is coming to Hanoi for an international
conference. You want to invite him to Ho Chi Minh for a short visit.
Write a letter to him to invite him to Ho Chi Minh city.
Bài mẫu:
Dear JackI am very glad to know that you’re going to take part in an international conference in Ha Noi. I
sincerely invite you to come to Ho Chi Minh City to see us after the conference.
I have talked about you to my parents and they also want to see you. We have moved into a big flat with 4
bedrooms. You can stay with us when you are in Ho Chi Minh City. My parents are both retired. In case I
don’t have time to take you out to the scenic spots, they are willing to be your guides. My father’s English is
not very good, but enough for you to understand each other without difficulty. The Reunification Palace, the
Notre Dame Cathedral and the Ben Thanh Market are the places you ought to see.
Before you come, please give us a call. Our telephone number remains the same, but I think I’d better tell
you once more. It is 12345678. I will welcome you at the airport.
Please do come. We look forward to your arrival.
All the best,
Thu Phan

4

CÁC BƯỚC THỰC HÀNH VIẾT THƯ

Cách phân bổ thời gian cho một bài viết thư
Để đạt được kết quả tốt cho bài viết thư bạn hãy thực hiện tuần tự theo các bước sau
Hãy lưu ý phân bổ thời gian hợp lý cho bài viết thư. Thí sinh nên dành tối đa 20 phút cho bài viết này.
Trước khi viết 3 – 5 phút phân tích đề bài và lên dàn ý
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Đọc kĩ đề bài để xác định xem thư thuộc loại nào: trang trọng hay thân mật, mục đích viết thư để làm
gì (cảm ơn, cung cấp thông tin, yêu cầu…)
Xác định câu hỏi trong đề bài để biết những ý chính cần trả lời. Không nhất thiết phải trả lời các ý

theo trình tự đề bài mà quan trọng là cần sắp xếp theo trật tự logic.
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Trong khi viết (13 phút)
-

Dựa vào dàn ý chi tiết để viết thành một lá thư hoàn chỉnh.

Lưu ý về việc chia đoạn, sử dụng từ nối liên kết ý, viết câu phức và sử dụng nhiều các cụm từ cố định
(collocation).
Sau khi viết (2 phút) kiểm tra bài viết
Bạn hãy dành một chút thời gian để kiểm tra các lỗi về chính tả và ngữ pháp nếu có.

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5

LUYỆN TẬP VIẾT THƯ THEO ĐỀ

5.1 Đề viết số 1
You received an email from your English friend Read a part of her email below.
I know that you are having the first summer camp. Please tell me something about it. Who are you
staying with? Which activities are you taking part in? How do you feel about it?
Write a letter to answer your friend’s question.
Dàn ý
Thể loại thư thân mật
Mở bài: Hỏi thăm bạn và nêu mục đích viết thư
Thân bài: Trả lời 3 ý chính

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Who I stay with: my class members teachers and hike counsellors
Activities:+ set up tents, gather firewood and prepare food for barbecue+ play some interesting
games and take part in outdoor activities
How I feel+ feel excited about it because of relaxing time+ it is useful, helps me improve soft skills

Kết thư và mong hồi âm
Sample
Dear HanaI am happy to receive your letter As you know, I am taking a trip to a campsite near my school.
I’m writing to tell you about my summer camp.
This summer, my school organizes a camp for students in 3 days. I am staying in a tent with my classmates.
Many teachers who have a lot of experience in holding camping activities join us.
About activities, on the first day, we were given some tasks such as setting up tents, gathering firewood and
preparing food for barbecue. Today, teachers organize interesting games for us to interact with students from
other classes like team games, quizzes and so on. Tomorrow, we will visit some places near the campsite.
I am very excited about this trip as I have a chance to relax with friends after hard studying hours. Besides, I
can improve skills like communication skills, teamwork skill, etc.
Hope to see you soon.
Best wishes,

5.2 ĐỀ SỐ 2
You received an email from your English friend Read a part of her email below.
I won the second prize in a competition at my school so I decide to travel to your country for 2 weeks. I
am wondering what the weather is like in your country, where I should go to visit and some interesting
activities I can take part in there. Can you give me some information?

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Dàn ý
Thể loại thư thân mật
Mở bài: Hỏi thăm bạn và nêu mục đích viết thư
Thân bài: Trả lời 3 ý chính
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The weather
+ It is August now the weather is nice and quite hot with bright sunshine
+ Sometimes, there are moderate showers
Where to visit
+ Visit some famous destinations in Hanoi such as Sword Lake, Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, …
+ Go on a trip to the suburb to enjoy idyllic landscapes
Interesting activities
+ Taste traditional and delicious dishes
+ Take part in Mid
-Autumn festival

Kết thư
Bài viết mẫu B1
It is so great to hear from you again I am happy to know that you are going to visit my country for 2 weeks. I
am writing to give you some information you asked.
Concerning the weather in my country it is August now so the weather is nice and quite hot. In the evening,
it becomes cooler, so you may feel more comfortable. Sometimes, there are some showers.
Regarding some famous places, it is great to visit places like Sword Lake, Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum and so
on. Besides, you should take a trip to Hanoi’s suburb to enjoy beautiful landscapes there.
About interesting activities, you should try some traditional dishes in Hanoi. Furthermore, Mid-Autumn
festival, which is a popular festival in Vietnam, will be held next week, therefore, you can take part in it
when coming to my country.
I have to get back to my study now. Write back to me soon.
Best wishes,

5.3 ĐỀ SỐ 3
You received an email from your English friend Susan She asked you some information about one of
your friends. Read part of her email below.
I’ve just got an email from your friend, Mai. She says she is going to do a course in London this Summer.
She asks if she could stay with my family until she can find an apartment. Can you tell me a bit about her
things like her personality, hobbies and interests, and her current work or study if possible? I want to see
if she will fit in with my family.
Write an email to your friend. You do not need to include your name or addresses. Your response will be
evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment, Organization, Vocabulary and Grammar.

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Đề bài thuộc thể loại thân mật cung cấp thông tin về một người bạn ở Việt Nam sẽ tới ở nhờ nhà người bạn
người nước ngoài vào mùa hè này trong thời gian tìm th căn hộCác ý chính cần đảm bảo:
-

Some information about your friend her personality, hobbies and interests, current work or study:
Một số thông tin về người bạn Việt Nam: tính cách, sở thích, cơng việc/ học tập hiện tại
Suggest if she will fit in with the friend’s family: gợi ý xem bạn mình có phù hợp với gia đình người
bạn người Anh khơng

Dàn ý cho bài viết
-

Mở bài: Thể hiện sự vui mừng khi nhận được thư của bạn và sẵn lịng cung cấp thơng tin về Mai.
Thân bài: Trả lời đủ 3 mẩu thông tin về người bạn thành 3 đoạn
Kết bài: gợi ý Mai là người phù hợp

Dear Susan
It’s great to receive your email I’m sorry I couldn’t reply to you earlier because I’ve been really busy
recently. You asked me about Mai who is going to take a course in England this summer. I would say that
she’s a helpful and humorous girl. You know, she’s always willing to help people around her. Besides, her
sense of humor will make you laugh all days. Regarding Mai’s hobbies, she’s a big fan of playing tennis and
cooking. This piece of information definitely excites you, right? Because as I know, you’re also keen on
playing tennis. If you live with her, you two can experience relaxing moments together when playing tennis.
About her cooking ability, I’m sure you will be highly impressed because this girl really has a God-given
talent as a cook and her food will certainly make your mouth water. Is that great? If she moves to your house,
you will have chance to enjoy delicious meals every day. In terms of her work, she’s now a chef at a French
restaurant and she wants to study more about Western cuisine. That’s why she will take a cooking course this
summer in London
That’s some information I know about Mai and I think she will be an amazing friend for you If you need any
other information just contact me.
Have a nice day!
Best regards

5.4 ĐỀ SỐ 4
This is part of a letter you received from the manager of your university library Mr JonesOur university is
considering upgrading the library. Before we do that we would like to receive your feedback on our
services. Are you satisfied with our service? Is there anything you want to change?
Write an email to the manager to give your feedback on the library service. You do not need to include
your name or addresses. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment, Organization,
Vocabulary and Grammar.
Đề bài thuộc thể loại trang trọng cung cấp phản hồi về dịch vụ thư viện của trường Đại học của bạn
Các ý chính cần đảm bảo:
-

Things you are satisfied with library service: Những điểm hài long
20

-

Things you want to change to make it better: Những gơi ý thay đổi

Dàn ý cho bài viết:
-

Mở bài: Nêu mục đích viết là để cung cấp phản hồi về dịch vụ thư viện.
Thân bài: nêu 2 ý chính thành 2 đoạn
Kết bài: Hi vọng thông tin cung cấp hữu ích và đề nghị được cung cấp thêm thông tin nếu được yêu
cầu.

Dear Mr Jones
I am writing in reply to your request for my feedback on the university library service.
In general, I would like to let you know that I am quite satisfied with your service. In the first place, all
librarians are very friendly and helpful. Whenever I have any questions or problems finding information,
they are always willing to offer help. Another good point is that all materials are organized in a way that it is
very easy for readers to find the right books. Finally, reading rooms are well equipped with air conditioners,
fans, comfortable seats and so on.
However there are several things which could be improved to make your service better First and foremost,
reference books are insufficient and not very updated. It would be better if more money was invested in
buying reference books, which are helpful to students. Secondly, some computers have crashed for a long
time and I did report the problems but nobody has dealt with them.
I hope this information is of some assistance Please feel free to contact me if you need further information.
Yours sincerely

5.5 Đề - 5
You received an email from your English friend JackI’m going to have 6 months in your country to study

Vietnamese at Vietnam National University in Hanoi. I’m very excited about this trip. I’m wondering
where I should stay so that I can learn more Vietnamese besides class time. I’m also thinking about a
part-time job I can do to have more practice of the language. Can you give me some advice?
Write a letter to respond to your friend. You do not need to include your name or addresses. Your response
will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment Organization, Vocabulary and Grammar.
Đề bài thuộc thể loại thân mật viết thư đưa lời khuyên cho một người bạn người Anh tên là Jack Jack sắp đến
Việt Nam học tiếng Việt.Các ý chính cần đảm bảo:
-

Where to stay: nên ở đâu
What part time job to practise Vietnamese: nên làm cơng việc làm thêm gì để thực hành tiếng Việt

Dàn ý cho bài viết:
-

Mở bài: Thể hiện niềm vui mừng khi bạn sắp tới thăm Việt Nam
Thân bài: trả lời đủ 2 ý đề bài yêu cầu bằng hai đoạn hoặc 1 đoạn
Kết bài: Hi vọng những thông tin cung cấp hữu ích và mong chờ được sớm gặp bạn ở Việt Nam.

Dear Jack
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Thanks for your email I’m so glad to know that you are coming to Vietnam to study our language. I’m sure
that you will have a great time being here.
You asked me about your accommodation, I would say there are two suitable options for you. Firstly, I think
it would be a great idea to live in the university hostel because it’s really comfortable. Besides, living on
campus, you can share the rooms with some other friends so the cost is very affordable. Another benefit is
that you have many opportunities to meet local students with whom you can practice the language.
Otherwise, you can stay with my family in our spare room. I believe not only can you learn lots of

Vietnamese but you can also enjoy traditional dishes as my mother is a great cook.
About a part-time job, if I were you, I would apply for being a waiter at a coffee shop. In my opinion, this
job will definitely offer you great chances to practice Vietnamese as there are a number of young people
getting around here and those have a lot of free time to chat with you. What do you think?
I have to get back to my study now. Let me know if there’s anything else I could help. Looking forward to
seeing you in Vietnam!
Best wishes,

5.6 Đề - 6
You receive an email from Mr Watson. Read part of the email.
I am Robert Watson the manager of Red Cross Organization. We have run many charity programs to help
disadvantaged children and students in Vietnam. Currently, we are in need of volunteers to join us in
summer. If you are interested, please write an email to tell us about yourself age, job/ study, personalities
and why you want to become a volunteer.
Write an email to Mr. Watson. You should write at least 120 words. You do not need to include your name
or addresses. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment, Organization, Vocabulary and
Grammar.
Bài viết thuộc thể loại trang trọng mục đích nộp đơn xin làm tình nguyện viên
Các ý chính cần đảm bảo:
-

introduce yourself age, job/ study, personalities: giới thiệu bản thân (tuổi, công việc/ học tập, tính
cách)
Reasons why you want to become a volunteer: lý do muốn trở thành tình nguyện viên

Dàn ý cho bài viết:
-

Mở bài: nêu mục đích viết thư
Thân bài: trả lời 2 ý trên bằng 2 đoạn.

Kết bài: Mong được xếp lịch phỏng vấn.

Dear Mr Watson
I am writing to apply for the position of a volunteer for Red Cross Organization. Please find enclosed my
CV outlining my background and qualifications for your reference.
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Firstly, I would like to introduce myself. My full name is Nguyen Thu Phuong. I am twenty years old.
Currently, I am in my second year at Hanoi University of Science where I major in Biology. As a student,
I have participated in many volunteering programs at my university, for example, collecting clothes for
poor children in mountainous areas in Vietnam. Besides, last year I went to Lao Cai province to teach
children. Regarding my personalities, my friends often say that I am a sociable and humourous person as
I enjoy meeting new people and telling jokes, which make others laugh.
There are several reasons why I would like to become a volunteer. First and foremost, I am interested in
helping other people. Thanks to it, I appreciate the more valuable things in life, such as spending time
with my family and friends. Secondly, doing voluntary work allows me to improve my skills much,
namely communication and teamwork skills. It is true that volunteering gives me countless chances to
make friends with people who are from different regions in Vietnam and share the same hobbies.
I am available for interview at a time and place of your convenience and I can be reached at email
or on 097 44 98 347. I really appreciate your time and consideration and I
look forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours sincerely,

5.7 Đề - 7
This is part of a letter you received from the manager of the local bus service Mr WatsonThank you for
choosing Hanoi Bus. Please help us by taking a few minutes to tell us about the service that you have
received so far. Are you satisfied with our bus service? Is there anything you want to change?
Write an email to the manager to give your feedback on the bus service. You should write at least 120
words. You do not need to include your name or addresses. Your response will be evaluated in terms of

Task Fulfillment Organization, Vocabulary and Grammar.

5.8 Đề - 8
You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThis is part of an email you received from your Englishspeaking friend Ann. She asked you for some information for her next trip to your hometown. Read part
of her email below.
I'm planning to visit your city next month and I'm really excited about the trip. Can you suggest
somewhere to stay and tell me a little bit about what I can do in your hometown? What clothes should I
bring?
Write an email responding to Ann. You should write at least 120 words. You do not need to include your
name or addresses. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment, Organization,
Vocabulary and Grammar.

5.9 Đề - 9
This is part of a letter you received from your English friendI’m travelling to your country during Tet
holiday. Could you give me some information about it? What do people often do? What do children
receive? Can you tell me some dishes for Tet?
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Write a letter to respond to your friend. You do not need to include your name or addresses. Your response
will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment Organization, Vocabulary and Grammar.

5.10 Đề - 10
You received part of a letter from your friendsI hope you had a safe and sound trip back home. It was
lovely to welcome you to England. In the attached files I’ve sent you some photos of our trip.
Write a letter to thank your friends for the photos and for the holiday and invite them to come and stay
with you. You do not need to include your name or addresses. Your response will be evaluated in terms of
Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary and Grammar.

5.11 Đề - 11

You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThis is part of a letter you received from your English
friend.
In your last letter you told me that you moved to a new city. How is everything now? Tell me about your
new place of living. How about new school, friends and teacher there?
Write a letter to your friend. You should write at least 120 words. You do not need to include your name or
addresses. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary and
Grammar.

5.12 Đề - 12
This is part of a letter you received from a birthday organizerIt is our pleasure to help you organize your
friend’s birthday party. In order to prepare for it we would like to ask you about the number of guests and
their age group. What activities do you think would be suitable for them? Also, please let us know if you
have chosen the food and drinks for the party.
Write a letter to Mr. Smith to answer his questions. You should write at least 120 words. You do not need
to include your name or addresses. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment,
Organization, Vocabulary and Grammar

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