LEARNING PHRASAL VERBS IDIOMS IN CONTEXT 5

<span class='text_page_counter'>(1)</span>THEME 1: BODY, HEALTH AND MIND UNIT 1: A HEALTHY EATING PLAN Brad: I realized I’d put on1 weight when my trousers started to feel a bit tight. But when I couldn’t do up2 the jacket on my best suit, I knew right away it was time to turn over a new leaf3 – as far as4 food was concerned, anyway. I mentioned this to a friend, who sent me details of internet dieting programme. I thought it was worth trying, so I signed up for5 it The websites sent me weekly recipes of healthy diet meals, but also recommended that I should cut down on6 the actual portion size, and obviously cut out7 junk food, sweets, fizzy drinks, etc. It was hard going8 at first because it meant changing a number of habits, but I kept to9 the diet very rigidly and after a while, the weight started to fall off10. I combined it with working out11 at the gym, but I know that the diet was the main thing that helped. A normal meal now fills me up12, so I’m not constantly looking for extra snacks (which are my big temptation). I’m going away on holiday next week, happy to show off13 my new image! I’m glad I faced up to14 my problems. *EXPLANATION: 1. put on1 (weight): Become heavier. 2. do something up2 : fasten an item of clothing which has buttons or a zip. 3. turn over a new leaf3 : start to act or behave in a better way. 4. as far as4sth/sb is concerned: used to say which person or thing you are talking about. 5. sign up for5 for sth: arrange to do a course, join a group, etc. by adding your name to a list of people doing it. 6. cut down on6 sth: eat, drink or use less of sth. 7. cut sth out7: stop eating or drinking sth, especially sth that is bad for you. 8. hard going8: needing a lot of effort. 9. keep to9 sth: follow a rule or an agreement, by doing what you said you would do. 10. fall off10 : decrease in quantity or quality. 11. work out11: make your body fit and strong by doing a programme of regular exercises. workout (n) 12. fill sb up12 (of food): make sb feel completely full. 13. show sth off13: show people sth that you are proud of it. 13. faced up to14 sth: accept or deal with sth that is difficult or unpleasant.. UNIT 2: COMMON AILMENTS Li: Rose. Hi, Rose! How are things? I’m feeling a bit under the weather, actually. I had some shellfish round at my sister’s.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(2)</span> : Li: Rose : Li: Rose :. last night and it didn’t agree with me. Oh, dear! Were you sick? Yes, I was throwing up all night. Well, just drink water and eat dry toast- that’s what Mum recommends. I will- when I can keep something down.. Ali : I hear Jamie’s picked up a bug. Ann: Yes, there are lots of them going round at the moment. I don’t think it’s serious, but he’s really looking washed out, so I’m keeping him at home today. Ali: Well, it won’t do him any harm to take it easy for a day or two. Ann: No, these things can take it out of you, but I’m sure he’ll get over it soon. Ali: Yeah, he’s young-he’ll be on the mend in no time! Joc: Dad’s been complaining of a bad back again. Lottie: Yes, it usually flares up when he’s been gardening. *EXPLANATION: 1. Under the weather (INF): feeling slightly sick or not as well as usual. 2. Not agree with sb (of food): make you feel sick or ill. 3. Throw up (INF): bring food from your stomach back out through your mouth = vomit 4. Keep sth down: succeed in keeping food in your stomach even if you feel sick. 5. Pick sth up: catch an infectious illness. 6. Go round: if an illness is going round, people are catching it from each other. 7. It won’t/ wouldn’t do (sb) any harm: used to say what sb should do. 8. Take it/things easy: relax and avoiding doing too much or working too hard. SYN Put your feet up. 9. A day or two: one or a few days. 10. Take it/a lot out of sb: INF: make sb feel mentally or physically tired. 11. Get over sth: start to feel better or well again after an illness or something unpleasant. 12. On the mend: getting better after an illness or injury. 13. Complain of sth: say that you are suffering from sth, e.g. pain, an illness. 14. Flare up: suddenly start again or become worse. 15. Wash out: look pale, ill or tired.. UNIT 3: GOING TO THE HOSPITAL EVA: when I was eight, I was knocked over by a bike outside my house. Of course, I burst into tears- it was mainly the shock, but I’d cut my knee badly and my arm was starting to swell. People crowded around, trying to help. Fortunately, a doctor was passing by and he sent.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(3)</span> me to the hospital to get checked over. When I got there, the nurse calmed me down, and they cleaned and stitched up the cut. Back at home, Mum took care of me and gave me ice cream. After a day or two, the pain eased off and the swelling went down. They took the stiches out a week later. FRANCISCO: Not long ago, I had to go to the hospital to have my wisdom teeth out. I hate injections at the best of times, but on this occasion, when they tried to give me an anaesthetic, I just passed out. I felt stupid when I came to. *EXPLANATION: 1. Knock sb over/down: hit sb with a vehicle so that they fall and are injured or killed. 2. Burst into tears: start crying suddenly. 3. Crowd round/around (sb/sth): gather in large numbers around (sb/sth). 4. Pass by (sb/sth): go past. A person who goes past is a “Passer-by”. 5. Check sb/sth over: examine sb/sth to see if there is anything wrong with them/it. 6. Calm sb down: make sb feel more relaxed and less anxious or emotional. 7. Stitch sb/sth up: join sb’s skin after it has been cut. 8. Take care of sb: do the necessary things for sb who needs help. SYN: Look after sb. 9. Ease off: if sth unpleasant, e.g. pain eases off : it gets better or becomes less. 10. Go down (of swelling): become less. 11. Take sth out: remove sth from sb’s body. 12. Have sth out: have a tooth removed from your mouth, or an organ, e.g. an appendix, removed from your body. 13. At the best of times: used to say that sth is difficult or unpleasant, even when the circumstances are good. 14. Pass out: lose consciousness, e.g. when someone sees blood, he or she may pass out. 15. come to = come round: become conscious again.. UNIT 4: HEALTH HEADLINES SMOKERS ENCOURAGED TO TAKE UP SMOKELESS NICOTINE SMOKING-RELATED DISEASES CIGARETTES ON THE RISE. Nurses urged deprived to guard against Workers of sleep cost becoming industry too billions emotionally.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(4)</span> England Captain on verge of break down. RACING DRIVER PULLS THROUGH. Asthma symptoms brought on by cat allergy. HOSPITAL JOBS SHAKE- UP PUTS FILM STAR CHECKS EMERGENCY INTO CLINIC PATIENTS AT RISK. *EXPLANATION:.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(5)</span> 1. Take sth up: start doing sth regularly as a habit, job or interest. 2. Guard against sth: take care to prevent sth or to protect yourself from sth. 3. On the verge of sth: very near to the moment when something happens. 4. Breakdown: a period of mental illness in which sb becomes very depressed and anxious and cannot deal with normal life. 5. Pass away = Die: Pass away is often used in place of “die” to avoid upsetting sb. 6. Pull through (sth): manage to stay alive after a serious illness, an injury or an operation. 7. Lead to sth: have a particular result or outcome. SYN “result in” 8. Bring sth on: make sth develop or happen, especially sth unpleasant. 9. Check into sth: arrive at a hospital or hotel and begin to stay there. 10. On the rise = On the increase: increasing. 11. Deprive sb of sth: prevent sb from having or doing sth, especially sth unpleasant. 12. Be on one’s guard: be very careful and prepared for sth dangerous or difficult. 13. Shake-up: a situation in which changes are made to a company, an organization, etc. to improve the way it works 14. At risk: in danger of sth unpleasant or harmful happening: “Put sb/sth at risk”. 15. Search sth/sb out: look for sb/sth until you find them. SYN “track sb/sth down.. UNIT 5: FEELINGS ANNIE: I was a bit down in the dumps this EVIE: My boyfriend rang me from the states morning for various reasons, but a friend gave this morning. It really made my day. me a big bunch of flowers which brought a smile to my face. LEO: I watched my little girl sing a song at a ROB: I went to the gym, and that really tired school concert today. I was choking back the me out. But then I had a coffee and a sittears; I was just so proud of her. down, and I perked up a bit. FINN: My brother started on at me about my driving, and that made me tense up. I’m always on edge when he’s the passenger seat because he’s so critical.. JOSH: I tend to bottle up my feelings, but today I got really worked up because of a horrible text from my boss. It was stupid, but I had to go for a walk to cool down..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(6)</span> RONI: I’m a bit shaken up. I went to look out MIA: I’ve been on tenterhooks all day, of the window and a strange man was right waiting for my exam results! there, staring at me. I nearly jumped out of my skin, but fortunately he ran off. I was shaking like a leaf afterwards. *EXPLANATION: 1. Down in the dumps (INF): feeling unhappy. 2. Choke sth back: manage with difficulty to control your tears, feelings, etc. 3. Start on at sb (about sth) (INF): to criticize sb or start to complain about sth. 4. Tense up: if you tense up, your muscles become tight or stiff. 5. On edge: nervous because you are expecting sth bad to happen. 6. Shake sb up: give sb a very unpleasant shock so that they are upset or frightened. 7. Jump out of your skin (INF): move suddenly because you are surprised or afraid. 8. Shake like a leaf: make sudden, quick movement up and down or side to side, because you are frightened or nervous. 9. Make sb a day: make sb feel happy. 10. Tire sb out: make sb feel very tired. 11. A sit-down: a rest while sitting in a chair. 12. Perk up (INF): feel more cheerful or lively after feeling sad, ill, etc. (also Perk sb up) 13. Bottle sth up: hide your feelings, especially over a long period of time. 14. Be/get worked up (INF): be/get very upset or excited about sth. 15. Cool down: become less angry or excited. 16. On tenterhooks: nervous because you do not know what is going to happen..

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