Enough and too

<span class='text_page_counter'>(1)</span>I . Structure Cách sử dụng TOO Too thường đứng trước tính từ (Adjective) và Trạng từ (adverb) để biểu thị tình trạng vượt quá sự mong đợi. 1. S + be + Too + Adjective + For Somebody to do something. Ý nghĩa: Điều gì quá... để ai đó làm việc gì đó. Để viết câu cho cấu trúc này chúng ta chỉ cần thay S bằng một danh từ (Noun) hoặc một đại từ (Pronouns) sau đó chia động từ Be theo đúng thì và phù hợp với chủ ngữ của nó. Tiếp theo là phần For Somebody to do something. Chúng ta thay chữ somebody bằng một danh từ hoặc một đại từ nhân xưng ở dạng túc từ (Object pronoun). Từ Do là động từ chỉ hành động nói chung, chúng ta cũng thay thế Do bằng một động từ bất kỳ ở dạng nguyên mẫu có to. Cuối cùng là chữ something là tân ngữ của độngt từ to Do, tùy theo động từ thay thế vào chữ do là dạng động từ không mang theo tân ngữ (Intransitive verb) hay động từ mang theo tân ngữ (Transitive verb). Ví dụ: This shirt is too small for him to wear. (for him not for he) This milk is too cold for her to drink. (for her not for she) 1.1. S + be + Too + Adjective + For something. Ví dụ: He is too tiny for a tea. 2. S + be + Too + Adjective + that Somebody can/could not do something. He is too short that he can not reach the bar. Cấu trúc này thường ở dạng phủ định và cách dùng giống với cấu trúc So + Adjective + that + Clause. Khi too đứng trước trạng từ (adverb) 1. S + Verb(ordinary) + Too + Adverb + For Somebody to do something. 2. S + Verb(ordinary) + Too + Adverb + that Somebody can/could not do something. Ở bên trên Too đứng trước tính từ thì động từ theo sau chủ ngữ phải là động từ Be. Khi theo sau Too là một trạng từ thì động từ sau chủ ngữ phải là động từ thường (Ordinary verbs). Vậy quy luật chung là nếu động từ sau chủ ngữ là động từ thường thì ta sẽ dùng Too + Adjective, Nếu theo sau là động từ thường thì ta dùng Too + Adverb Ví dụ: He runs too fast for me to catch up. He runs too fast that I can not catch up.. Cách dùng của Enough Enough đứng trước danh từ (Nouns) nhưng lại đứng sau tính từ hoặc trạng từ. This milk is hot enough for her to drink. Cấu trúc chung S + be + Adjective + enough for somebody to do something S + be + Adjective + enough that somebody can/could (not) to do something.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(2)</span> S + Verb + Adverb + enough for somebody to do something S + Verb + Adverb + enough that somebody can not / could not do something S + Verb + Enough + Noun to do something. Ví dụ: This lugguage is heavy enough for me to carry by hand. This lugguage is heavy enough that I can carry by hand. He did not work hard enough to pass the the exam. I don't have enough money to pay the rental bill. Ứng dụng của Too và Enough. Như tôi đã giới thiệu ở trên, chúng ta thường dùng Too và Enough để viết lại câu, hoặc nối 2 câu đơn lại với nhau, hoặc biến đổi những thành phần cần thiết để chuyển câu dùng với Too thành câu dùng với từ Enough. Ví dụ: 1. The exercise is very difficult. He can not answer it. -> The exercise is too difficult for him to answer. -> The exercise is too difficult that he can not answer it. 2. The piano is very heavy. Nobody can lift it. -> The piano is too heavy (for us) to lift. -> The piano is not light enough to lift. -> Nobody is not strong enough to lift the piano (Câu này hơi khác nghĩa một chút). II. Exercises I.. Enough Use ENOUGH and one word from the box to complete each sentence.. Adjectives: big old warm well Nouns: cups milk mony qualifications 1. She shouldn’t get maried. She’s not ........................ time. roon. 2. I’d like to bye a car but I haven’t got ....................... 3. Have you got ....................... in your tea or would you like some more ? 4. Are you ....................... ? Or shall I swich on the heating ? 5. It’s only a small car. There isn’t ....................... for all of you. 6. Steve didn’t feel ....................... to go to work this morning. 7. I didn’t answer all the questions in the exam. I didn’t have ....................... 8. Do you think I’ve got .............................................. to apply for the job ?.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(3)</span> 9. Try this jacket on to see if it’s ....................... for you. 10. There weren’t ....................... for everybody to have coffee at the same time. warm. time. fast. long. money. information. tall. people 1. I can’t give you an answer because I don’t have ......................................... 2. I couldn’t run ....................... 3. The ladder wasn’t ....................... to reach the window. 4. There aren’t ....................... to make a club of stamps collectors. 5. Do you have ....................... to buy her a present? 6. The pants weren’t ....................... to fit my brother. 7. The weather isn’t ....................... for us to go swimming. 8. Did you have ....................... to answer all the questions in the test? II.. Combine each pair of sentences, using ENOUGH .... TO.V or ENOUGH FOR .... TO.V. 1. The moon is very bright. We can play outdoors.. 2. I have enough money. I can pay this bill. 3. My sister is old. She can drive a car. 4. The weather was fine. We could go camping. 5. This coat isn’t rich. I don’t wear it in winter. 6. Mr.Robinson isn’t rich. He can’t buy a house. 7. He wasn’t very experienced. He couuldn’t do the job. 8. You aren’t old. You can’t have a fornt – door key..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(4)</span> 9. He didn’t have much money. He couldn’t live on it. 10. The buffalo isn’t big. He can’t harm you. 11. The ice is quite thick. We can’t walk on it. 12. The tea isn’t strong. It won’t keep us awake. 13. This novel is interesting. We can read it. 14. We thick you are strong enough. You can lift this table. 15. This kind of rubber is good. We can use it to make tyres for car. 16. He has no time. He can’t finish this word. 17. My frind is quite well. She can do it again. 18. She doesn’t explain this exercise. He pupils can’t do it. 19. There isn’t enough time. This students can’t write this essay. 20. It’s warm tonigh. We can go out. 21. These exercises are easy. You can do them. 22. Those oranges are ripe. We can eat them. 23. My sister wasn’t well. She didn’t go to work. 24. The book is small. I can put it in my pocket. 25. The boy is tall. He can reach the top shelf. 26. Those shoes are large. You can wear them. 27. Your brother was clver. He could do this exercise in a few minutes. 28. We weren’t early. We couldn’t see the first part of the play. 29. She has much money. She can buy that dictionary..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(5)</span> 30. The children were very eager. They started playing without me. 31. She isn’t old. She can’t get married yet. 32. That coat isn’t warm. I can’t stand on that chair. 33. That chair isn’t strong. He can’t wear it in winter. 34. Are you very tall? Can you reach the book on the top shelf? 35. This bed isn’t wide. Two people can’t sleep on this bed. 36. That box is light.I couldn’t eat breakfast this morning. 37. Three people can’t sit on this sofa. It isn’t wide enough. 38. The floor wasn’t strong. We couldn’t dance on it. 39. You aren’t very old. You can’t understand it. 40. He is sick. He needs a doctor. 41. The book is small. I can put it in my pocket. 42. Mr.Brown isn’t rich. He can’t buy a car. 43. Those shoes are large. You can wear them. 44. Your sister was clever.. She could do this exercise in a few minutes. 45. The air is fresh. We can have some holidays there. 46. Peter is very ill. He must see the doccer. 47. Mary isn’t old. She can’t do that work. 48. We weren’t early. We couldn’t see the first part of the play.. TEAC. 49. She has much money. She can buy that dictionary. 50. The children were very eager.They started playing without me..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(6)</span> III.. Combine each pari of sentences, using “ENOUGH”.. 1. The moon is bright. I can read a book by it. 2. I have enough money. I can pay this bill. 3. These rubber trees are big.They can give us milky liquid. 4. This novel is interesting. We can read it. 5. This kind of rubber is good. We can use it to make tyres for cars. 6. We think you are very strong. You can lift this table. 7. He has no time. He can’t finish this work. 8. My friend is quite well. She can work again. 9. There isn’t enough time. The pupils can’t write this essay. 10. She doesn’t explain this exercise clearly. Her pupils can’t do it. IV.. Combine these sentences, using enough.. 1. She’s not old. She can’t get maried yet. 2. This cost isn’t strong. I can’t wear it in winter. 3. That chair isn’t strong. We can’t stand on that chair. 4. Are you very tall? Can you read the top shefl? 5. It’s not warm today. We can’t go outside. 6. I’m not strong. I can’t lift this box. 7. Tom doesn’t have money. He can’t pay his bills. 8. This bed isn’t wide. Two people can’t sleep in the bed. 9. The water wasn’t clean. We couldn’t swim in it..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(7)</span> 10. He wasn’t experienced. He can’t do that job. 11. I don’t have money. I can’t lend you some. 12. He is hungry. He can eat 3 sandwiches. 13. Peter isn’t tired. He can’t stay at home alone. 14. This seat isn’t wide. We can’t sit on it. 15. Susan isn’t old. She can’t stay at home alone. 16. That box is light. She can lift it. 17. I didn’t have time. I can eat breafast this morning. 18. This shirt is big. He can wear it. 19. Mary doesn’t have money. She can’t buy a new bicycle. 20. It’t warm tonight. We can go out.. TOO I.. Combine these sentences using “too + adj / adv (for sb) + to do st” 1. The radio is very expensive. I can’t buy it. 2. My grandfather is very old. He can’t work hard. 3. This boy is very young. He can’t see this film. 4. It’s very dark. We can’t take phtograph here. 5. He is very buy. He can’t talk to me now. 6. The water is hot. She can’t have a bath. 7. This bed is very small. Two people can’t sleep in it. 8. Farmers are very poor. They can’t buy cattle. 9. The chidren were very late. They couldn’t ride the bumper. 10. Your brother is very young. He can’t go swimming..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(8)</span> 11. Mary was very tired. She couldn’t go on with the work. 12. I’m very anxious. I can’t wait for you any more. 13. The rive is very wide. I can’t swim actoss that river. 14. These exercises are very hard. She can’t do them. 15. The pencil is very short. She can’t use it. 16. I can’t drink this coffee. It’s too hot. 17. We couldn’t climb over the wall. It was too high. 18. I can’t explain the situation. It’s too cpmplicated. 19. My friend was so busy. He couldn’t come tothe meeting. 20. She was studying so hard. She had no time for games. 21. This hat is very small. I can’t put it on. 22. I was very late. I couldn’t visit her. 23. It was very late. They couldn’t go to the party. 24. The dress is so dirty. She can’t wear it. 25. The picture is very heavy. We can’t hang it on the wall. 26. I was very sleepy. I couldn’t finish my homework last night. 27. The test was very long. I couldn’t finish it in half an hour. 28. He spoke very quickly. We couldn’t understand him. 29. Some movies are very violent. Children shouldn’t watch them. 30. He reached the station very late. He didn’t catch the train. 31. He’s very stupid. He can’t understand this matter. 32. This book is very difficult. I can’t read it. 33. The programme was very long. They couldn’t broadcast it in one night. 34. He was so poor. He couldn’t buy this house. 35. That film is very bad. The children can’t see it. 36. I was very busy. I couldn’t visit her..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(9)</span> 37. The morning was very cold. We couldn’t go swimming. 38. It was very late. They didn’t go to the party. 39. The dress is so dirty. She can’t wear it. 40. I’m very busy. I can’t talk to you. 41. The food was very hot. We couldn’t eat it. 42. He spoke very quickly. We can’t understand him. 43. Tom is short. He can’t touch the ceiling. 44. Alice is very young. She can’t stay home alone. 45. It’s very late. We can’t go to the movies. 46. I was very sheepy. I couldn’t finish my homewoke last night. 47. I live far from school. I can’t go swimming to day. 48. Mike was very busy. He couldn’t go to his aunt’s house warming party. 49. This jacket is very small. I can’t wear it. 50. Peter is very tired. He can’t study. 51. The piano was very heavy. Nobody could move it. 52. My wallet is very big. My pocket is very small. 53. He reached the station very late. He can’t catch the train. 54. The meeting is very important. They can’t miss it. 55. It’s is very small. This is a big room. 56. We can’t go swimming because it’s very cold. 57. The story is very long. You can’t read it in an hour. 58. You look very tired. You can’t walk home. 59. The river is very cold. We can’t have a swim. 60. Nobody could move the piano. It was too heavy. II.. Rewrite these sentences, using “Too .... to” 1. Nien isn’t old enough to be in grade 8..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(10)</span> 2. The test wasn’t easy enough for me to do. 3. These shose aren’t big enough for him to wear. 4. I’m not tall enough to reach the picture. 5. This house isn’t large enough for a family of four people to live in. 6. This shirt isn’t big enough to fit me. 7. He didn’t get up early enough to catch the first bus to work. 8. She isn’t patient enough to do this job. 9. The problem wasn’t simple enough for her to understand. 10. The test wasn’t easy enough for me tho finish in 45 minutes. 11. We weren’t early enough for the first bus. 12. She didn’t run fast enough to win the gold medal. 13. The ice isn’t thick enough for us to walk on. 14. The ladder wasn’t long enough to reach the window. 15. I’m not strong enough to help you. Enough and too I.. Complete these sentences using too, too many, too much or enough with one of the following adjectives or nouns in the box: clearly difficult food mistakes sweet complicated expensive hastily rain traffic 1. You should stop to think first. You always acted .............................. 2. This quiz is rather easy. The question aren’t ............................... 3. Can I have some more sugar in my coffee, plesase? It isn’t ............................... 4. I can’t afford a new stereo. It would be .............................. 5. There’s a water shortage. There just hasn’t been .............................. 6. I can’t read your writing. You don’t wire ..................................... 7. Try to be more careful, please. You’re making ............................. 8. The roads are very crowded. There’s simply ................................

<span class='text_page_counter'>(11)</span> 9. I can’t understand these instructions. They’re ............................... 10. Thoustands of people are strrving because they can’t get ........................... II.. Complete the answers to the questions. Use “too” or “enough” with the word in brackets: 1. A: Is she going to get maried? B: No, she’s not ................................ (old) 2. A: I need to talk to you about something. B: Well, I’m afraid I’m ................................. to you now. (busy) 3. A: Let’s go to the cinema. B: No, it’s ................................... to the cinema. (late) 4. A: Why don’t we sit in the garden. B: No, I’m ................................... a the garden. (warm) 5. A: Would you like to be a politician? B: No, I’m ................................... a politician. (nice) 6. A: Do you want to play tennis today? B: No, I haven’t got ....................................... tennis today. (energy) 7. A: Did you hear what he was saying? B: No, we were .......................................... what he was saying. (far away) 8. A: Can he read a newspaper in English? B: No, he doesn’t know ......................................... a newspaper. (English) 9. A: Why don’t you put the wallet i your pocket? B: It’s .......................................... in my pocket. (big) 10. A: I think you should apply for the job. B: I’m afraid I haven’t got ............................................. (qualifications). III.. Reweite the following sentences, using TOO and ENOUGH..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(12)</span> 1. He is now strong. He can work without help. 2. That knife is too sharp. You ought not to give it to a little boy. 3. He was so weak that he couldn’t stand. 4. They ran slowly. They didn’t catch the bus. 5. The teacher explained very clearly. Everybody understood. 6. Let’s get a taxi. It’s very long way. 7. Daisy was very short. She couldn’t reach the picture. 8. The little girl was so shy. She couldn’t tell me the strory. 9. Jack is very clever. He can do this work. 10. Diana was very kind. She could help you with your work. 11. I’m too tired. I can’t go to the cinema tonigh. 12. The table was heavy. I couldn’t move it. 13. The movie was so exciting. It attacted all the audience. 14. They are so busy. They can’t help you. 15. The woman was very old. She couldn’t live there by herself. 16. The childen are early. They can have good seats. 17. It was very dark. I couldn’t see the words. 18. My mother is very old. She can’t do that work. 19. That house isn’t very large. All of us can’t stay in that house for the night. 20. It is early. I can tell you one more story. 21. It’s a difficult question. I can’t answer it. 22. The water is cool. You can drink it. 23. The children aren’t tall enough. They can’t reach that shelf. 24. They arrived too late. They didn’t see the beginning of the film. 25. Our old flat was small. We couldn’t live in it. 26. He spoke too quitetly. The people at the back of the room couldn’t hear him..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(13)</span> 27. The problem isn’t important. It won’t cause us concerm. 28. He was very mean.He never gave to charity. 29. She was very busy. She couldn’t come to the meeting yesterday. 30. Our new car is very wide. It won’t get through those gates. 31. The boy is so clever. He can answer all the question. 32. I was terrified. I couldn’t move. 33. The ice is quite thick. We can walk on it. 34. He was so polite. He asked us to dinner. 35. He was very sick. He had to see a doctor. 36. The driver was very hurried. He couldn’t wait for us. 37. The lady was very old. She couldn’t live there by herseful. 38. It was early, so could tell you one more strory. 39. Dick is very clever, he can learn this in a short time. 40. This boy is carefull. He can do fifficult job. IV.. Rewrite the following sentences, using ENOUGH .... TO.V. 1. She is too old to wear this colorful. 2. He is too weak to carry this bag. 3. This pen is too expensive for me to buy. 4. Bill is too foolish to understand. 5. This bag is too heavy for me to carry. 6. The test was too difficut for them to do. 7. This sentence is too long for me to memorize. 8. This room is too noisy for us to study in. 9. That book is too boring to read. 10. We were too late to get good seats. 11. Huy is too lazy to make progress in his study..

<span class='text_page_counter'>(14)</span> 12. I’m too poor to help you with the money. 13. These oranges are too sour for us to eat. 14. The shelf is too high for the boy to reach. 15. The water in this pool is too dirty to wash clothes. 16. He studied too badly to pass this exams. 17. It was too cold for us to go swimming. 18. Those shoes are too small to fit me. 19. The game is too hard for me to play. 20. He spoke too fast for me to understand. V.. Rewrite these sentences, using “Too .... to” 16. Nien isn’t old enough to be in grade 8. 17. The test wasn’t easy enough for me to do. 18. These shose aren’t big enough for him to wear. 19. I’m not tall enough to reach the picture. 20. This house isn’t large enough for a family of four people to live in. 21. This shirt isn’t big enough to fit me.. TEACHER: ĐỚI. 22. He didn’t get up early enough to catch the first bus to work. 23. She isn’t patient enough to do this job.. 24. The problem wasn’t simple enough for her to understand. 25. The test wasn’t easy enough for me tho finish in 45 minutes. 26. We weren’t early enough for the first bus. 27. She didn’t run fast enough to win the gold medal. 28. The ice isn’t thick enough for us to walk on. 29. The ladder wasn’t long enough to reach the window. 30. I’m not strong enough to help you.. VI.. Make one sentence from two. Use “too” or “enough” and a phrase with “for” or a “too – infinitive”.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(15)</span> 1. We couldn’t eat the food. It was very hot. 2. A taxi would have been best. But didn’t have much money. 3. Sarak can’t take a day off. She’s very busy. 4. A picinic would be nice. But it’s wet. 5. Nobody could move the piano. It was very heavy. 6. I don’t wear this coat in winter. It isn’t warm. 7. All my guests will need chairs. But I haven’t got very many. 8. I can’t explain the situation. It’s complicated. 9. Three people can’t sit on this sofa. It isn’t wide. 10. I couldn’t carry the equipment. I had such a lot of..

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