BÀI TẬP NHÓM MÔN TIẾNG ANH 3 đề tài MAKING INFERENCES

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KIỂM SÁT HÀ NỘI

BÀI TẬP NHĨM
MƠN: TIẾNG ANH 3

Đề tài:

MAKING INFERENCES

Nhóm 4-11 lớp K8EG
Nguyễn Thiên Phát

Trần Thảo Vân

Nguyễn Thị Phượng

Nguyễn Thị Thu Nhi

Quang Trương Khánh Ly Bùi Thị Quyết Lưu

Hà Nội – 2021

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Table of Contents
A. Theory..............................................................................................................5
I. What is an Inference?..................................................................................5
II. Inference Questions....................................................................................5
III. Strategy to approach Inference questions..............................................6
IV. Avoid the following things while making inferences.............................6

V. In inferences questions, some of the answer choices may try to trick
you by................................................................................................................7
B. Practice..........................................................................................................10

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TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KIỂM SÁT HÀ NỘI
NAM

CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT

Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc

Lớp K8G

Hà Nội, ngày 20 tháng 06 năm 2021

BIÊN BẢN HỌP NHĨM
Mơn học: TIẾNG ANH 3
Đề tài: MAKING INFERENCES
1. Thời gian, địa điểm, thành phần:
- Thời gian:
+ Bắt đầu: 15h ngày 26/05/2021
+ Hồn thành: 17h ngày20/06/2021
- Địa điểm: Họp nhóm onl
- Thành phần: 6/6 thành viên có mặt đầy đủ (Tất cả các lần hoạt động
nhóm).
2. Mục đích buổi học nhóm:
- Nghiên cứu vấn đề nhóm được giao, xác định rõ các yêu cầu của đề bài,

mục tiêu cần đạt được…
- Thảo luận, đề ra cách giải quyết vấn đề.
- Phân công công việc cho từng thành viên.
3. Nội dung buổi học:
- Nhóm trưởng trình bày mục đích của buổi hoạt động nhóm.
- Các thành viên lần lượt đưa ra ý kiến về hướng giải quyết vấn đề nhóm.
- Nhóm trưởng phân công nhiệm vụ cho từng thành viên.
- Các thành viên giúp đỡ nhau hồn thành phần cơng việc.
- Các thành viên rút ra những hạn chế của nhóm để rút kinh nghiệm cho
những buổi hoạt động nhóm tiếp theo.
4. Kết quả buổi học nhóm:
- Cơng việc được hồn thành.
- Sau thời gian làm việc, nhóm đã đi đến kết quả phân chia cũng như đánh
giá mức độ hoàn thành công việc của từng thành viên như sau:

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BẢNG PHÂN CƠNG CƠNG VIỆC CỦA CÁC THÀNH VIÊN
TT

Thành viên

Lớp

Cơng việc

Ghi chú

1

Nguyễn Thiên Phát

K8G

Thiết kế và chỉnh sửa
bản word, p.p

Nhóm trưởng

2

Nguyễn Thị Phượng

K8G

Chuẩn bị phần details

3

Bùi Thị Quyết Lưu

K8G

Chuẩn bị phần details

4

Trần Thảo Vân

K8E

Chuẩn bị phần supporting ideas

5

Nguyễn Thị Thu Nhi

K8E

Chuẩn bị phần supporting ideas

6

Quang Trương Khánh
Ly

K8G

Chuẩn bị phần warm up

Biên bản kết thúc vào 17h ngày 20/06/2021.
Thư ký

Nhóm trưởng

Nguyễn Thị Phượng

Nguyễn Thiên Phát

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MAKING INFERENCES
A. Theory
Approximately ten items on the TOEFL will test your ability to make inferences
based on the information you read. For each individual passage, two or three
questions will ask you to make an inference.
On the paper test, the inference questions are usually asked in the same order
that the information appears in the passage.
On the computer test, the inference questions are also asked in the order that the
information appears. The computer may scroll automatically to that part of the
passage or point out in which paragraph you can find the answer.
I. What is an Inference?
An inference is a conclusion you can make from the information given in a
passage. Some inferences can be made from a single sentence. Some inferences
are based on a whole paragraph or on the entire passage.
An inference is a “hidden” idea. To make an inference, you must understand an
idea that is not stated directly by the author. To do this, you must interpret the
information that is stated directly. What the author does not state directly, he or
she may imply or suggest by mentioning certain details. When an author implies
something, you must infer or conclude the meaning based on what the author
does
A prediction is a type of inference in which you must determine what the author
would probably say in the next paragraph or in a similar situation, or you may
have to identify which statement the author would agree with.
When you make an inference or prediction, use key words and ideas in the
passage, your general understanding of the author’s message, reason, logic, and
common sense. The question requires you to conclude the author's message.
This type of question is similar to those about main and supporting idea;

however, here the idea is implied rather than stated directly.
II. Inference Questions
TOEFL questions about inferences and predictions look like this:
It can be inferred from the passage that____
Which of the following can be inferred about ____
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It can be concluded from lines ___ that ___?
It can be inferred by the phrase ___ that ___ ?
The author of the passage implies/suggests that ___?
In paragraph __ the author implies/suggests that ___?
What does the author suggest was ___?
What does the author mean by the statement ___?
With which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?
Which of the following is most probably ___?
Which of the following would be most likely ___?
What can be said/concluded about___?
What does the paragraph following the passage probably discuss?
All of the following can be inferred from the passage EXCEPT
Which of the following could NOT be said/concluded about ___?

III. Strategy to approach Inference questions
1. Tackle the Passage
Read the passage thoroughly. Skip the details, focus on the main ideas.
Understand the connections among the paragraphs, especially with the main
idea. Finally, determine the purpose of writing, and the author’s opinion.
2. Rephrasal
Rephrasing the question in your own words forces you to grasp what it asks.
Note the line location, concepts and words like except, but and not as they are

crucial to the answer.
3. Choices
Read the choices to see which one the passage supports. Usually, the correct
answer is based on the information in two/three sentences.
4. Elimination
Eliminate the obviously wrong choices as it makes easier to find the right
answer. It’s best not to anticipate an answer in these cases. Simply evaluate the
answer choices given.
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IV. Avoid the following things while making inferences
1. Explicit Answers
Remember, an inference is NOT directly given in the passage. It’s important to
understand the question type to avoid wrong answers. In inference questions,
any answer choice which repeats/ rephrases something from the passage is
WRONG. Instead, the inference should be based on one of the lines from the
given facts/reading comprehension.While answering inference based question, if
you find yourself stuck between two choices, then make sure that for the answer
to be correct it should have relevant basis in the passage to support the
conclusion.
2. Distortions
The information in the passage can be distorted to make an answer wrong. Such
choices twist the connection of ideas or mis-attribute an idea.
3. Extreme Answers
Extreme words like always, any, all, never, none should alert you. The passages
contain qualifying statements and thus, rarely support extreme, broad
generalizations.
4. Unrelated Answers
Look out for ideas not addressed by the passage as they make the answer wrong.

V. In inferences questions, some of the answer choices may try to trick you
by
- Not being supported by the information stated or implied in the passage.
- Being inaccurate or untrue according in incorrect ways. The information in the
passage can be distorted to make an answer wrong.
- Repeating words and phrases from in incorrect ways.
- Being too general.
- Being irrelevant.
=> You must be careful and not fall into these traps. The best way to avoid
them is to read the argument patiently and have clarity about the ideas
forwarded by it. Always scrutinize an option before choosing it and do not just
judge it by a look at its language.
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Look at an example 1:
People are always less happy to accept scientific data they feel contradicts their
preconceived beliefs. No surprise here; no human likes to be wrong. But science
isn't supposed to care about preconceived notions. Science, at least good
science, tells us about the world as it is, and not as some wish it to be.
Sometimes what science finds is consistent with a particular religion's wishes.
But usually it is not.
Question: What can be inferred about good science?
A. A good science is well received by the educated people.
B. A good science is based on concrete results obtained through testing the
hypothesis.
C. A good science and religion are same.
D. A good science will always prove the general populace wrong.
Answer:
- The first statement, A good science is well received by the educated people, is

wrong as there is no relevant point in the passage to draw this conclusion.
- The second statement, A good science is based on concrete results obtained
through testing the hypothesis, is supported nor implied in the passage. This can
be drawn on the basis of the line “But science isn't supposed to care about
preconceived notions. Science, at least good science, tells us about the world as
it is and not as some wish it to be".
- The third statement, A good science and religion are same, is too far-fetched
and it may not be always true for science and religion to be same.
- The fourth statement, A good science will always prove the general populace
wrong, is wrong as there is no fact in the passage to support this option.
=> Answer to the above question is option B.
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Look at an example 2:
Many of the major phyla of animals arose during the Cambrian period, in what
is called the Cambrian Explosion. Prior to the Cambrian period, simple onecelled organisms had slowly evolved into primitive multicellular creatures.
Then, in a relatively rapid explosion during the period from 540 million years
ago to 500 million years ago, there was a period of astonishing diversification in
which quickly developing organisms became widely distributed and formed
complex communities.

Question: It can be inferred from paragraph that ___________________.
A. Some major phyla developed during periods other than the Cambrian period.
B. Many other phyla of animals became extinct during the Cambrian Explosion.
C. Descriptions of various animal phyla were created during the Cambrian
period.
D. The major phyla of animals that came about during the Cambrian period died
out in the Cambrian Explosion.
Answer:

- The first statement, Some major phyla developed during periods other than the
Cambrian period, is implied in this sentence: “Prior to the Cambrian period,
simple one-celled organisms had slowly evolved into primitive multicellular
creatures.” It can understand that: organisms developed in periods other than the
Cambrian period.
- The second statement, Many other phyla of animals became extinct during the
Cambrian Explosion, is not supported in the passage.
- The third statement, Descriptions of various animal phyla were created during
the Cambrian period, is irrelevant because various animal phyla is neither
mentioned nor implied in the passage.

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- The fourth statement, The major phyla of animals that came about during the
Cambrian period died out in the Cambrian Explosion, is not mentioned in the
passage.
=> Answer to the above question is option A.
B. Practice
*Read the following passages and choose the one best anwer to each question
1. Temporary workers often receive their assignments through temporary
employment agencies. They work for firms that require additional help on an
occasional Christmas. Temporary workers include cashiers, sales demonstrators,
and marketing researchers.
It can be inferred from the paragraph that…….?
A.Temporary workers are well paid.
B. Some firms hire only temporary workers
C. Shops need extra help at Christmas.
2. Good climbers and swimmers, fishers have a large range in winter. Although
the origin of their common name is unknown, the monk's habit of fishing may

have been mistakenly ascribed to fishers. Fishers prefer living in hollow trees or
rocky crevices, shifting sites occasionally, and if disturbed, they are known to
hiss, snarl, or spit.
It can be inferred that Fishers…..?
A.are athletic people
B. are rich from catching fish
C. are most active in winter
D. are wild animals
3. Middle age has been regarded as a vague interim period when one is no
longer young and not quite old. The connotations of young are vitality, growth,
and the heroic; whereas old age connotes vulnerability, withering, and the brink
of nothingness. This overly negative imagery of old age adds greatly to the
burden of middle age. It is terrifying to go through middle age as though one
were already very old, and it is a self - defeating illusion to live it as though one
were still simply young.
The author of the paragraph implies that middle age?
A. is preparation for the nothingness of old age.
B. is when people have illusion about still being young.
C. is defined primarily in negative terms.
D. last several years.
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4. The telephone system makes contacting customers easier, and custom can
also phone orders. Personal computers and the internet have revolutionized how
people  buy and sell. The nationwide system of highways, on which large trucks
can travel, enables huge quantities of goods to be transported over great
distances in a very short time. Sales workers, travelling by road or air, can visit
numerous customers every week.
Which of the following can be concluded from the paragraph?

A. The telephone will soon be superseded by personal computers and the
internet
B. Improvements in communications and transportation have
influenced commerce.
C. Changes in technology have made human society more complex.
D. Traveling by road is less necessary because of telephones and the Internet.
5. About 750 million acres, or one - third of the land in the United States, is
covered with forests. All fifty states have forest lands. The forests provide trees
for building materials, paper, fuel, and a variety of other uses. They help clean
the air, protect water supplies, and make a home for wildlife. They are a major
source of recreational opportunities for people and are the basis of hundreds of
thousands of jobs.
It can be inferred from the paragraph that …?
A.forests in the United States have been replanted
B. Americans prefer houses built from wood.
C. The number of jobs in forests is increasing.
D. Industrialized and urbanized states have forests.
6. The traditional English wooden house was built to insure strength and
durability. The house was built on a sturdy frame of heavy timbers about a foot
thick. These were held together by cutting down the end of one beam into a
tongue which was then fitted into a groove in the adjoining beam. This kind of
construction required shaping tongues and grooves, making wooden pegs, and
fitting all these neatly together.
It can be inferred that traditional English house ….?
A.required the tools and the training of a skilled carpenter
B. took as long as a year to complete
C. were sturdier and more durable than the houses built today.
D. are no longer being built.

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