Tài liệu ESSAY OUTLINE ( FOR IELTS ) TOPIC 7-2 pptx

ESSAY OUTLINE ( FOR IELTS )

Topic 7. Food –Drink -health-Welfare

SECTION 3: WELFARE

1. Topic33: A government''s role is only to provide defence
capability and urban infrastructure (roads, water supplies, etc.).
All other services (education, health, social security) should be
provided by private groups or individuals in the community. To
what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion – prepare
for ielts –124.
- Governments can only provide a limited range of services for
citizens. Certain types of service, however, must be provided by
governments, whereas both governments and private groups or
individuals can share the responsibility to provide other services.
- A government must provide those services which are essentila to a
country. These include defence capabilities and social security.
Private enterprise and the profit motive should not form part of these
essential services. On the other hand, some services could be
provided by either governments or private groups or both. Education
and health care are examples of such services. A government must
provide at least a basic level of education and health care so all
citizens can have access to them. Private enterprise, though, could
also provide services in these areas for those who wish to pay for
them.
- Urban infrastructure is another area where governments and private
groups or individuals can share responsibility. Governments must
build and maintain a system of roads, but toll roads can be built and
road maintenance carried out by private contractors. Similarly, other
infrastructure, such as water or electricity supply, can be operated by

private companies.
- To sum up, there are some services such as defence and social
security which must be provided by government. Other services, for
examples water supply or education, could be provided by both
government and private enterprise. Consequently, it is not true to say
that a government’s role is only to provide some services while others
should be provided by the private sector. In fact, both government
and private groups can share in the provision of most services.
2. In Britain, when someone gets old, they often go to live in a
home with other old people where there are nurses to look after
them. Sometimes the government has to pay for this care.
Who should be responsible for our old people? Give reasons.
- Their children.
- Government.
3. What should a government do for a country to become
successful?
- Human resources.
- Consolidate the national solidarity.
- Purify the government leadership.
4. Although abuses of the system are inevitable, social welfare
payments are essential to protect the rights citizens have to a
guaranteed income in a democratic society. Discuss – 202
exercise –120.
Social welfare is an essential element of an advanced society. Good
systems are always abused, but that does not mean they are faulty.
In my opinion, the two main reasons why welfare payments are
necessary are as follows:
- first of all, critics forget that there are many forms of welfare besides
payments to the unemployed. Their negative opinions harm those
who are capable of earning a wage, such as single-parent mothers,

the disabled, and the sick. Moreover, the unemployed have the right
to an income, too. They are not always at fault for not having a job,
and in most cases the tax they have paid in the past entitles them to
assistance.
- The second reason is that crime increases when people have no
means of support. The desperately poor inevitably turn to crime,
which is not only dangerous but costly. Policing the streets is more
expensive than providing welfare. A policeman’s wage is four or five
times higher than a “dole” payment.
- Certain members of society believe that people should look after
themselves. They point out that welfare increases depandency on
others and destroys dignity. This may be true, but in the case of the
unemployed, the relief payments are usually temporary. It is surely
the fault of the government if there are long – term unemployed.
Welfare critices also believe that it is the responsibility of a victim’s
family to provide financial assistance. However, it is too expensive to
provide complete help for a severely disabled person.
- To conclude, it is vital to understand the need for welfare in a
modern democratic society. Without welfare payments the poor are
destined to become poorer. The first duty of a government is to
provide a financial safety net for all disadvantaged persons, and that
includes those without work.
5. The welfare state makes people less self-reliant: above
question
6. A much debated issue these days is whether citizens should
take out private health insurance or not
- A much debated issue these days is whether citizens should take
out private health insurance or not. The cost of providing free medical
care for both the wealthy and the poor is far too great for any
government, and most people agree that if you can pay for insurance,

you should. In this essay, I will argue that all who can afford it should
be insured, but free medical care must be made available for those
too poor to do so.
- The most important reason for encouraging people to take out
private health insurance is the cost to the government of health care.
Free health cover for people who are able to pay for it is a waste of
public money. Of course, people will only pay health insurance
premiums if they know that they are getting good value for their
money. If they get sick, they should pay very little or nothing at all. In
addition, the privately insured are entitled to special benefits such as