Tài liệu GRE Vocabulary 33000 pptx

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GRE Vocabulary 33000
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떨어뜨리다 낮추다 창피를 주다, , (lower, humiliate)⇨
His refusal to abase himself in the eyes of his followers➡
irritated the king, who wanted to humiliate him.
abash
당황시키다 창피스럽게 만들다, (embarrass)⇨
He was not at all abashed by her open admiration.➡
abdicate
포기하다 저버리다, (renounce, give up)⇨
When Edward VIII abdicated the British throne, he surprised➡
the entire world.
abettor
사주자 범죄를 부추기는 사람, (encourager)⇨
He was accused of being an aider and abettor of the➡
criminal.
abeyance
중지 정지, (suspended action)⇨
The deal was held in abeyance until his arrival.➡
abhor
혐오하다 (detest, hate)⇨
He abhorred all forms of bigotry.➡
abjure
저버리다 (renounce upon oath)⇨
He abjured his allegiance to the king.➡
ablution
씻기 종교예식에서 몸을 깨끗이 씻음, (washing of the body)⇨
His daily ablutions were accompanied by loud noises which he➡
humorously labeled "Opera in the Bath"

abominate
혐오하다 (loathe, hate)⇨
Moses abominated idol worship.➡
aboriginal
원산의 원주민의 토착의, , (being the first of its kind in a region,⇨
primitive, native)
His studies of the primitive art forms of the aboriginal Indians➡
were widely reported in the scientific journals.
abortive
실패한 결실이 전혀 없는, (unsuccessful, fruitless)⇨
We had to abandon our abortive attempts.➡
abrade
마찰시키다 긁히다 찰과상을 입다 깎여 나가다, , , (wear away by⇨
friction, erode)
The skin of his leg was abraded by the sharp rocks.➡
abrogate
폐지하다 (abolish)⇨
He intended to abrogate the decree issued by his➡
predecessor.
abscond
몰래 도망치다 (depart secretly and hide)⇨
The teller absconded with the bonds issued by his➡
predecessor.
absolve
용서하다 면죄시키다, (pardon (an offense))⇨
The father absolved the confessor of his sins.➡
abstemious
절제적인 담배 술등을 삼가는, , (temperate, sparing in drink,⇨
etc.)
The drunkards mocked him because of his abstemious habits.➡

abstinence
절제 금주 금식, , (restraint from eating or drinking)⇨
The doctor recommended total abstinence from alcoholic➡
beverages.
acute
예리한 (quickly perceptive. keen. brief and severe)⇨
The acute young doctor realized immediately that the gradual➡
deterioration of her patient's once-acute hearing was due to a
chronic illness, not an acute one.
affiliation
입회 제휴, (joining, associating with)⇨
His affiliation with the political party was of short duration for➡
he soon disagreed with his colleagues.
affinity
인척관계 (kinship)⇨
She felt an affinity with all who suffered, their pains were her➡
pains.
affirmation
확언 단언, (solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an⇨
oath)
The Constitution of this country provides for oath or➡
affirmation by officeholders.
affluence
풍부 부유, (abundance, wealth)⇨
Foreigners are amazed by the affluence and luxury of the➡
American way of life.
affray
싸움 소란, (public brawl)⇨
He was badly mauled by the fighters in the affray.➡
agape

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입을 딱 벌리고 아연하여, (openmouthed)⇨
She stared, agape, at the many strange animals in the zoo.➡
agenda
의사일정 (items of business at a meeting)⇨
We had so much difficulty agreeing upon an agenda that➡
there was very little time for the meeting.
agglomeration
덩어리로 만듦 응집작용, (collection, heap)⇨
It took weeks to assort the agglomeration of miscellaneous➡
items she had collected on her trip.
aggrandize
크게하다 강화하다, (increase or intensify)⇨
The history of the past quarter century illustrates how a➡
President may aggrandize his power to act aggressively in
international affairs without considering the wishes of Congress.
aggregate
총계의 (sum, total)⇨
The aggregate wealth of this country is staggering to the➡
imagination.
aghast
깜짝 놀라 혼비백산하여, (horrified)⇨
He was aghast at the nerve of the speaker who had insulted➡
his host.
agility
민첩함 (nimbleness)⇨
The agility of the acrobat amazed and thrilled the audience.➡
agitate
흔들다 선동하다, . (stir up, disturb)⇨

Her fiery remarks agitated the already angry mob.➡
agnostic
불가지론자 (one who is skeptical of the existence or⇨
knowability of a god)
The agnostic demanded proof before she would accept the➡
statement of the minister.
agrarian
농지의 토지의, (pertaining to land or its cultivation)⇨
The country is gradually losing its agrarian occupation and➡
turning more and more to an industrial point of view.
alacrity
민첩함 활기, (cheerful promptness)⇨
He demonstrated his eagerness to serve by his alacrity in➡
executing the orders of his master.
alchemy
연금술 (medieval chemistry)⇨
The changing of baser metals into gold was the goal of the➡
students of alchemy.
alcove
우묵 들어간 곳 (nook, recess)⇨
Though their apartment lacked a full-scale dining room, an➡
alcove adjacent to the living room made an adequate breakfast
nook for the young couple.
alias
일명 별명, (an assumed name)⇨
John Smith's alias was Bob Jones.➡
alienate
멀리하다 이간하다, (make hostile, separate)⇨
Her attempts to alienate the two friends failed because they➡
had complete faith in each other.

alimentary
영양의 소화의, (supplying nourishment)⇨
The alimentary canal in our bodies is so named because➡
digestion of foods occurs there.
alimony
별거수당 (payment by a husband to his divorced wife)⇨
Mrs. Jones was awarded $200 monthly alimony by the court➡
when she was divorced from her husband.
allay
진정시키다 완화하다, (calm, pacify)⇨
The crew tried to allay the fears of the passengers by➡
announcing that the fire had been controlled.
allege
단언하다 우겨대다, (state without proof )⇨
It is alleged that she had worked for the enemy.➡
allegory
풍유 우화, (story in which characters are used as symbols,⇨
fable)
"Pilgrim's Progress" is an allegory of the temptations and➡
victories of man's soul.
apparition
유령 환영, (ghost, phantom)⇨
Hamlet was uncertain about the identity of the apparition that➡
had appeared and spoken to him.
appease
만족시키다 달래다, (pacify, soothe)⇨
We have discovered that, when we try to appease our➡
enemies, we encourage them to make additional demands.
appellation
명칭 통칭,(name,title)⇨

He was amazed when the witches hailed him with his correct➡
appellation.
append
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덧붙이다 (attach)⇨
I shall append this chart to my report.➡
application
열심 몰두, (diligent attention)⇨
Pleased with how well Tom had whitewashed the fence, Aunt➡
Polly praised him for his application.(secondary meaning)
apposite
적절한 (appropriate, fitting)⇨
He was always able to find the apposite phrase, the correct➡
expression for every occasion.
appraise
값을 매기다 (estimate value of)⇨
It is difficult to appraise the value of old paintings, it is easier➡
to call them priceless.
appreciate
고맙게 생각하다 진가를 인정하다 올바르게 인식하다, , (be thankful⇨
for, increase in worth, be thoroughly conscious of)
Little Orphan Annie truly appreciated the stocks Daddy➡
Warbucks gave her, whose value appreciated considerably over
the years.
apprehend
체포하다 깨닫다, (arrest(a criminal), perceive)⇨
The police will apprehend the culprit before long.➡
apprehensive
우려하여 통찰력이 있는, (fearful, discerning)⇨

His apprehensive glances at the people who were walking in➡
the street revealed his nervousness.
apprise
통고하다 (inform)⇨
When he was apprised of the dangerous weather conditions,➡
he decided to postpone his trip.
approbation
승인 (approval)⇨
She looked for some sign of approbation from her parents.➡
appropriate
충당하다 전유하다, (acquire, take possession of for one's own⇨
use)
The ranch owners appropriated the lands that had originally➡
been set aside for the Indians' use.
appurtenances
부속물 (subordinate possessions )⇨
He bought the estate and all its appurtenances.➡
apropos
의이야기로생각났는데 에관하여~ , ~ (with reference to,⇨
regarding)
I find your remarks apropos of the present situation timely➡
and pertinent.
aptitude
적절함 재능, (fitness, talent)⇨
The counselor gave him an aptitude test before advising him➡
about the career he should follow.
awe
경외 (solemn wonder)⇨
The tourists gazed with awe at the tremendous expanse of➡
the Grand Canyon.

awry
뒤틀어져 구부러져, (distorted, crooked)⇨
He held his head awry, giving the impression that he had➡
caught cold in his neck during the night.
azure
하늘빛 (sky blue)⇨
Azure skies are indicative of good weather.➡
babble
서투른 말로 종알거리다 (chatter idly)⇨
The little girl babbled about her doll.➡
badger
장난삼아 집적대다 괴롭히다( ) , (pester, annoy)⇨
She was forced to change her telephone number because she➡
was badgered by obscene phone calls.
badinage
농담 (teasing conversation)⇨
Her friends at work greeted the news of her engagement➡
with cheerful badinage.
baffle
좌절시키다 당황하게 하다, (frustrate, perplex)⇨
The new code baffled the enemy agents.➡
bagatelle
하찮은 것 (trifle)⇨
Trying to reassure Roxanne about his wound, Cyrano claimed➡
it was a mere bagatelle.
bait
괴롭히다 집적거리다, (harass, tease)⇨
The soldiers baited the prisoners, terrorizing them.➡
baleful
해로운 불길한, (deadly, destructive)⇨

The drought was a baleful omen.➡
balk
방해하다 (foil)⇨
When the warden learned that several inmates were planning➡
to escape, he took steps to balk their attempt.
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ballast
바닥짐 배에실은짐이적을때배의안전을위하여바닥에싣는돌(,⇨
모래) (heavy substance used to add stability or weight)
The ship was listing badly to one side, it was necessary to➡
shift the ballast in the hold to get her back on an even keel.
balm
진통제 (something that relieves pain)⇨
Friendship is the finest balm for the pangs of disappointed➡
love.
balmy
향유의 향기로운,(mild,fragrant)⇨
A balmy breeze refreshed us after the sultry blast.➡
banal
진부한 평범한, (hackneyed, commonplace, trite)⇨
His frequent use of cliches made his essay seem banal.➡
bane
파멸의 원인 (cause of ruin)⇨
Lack of public transportation is the bane of urban life.➡
baneful
유독한 유해한, (ruinous, poisonous)⇨
His baneful influence was feared by all.➡
burgeon
싹트다 (grow forth, send out buds)⇨

In the spring, the plants that burgeon are a promise of the➡
beauty that is to come.
burlesque
익살부리다 (give an imitation that ridicules)⇨
In his caricature, he burlesqued the mannerisms of his➡
adversary.
burly
퉁명스러운 억센, (husky, muscular)⇨
The burly mover lifted the packing crate with ease.➡
burnish
닦다 갈다, (make shiny by rubbing, polish)⇨
They burnished the metal until it reflected the lamplight.➡
buttress
부벽 버팀, (support or prop)⇨
The huge cathedral walls were supported by flying buttresses.➡
buxom
포동포동한 건강하고 쾌활한 명랑한, , (plump, vigorous, jolly)⇨
The soldiers remembered the buxom nurse who had always➡
been so pleasant to them.
cabal
음모단 (small group of persons secretly united to promote⇨
their own interests)
The cabal was defeated when their scheme was discovered.➡
cache
은닉처 (hiding place)⇨
The detectives followed the suspect until he led them to the➡
cache where he had stored his loot.
cacophony
불협화음 (discord)⇨
Some people seem to enjoy the cacophony of an orchestra➡

that is tuning up.
cadaver
시체 (corpse)⇨
In some states, it is illegal to dissect cadavers.➡
cadaverous
시체같은 새파랗게 질린, (like a corpse, pale)⇨
By his cadaverous appearance, we could see how the disease➡
had ravaged him.
cajole
감언이설로 속이다 아첨하다, (coax, wheedle)⇨
I will not be cajoled into granting you your wish.➡
calamity
재난 참화, (disaster, misery)⇨
As news of the calamity spread, offers of relief poured in to➡
the stricken community.
caliber
재간 도량, (ability, capacity)⇨
A man of such caliber should not be assigned such menial➡
tasks.
calligraphy
달필 서법, (beautiful writing, excellent penmanship)⇨
As we examine ancient manuscripts, we become impressed➡
with the calligraphy of the scribes.
callous
굳어진 무감각한, (hardened, unfeeling)⇨
He had worked in the hospital for so many years that he was➡
callous to the suffering in the wards.
callow
애숭이인 (youthful, immature)⇨
In that youthful movement, the leaders were only a little less➡

callow than their immature followers.
calorific
열을 발생하는 (heat-producing)⇨
Coal is much more calorific than green wood.➡
calumniate
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중상하다 (slander)⇨
Shakespeare wrote that love and friendship were subject to➡
envious and calumniating time.
calumny
비방 중상, (malicious misrepresentation, slander)⇨
He could endure his financial failure, but he could not bear➡
the calumny that his foes heaped upon him.
camaraderie
우정 (good-fellowship)⇨
What he loved best about his job was the sense of➡
camaraderie he and his co-workers shared.
cameo
카메오 세공 (shell or jewel carved in relief)⇨
Tourists are advised not to purchase cameos from the street➡
peddlers of Rome who sell poor specimens of the carver's art.
canard
헛소문 유언비어, (unfounded rumor, exaggerated report)⇨
It is almost impossible to protect oneself from such a base➡
canard.
cordial
진심에서 우러나오는 따듯한, (hearty, affectionate)⇨
censor
검열관 까다롭게남의흠을잡는사람. (overseer of morals,⇨

person who reads to eliminate inappropriate remarks)
Soldiers dislike having their mail read by a censor but➡
understand the need for this precaution.
churlish
천한 야비한, (boorish, rude)⇨
Dismayed by his churlish manners at the party, the girls➡
vowed never to invite him again.
ciliated
속눈썹 솜털 이 있는( ) (having minute hairs)⇨
The paramecium is a ciliated, one-celled animal.➡
cipher
삭제하지 않음 변변치 않은 사람 물건, ( ) (nonentity, worthless⇨
person or thing)
She claimed her ex-husband was a total cipher and wondered➡
why she had ever married him.
cipher1
암호 (secret code)⇨
Lacking his code book, the spy was unable to decode the➡
message sent to him in cipher.
circlet
작은 원 장식고리, (small ring, band)⇨
This tiny circlet is very costly because it is set with precious➡
stones.
circuitous
빙도는 (roundabout)⇨
Because of the traffic congestion on the main highways, she➡
took a circuitous route.
circumlocution
에둘러 말함 핑계, (indirect or roundabout expression)⇨
He was afraid to call a spade a spade and resorted to➡

circumlocutions to avoid direct reference to his subject.
circumscribe
제한하다 한계를 정한다, (limit, confine)⇨
Although I do not wish to circumscribe your activities, I must➡
insist that you complete this assignment before you start anything
else.
circumspect
신중한 조심성 있는, (prudent, cautious)⇨
Investigating before acting, she tried always to be➡
circumspect.
circumvent
일주하다 포위하다, (outwit, baffle)⇨
In order to circumvent the enemy, we will make two➡
preliminary starting our major campaign.
collaborate
협조하다 협동하다, (work together)⇨
Two writers collaborated in preparing this book.➡
collage
콜라쥬 사진 신문 철사 등의 조각을 붙여 만드는 작품 기법(, , )⇨
(work of art put together from fragments.)
Scraps of cloth, paper dollies, and old photographs all went➡
into her collage.
collate
대조하다 비교하다 정열하다, , (examine in order to verify⇨
authenticity, arrange in order)
They collated the newly found manuscripts to determine their➡
age.
colloquial
대화체의 구어체적인, (pertaining to conversational or common⇨
speech)

Your use of colloquial expressions in a formal essay such as➡
the one you have presented spoils the effect you hope to
achieve.
colloquy
담화 대화, (informal discussion)⇨
I enjoy our colloquies, but I sometimes wish that they could➡
be made more formal and more searching.
collusion
공모 음모, (conspiring in a fraudulent scheme)⇨
The swindlers were found guilty of collusion.➡
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colossal
엄청나게 큰 거대한, (huge)⇨
Radio City Music Hall has a colossal stage that can➡
accomodate up to 15,000 people.
colossus
거상 거대한 물건, (gigantic statue)⇨
The legendary Colossus of Rhodes, a bronze statue of the➡
sun god that dominated the harbor of the Greek seaport, was
one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
comatose
혼수상태의 몹시 졸린, (in a coma, extremely sleepy)⇨
The long-winded orator soon had his audience in a comatose➡
state.
combustible
연소할 수 있는 (easily burned)⇨
After the recent outbreak of fires in private homes, the fire➡
commissioner ordered that all combustible materials be kept in
safe containers.

comely
매력적인 보기 좋은, (attractive, agreeable)⇨
I would rather have a poor and comely wife than a rich and➡
homely one.
comestible
식료품 (something fit to be eaten)⇨
The roast turkey and other comestible, the wines, and the➡
excellent service made this Thanksgiving dinner particularly
memorable.
comeuppance
천벌 인과응보, (rebuke, deserts)⇨
After his earlier rudeness, we were delighted to see him get➡
his comeuppance.
comity
예의바름 공손, (courtesy, civility)⇨
A spirit of comity should exist among nations.➡
commandeer
징발하다 (to draft for military purposes, to take for public⇨
use)
The policeman commandeered the first car that approached➡
and ordered the driver to go to the nearest hospital.
commemorative
기념할 만한 (remembering, honoring)⇨
The new commemorative stamps honors the late Martin➡
Luther King, Jr.
commensurate
동량의 (equal in extent)⇨
Your reward will be commensurate with your effort.➡
commiserate
동정하다 (feel or express pity or sympathy for )⇨

Her friends commiserated with the widow.➡
commodious
널찍하고 편리한 (spacious and comfortable)⇨
After sleeping in small roadside cabins, they found their hotel➡
suite commodious.
communal
공동사회의 공동의 공용의, , (held in common, of a group of⇨
people)
When they were divorced, they had trouble dividing their➡
communal property.
compact
조약 협약 계약, , (agreement, contract)⇨
The signers of the Mayflower Compact were establishing a➡
form of government.
compact
압축된 단단한 소형의, , (tightly packed, firm, brief)⇨
His short, compact body was better suited to wrestling than➡
to basketball.
compatible
양립할 수 있는 서로 어울리는, (harmonious, in harmony with)⇨
They were compatible neighbors, never quarreling over➡
unimportant matters.
compelling
강력한 압도적인, (overpowering, irresistible in effect)⇨
The prosecutor presented a well-reasoned case, but the➡
defense attorney's compelling arguments for leniency won over
the jury.
compendium
요약 (brief, comprehensive summary)⇨
This text can serve as a compendium of the tremendous➡

amount of new material being developed in this field.
compensatory
보상적인 (making up for, repaying)⇨
Can a compensatory education program make up for the➡
inadequate schooling he received in early years?
compilation
편찬 자료정리, (listing of statistical information in tabular or⇨
book form)
The compilation of available scholarships serves a very➡
valuable purpose.
complacent
자기만족적인 느긋한, (self-satisfied)⇨
There was a complacent look on his face as he examined his➡
paintings.
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complaisant
상냥한 고분고분한, (trying to please, obliging)⇨
The courtier obeyed the king's orders in a complaisant➡
manner.
complement
보충하다 보완하다, (complete, consummate, make perfect)⇨
The waiter recommended a glass of port to complement the➡
cheese.
compliance
부응 일치 따름, , (conformity in fulfilling requirements, readiness⇨
to yield)
The design for the new school had to be in compliance with➡
the local building code.
compliant

순응하는 복종적인, (yielding)⇨
He was compliant and ready to go along with his friend's➡
desires.
complicity
공모 연루, (participation, involvement)⇨
You cannot keep your complicity in this affair secret very➡
long, you would be wise to admit your involvement immediately.
component
부품 부분, (element, ingredient)⇨
I wish all the components of my stereo system were working➡
at the same time.
comport
행동하다 처신하다, (bear one's self, behave)⇨
He comported himself with great dignity➡
composure
액정 집착, (mental calmness)⇨
Even the latest work crisis failed to shake her composure.➡
compound
합성하다 섞다 복리로 계산하다 더 복잡하게 만들다, , , (combine,⇨
constitute, pay interest, increase)
The makers of the popular cold remedy compounded a nasal➡
decongestant with an antihistamine.
comprehensive
종합적인 (thorough, inclusive)⇨
This book provides a comprehensive review of verbal and➡
math skills for the GRE.
compress
압축하다 꽉 조이다, (close, squeeze, contract)⇨
She compressed the package under her arm.➡
compromise

타협하다 조정하다 위협하다 위험에 빠뜨리다, , , (adjust, endanger⇨
the interests or reputation of)
Your presence at the scene of the dispute compromises our➡
claim to neutrality in this matter.
compunction
후회 참회,(remorse)⇨
The judge was especially severe in his sentencing because he➡
felt that the criminal had shown no compunction for his heinous
crime.
compute
계산하다 (reckon, calculate)⇨
He failed to compute the interest, so his bank balance was➡
not accurate.
concatenate
줄지어 연결하다 (link as in a chain)⇨
It is difficult to understand how these events could➡
concatenate as they did without outside assistance.
concave
오목한 움푹 들어간, (hollow)⇨
The back-packers found partial shelter from the storm by➡
huddling against the concave wall of the cliff.
conceit
기행 기발한 생각 지나친 비유, , (whimsical idea, extravagant⇨
metaphor)
He was an entertaining companion, always expressing himself➡
in amusing conceits and witty turns of phrase.
concentric
동심원적인 (having a common center)⇨
The target was made of concentric circles.➡
conception

생각을 품음 개념을 형성함, (beginning, forming of an idea)⇨
At the first conception of the work, he was consulted.➡
concerted
협조적인 힘을 합쳐 이루어진, (mutually agreed on, done⇨
together)
The Girl Scouts in the troop made a concerted effort to raise➡
funds for their annual outing, and emitted a concerted sigh when
their leader announced that they had reached their goal.
concession
양보 (an act of yielding)⇨
Before they could reach an agreement, both sides had to➡
make certain concessions.
conciliatory
화해적인 위무적인 달래는, , (reconciling, soothing)⇨
She was still angry despite his conciliatory words.➡
concise
간결한 간략한, (brief and compact)⇨
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When you define a new word, be concise: the shorter the➡
definition, the easier it is to remember.
conclave
비밀 모임 (private meeting)⇨
He was present at all their conclaves as an unofficial➡
observer.
conclusive
결정적인 (decisive, ending all debate)⇨
When the stolen books turned up in John's locker, we finally➡
had conclusive evidence of the identity of the mysterious thief.
concoct

조리하다 만들어 내다 생각 등을 짜내다, , (prepare by combining,⇨
make up in concert)
How did the inventive chef ever concoct such a strange dish?➡
concomitant
부수물 부수적인, (that which accompanies, accompanying)⇨
Culture is not always a concomitant of wealth.➡
concord
일치 조화, (harmony)⇨
Watching Tweedledum and Tweedledee battle, Alice➡
wondered why the two brothers could not manage to live in
concord.
concur
동의하다 일치하다, (agree)⇨
Did you concur with the decision of the court or did you find➡
it unfair?
concurrent
동시 발생적인 (happening at the same time)⇨
In America, the colonists were resisting the demands of the➡
mother country, at the concurrent moment in France, the middle
class was sowing the seeds of rebellion.
condescend
겸손하게 처신하다 자신을 낮추다, (bestow courtesies with a⇨
superior air)
The king condescended to grant an audience to the friends➡
of the condemned man.
condign
적절한 (adequate, deservedly severe)⇨
The public approved the condign punishment for the crime.➡
condiments
양념 조미료, (seasonings, spices)⇨

Spanish food is full of condiments.➡
confiscate
몰수하다 (seize, commandeer)⇨
The army confiscated all assailable supplies of uranium.➡
contortion
뒤틀림 (deformation)⇨
contraband
암거래 품( ) (smuggled goods,)⇨
contravene
논박하다 모순되다, (oppose, repudiate)⇨
controvert
논박하다 부인하다, . (refute)⇨
contrite
죄를 뉘우치는 (apologetic)⇨
contrived
부자연한 (manufactured, nonnatural)⇨
contumacious
복종하지 않는 고집부리는, (refractory)⇨
contusion
타박상 좌상, (discoloration, shiner)⇨
conundrum
수수께끼 (enigma)⇨
convene
소환하다 (summon)⇨
conventional
전통적인 (traditional)⇨
converge
모이다 집중하다, (meet, approach)⇨
conversant
정통한 잘알고있는, (skilled)⇨

converse
반대 역, (contrary, reverse)⇨
convert
개종자 전향자, (apostate)⇨
convex
볼록면의 (swollen, rounded)⇨
conveyance
운송기관 (transportation)⇨
conviction
신념 확신, (opinion, dogma)⇨
convivial
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연회의 연회를 좋아하는, (sociable, festal)⇨
convoke
회의를 소집하다( ) (meet, gather)⇨
convoluted
얽히고 설킨 복잡한, (snaky, winding, complicated)⇨
copious
방대한 많은, (abundant, ample)⇨
coquette
요염한 여자 바람둥이 여자, . (vamp)⇨
cordon
비상경계선 (barrier, barricate)⇨
cornice
처마 돌림띠⇨
cornucopia
풍요의 뿔 (horn of plenty, abundance)⇨
corollary
결과 필연적 귀결, (aftermath, outcome)⇨

corpulent
뚱뚱한 비대한, (obese, plump)⇨
corporeal
신체의 육신의, (bodily, physical)⇨
correlation
상호관계 (interrelationship)⇨
corroborate
확실하게 하다 확증하다. (prove, verify)⇨
corrosive
부식성의 (corrodible)⇨
corrugated
물결모양의 골진, (fluted, bent into fold)⇨
cosmic
우주의 무한한, (extraterrestrial, interstellar)⇨
coterie
문예 동인 동아리( ) , (clique, faction, camp, crowd)⇨
countenance
에찬성하다 너그럽게보다~ , . (endorse, support, encourage)⇨
countermand
취소하다 소환하다. (recall, call back)⇨
counterpart
서로 보완하는 개 중의 하나 대응하는 것 비슷한 것2 , , (a thing that⇨
completes another, things very much alike)
Night and day are counterparts.➡
coup
장사 사업 등에서의 대성공 쿠데타( , ) , (highly successful action or⇨
sudden attack)
As the news of his coup spread throughout Wall Street, his➡
fellow brokers dropped by to congratulate him.
couple

결혼하다 결합하다 연결하다, , (join, unite,)⇨
The Flying Karamazovs couple expert juggling and amateur➡
joking in their nightclub act.
courier
급사 급한 소식을 전하는 사람 관광 회사의 가이드 여행안내인,,(),.⇨
(messenger)
The publisher sent a special courier to pick up the➡
manuscript.
covenant
계약 서약, (agreement)⇨
We must comply with the terms of the covenant.➡
covert
은밀한 숨겨진 암시된, , (secret, hidden, implied)⇨
She could understand the covert threat in the letter.➡
covetous
턱 없이 탐욕스러운 탐내는 열망하는, , (avaricious, eagerly⇨
desirous of.)
The child was covetous by nature and wanted to take the➡
toys belonging to his classmates.
cow
폭력 따위로 울 으르다 위협하다( ) ~ . . (terrorize, intimidate)⇨
The little boy was so cowed by the hulking bully that he➡
gave up his lunch money without a word of protest.
cower
부끄러움 공포 때문에 움츠리다 위축되다( , ) , (shrink quivering, as⇨
from fear.)
The frightened child cowered in the corner of the room.➡
coy
수줍어하는 요염한, (shy, modest, coquettish)⇨
She was coy in her answers to his offer.➡

cozen
속이다 기만하다, (cheat, hoodwink, swindle)⇨
He was the kind of individual who would cozen his friends in➡
a cheap card game but remain eminently ethical in all his business
dealings.
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crabbed
성미가 까다로운 기분이 언짢은 문제 따위가 난해한, , ( ) (sour,⇨
peevish)
The children avoided the crabbed old man because he➡
scolded them when they made noise.
crass
거친 상스런 우둔한 어리석은, , , (very unrefined, grossly⇨
insensible)
The philosophers deplored the crass commercialism.➡
craven
겁 많은 비겁한 비열한, , (cowardly)⇨
When he saw the enemy troops advancing, he had a craven➡
impulse to run for his life.
credence
믿음 신용 신뢰,,.(belief)⇨
Do not place any credence in his promises.➡
credo
신조 사도신경, (creed)⇨
I believe we may best describe his credo by saying that it➡
approximates the Golden Rule.
credulity
(belief on slight evidence.)⇨
The witch doctor took advantage of the credulity of the➡

superstitious natives.
creed
교의 신조 주의, , . (system of religious of ethical belief)⇨
In any loyal American's creed, love of democracy must be➡
emphasized.
crescendo
점강음 점점세짐 클라이막스, , (increase in the volume or⇨
intensity, as in a musical passage, climax)
The overture suddenly changed from a quiet pastoral theme➡
to a crescendo featuring blaring trumpets and clashing cymbals.
crestfallen
풀이 죽은 의기소침한, , (dejected, dispirited,)⇨
We were surprised at his reaction to the failure of his➡
project, instead of being crestfallen, he was busily engaged in
planning new activities.
cull
고르다 추려내다, (pick out, single out)⇨
Every month the farmer culls the non-laying hens from his➡
flock and sells them to the local butcher.
culmination
최고점 전성기, (attainment of highest point)⇨
His inauguration as president of the United States marked the➡
culmination of his political career.
culpable
비난 받을 만한 과실이 있는, (deserving blame)⇨
Corrupt politicians who condone the activities of the gamblers➡
are equally culpable.
culvert
암거 지하수로, (artificial channel for water)⇨
If we build a culvert under the road, we will reduce the➡

possibility of the road's being flooded during the rainy season.
cumbersome
무거운 다루기 어려운, (heavy, hard to manage)⇨
He was burdened down with cumbersome parcels➡
cumulative
점증적인 누가적인, (growing by addition)⇨
Vocabulary building is a cumulative process.➡
cupidity
탐욕 (greed)⇨
The defeated people could not satisfy the cupidity of the➡
conquerors.
curator
관리자 감독, (superintendent, manager)⇨
The members of the board of trustees of the museum➡
expected the new curator to plan popular events and exhibitions.
curmudgeon
구두쇠 (churlish, mise)⇨
Although he was regarded by many as a curmudgeon, a few➡
of us were aware of his kindnesses and acts of charity.
cursive
흘려 쓴 초서체의, (flowing, running)⇨
In normal writing we run our letters together in cursive form.➡
cursory
피상적인 겉핥기식의, (casual, hastily done)⇨
A cursory exam. of the ruins indicates the possibility of➡
arson.
curtail
단축하다 삭감하다, (shorten, reduce)⇨
During the coal shortage, we must curtail our use of this vital➡
commodity.

cynical
냉소적인 남을 믿지 않는, (skeptical, distrustful of human⇨
motives)
Cynical at all times, he was suspicious of all altruistic actions➡
of others.
cynosure
남의 이목을 끄는 것 찬미의 대상, (the object of general⇨
attention)
As soon as the movie started, she became the cynosure of➡
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all eyes.
dais
귀빈 강연자를 위한 단 연단( , ) , (raised platform for guests of⇨
honor)
When he approached the dais, he was greeted by cheers➡
from the people who has come to honor him.
dally
희롱하다 가지고 놀다 꾸물거리다, , . (trifle with, procrastinate)⇨
Laertes told Ophelia that Hamlet could only dally with her➡
affection.
dank
축축한 습기가 많은,(damp)⇨
The walls of the dungeon were dank and slimy.➡
dapper
산뜻한 말쑥한, (neat and trim)⇨
An excessively dapper soul who could not stand to have a➡
hair out of place.
dappled
얼룩덜룩한 (spotted)⇨

The sunlight filtering through the screens created a dappled➡
effect on the wall.
daub
칠하다 (smear as with paint)⇨
He daubed his paint on the canvas.➡
daunt
위협하다 겁나게 하다, . (intimidate)⇨
Your threats can not daunt me.➡
dauntless
대담한 두려움을 모르는, (bold)⇨
The dauntless soldier volunteered for the assignment.➡
dawdle
시간을 낭비하다 꾸물거리다. . (loiter, waste time)⇨
Inasmuch as we must meet a deadline, do not dawdle over➡
this work.
deadlock
막다른 상태 정체, (standstill, stalemate)⇨
The negotiations had reached a deadlock.➡
deadpan
무표정의 (wooden, impassive)⇨
We wanted to see how long he could maintain his deadpan➡
expression.
dearth
부족 결핍, (scarcity)⇨
The dearth of skilled labor compelled the employers to open➡
trade schools.
debacle
와해 대몰락, (breaking up, downfall)⇨
This debacle in the government can only result in anarchy.➡
debase

인격 따위를 떨어뜨리다( ) (reduce to lower state)⇨
Do not debase yourself by becoming maudlin.➡
debauch
타락시키다 유혹하다, (corrupt, make intemperate)⇨
A vicious newspaper can debauch public ideals.➡
debilitate
약화시키다 (weaken, enfeeble)⇨
Overindulgence debilitates character as well as physical➡
stamina.
debonair
예의가 바른 공손한, (friendly, aiming to please)⇨
The debonair youth was liked by all who met him.➡
debris
파괴물의 파편 잔해( ) , (rubble)⇨
A full year after the earthquake in Mexico, they were still➡
carting away the debris.
debunk
정체를 폭로하다. (expose as false, exaggerated, worthless)⇨
Reporters debunked the candidate's claim that he was a➡
fervent environmentalist.
debutante
첫 무대를 밟는 여배우 (young woman making formal entrance⇨
into society)
As a debutante, she was often mentioned in the society➡
columns of the newspapers.
decadence
쇠퇴 타락, (decay)⇨
The moral decadence of the people was reflected in the lewd➡
literature of the period.
decant

술 따위를 가만히 따르다( ) . (pour off gently)⇨
Be sure to decant this wine before serving it.➡
decapitate
목을 베다 참수형에 처하다, (behead)⇨
They did not hang Lady Jane Grey, they decapitated her.➡
decelerate
감속하다 (slow down)⇨
Seeing the emergency blinkers in the road ahead, he➡
decelerated quickly.
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deciduous
(falling off, as of leaves)⇨
The oak is a deciduous tree.➡
decimate
(kill, usually one out of ten)⇨
We do more to decimate our population in automobile➡
accidents than we do in war.
decipher
암호를 풀다 암호를 해독하다, (decode)⇨
I could not decipher the doctor's handwriting.➡
declivity
내리막 경사, (downward slope)⇨
The children loved to ski down the declivity.➡
decollete
(having a low-cut neckline)⇨
Fashion decrees that evening gowns be decollete this season,➡
bare shoulders are again the vogue.
decomposition
(decay)⇨

Despite the body's advanced state of decomposition, the➡
police were able to identify the murdered man.
decorum
예절 (propriety, seemliness)⇨
Shocked by the unruly behavior, the teacher criticized the➡
class for it's lack of decorum
decoy
(lure or bait)⇨
The wild ducks were not fooled by the decoy.➡
decrepitude
(state of collapse caused by illness or old age)⇨
I was unprepared for the state of decrepitude in which I had➡
found my old friend , he seemed to have aged twenty years in
six months.
decry
비난하다 욕하다 경멸하다, , (express strong disapproval of,⇨
disparage)
The founder of the Children's Defense Fund, Marian Wright➡
Edelman, strongly decries the lack of financial and moral support
for children in America today.
deducible
(derived by reasoning)⇨
If we accept your premise, your conclusions are easily➡
deducible.
deface
(mar, disfigure)⇨
If you deface a library book, you will have to pay a hefty➡
fine.
defamation
(harming a person's reputation.)⇨

Such defamation of character may result in a slander suit.➡
default
(failure to do)⇨
As a result of her husband's failure to appear in court, she➡
was granted a divorce by default
defeatist
(resigned to defeat, accepting defeat as a natural outcome.)⇨
If you maintain your defeatist attitude, you will never➡
succeed.
defection
(desertion)⇨
The children, who had made him an idol, were hurt most by➡
his defection from our cause.
deference
(courteous regard for another's wish)⇨
In deference to his desires, the employers granted him a➡
holiday.
defile
(pollute, propane)⇨
The hoodlums defiled the church with their scurrilous writing.➡
definitive
(most reliable or complete.)⇨
Carl Sandburg's Abraham Lincoln may be regarded as the➡
definitive work on the life of the Great Emancipator.
deflect
(turn aside)⇨
His life was saved when his cigarette case deflected the➡
bullet.
defoliate
(destroy leaves.)⇨

In Vietnam the army made extensive use of chemical agents➡
to defoliate the woodlands.
defray
(provide for the payment of)⇨
Her employer offered to defray the costs of her postgraduate➡
education
defrock
(to strip a priest or minister of church authority)⇨
We knew the minister had violated church regulations, but we➡
had not realized his offense was serious enough to cause him to
be defrocked.
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deft
(neat, skillful)⇨
The deft waiter uncorked the champagne without spilling a➡
drop.
defunct
(dead, no longer in use or existence)⇨
The lawyers sought to examine the books of the defunct➡
corporation.
degenerate
(become worse, deteriorate)⇨
As the fight dragged on, the champion's style degenerated➡
until he could barely keep on his feet.
degraded
(lowed in rank, debased)⇨
The degraded wretch spoke only of his past glories and➡
honors.
dehydrate

(remove water from, dry out)⇨
Vigorous dancing quickly dehydrates the body, between➡
dances, be sure to drink more water than normal.
deify
(turn into a god, idolize)⇨
Admire the rock star all you want, just don't deify him.➡
deign
(condescend)⇨
He felt that he would debase himself if he deigned to answer➡
his critics.
delete
(erase, strike out)⇨
If you delete this paragraph, the composition will have more➡
appeal.
deleterious
(harmful)⇨
Workers in nuclear research must avoid the deleterious effects➡
of radioactive substances.
deliberate
(consider, ponder)⇨
Offered the new job, she asked for time to deliberate before➡
she made her decision.
delineate
(portray)⇨
He is a powerful storyteller, but he is weakest when he➡
attempts to delineate character.
delirium
(mental disorder marked by confusion)⇨
The drunkard in his delirium saw strange animals.➡
delta

(flat plain of mud or sand between branches of a river)⇨
His dissertation discussed the effect of intermittent flooding➡
on the fertility of Nile delta.
delude
(deceive)⇨
Do not delude yourself into believing that he will relent.➡
deluge
(flood, rush)⇨
When we advertised the position, we received a deluge of➡
applications.
delusion
(false belief, hallucination)⇨
This scheme is a snare and a delusion.➡
delusive
(deceptive, raising vain hopes.)⇨
Do not raise your hopes on the basis of his delusive➡
promises.
delve
(dig, investigate)⇨
Delving into old books and manuscripts is part of a➡
researcher's job.
demagogue
(person who appeals to people's prejudice, false leader)⇨
He was accused of being a demagogue because he made➡
premises that aroused futile hopes in his listeners.
demean
품위를 떨어뜨리다 수치를 주다, (degrade, humiliate)⇨
He felt that he would demean himself if he replied to the➡
scurrilous letter.
derogatory

품위가 없는 품위를 손상시키는, (expressing a low opinion)⇨
I resent your derogatory remarks.➡
descry
식별하다 알아보다, (catch sight of)⇨
In the distance, we could barely descry the enemy vessels.➡
desecrate
신성함을 더럽히다 (profane, violate the sanctity of)⇨
The soldiers desecrated the temple.➡
desiccate
습기를 제거하다 (dry up)⇨
A tour of this smokehouse will give you an idea of how the➡
pioneers used to desiccate food in order to preserve it.
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desolate
황폐케하다 저버리다, (rob of joy, lay waste to, forsake)⇨
The bandits desolated the countryside, burning farms and➡
carrying off the harvest.
despicable
비열한 경멸스런, (contemptible)⇨
Your despicable remarks call for no reply.➡
despise
경멸하다 (scorn)⇨
I despise your attempts at a reconciliation at this time and➡
refuse to meet you.
despoil
약탈하다 (plunder)⇨
If you do not yield, I am afraid the enemy will despoil the➡
countryside.
despondent

낙심한 풀이 죽은, (depressed, gloomy, despondency)⇨
To the dismay of his parents, he became more and more➡
despondent every day.
despotism
압제 독제 억압, , (tyranny)⇨
The people rebelled against the despotism of the king.➡
destitute
가난한 궁핍한, (extremely poor)⇨
The illness left the family destitute.➡
desuetude
무용 쓰이지 않음, (disused condition)⇨
The machinery in the idle factory was in a state of➡
desuetude.
desultory
체계성이 없는 마구잡이식의, (aimless, unsystematic, jumping⇨
around)
The animals' desultory behavior indicated that they had no➡
awareness of their predicament.
detached
공정한 초연한, (emotionally removed, calm and objective,⇨
indifferent.)
A psychoanalyst must maintain a detached point of view and➡
stay uninvolved with her patients' personal lives.
detergent
세제 (cleansing agent)⇨
Many new detergents have replaced soap.➡
determinate
확정적인 확고한, (having a fixed order of procedure,⇨
invariable)
At the royal wedding, the procession of the nobles followed➡

a determinate order of precedence.
deterrent
방해물 (something that discourages, hindrance)⇨
Does the threat of capital punishment serve as a deterrent to➡
potential killers?
detonation
폭발 (explosion)⇨
The detonation could be heard miles away.➡
detraction
중상 비방, (slandering, aspersion)⇨
He is offended by your frequent detractions from his ability➡
as a leader.
detriment
해저해방해, , (harm, damage)⇨
Your acceptance of his support will ultimately prove to be a➡
detriment rather than an aid to your cause.
detrimental
해로운 (harmful, damaging.)⇨
Your acceptance of her support will ultimately prove➡
detrimental rather than helpful to your cause.
deviate
일탈하다 벗어나다, (turn away from)⇨
Do not deviate from the truth.➡
devious
일탈적인 비정상적인 악한, , (going astray, erratic)⇨
Your devious behavior in this matter puzzles me since you are➡
usually direct and straightforward.
devoid
결핍된 없는 부족한, , (lacking)⇨
He was devoid of any personal desire for gain in his➡

endeavor to secure improvement in the community.
devolve
위임하다 맡기다, (deputize, pass to others)⇨
It devolved upon us, the survivors, to arrange peace terms➡
with the enemy.
devotee
헌신자 열성자, (enthusiastic follower)⇨
A devotee of the opera, he bought season tickets every➡
year.
devout
독신한 헌신적인, (pious)⇨
The devout man prayed daily.➡
dexterous
솜씨좋은 능란한, (skillful)⇨
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The magician was so dexterous that we could not follow his➡
movements as he performed his tricks.
dextrous
솜씨가 좋은 손재주가 좋은, (skillful)⇨
The magician was so dextrous that we could not follow his➡
movements as he performed his tricks.
diabolical
사악한 악마의, (devilish)⇨
This scheme is so diabolical that I must reject it.➡
diadem
왕관 (crown)⇨
The king's diadem was on display at the museum.➡
dialectic
논리적 토론술 변증법, (art of debate)⇨

I am not skilled in dialectic and, therefore, cannot answer➡
your arguments as forcefully as I wish.
diaphanous
투명한 비치는, (sheer, transparent)⇨
They saw the burglar clearly through the diaphanous curtain.➡
diatribe
통렬한 비난 (bitter scolding, invective)⇨
During the lengthy diatribe delivered by his opponent he➡
remained calm and self-controlled.
dichotomy
분지 나누어짐, (branching into two parts)⇨
The dichotomy of our legislative system provides us with➡
many safeguards.
dictum
선언 언명, (authoritative and weighty statement)⇨
She repeated the statement as though it were the dictum of➡
the most expert worker in the group.
didactic
교훈적인 훈시적인, (teaching, instructional, preaching or⇨
moralizing)
The didactic qualities of his poetry overshadow its literary➡
qualities, the lesson he teaches is more memorable than the lines.
die
금형 (device for stamping or impressing, mold)⇨
In coining pennies, workers at the old mint squeezed sheets➡
of softened copper between two dies.
diffidence
자신 없음 수줍음, (shyness)⇨
You must overcome your diffidence if you intend to become➡
a salesperson.

diffusion
확산 (wordiness, spreading in all directions like a gas.)⇨
Your composition suffers from a diffusion of ideas, try to be➡
more compact.
digression
본론에서 벗어남 (wandering away from the subject)⇨
Nobody minded when Professor Renoir's lectures wandered➡
away from their official theme, his digressions were always more
fascinating than the topic of the day.
dilapidated
황폐한 파손된, (ruined because of neglect)⇨
We felt that the dilapidated building needed several coats of➡
paint.
dilate
팽창시키다 (expand)⇨
In the dark, the pupils of your eyes dilate.➡
dilatory
꾸물거리는 지체하는, (delaying)⇨
Your dilatory tactics may compel me to cancel the contract.➡
dilatory
꾸물거리는 지체하는, (delaying)⇨
Your dilatory tactics may compel me to cancel the contract.➡
dilemma
궁지 (problem, choice of two unsatisfactory alternatives)⇨
In this dilemma, he knew no one to whom he could turn for➡
advice.
dishearten
낙심시키다 용기를 잃게 하다, (discourage)⇨
His failure to pass the bar exam disheartened him.➡
disheveled

머리털이 흐트러진 헝클어진 옷차림이 단정치 못한( ) , , (untidy)⇨
Your disheveled appearance will hurt your chances in the➡
interview.
disinclination
마음이 내키지 않음 싫증, (unwillingness)⇨
Some mornings I feel a great disinclination to get our of bed.➡
disingenuous
엉큼한 음흉한 계산적인 부정직한, , , (not naive, sophisticated)⇨
Although he was young, his remarks indicated that he was➡
disingenuous.
disinter
을 땅속 무덤에서 파내다~ ( , ) (dig up, unearth)⇨
They disinterred the body and held an autopsy.➡
disinterested
사심이 없는 편견이 없는 공평한 냉담한, , , (unprejudiced)⇨
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The only disinterested person in the room was the judge.➡
disjointed
관절이 퉁겨진 혼란한 체계가 서지 않은, , (disconnected)⇨
His remarks were so disjointed that we could not follow his➡
reasoning.
dislodge
제거하다 없애다, (remove forcibly)⇨
dismantle
가구 기구 설비를 제거하다 철거하다 분해하다( , , ) , , . (take apart)⇨
When the show closed, they dismantled the scenery before➡
storing it.
dismember
팔 다리를 따로따로 하다 나라 등을 분할 해체하다,,,(cutinto⇨

small parts)
When the Austrian Empire was dismembered, several new➡
countries were established.
dismiss
포기하다 제거하다 잊어버리다, , (put away from consideration,⇨
reject)
Believing in John's love for her, she dismissed the notion that➡
he might be unfaithful.
disparage
깔보다 과소평가하다 헐뜯다 비난하다, , , (belittle)⇨
do not disparage anyone's contribution , these little gifts add➡
up to large sums
disparate
이종의 본질적으로 다른 연관이 없는, , (basically different,⇨
unrelated)
It is difficult, if not impossible, to organize these disparate➡
elements into a coherent whole.
disparity
불일치 불평등 불균형, , (difference, condition of inequality)⇨
The disparity in their ages made no difference at all.➡
dispassionate
감정에 흔들리지 않는 냉정한 공정한, , (calm, impartial)⇨
In a dispassionate analysis of the problem, he carefully➡
examined the causes of the conflict and proceeded to suggest
suitable remedies.
dispatch
일 따위의 재빠른 처리 신속함 급속 공문서( ) , , (speediness,⇨
prompt execution, message sent with all due speed)
Young Napoleon defeated the enemy with all possible➡
dispatch, he then sent a dispatch to headquarters, informing his

commander of the great victory.
dispel
쫓아버리다 사방으로 흩어지게 하다, (scatter)⇨
The police fired tear gas into the crowd to disperse the➡
protesters.
disperse
을 흩어지게 하다 산란시키다 산개시키다~ , , (scatter)⇨
The police fired the tear gas into the crowd to disperse the➡
protesters.
dispirited
기가 꺽인 풀이 죽은, (lacking in spirit)⇨
The coach used all the tricks at his command to buoy up the➡
enthusiasm of his team, which had become dispirited at the loss
of the star player.
disport
흥겹게 놀다 즐기다 장난하다,, (amuse)⇨
The popularity of Florida as a winter resort is constantly➡
increasing, each year, thousands more disport themselves at
Miami Palm Beach.
disputatious
논쟁적인 논쟁을 좋아하는 논쟁하는 대상이 되는, , (argumentative,⇨
fond of argument)
People avoided discussing contemporary problems with him➡
because of his disputatious manner.
disquisition
탐구 논문 논고, , (a formal systematic inquiry, an explanation of⇨
the results of a formal inquiry)
In his disquisition, he outlined the steps he had taken in➡
reaching his conclusions.
dissection

절개 해부 해체 분석, , , (analysis, cutting apart in order to⇨
examine)
the dissection of frogs in the laboratory is particularly➡
unpleasant to some students.
dissemble
숨기다 가장하다, (disguise, pretend)⇨
Even though you are trying to dissemble your motive in➡
joining this group, we can see through your pretense.
disseminate
퍼트리다 전파하다, (scatter(like seeds))⇨
The invention of the radio has helped propagandists to➡
disseminate their favorite doctrines very easily.
dissent
의견을 달리하다 동의하지 않다, . (disagree)⇨
In the recent Supreme Court decision, Justice Marshall➡
dissented from the majority opinion.
dissertation
특히 박사학위 논문 논설(),(formalessay)⇨
In order to earn a graduate degree from many of our➡
universities, a candidate is frequently required to prepare a
dissertation on some scholarly subject.
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dissident
의견을 달리하는 반대하는, (dissenting, rebellious)⇨
In the purge that followed the student demonstrations at➡
Tianamen Square, the government hunted down the dissident
students and their supporters.
dissimulate
감정 등을 숨기다 인체 하다( ) , ~ (pretend, conceal by feigning)⇨

She tried to dissimulate her grief by her exuberant attitude.➡
dissipate
구름 안개 따위를 흩뜨리다 낭비하다 탕진하다( , ) , , (squander)⇨
The young man quickly dissipated his inheritance and was➡
soon broke.
dissolution
분리 해체 해산, , (disintegration, looseness in morals)⇨
The profligacy and dissolution of life in Caligula's Rome appall➡
some historians.
dissonance
불협화음 부조화, (discord)⇨
some contemporary musicians deliberately use dissonance to➡
achieve certain effects.
dissuade
충고하여 단념시키다 (advise against)⇨
He could not dissuade his friend from joining the conspirators.➡
distant
거리적으로 떨어진 먼 태도가 쌀쌀한( ) , , (reserved or aloof, could⇨
in manner)
His distant greeting made me feel unwelcome from the start.➡
distend
팽창시키다 부풀다, (expand, swell out)⇨
I can tell when he is under stress by the way the veins➡
distend on his forehead.
distill
증류하다 정제하다 만들다, , (purify, refine, concentrate)⇨
A moonshiner distills mash into whisky, an epigrammatist➡
distills thoughts into quips.
distortion
왜곡 뒤틀린 상태 곡해, , (twisting out of shape)⇨

It is difficult to believe the newspaper accounts of this event➡
because of the distortions and exaggerations written by the
reporters.
distrait
멍한 방심상태의, (absent-minded)⇨
because of his concentration on the problem, the professor➡
often appeared distrait and unconcerned about routine.
distraught
마음이 산란한 미친 듯한, (upset, distracted by anxiety)⇨
The distraught parents frantically searched the ravine for their➡
lost child.
diurnal
매일의 날마다의 대낮의 하루 동안의, , , (daily)⇨
A farmer cannot neglect his diurnal tasks at any time, cows,➡
for example, must be milked regularly.
diva
가극의주역여성가수 프리마돈나, (operatic singer, prima⇨
donna)
Although world famous as a diva, she did not indulge in fits➡
of temperament.
diverge
갈라져 나오다 분기하다, (vary, go in different directions from⇨
the same point)
The spokes of the wheel diverge from the hub.➡
divergent
벗어난 이탈하는 갈라지는 분기하는, , , (differing, deviating)⇨
The two witnesses presented the jury with remarkably➡
divergent accounts of the same episode.
divest
벗기다 박탈하다, (strip, deprive)⇨

He was divested of his power to act➡
divination
마력의 도움으로 미래를 예시함 (foreseeing the future with the⇨
aid of magic)
I base my opinions not on any special gift of divination but➡
on the laws of probability
divulge
폭로하다 (reveal)⇨
I will not tell you this news because I am sure you will➡
divulge it prematurely
docile
순종하는 쉽게 조종되는, (obedient, easily managed)⇨
As docile as he seems today, that old lion was once a➡
ferocious, snarling beast.
docket
미결소송사건 일람표 (program, as for trial, book where such⇨
entries are made)
The case of Smith vs. Jones was entered in the docket for➡
July 15.
doddering
흔들리는 늙어서 떨리는, (shaky, infirm from old age)⇨
Although he is not as yet a doddering and senile old man,➡
his ideas and opinions no longer can merit the respect we gave
them years ago.
doff
벗다 (take off)⇨
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He doffed his hat to the lady➡
doggerel

보잘것 없는 시 (poor verse)⇨
Although we find occasional snatches of genuine poetry in his➡
writing is mere doggerel.
dogmatic
적극적인 독단적인, (arbitrary, dictatorial)⇨
Do not be so dogmatic about that statement, it can be easily➡
refuted.
dolorous
슬픔에 찬 (sorrowful)⇨
He found the dolorous lamentations of the bereaved family➡
emotionally disturbing and he left as quickly as he could.
dolt
바보같은 사람 (stupid person)⇨
I thought I was talking to a mature audience, instead, I find➡
myself addressing a pack of dolts and idiots.
domicile
집주소, (home)⇨
Although his legal domicile was in New York city, his work➡
kept him away from his residence for many years.
dormant
잠자는 혼수상태의 동면한, , (sleeping, lethargic, torpid)⇨
Sometimes dormant talents in our friends surprise those of us➡
who never realized how gifted acquaintances really were.
dorsal
동물의 등의 (relating to the back of an animal)⇨
A shark may be identified by its dorsal in which projects➡
above the surface of the ocean.
dotage
노쇠 망령, (senility)⇨
In his dotage, the old man bored us with long tales of➡

events in his childhood.
doughty
용기있는 (courageous)⇨
Many folk tales have sprung up about this doughty pioneer➡
who opened up the New World for his followers.
dour
부루뚱한 완고한, (sullen, stubborn)⇨
The man was dour and taciturn.➡
dregs
침전물 무가치한 잔재, (sediment, worthless residue)⇨
The dregs of society may be observed in this slum area of➡
the city.
droll
이상하고 즐거운 (queer and amusing)⇨
He was a popular guest because his droll anecdotes were➡
always entertaining.
dross
폐기물 무가치한 불순물, (waste matter, worthless impurities)⇨
Many methods have been devised to separate the valuable➡
metal from the dross.
drudgery
힘든 육체노동 (menial work)⇨
Cinderella's fairy godmother rescued her from a life of➡
drudgery.
dubious
의심스런 (doubtful)⇨
He has the dubious dictation of being the lowest ranked➡
member of his class.
duenna
소녀 감독부 여성보호자, (attendant of young female,⇨

chaperone)
Their romance could not flourish because of the presence of➡
her duenna.
dulcet
감미로운 소리가 나는 (sweet sounding)⇨
The dulcet sounds of the birds at dawn were soon drowned➡
out by the roar of traffic passing our motel.
duplicity
이중성 위선, (double-dealing, hypocrisy)⇨
People were shocked and dismayed when they learned of his➡
duplicity in this affair for he had always seemed honest and
straightforward.
durance
억제 감금, (restraint, imprisonment)⇨
The lecturer spoke of a "durance vile" to describe his years➡
in the prison camp.
eclectic
취사선택하는 절충주의의 취미등이 다방면에 걸친, , ( ) (selective.⇨
composed of elements drawn from disparate sources.)
His style of interior decoration was eclectic : bits and pieces➡
of furnishings from widely divergent periods, strikingly juxtaposed
to create a unique decor.
finite
한정된 (limited)⇨
It is difficult for humanity with its finite existence to grasp the➡
infinite.
firebrand
횃불 말썽꾼, (hothead, troublemaker)⇨
The police tried to keep track of all the local firebrands when➡
the President came to town.

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fissure
갈라진 틈 (crevice)⇨
The mountain climbers secured footholds in tiny fissures in the➡
rock.
fitful
발작적인 단속적인, (spasmodic, intermittent)⇨
After several fitful attempts, he decided to postpone the➡
start of the project until he felt more energetic.
flag
축 늘어지다 시들다, (droop, grow feeble)⇨
When the opposing hockey team scored its third goal only➡
minutes into the first quarter, the home team's knotted flagged.
flagellate
채찍질하다 힐난하다, (flog, whip)⇨
The Romans used to flagellate criminals with a whip that had➡
three violations of the rules.
flagrant
극악한 (conspicuously wicked)⇨
We cannot condone such flagrant violations of the rules.➡
flail
도리깨질하다 (thresh grain by hand, strike or slap)⇨
In medieval times, warriors flailed their foe with a metal ball➡
attached to a handle.
flair
재능 (talent)⇨
She has an uncanny flair for discovering new artists before➡
the public has become aware of their existence.
flamboyant

화려한 (ornate)⇨
Modern architecture has discarded the flamboyant trimming➡
on buildings and emphasizes simplicity of line.
flaunt
과시하다 (display ostentatiously)⇨
She is not one of those actresses who flaunt their physical➡
charms, she can act.
fledgling
미숙한 (inexperienced)⇨
While it is necessary to provide these fledgling poets with an➡
opportunity to present their work, it is not essential that we
admire everything they write.
fleece
양털 (wool coat of a sheep)⇨
They shear sheep of their fleece, which they then comb into➡
separate strands of wool.
flippancy
경솔 (trifling gaiety)⇨
Your flippancy at this serious moment is offensive.➡
flippant
경솔한 건방진, (lacking proper seriousness)⇨
When Mark told Mona he loved her, she dismissed his➡
earnest declaration with a flippant "Oh, you say that to all the
girls!"
flit
재빨리 날아가다 날아가다, (dart lightly, pass swiftly by, fly)⇨
Like a bee flitting from flower to flower, Rose flitted from➡
one boyfriend to the next
floe
유빙 (mass of floating ice)⇨

The ship made slow progress as it battered its way through➡
the ice floes
flora
한지역또는한시대에특유한식물군[ ] [ ] (plants of a region or⇨
era)
Because she was a botanist, she spent most of her time➡
studying the flora of the desert
florid
붉그레한 붉은, (ruddy, reddish, flowery)⇨
If you go to Florida and get a sunburn, your complexion will➡
look florid.
flotsam
표류하는 부스러기 쓰레기[ ] (drifting wreckage)⇨
Beachcombers eke out a living by salvaging the flotsam and➡
jetsam of the sea
flounder
몸부림치다 서툴게 진행하다, (struggle and thrash about,⇨
proceed clumsily or falter)
Up to his knees in the bog, Floyd floundered about, trying to➡
regain his footing
flourish
번성하다 잘 자라다, (grow well, prosper, make sweeping⇨
gestures)
The orange trees flourished in the sun➡
flout
거부하다 비웃다 무시하다, , (reject, mock)⇨
The headstrong youth flouted all authority, he refused to be➡
curbed
fluctuate
흔들리다 이동하다, (waver, shift)⇨

The water pressure in out shower fluctuates widely, you start➡
rinsing yourself off with a trickle, and two minutes later a blast of
water nearly knocks you off your feet. I'll never get used to
these fluctuations
fluency
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유창함 달변, (smoothness of speech)⇨
She spoke French with fluency and ease➡
fluke
요행수 (unlikely occurrence, stroke of fortune)⇨
When Douglas defeated Tyson for the heavyweight➡
championship, some sportscasters dismissed his victory as a fluke
fluster
당황하게 만들다 (confuse)⇨
The teacher's sudden question flustered him and he➡
stammered his reply
fluted
홈이 있는 (having vertical parallel grooves as in a pillar)⇨
All that remained of the ancient building were the fluted➡
columns
flux
흐름 (flowing, series of changes)⇨
While conditions are in such a state of flux, I do not wish to➡
commit myself too deeply in this affair
flux
흐름 (flowing, series of changes)⇨
While conditions are in such a state of flux, I do not wish to➡
commit myself too deeply in this affair
fodder

가축의 먹이 (coarse food for cattle, horses, etc)⇨
One of Nancy's chores at the ranch was to put fresh supplies➡
of fodder in the horses' stalls
foible
사소한 실수 (weakness, slight fault)⇨
We can overlook the foibles of our friends, no one is perfect➡
foil
대조 (contrast)⇨
In Star Wars, dark, evil Darth Vader is a perfect foil for➡
fair-haired, naive Luke Skywalker
foist
몰래 써넣다 떠맡기다 속여서 팔다, , (insert improperly, palm off)⇨
I will not permit you to foist such ridiculous idea upon the➡
membership of this group
foliage
잎전부( ) (masses of leaves)⇨
Every autumn before the leaves fell he promised himself he➡
would drive through New England to admire the colorful fall
foliage
foment
선동하다 유발하다, (stir up, instigate)⇨
Cher's archenemy Heather spread some nasty rumors that➡
fomented trouble in the club. Do you think Cher's foe meant to
foment such discord?
foolhardy
무모한 무작정한,(rash)⇨
Don't be foolhardy. Get the advice of experienced people➡
before undertaking this venture
foppish
멋 부리는 맵시내는, (vain about dress and appearance)⇨

He tried to imitate the foppish manner of the young men of➡
the court
foray
습격 공습,(raid)⇨
The company staged a midnight foray against the enemy➡
outpost
forbearance
인내 (patience)⇨
We must forbearance in dealing with him because he is still➡
weak from his illness
ford
여울 (place where a river can be crossed on foot)⇨
Rather than risk using the shaky rope bridge, David walked a➡
half-mile downstream until he came to the nearest ford
forebears
조상 (ancestors)⇨
Reverence for one's forebears(sometimes referred to as➡
ancestor worship) plays an important part in many Oriental
cultures
foreboding
육감 예감 불길한 일의 전조, , (premonition of evil)⇨
Suspecting no conspiracies against him, Caesar gently ridiculed➡
his wife's foreboding about the Ides of March
forensic
법정의 변론의 토론의, , (suitable to debate or courts of law)⇨
In her best forensic manner, the lawyer addressed the jury➡
foreshadow
예시하다 징조를 보이다 의 전조가 되다, , - (give an indication⇨
beforehand, portend, prefigure)
In retrospect, political analysts realized that Yeltsin's defiance➡

of the attempted coup foreshadowed his emergence as the
dominant figure of the new Russian republic
foresight
예지 (ability to foresee future happenings, prudence)⇨
A wise investor, she had the foresight to buy land just➡
before the current real estate boom
forestall
방지하다 (prevent by taking action in advance)⇨
By setting up a prenuptial agreement, the prospective bride➡
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and groom hoped to forestall any potential arguments about
money in the event of a divorce
forgo
포기하다 (give up, do without)⇨
Determined to lose weight for the summer, Ida decided to➡
forgo dessert until she could fit into a size eight again
forlorn
슬프고 외로운 비참한, (sad and lonely, wretched)⇨
Deserted by her big sisters and her friends, the forlorn child➡
sat sadly on the steps awaiting their return
formality
의례 형식적임, (ceremonious quality, something done just for⇨
form's sake)
The president received the visiting heads of state with due➡
formality: flags waving, honor guards standing at attention, bands
playing anthems at full blast. Signing this petition is a mere
formality, it does not
obligate you in any way
formidable

위협적인 (menacing, threatening)⇨
We must not treat the battle lightly for we are facing a➡
formidable foe
forsake
버리다 포기하다, (desert, abandon, renounce)⇨
No one expected Foster to forsake his wife and children and➡
run off with another woman
forswear
포기하다 (renounce, abandon)⇨
The captured knight could escape death only if he agreed to➡
forswear christianity and embrace Islam as the one true faith
forte
장점 장기 특기, , (strong point or special talent)⇨
I'm not eager to play this rather serious role, for my forte is➡
comedy
forthright
직접적인 솔직한, (straightforward, direct, frank)⇨
I prefer Jill's forthright approach to Jack's tendency to beat➡
around the bush
fortitude
용감 용기, (bravery, courage)⇨
He was awarded the medal for his fortitude in the battle➡
fortuitous
우연히 (accidental, by chance)⇨
Though he pretend their encounter was fortuitous, he'd➡
actually been hanging around her usual haunts for the past two
weeks, hoping she'd turn up
foster
기르다 양육하다 조장하다, , (rear, encourage)⇨
According to the legend, Romulus and Remus were fostered➡

by a she-wolf that raised the abandoned infants as her own
founder
완전히 실패하다 침몰하다 회사나 협회 등의 발기인, , ( ) (fail⇨
completely, sink, person who establishes(an organization,
business))
After beating the submerged iceberg, the Titanic started➡
taking in water rapidly and soon foundered, Among those
drowned when the Titanic sank was the founder of Abraham &
Straus chain
fracas
혼란 혼전 난투, , (brawl, melee)⇨
The military police stopped the fracas in the bar and arrested➡
the belligerents
fractious
날뛰는 고분고분하지 않은 규칙을 지키지 않는, , (unruly)⇨
The fractious horse unseated its rider➡
frail
허약한 가냘픈 부서지기 쉬운, , (weak)⇨
The delicate child seemed too frail to lift the heavy carton➡
franchise
사용권 독점판매권 선거권, , (right granted by authority, right to⇨
vote, license to sell a product in a particular territory)
The city issue a franchise to the company to operate surface➡
transit lines on the streets for 99 years , For most of American
history women lacked the right to vote: not until the early
twentieth century was the
franchise granted to women , Stan owns a Carvel's ice cream
franchise in Chinatown
frantic
미친 듯한 광란한 지독한,, (wild)⇨

At the time of the collision, many people became frantic with➡
fear
fraudulent
사기의 (cheating, deceitful)⇨
The government seeks to prevent fraudulent and misleading➡
advertising
fraught
으로 찬 을 내포한~ , ~ (filled)⇨
Since this enterprise is fraught with danger, I will ask for➡
volunteers who are willing to assume the risks
fray
소란 말다툼 언쟁,,(brawl)⇨
The three musketeers were in the thick of the fray➡
frenetic
미친 광적인, (frenzied, frantic)⇨
His frenetic activities convinced us that he had no organized➡
plan of operation
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frenzied
광적인 열광적인, (madly excited)⇨
As soon as they smelled smoke, the frenzied animals milled➡
about in their cages
fresco
프레스코화법 회반죽 위에 그리는 수채화법( ) (painting on plaster)⇨
The cathedral is visited by many tourists who wish to admire➡
the frescoes by Giotto
fret
귀찮게하다 속타게 하다 초조하게 하다, , (to be annoyed or⇨
vexed)

To fret over your poor grades is foolish, instead, decide to➡
work harder in the future
friction
의견 충돌 마찰 불화( ) , , (clash in opinion, rubbing against)⇨
At this time when harmony is essential, we cannot afford to➡
have any friction in our group
frieze
소벽 조각으로 장식한 경우가 많음 띠 모양의 장식( ), (ornamental⇨
band on a wall)
The frieze of the church was adorned with sculpture➡
frigid
몹시 추운 (intensely cold)⇨
Alaska is in the frigid zone➡
fritter
낭비하다 (waste)⇨
He could not apply himself to any task and frittered away his➡
time in idle conversation
frivolous
천박한 경박한 사소한, , (lacking in seriousness, self-indulgently⇨
carefree, relatively unimportant)
Though Nancy enjoyed Bill's frivolous, lighthearted➡
companionship, she sometimes wondered whether he could ever
be serious
frolicsome
쾌활한 명랑한 장난을 좋아하는, , (prankish, gay)⇨
The frolicsome puppy tried to lick the face of its master➡
frond
양치류 식물의 잎 (fern leaf, palm or banana leaf)⇨
After the storm the beach was littered with the fronds of➡
palm trees

fructify
열매를 맺다 (bear fruit)⇨
This peach tree should fructify in three years➡
frugality
절약 (thrift, economy)⇨
In these economically difficult days business must practice➡
frugality or risk bankruptcy
fruition
결실 실현, (bearing of fruit, fulfillment, realization)⇨
This building marks the fruition of all our aspirations and years➡
of hard work
frustrate
방해하다 좌절시키다, (thwart, defeat)⇨
We must frustrate this dictator's plan to seize control of the➡
government
fugitive
사라져 없어져 버리는( ) (fleeting or transitory, roving)⇨
The film brought a few fugitive images to her mind, but on➡
the whole it made no lasting impression upon her
fulcrum
지렛목 지레받침, (support on which a lever rests)⇨
If we use this stone as a fulcrum and the crowbar as a lever,➡
we may be able to move this boulder
fulminate
폭발음을 내다 소리 지르다 야단치다, , (thunder, explode)⇨
The people against whom she fulminated were innocent of➡
any wrongdoing
fulsome
지나친 집요한, (disgustingly excessive)⇨
His fulsome praise of the dictator annoyed his listeners➡

functionary
공무원 (official)⇨
As his case was transferred from one functionary to another,➡
he began to despair of ever reaching a settlement
fundamental
기본적인 근원의, (basic, primary, essential)⇨
The committee discussed all sorts of side issues without ever➡
getting down to addressing the fundamental problem
funereal
슬픈 장송의, (sad, solemn)⇨
I fail to understand why there is such a funereal atmosphere,➡
we have lost a battle, not a war
furor
열광 격렬한 감격, (frenzy, great excitement)⇨
The story of her embezzlement of the funds created a furor➡
on the stock exchange
furtive
몰래 하는 은밀한, (stealthy, sneaky)⇨
Nothing the furtive glance the customer gave the diamond➡
bracelet on the counter, the jeweler wondered whether he had a
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potential shoplifter on his hands
fusillade
일제 사격 질문 비난의 연발, ( , ) (simultaneous firing or⇨
outburst(of missiles, questions, etc))
Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture concludes with a thunderous➡
fusillade of cannon fire
fusion
융해 연합, (union, coalition)⇨

The opponents of the political party in power organized a➡
fusion of disgruntled groups and became an important element in
the election
futile
효과없는 쓸데없는 무익한, , (useless, hopeless, ineffectual,⇨
trifling)
It is futile for me to try to get any work done around here➡
while the telephone is ringing every 30 seconds
gadfly
등에 귀찮은 사람, (animal-biting fly, an irritating person)⇨
Like a gadfly, he irritated all the guests at the hotel, within➡
forty-eight hours, everyone regarded him as an annoying
busybody
gaffe
사교 외교상의 과실 실수( , ) , (social blunder)⇨
According to Miss Manners, to call your husband by your➡
lover's name is worse than a mere gaffe, it is a tactical mistake
germinate
싹이 트다 (cause to sprout, sprout)⇨
After the seeds germinate and develop their permanent➡
leaves, the plants may be removed from the cold frames and
transplanted to the garden.
gerrymander
자기 당에 유리하게 개정하다 (change voting district lines in⇨
order to favor a political party)
The illogical pattern of the map of this congressional district is➡
proof that the State Legislature gerrymandered this area in order
to favor the majority party.
gestate
을회태하다~ (evolve, as in prenatal growth)⇨

While this scheme was being gestated by the conspirators,➡
they maintained complete silence about their intentions.
gesticulation
몸짓하기 (motion, gesture)⇨
Operatic performers are trained to make exaggerated➡
gesticulation because of the large auditoriums in which they
appear.
ghastly
무시무시한 (horrible)⇨
The murdered man was a ghastly sight.➡
gibber
영문 모를 말을 지껄이다 (speak foolishly)⇨
The demented man gibbered incoherently.➡
gibbet
교수대 (gallows)⇨
The bodies of the highwaymen were left dangling from the➡
gibbet as a warning to other would-be transgressors.
gibe
놀려대다 (mock)⇨
As you gibe at their superstitious beliefs, do you realize that➡
you, too, are guilty of similarly foolish thoughts?
giddy
현기증 나는 아찔한, (light-hearted, dizzy)⇨
He felt his giddy youth was past.➡
gingerly
아주 신중하게 (very carefully)⇨
She was asked to give the gist of the essay in two➡
sentences.
gist
요점 (essence)⇨

She was asked to give the gist of the essay in two➡
sentences.
glaze
유리를 끼우다 (cover with a thin and shiny surface)⇨
The freezing rain glazed the streets and made driving➡
hazardous.
glean
줍다 (gather leavings)⇨
After the crops had been harvested by the machines, the➡
peasants were permitted to glean the wheat left in the fields.
glib
말 잘하는 (fluent)⇨
He is a glib speaker.➡
gloat
고소한 듯이 바라보다 자못 흡족한 듯이 바라보다, (express evil⇨
satisfaction, view malevolently)
As you gloat over your ill-gotten wealth, do you think of the➡
many victims you have defrauded?
glossy
광택이 나는 (smooth and shining)⇨
I want this photograph printed on glossy paper.➡
glower
상을 찡그리다 (scowl)⇨
The angry boy glowered at his father.➡
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glut
과도하게 공급하다 과도하게 채우다, (overstock, fill to excess)⇨
The many manufacturers glutted the market and could not➡
find purchasers for the many articles they had produced.

glutinous
아교질의 점착성의, (sticky, viscous)⇨
Molasses is a glutinous substance.➡
gluttonous
난쟁이 땅 신령, (dwarf, underground spirit)⇨
The gluttonous boy ate all the cookies.➡
goad
선동하다 (urge on)⇨
He was goaded by his friends until he yielded to their➡
wishes.
gouge
후벼내다 (tear out)⇨
In that fight, all the rules were forgotten, the adversaries bit,➡
kicked, and tried to gouge each other's eyes out.
gullible
속기 쉬운 (easily deceived)⇨
He preyed upon gullible people, who believed his stories of➡
easy wealth.
hackneyed
진부한 (commonplace, trite)⇨
The English teacher criticized her story because of its➡
hackneyed and unoriginal plot.
haphazard
우연한 (random, by chance)⇨
His haphazard reading left him unacquainted with the authors➡
of the book.
implement
실행하다 시행하다 장구를 제공하다, , (supply what is needed,⇨
furnish with tools)
I am unwilling to implement this plan until I have assurance➡

that it has the full approval of your officials.
imply
함축적으로 의미하다 암시하다, (suggest a meaning not⇨
expressed, signify)
Even though your statement does not declare that you are at➡
war with that country, your actions imply that is the actual
situation.
imponderable
무게가 없는 무게를 알 수 없는 평가할 수 없는 헤아릴 수 없는,,,⇨
(weightless, unfathomable)
I can evaluate the data gathered in this study, the➡
imponderable items are not so easily analyzed.
ingenuous
순진한 (naive. young. unsophisticated)⇨
These remarks indicate that you are ingenuous and unaware➡
of life's harsher realities.
instigate
시작하다 일으키다. (urge. start. provoke)⇨
I'm afraid that this statement will instigate a revolt.➡
inured
익숙한 단련된, (accustomed, hardened)⇨
He became inured to the Alaskan cold.➡
invalidate
무효로 만들다 (weaken, destroy)⇨
The relatives who received little or nothing sought to➡
invalidate the will by claiming that the deceased had not been in
his right mind when he had signed the document.
invective
비난 (abuse)⇨
He had expected criticism but not the invective which➡

greeted his proposal.
inveigh
통렬히 비난하다 욕설하다, (denounce, utter censure or⇨
invective)
He inveighed against the demagoguery of the previous➡
speaker and urged that the audience reject his philosophy as
dangerous.
inveigle
꾀다 솔깃한 말로 속이다, (lead astray, wheedle)⇨
She was inveigled into joining the club.➡
inverse
반대의 (opposite)⇨
There is an inverse ratio between the strength of light and its➡
distance.
invert
거꾸로 하다 (turn upside down or inside out)⇨
When he inverted his body in a hand stand, he felt the➡
blood rush to his head.
inveterate
뿌리깊은 상습적인, (deep-rooted, habitual)⇨
She is an inveterate smoker.➡
invidious
괘씸한 (designed to create ill will or envy)⇨
We disregarded her invidious remarks because we realized➡
how jealous she was.
invincible
무적의 (unconquerable)⇨
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Superman is invincible.➡

inviolability
신성 (security from being destroyed, corrupted or profaned)⇨
They respected the inviolability of her faith and did not try to➡
change her manner of living.
invoke
빌다 호소하다, (call upon, ask for)⇨
She invoked her advisor's aid in filling out her financial aid➡
forms.
invulnerable
상하게할수없는(incapableofinjury)⇨
Achilles was invulnerable except in his heel.➡
iota
아주 조금 (very small quantity)⇨
She hadn't an iota of common sense.➡
irascible
성마른 성급한, (irritable, easily angered)⇨
His irascible temper frightened me.➡
irate
성난 (angry)⇨
When John's mother found out that he had overdrawn his➡
checking account for the third month in a row, she was so irate
floated on the surface of the water.
iridescent
무지개 빛깔의 (exhibiting rainbow-like colors)⇨
She admired the iridescent hues of the oil that floated on the➡
surface of the water.
irksome
싫증나는 지루한, (annoying, tedious)⇨
He found working on the assembly line irksome because of➡
the monotony of the operation he had to perform.

ironic
반어의 (resulting in an unexpected and contrary manner)⇨
It is ironic that his success came when he least wanted it.➡
irony
풍자 반어법, (hidden sarcasm or satire, use of words that⇨
convey a meaning opposite to the literal meaning)
Gradually his listeners began to realize that the excessive➡
praise he was lavishing was merely irony, he was actually
denouncing his opponent.
irreconcilable
화해할 수 없는 융화하기 어려운, (incompatible, not able to be⇨
resolved)
Because the separated couple were irreconcilable, the➡
marriage counselor recommended a divorce.
irrefragable
엉뚱한 무관계한, (not to be disproved, indisputable)⇨
This statement is irrelevant and should be disregarded by the➡
jury.
irremediable
불치의 회복할 수 없는, (incurable, uncorrectable)⇨
The error she made was irremediable, she could see no way➡
to repair it.
irreparable
수선할 수 없는 (not able to be corrected or repaired)⇨
Your apology cannot atone for the irreparable damage you➡
have done to her reputation.
irrepressible
억누를 수 없는 (unable to be restrained or held back)⇨
Her high spirits were irrepressible.➡
irresolute

결단력이 없는 우유부단한, (uncertain how to act, weak)⇨
She had no respect for him because he seemed weak-willed➡
and irresolute.
irreverent
불손한 (lacking proper respect)⇨
The worshippers resented her irreverent remarks about their➡
faith.
irrevocable
변경할수없는(unalterable)⇨
Let us not brood over past mistakes since they are➡
irrevocable.
litotes
곡언법 반의어의 부정으로 강한 긍정 나타냄( ) (understatement for⇨
emphasis)
To say, "He little realizes," when we mean that he does not➡
realize at all, is an example of the kind of understatement we call
litotes.
livid
납빛의 검푸른 격노한, , (lead-colored, black and blue, enraged)⇨
Hisfacewassolividwithragethatwewereafraidthathe➡
might have an attack of apoplexy.
loath
싫어하여 지긋지긋하여, (averse, reluctant)⇨
They were both loath for him to go.➡
loathe
몹시 싫어하다 (detest)⇨
We loathed the wicked villain.➡
lode
광맥 (metal-bearing vein)⇨
If this lode which we have discovered extends for any➡