Tài liệu 400 must have words for the toefl part 13 ppt

4.
France’s __________ was dismantled after the royal family was killed
and lesser aristocrats were jailed during the revolution.
5.
In the United States, many __________ families do not have health in-
surance because their employers don’t offer it.
TOEFL Success
Read the passage to review the vocabulary you
have learned. Answer the questions that follow.
The United States is not the land of equal opportunity.There are no titles
of nobility as in Europe, but astounding affluence is passed on in
privileged families, and this makes all the difference. Studies
in the 1970s found that a child of the elite and a child of the
working class may start out with similar intelligence and
drive, but the rich child is about 30 times more likely to
prosper. The rich child goes to high-prestige schools, where
his or her education may be only slightly above average, but
where the child accumulates friendships with future leaders.
The privileged child becomes comfortable with luxury and is
at ease in situations where powerful people meet.The working-class child
from a less-prestigious college is not likely to wind up impoverished, but
neither is he or she likely to attend many parties of Yale or Vassar alumni.
1.
Which sentence best expresses the essential information of this
passage?
a.
The American economy is unfair and must be changed.
b.
Rich people have natural advantages in education and social con-
tacts that help them succeed.
c.

Children accept one another as friends; only later in life do differ-
ences of wealth drive them apart.
d.
The only way to make money in America is to work and accumu-
late it yourself.
2.
Why does the author of this reading mention Yale and Vassar?
a.
They are elite schools attended by many future leaders.
b.
They are where government officials have secret meetings.
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Money
Bonus Structure—
The reference to
studies in the
1970s indicates
some objective
evidence for the
author’s point.
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c.
They try to give working-class children a chance they can’t get at
other schools.
d.
Their high fees impoverish working-class children.
Lesson 21
Wealth and Social Class
TOEFL Prep I
1.

c
2.
d
3.
b
4.
e
5.
a
TOEFL Prep II
1.
luxury
2.
affluence
3.
prestige
4.
nobility
5.
working class
TOEFL Success
1.
b
2.
a
Wealth and Social Class
105
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LESSON
Personal Property

Target Words
1.
acquire
6.
lease
2.
assess
7.
liability
3.
asset
8.
proprietor
4.
hazardous
9.
safeguard
5.
jointly
10.
sole
Definitions and Samples
1.
acquire v.
To get something, usually something with special value or
meaning
Bart hoped to acquire the 1898 D Indian Head penny, which would
make his collection complete.
Usage tips
Unlike get, acquire implies that a possession has special

value or meaning.
Parts of speech
acquisition
n,
acquisitive
adj
2.
assess v.
To estimate the value of something
The Barnes building was assessed at $1.3 million, but it can proba-
bly sell for much more than that.
Parts of speech
assessor
n,
assessment
n
3.
asset n.
A possession that has positive value
Usage tips
Some examples of assets are real estate, cash, and stock
shares.
22
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4.
hazardous adj.
Dangerous
Parents have to be careful not to buy children’s clothes and toys
made of hazardous materials.

Parts of speech
hazard
n,
hazardously
adv
5.
jointly adv.
Together with one or more other parties
In most states, a husband and wife are assumed to own all their
possessions jointly.
Parts of speech
join
v,
joint
n
6.
lease v.
To rent something for a long time (several months or years)
Some drivers prefer to lease a car rather than buy one.
Parts of speech
lease
n,
lessor
n,
lessee
n
7.
liability n.
Legal responsibility for harming a person or property; a dis-
advantage

Before you go river rafting, you sign a document releasing the trip
leaders from liability in case of injury.
Henderson is just a liability to our work team, because he never fin-
ishes anything on time.
Usage tips
In its second meaning, liability is often followed by a to
phrase.
Parts of speech
liable
adj
8.
proprietor n.
Owner, usually of a business or a building
The proprietor of Hekman’s Windows is Nels Hekman, grandson of
the people who established the factory.
Usage tips
Very often, proprietor is followed by an of phrase.
Parts of speech
proprietary
adj
9.
safeguard v.
To protect
A burglar-alarm system safeguards our house when we go away on
vacation.
Usage tips
Safeguard implies continuous protection over a long time.
Personal Property
107
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10.
sole adj.
Only
Many people have wanted to invest in Harry’s publishing business,
but he remains the sole owner.
Usage tips
Sole almost always appears before the noun it modifies. It
does not come after a linking verb like be.
Parts of speech
solely
adv
TOEFL Prep I
Find the word that is closest in meaning to each
word in the left-hand column. Write the letter in the blank.
1. assess (a) dangerous
2. hazardous (b) evaluate
3. jointly (c) protect
4. liability (d) responsibility
5. safeguard (e) together
TOEFL Prep II
Circle the word that best completes each sentence.
1.
The building company is trying to (safeguard / acquire) the whole
neighborhood so it can put up a mall.
2.
To the average farm family, every child was (an asset / a liability), one
more set of hands to gather eggs or plant beans.
3.
Gary’s Cookie Shop has to move because the owner of the building
won’t renew the (lease / asset).

4.
The (hazardous / sole) adult influence on Sarah as she grew up was
her grandmother.
5.
Some people are born with the disease, but others (acquire / assess)
it later in life.
TOEFL Success
Read the passage to review the vocabulary you
have learned. Answer the questions that follow.
It is not easy to make a living as the proprietor of apartment buildings.
There is a huge initial expense, not only to acquire the properties but to
assess the buildings and to remove any hazardous materials like lead-
108
Money
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