Ngu phap TOEFL

<span class='text_page_counter'>(1)</span>Crazy English Community. TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP TOEFL 1. Sentence subject -. Danh từ, cụm danh từ Adj + N A/an/the + adj + N A/an/the + adv + adj + N Lượng từ + N Lượng từ + adj + N Lượng từ + adv + adj + N Tính từ sở hữu/Sở hữu cách + N/adj + N/adv + adj + N. -. To V/ V-ing. -. Mệnh đề danh từ Sub: What/that/why/who/if/whether/how Cấu trúc: Who/What + V + (O) What/that/if/whether/how/why + S + V + (O). -. There/It. 2. Động từ của câu Thì. Chủ động. Bị động. Hiện tại đơn. S + V/ Vs, es. S + am/is/are + Ved/ V cột 3. Hiện tại tiếp diễn. S + am/is/are + V_ing. S + am/is/are + being + Ved/V cột 3. Hiện tại hoàn thành. S + have/has + Ved/V cột 3. S + have/has + been + Ved/V cột 3. Quá khứ đơn. S + Ved/V cột 2. S + were/was + Ved/V cột 3. Quá khứ hoàn thành. S + had + Ved/V cột 3. S + had + been + Ved/V cột 3. Tương lai đơn. S + will + V. S + will be + Ved/V cột 3. Tương lai gần. S + am/is/are + going to + V. S + am/is/are + going to be + Ved/V cột 3. Modal Verb. S + modal verb + V. S + modal verb + be + Ved/V cột 3. 3. Sentence Object -. Danh từ, cụm danh từ. -. To V/ V-ing. -. Mệnh đề danh từ. -. Tính từ. 4. Mệnh đề và câu a. Mệnh đề -. Mệnh đề độc lập. -. Mệnh đề phụ thuộc + Mệnh đề danh từ: thay thế cho danh từ trong câu. The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|1 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(2)</span> Crazy English Community + Mệnh đề tính từ: đứng sau danh từ trong câu để bổ nghĩa cho nó + Mệnh đề trạng từ:bổ nghĩa cho cả câu hoặc cho động từ b. Câu + Câu đơn: S + V + O S and S + V + O S + V and V + O S + V + O and O + Câu ghép: IC1, fanboys IC2 IC1; conjunctive adverb, IC2 IC1; IC2 + Câu phức: bao gồm 1 mệnh đề độc lập và 1 hoặc nhiều mệnh đề phụ thuộc 5. Mệnh đề tính từ Là một loại mệnh đề phụ thuộc có chức năng bổ nghĩa cho danh từ trong câu. Câu trúc: -. Dạng đầy đủ: Sub + V + (O) (who/which/that) Sub + S + V + (O) (whose/whom) which và that ít đi với cấu trúc này trong TOEFL. Giới từ + Sub + S + V + (O). -. Dạng rút gọn: Ved/cột 3 (trong trường hợp bị động) V- ing (trong trường hợp chủ động) To V (the first, the second….., the last/the only hoặc chỉ mục đích) Tính từ (động từ sau Sub là to be). 6. Mệnh đề danh từ Vị trí: NC + V + O S + V + NC Các Sub thường gặp: that/what/if/whether/how/why Cấu trúc của mệnh đề danh từ với từng loại Sub: What + V +(O) What/that/how/why/whether/if + S + V + (O) 7. Mệnh đề trạng từ Vị trí: AC, S + V + O S + V + O (, )AC Các loại liên từ: Liên từ về thời gian: When, whenever, while, as, after, since, before, until. Liên từ về địa điểm: Where, anywhere, wherever, everywhere. Liên từ liên quan đến lý do, kết quả: Because,though, since, although, even though, whereas, if. Cấu trúc: Dạng đầy đủ: The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|2 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(3)</span> Crazy English Community Sub + S + V + O Dạng rút gọn: Chỉ giản lược khi cùng chủ ngữ + Sub + Ved. + Sub + Ving + O. + Sub + to V + Sub + tính từ 8. So sánh trong tiếng Anh a. So sáng ngang bằng S + V + as + adj/adv + as + … Ngoài ra còn có “The same as”/ similar/like b. So sánh hơn S + V + short adj + er + than + … S + V + more + long adj + than + … c. So sánh nhất S + V + the + short adj + est + … S + V + the most + long adj + … d. So sánh kép (càng … càng) The coparative + S + V, the comparative + S + V e. So sánh bội số: S + V + multiple number + as adj as + … S + V + multiple number + as + many/much + N + as + …. CÁC DẠNG THƯỜNG GẶP TRONG TOEFL DẠNG 1:. Các trường hợp có thể xảy ra: - Danh từ, cụm danh từ - Mệnh đề danh từ - To V/ V_ing - There/ It. DẠNG 2:. Những trường hợp có thể xảy ra: - And/or/of + danh từ The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|3 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(4)</span> Crazy English Community -. Mệnh đề tính từ Rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ Cụm trạng từ. DẠNG 3:. Những trường hợp có thể xảy ra: - Danh từ, cụm danh từ - Mệnh đề danh từ - To V/ V_ing - Tính từ. DẠNG 4:. Những trường hợp có thể xảy ra: - And/or/of + Danh từ - Mệnh đề tính từ - Rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ - Cụm trạng từ - Mệnh đề trạng từ. DẠNG 5:. Những trường hợp có thể xảy ra: - Danh từ/ cụm danh từ - Mệnh đề tính từ - Rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ - Các cụm từ: such as, for example, for instance - Cụm trạng từ. DẠNG 6:. Những trường hợp có thể xảy ra: - Danh từ, cụm danh từ - Mệnh đề tính từ - Rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ - Mệnh đề trạng từ - FANBOYS + S + V + O The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|4 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(5)</span> Crazy English Community. DẠNG 7:. ,S. +. V. +. O. Các trường hợp có thể xảy ra: - Mệnh đề trạng từ - Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng từ - Các cụm từ: According to/ Due to/ Because of/Despite/Inspite -. of/Like/Unlike …. V_ing/ Ved/ To V Cụm trạng từ Cụm danh từ. EXERCISE 1. Neon, a chemical element --------- up about one part per 65,000 in Earth’s atmosphere, is a colorless, odorless gas. (A) makes (B) that makes (C) and makes (D)of which makes 2. From photography’s infancy, --------- of landscape views by camera began to support handmade depictions in watercolor, pencil, or ink. (A) when the capturing. The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|5 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(6)</span> Crazy English Community the capturing, (C) was capturing (D)the capturing was 3. the (A) (B) (C) (D). The stethoscope transmits and amplifies sounds from localized areas of body, thus making them ------- to hear and identify easier than as easy as easies so that easier. 4.. Uncertainty differs from risk in that ------- basis for estimating the probability of each potential condition occurring. (A) there is no (B) although no (C) there is notbbs.gter.netF8f;JD6p4sf G/_ (D)it is not A_"O&OfS7V 5. --------- about 10 to 20 feet tall and are sparely covered with foliage. (A) Growing lemon trees. The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|6 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(7)</span> Crazy English Community Lemon trees grow (C) Lemon trees that grow (D)The growth of lemon trees to 6. A sonic boom is a very laud noise that occurs when an aircraft passes through the sound barrier ------- travels faster than the speed of sound (A) and (B) so (C) whether (D)as 7. The production and sale of cosmetics in the U.S. was virtually unregulated -------the food, drug, and cosmetic art of 1938 (A) and until the pass of (B) and until passing (C) until the passage of (D)until passed 8. Not only -------- the centre of French language and culture in North America, it is the ……… (A) considering Quebec (B) where Quebec is considered (C) Quebec is considered (D)is Quebec considered 9. M leads the US ------ of wood products, potatoes, sardine, and blueberries (A) in the production (B) the production (C) when the production (D) in which the production 10. About 25,000 years ago some of North America’s early settles walked across the land -------between Siberia and Alaska. (A) that then is existed 寄托家园 2?x/`2~ P*a (B) existed then (C) that then existed (D)and then existing 11. GW was the first Black woman ------- the Pulitzer Price of poetry (A) to win (B) which she won (C) won (D)was to win 12. ------- was the most important economic activity in the US until about 1800. (A) Agriculture, which (B) If agriculture (C) Agriculture (D)There was agriculture 13. Eva G. direct ------- in Huntington, New York, from 1962 to 1978. (A) the Heck Museum (B) the Heck Museum was. The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|7 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(8)</span> Crazy English Community how the Heck Museum (D)and the Heck Museum 14. ……………to prove propositions concerning of algebraic calculations. (A) Possibly (B) It is possible (C) One possibility (D) If it is possible. geometric relationships by means. 15. …………… Dry Torbagas Islands in the Gulf of Mexico are known for their abundant bird and marine life. (A) While the (B) That the (C) The (D) There are the 16. …………… in the U.S. receive no government money, they must rely on tuition fees and alumni gifts to build and staff new facilities. (A) Private colleges which (B) Because private colleges (C) Private colleges are (D) When do private colleges 17. In the 1980’s, Clinton Wilding Smith formed a partnership with Coralie Ramanyshyn to perform dances specially choreographed for stilts, including …………… version of The Nutcracker Suite. (A) a (B) many (C) those (D) one of the 18. Irrigation is practiced in all parts of the world where …………… to provide the water needed for plant growth. (A) the natural rainfall insufficient (B) the natural rainfall is insufficient (C) is insufficient natural rainfall (D) the insufficient natural rainfall 19. Archeological records about the prehistoric North American Indians called Mound Builders indicate that they were a …………… (A) people whose political diversity (B) people diverse and politically (C) diversity of people were political (D) politically diverse people 20. Coal is derived from the tissues of plants ………… several hundred million years ago in swamps. (A) that lived (B) lived (C) lived when (D) had lived 21. The Securities and Exchange Commission requires that companies………. full public-disclosure statements before issuing securities on the open market. (A) submit (B) to submit The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|8 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(9)</span> Crazy English Community (C) submitting (D) are submitting 22. Lining the waterfront of Chester, Pennsylvania, ………that make a variety of products. (A) which are oil refineries (B) and oil refineries (C) are oil refineries (D) oil refineries 23. The literary genre of tragicomedy follows no single set of conventions …………… often contradicts normal expectations. (A) while (B) except for (C) and (D) as well as 24. Volcanoes have been an active force in northwestern New Mexico …………… (A) since four million years ago (B) four million years ago (C) four million years past (D) for the past four million years 25. …………… the first great woman astronomer, Annie Jump Cannon was also the first woman to receive an honorary doctor’s degree from Oxford University. (A) Regarded to (B) Regarded as (C) To regard her (D) Regarded her 26. Not until after the Second World War …………. by a significant number of people as a threat to the Earth’s environment. (A) pollution was viewed (B) when pollution was viewed (C) was pollution viewed (D) which was viewed pollution. `. 27. Aquatic plants range in size from microscopic algae to the royal water lily, a plant with leaves ………. may grow as broad as seven feet in diameter. (A) that (B) who (C) to which (D) in that 28. Among the 450 artworks in the White House art collection ............. (A) as is Mary Cassatt’s Young Mother and Two Children (B) is Mary Cassatt’s Young Mother and Two Children (C) which is Mary Cassatt’s Young Mother and Two Children (D) Mary Cassatt’s Young Mother and Two Children 29. An unconsolidated aggregate of silt particles is also termed silt, ................ a consolidated aggregate is called siltstone. (A) which (B) why (C) whereas The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|9 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(10)</span> Crazy English Community (D) whether 30. In 1864 the American Shakespearean actor Edwin Booth gained critical acclaim when he .................. Hamlet at the Winter Garden Theatre in New York City. (A) perform (B) performed (C) had been performing (D) having performed 31. -- are chiefly derived from petroleum. (A) Plastics today (B) There are plastics today (C) Because today plastics today (D) Due to plastics today 32. Most tangerine trees and their flowers and fruits resemble ............... the orange, although tangerines are generally smaller. (A) of those (B) which of those (C) those of (D) which are of 33. Ohio. the center of .............. the Hopewen culture, has the greatest concentration of ancient burial mounds in the United States. (A) called (B) what is called (C) that is called (D) is called 34. ..............., such as jazz, are often played from memory rather than from a written score. (A) Of some types music (B) Music some of types (C) Some types of music (D) Types of music some 35. During the 1850’, reform movements ............. temperance and the abolition of slavery gained strength in the United States. (A) advocating (B) they had advocated (C) to advocating (D) to advocate when 36. Many meteorites are thought to have originated from .............. that once existed between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. (A) where a planet or planets (B) a planet or planets so (C) which a planet or planets (D) a planet or planets 37.The modem automobile is a .............. composed of more than 14,000 parts. (A) complex technical system (B) system of complex technical (C) complex technical system that (D) system is technically complex The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|10 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(11)</span> Crazy English Community 38. In Earth’s infancy, its surface was warm enough for life ............. the young Sun was fainter than it is today. (A) in spite of (B) whether (C) neither of which (D) even though 39. The invention of the compound microscope (which allowed much higher magnification through multiple lenses) made ............... the great strides in life sciences. (A) it possible (B) possibly (C) possible (D) it was possible 40. Hares generally have longer ears and hind legs than rabbits and move by jumping ............. running (A) rather to be (B) rather than (C) are rather (D) as rather. The more people we help, the more successful we are Hotline: 01688883024. Page|11 ETCrazy.edu.vn.

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