Slide đa phương tiện chương 5 multimedia applications

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Multimedia Applications

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Tien Pham Van, Dr. rer. nat.
Referenced from T.Sharon-

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
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Agenda

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Media downloading vs streaming
Video on demand
Video conference
Internet TV
Virtual Reality

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Download A/V vs. Streaming A/V

View/Listen locally
Copy to system

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Download and then play A/V

View/Listen while loading

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Streaming A/V

Special Protocol

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Playing media over Web via download

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Streaming media using Web and Media server

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Audio/Video Streaming

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• A technique for transferring data such that it
can be processed as a steady and continuous
stream.
• Data can be displayed before entire file has
been received.
• If data arrives quicker than display, need a
buffer.
• If data arrives slower than display, poor quality,
jerky display.
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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
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Use of buffering with Media server

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The media player buffers input from the media
server and plays from the buffer rather than
directly from the network.
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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Multimedia Streaming
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Delivering a multimedia file from a server to
a client – the delivery occurs over a network.
• There are two different types of streaming:
1. Progressive download – the client begins
playback of the multimedia file as it is
delivered where the file is ultimately stored
on the client computer.
2. Real-time streaming – the multimedia file is
delivered to – but not stored on – the client’s

computer.
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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
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Real-time Streaming

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• There are two types of Real-time streaming:
1. Live streaming –
used to deliver a live event while it is
occurring.
2. On-demand (stored) streaming –
used to deliver media streams such as
movies,
archived lectures, etc. The events are not
delivered in real-time.
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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
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Audio/Video Applications
1) Streaming On-demand audio/video:

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• Famous radio broadcasts, full-length movies
(VOD), prerecorded TV shows, music video
clips, archived class lectures, etc…

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2) Streaming Live audio/video:
• Internet radio talk show, live webcasts, etc…

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3) Real-time interactive audio/video:
• Internet telephony (VoIP), video conferencing,
MM conferencing, distributed interactive worlds,
etc…
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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
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Video Servers

HSN Switches

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Video On Demand (VOD)

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TV Guide
Set-Top Box
or Desktop

Video Redistributers
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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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VOD using different
local distribution technologies

(a) ADSL (b) Cable TV

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Near Video On Demand (N-VOD)

Near video on demand can have a new stream starting at regular
intervals, in this example every 5 minutes (9000 frames).

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
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Movie C

Subscriber
requests
for movies

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Movie A

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Movie B

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Transmission of

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Near Video On Demand (N-VOD)

AB A B

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Time

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Content Distribution Networks (CDNs)

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• Stream large files (e.g., video, MM presentations)
from single origin server in real-time.
• Solution: replicate content at hundreds of servers
throughout Internet:
– Content downloaded to CDN servers ahead of time.
– Placing content “close” to user avoids impairments
(loss, delay) of sending content over long paths.
– CDN server typically in edge/access network.
– Uses DNS system to re-route requests.

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
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origin server

in North America

CDN distribution node

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• CDN (e.g., Akamai)
customer is the content
provider (e.g., CNN).
• CDN replicates
customers’ content in
CDN servers.
• When provider updates
content, CDN updates
all the servers.

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How do CDNs work?

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CDN server
in S. America CDN server
in Europe

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CDN server
in Asia


Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
C9-411 Dai Co Viet str. 1, Hanoi

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CDN Distribution Tree

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Multimedia Conferencing

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Conference Types

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• Chat Conference (IRC, Chat)
• Audio Conference (WebPhones)
• Video Conference (VC Tools)

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– Bi-party Conference
– Multiparty Conference (Reflector,
MeetingPoint):
» Group Communication
» Needs Floor Control

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
C9-411 Dai Co Viet str. 1, Hanoi

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Video Conference

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Cameras
Screens
Speakers and Microphones
Other Aids (Electronic Board, Remote
Control)

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VC Hardware

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
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Chat
Video/Audio tools
Whiteboard
Data/File Transfer
Application Showing
Application Sharing

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VC Software/Tools

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
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Whiteboard

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A Changing World
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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

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Pham Van Tien, Dr. rer. nat. , Embedded Networking Research Group
Faculty of Elec. and Telecom, Hanoi University of Science and Technology

Email:
C9-411 Dai Co Viet str. 1, Hanoi

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Definitions

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• Connected TV (“Smart TV”) Devices

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– TV with Internet connectivity (Ethernet, WiFi)

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• Over-the-Top (OTT) Service

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– Internet-delivered TV content
– Streamed or downloaded
– “Internet TV”

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• IPTV (multiple definitions)
• Hybrid TV Service
– Internet-enhanced broadcast TV content

• Widgets
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