Tài liệu A complete English language course part 28 pptx

Or it can mean something stronger:
I suppose you’ve come to collect the money
= ‘I assume that you’ve come to collect the money’
I suppose is not used in other tenses very often.
Exercise 8
Decide between the verbs in brackets to complete each sentence.
1 I (suppose/wonder) where James is.
2 We were (supposing/wondering) where to go for coffee.
3 I (suppose/wonder) you’re going to the pub, are you?
4 I (suppose/wonder) whose book this is.
5 I (suppose/wonder) Andy may have left already.
6 Kath was (supposing/wondering) what to do tomorrow.
7 I (suppose/wonder) if Gerry could come along as well.
8 I (suppose/wonder) Gerry could come along as well.
Dialogue 4
Abigail is reading a dramatic news item from the local paper to Gary.
A
BIGAIL
: Listen to this, Gary:
‘Two men were arrested last night after a car was stolen
in the town centre. Police said that the car, a blue Audi,
was driven through the town at high speed, but was
stopped by a roadblock just outside the supermarket.
The two men have been named as Bert Shift and Ernie
Dodge. They will be charged tomorrow with theft and
dangerous driving, and are expected to appear in court
on Monday. Their families have been informed, and a
press conference will be held at ten o’clock tomorrow.
G
ARY
:Wow!

Language point 90 – passive
The
PASSIVE
is not used much in colloquial English, but you will hear
it quite often on the TV and radio news, and see it in newspapers
and books.
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Look at these two sentences:
ACTIVE
The dog bit the postman
PASSIVE
The postman was bitten by the dog
They mean the same thing. The
OBJECT
of the
ACTIVE
sentence (the
postman) becomes the

SUBJECT
of the
PASSIVE
sentence, and the verb
is changed. We use by to show who or what did the action in a
passive sentence.
The passive is formed of two parts:
be +
PAST PARTICIPLE
So, if you can use be in all tenses, and you’re happy with the past
participle (go back and look at Language point 53 again if you’re
not), then you can easily use the passive. Here are some examples:
PRESENT SIMPLE
Dinner is served at eight o’clock
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
The game is being played under floodlights
FUTURE
A prize will be awarded
PAST SIMPLE
This book was written in 1948
PAST CONTINUOUS
Ice creams were being sold
on the seafront
PRESENT PERFECT
Your car has been stolen
PAST PERFECT
The money had been hidden in the garden
To make passive statements into questions, we simply put the first
verb at the start of the sentence, and leave everything else un-
changed:

Was
this book written in 1948?
Has
your car been stolen?
Were
ice creams being sold on the seafront?
Is
dinner served at eight o’clock?
And negatives simply add not/n’t to the first verb:
+–
is served isn’t served
is being played isn’t being played
had been hidden hadn’t been hidden
will be awarded won’t be awarded
(remember will not → won’t)
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You won’t need to use the passive much when speaking in normal
situations, but it’s important to know about it and recognise it when
you come across it.
Exercise 9
Rewrite these active sentences as passives. The first one is done for
you.
1 The cat chases the mouse.
The mouse is chased by the cat.
2 The employers pay the workers. _____________________ .
3 Does Sarah feed the chickens? _____________________ ?
4 The postman delivered the
letters. _____________________ .
5 James has broken this chair. _____________________ .
6 The organisers will cancel the

concert. _____________________ .
7 Su made the tea. _____________________ .
8 Rich people drive big cars. _____________________ .
9 Henry’d do the gardening. _____________________ .
10 Authors write books. _____________________ .
Exercise 10
Complete these sentences using the future or past passive – the first
one has been done for you.
1 Send the letters. They’ll be sent tomorrow.
2 Pay the hotel bill. ____________ yesterday.
3 Book the holiday. ____________ last week.
4 Do the shopping. ____________ tomorrow.
5 Take the rubbish out. ____________ yesterday.
6 Throw the old papers out. ____________ yesterday.
7 Recycle the milk bottles. ____________ yesterday.
8 Buy the Christmas tree. ____________ tomorrow.
9 Fill the car up. ____________ tomorrow.
10 Eat the food! ____________ yesterday.
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Exercise 11
See if you can find all the passives in the newspaper articles below.
The first is from a tabloid and the second is from a broadsheet.
Which one has more?
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© Guardian
Life and living – reading
With this unit we’ve come to the end of the book – and you’ll want
to build on what you’ve learnt and practised. One good way to inde-
pendently and effectively improve your English (and especially to
expand your vocabulary) is to read – and there’s plenty to read
wherever you look.
If you go to a newsagent’s (like the one Damian went to in Unit
6) you’ll find a wide range of newspapers (or papers, as we often
call them). Daily papers come in two formats: some, such as The
Times, the Guardian and the Daily Telegraph, are broadsheets –
large-format papers with quite serious style and content, and with
very wide and deep coverage of both home news and international
news. If you want to read everything in a broadsheet, you’ll need
quite a bit of time. Other papers, such as the Mirror, the Daily Mail
and the Express, are tabloids – smaller-format papers with less
serious, more popular style and language, and covering news in
rather less depth. They have more pictures as well, and they sell
more than the broadsheets. These days one or two of the broad-
sheets are also available as tabloids – same content, but smaller
pages and more of them. You can also buy Sunday papers, such as
the Observer, The Sunday Times, the Independent on Sunday and
the Sunday Telegraph. They are bigger than the dailies, and they
come in several sections, for example Review, Travel, Finance,

Food and Sport. If you’re a busy person with lots to do apart from
reading, a Sunday paper can last you most of the week!
Or why not visit a bookshop and buy a book to read? Every large
town has a fair-sized bookshop, with thousands of titles arranged by
category or genre. Fiction is always a very large section, and it’s a
good place for learners of English to start. You’ll find the fiction
books grouped under different types, for example modern fiction
(general modern novels), historical fiction (stories set in the past),
science fiction (stories set in the future) and horror (ghosts, blood
and axe-murderers) – pick something you like the look of and get
reading!
Glossary
expand – widen
vocabulary – the words of a language
newsagent’s – shop that sells newspapers
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