Tài liệu Từ vựng sách English Time bài 7 doc

www.englishtime.us
UNIT 7: TRADE AND TREASURE

1 LISTENING

1. lottery /’
lOtCrI/ noun [count] a game designed to raise money by selling lottery tickets that people buy, hoping that
their numbers are chosen by chance in the drawing so that they win a money prize: xổ số
lottery ticket noun [count] vé số
She won a million dollars in the lottery.

2. winnings /’
wInINz/ noun [plural] money that you win: tiền thắng cuộc, được bạc.

3. base on /
beIs On/ phrasal verb [transitive usually passive] base something on something to use particular ideas or
facts to make a decision, do a calculation, or develop a theory: dựa vào, căn cứ vào
The prosecution’s case is based largely on evidence from ex-members of the gang.
base noun [count] a set of ideas, facts, achievements, etc. from which something can develop: căn cứ, cơ sở, nền
Income from magazine publishing provides the company with a strong financial base.

4. the one used for emphasizing the only person or thing of a particular type: THE ONLY: duy nhất
The one way to succeed is to work hard and live a healthy life:

5. pretty /’
prIti/ adverb MAINLY SPOKEN
1 fairly: hơi hơi
My TV’s getting pretty old now.
2 very: rất
The weather is pretty awful, isn’t it?

6. promise /’
prOmIs/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to tell someone you will definitely do something: hứa
The police chief promised tougher action against young criminals.
promise to do something Æ Peter wished he’d never promised to help them.
promise noun [count] a statement in which you say that something will definitely happen, or you will definitely do
something: lời hứa
promise to Æ Audrey remembered her promise to her father that she would work harder.
keep a promise: giữ lời hứa

7. original /
C’rIdZInCl/ (adj) [only before noun] existing at the beginning of a period or process, before any changes
have been made: FIRST: ban đầu, gốc
Do you know who the car’s original owner is?
origin /’
OrIdZIn/ noun [count] the place or moment where something begins to exist: nguồn gốc, xuất xứ
The origins of the custom are unknown.

8. in the end MAINLY SPOKEN finally, after a period of time or thought: cuối cùng
In the end, we decided not to buy it.
—opposite IN THE BEGINNING

9. ending /’
endIN/ noun [count] the last part of a story, film or movie, etc: phần kết, đoạn kết
Children usually prefer books with a happy ending.
—opposite OPENING


2 VOCABULARY

10. earn /
E:n/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to receive money for work that you do: kiếm tiền
She doesn’t earn much money, but she enjoys the work.
The company earned profits of $22 million in the last year.

11. save /
seIv/ verb [transitive] to avoid using something such as money, time, or energy, or use less of it: tiết kiệm, để
dành
You can save $100 by buying your tickets before Saturday.
savings /’
seIvINz/ [plural] money that you have saved in a bank or invested so that you can use it later: tiền
tiết kiệm
Prepared by Mr. Tuan Kiet & Ms. Giang Thanh
1/6
The money for the flight came out of my savings.

12. afford /
C’fc:d/ verb [transitive] if you can afford something, you have enough money to be able to pay for it. This
word always follows “can,” “could,” or “be able to”: có đủ tiền (để làm gì đó)
We need a bigger house, but we just can’t afford the rent.
affordable /
C’fc:dCbl/ (adj) inexpensive enough for ordinary people to afford: rẻ, có thể trả được
affordable housing/childcare

13. offer /’
OfC(r)/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to let someone know that you are willing to do something for them: đề
nghị
offer to do something Æ I do think you should have offered to help.

14. lend /lend/ verb (past tense and past participle lent /lent/) [transitive] to give someone something for a short time,

expecting that they will give it back to you later. If you lend someone something, they borrow it from you: cho mượn
lend someone something Æ She lent me her very expensive coat.
lend something to someone Æ Joe lent this car to us for the weekend.

15. borrow /’
bOrCU/ verb [transitive] to receive and use something that belongs to someone else, and promise to give it
back to them later: mượn
Can I borrow your calculator?
borrow something from someone/something Æ I borrowed a camera from Alex.

16. owe /CU/ verb [transitive] if you owe someone money, you have to give them a particular amount of money because you
have bought something from them or borrowed money from them: mắc nợ
owe someone something Æ Pam still owes me $5.
owe something to someone Æ The companies owe as much as $200 billion to foreign lenders.

5 READING

17. lined /
laInd/ (adj) lined skin has a lot of lines on it, which you get as you become older: WRINKLED: nhăn nheo
a deeply lined face

18. bear /
beC(r)/ (past tense bore /bc:(r)/; past participle borne /bc:(r)n/) verb [transitive] to have features or
qualities that show that something happened in the past: mang, có
He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars

19. testimony /’
testImCnI/ noun [singular or uncount] evidence that something exists or is true: chứng cớ
be (a) testimony to/of sth Æ The latest trade figures are testimony to the failure of this administration’s policies.

20. iron /’
aIrn/ noun [count] a device for making clothes flat and smooth, especially after they have been washed, which
has a handle and a flat base and is usually electrically heated
: bàn ủi
iron verb [intransitive or transitive]
to make clothes flat and smooth using an iron: ủi đồ
Would you iron this shirt for me?
ironing noun [uncount]
clothes which are waiting to be ironed or have just been ironed: đồ cần ủi
a huge pile of ironing

21. include /
In’klu:d/ verb [transitive] [never progressive] to contain someone or something as a part of something
else:
bao gồm
The price includes dinner, bed, and breakfast.
inclusion /
In’klu:Zn/ noun [uncount] the action of including someone or something in a group, arrangement,
document, etc.: sự gồm cả
With the inclusion of Italy next season, the number of member countries will increase to six.

22. generation /,
dxZenC'reISn/ noun [count] all the people of about the same age within a particular family (or
within a society)
: thế hệ
generation of Æ The novel is about several generations of an immigrant family.
the generation gap: the difference in opinions or behavior between older and younger people which often causes
problems between them: khoảng cách thế hệ.
generational (adj)
generational differences

2/6
www.englishtime.us
23. initial /
I’nISl/ adj [only before noun] happening at the beginning of a process, or when you first see or hear about
something: ban đầu
At the initial stage of the project not everyone had access to a computer.
initially /
I’nISlI/ (adv) ORIGINALLY
Initially she worked for us as an intern.

24. charge /
tSa:dZ/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to ask an amount of money for something, especially a service or
activity
: đòi (một số tiền) như giá phải trả
I’m not going there again, they charged (me) £ 1 for a cup of coffee
charge noun [count or uncount]
the amount of money that you have to pay for something, especially for an activity
or service
: giá tiền phải trả
admission charge: tiền vào cửa

25. bundle /’
bVndl/ noun [count] a number of things that have been tied together, especially so that you can carry them
easily: bó, bọc
a bundle of Æ a bundle of clean clothes
bundle or bundle up [transitive] to put things into groups and wrap or tie them together: buộc, bó
Their clothes were bundled into plastic bags.

26. inflation /
In’fleISn/ noun [uncount] an economic process in which prices increase so that money becomes less
valuable: nạn lạm phát
Your pension is protected against inflation.
inflate /
In’fleIt / verb[transitive] to make a number or price higher than it should be: gây lạm phát

27. rise /raIz/ (past tense rose; past participle risen) verb [intransitive] to increase in size, amount, quality, or strength:
tăng lên
Salaries will continue to rise in line with inflation.
rise in price/value Æ Gas rose in price as the war continued.
rise noun [count] an increase in size, amount, quality, or strength: sự tăng
rise in Æ The threat of a sudden rise in oil prices

28. recall /rI’kc:l/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to remember something: nhớ
recall (that)Æ I seem to recall that you said you would do that yesterday.
recall noun [uncount] the ability to remember something: trí nhớ
She has almost total recall of her conversations with the President.

29. commence /
kC’ments/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to begin something: bắt đầu(cái gì)
We will commence building work in August of next year.
commencement /kC’mentsmCnt/ noun
1 [count or uncount] the beginning of something: sự bắt đầu
2 [count] a ceremony at which students formally receive their degrees: lễ phát bằng

30. accumulate /
C’kju:mjUleIt/ verb
1 [transitive] to get more and more of something over a period of time: tích lũy
Over the years, I had accumulated hundreds of books.

2 [intransitive] to increase in quantity over a period of time: tăng lên
Medical evidence for the benefits of the procedure has been accumulating.
accumulation /
C,kju:mjU’leISn/ noun [count or uncount] the process by which something increases in
amount or is collected together over time: sự tích lũy
Slow accumulation of cholesterol in the arteries.

31. frugal /’
fru:gl/ (adj) spending very little money and only on things that are really necessary: căn cơ, tiết kiệm
frugality /
fru:’gAlCtI/ noun [uncount]
frugally adv

32. donate /
dCU’neIt/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to give something such as money or goods to an organization,
especially to a school, hospital, political party, or CHARITY: hiến tặng
donate something to somebody/something Æ Would you be willing to donate some of your time to a good
cause?
donation /
dCU’neISn/ noun [uncount] the act of giving money or goods to an organization: sự hiến tặng
The bank has promised a donation of $24 million toward the disaster fund.
Prepared by Mr. Tuan Kiet & Ms. Giang Thanh
3/6

33. article /’
a:tIkl/ noun [count] a piece of writing about a particular subject that is published in a newspaper or
magazine:
bài báo
article on/about something Æ We ran an article about her in our magazine.

34. honor /’
OnC(r)/ verb [transitive] to show your respect or admiration for someone, especially by giving them a prize or
title, or by praising them publicly: kính trọng, tôn vinh
She will be honored for her work in promoting friendship between the two countries.
honor noun [uncount] the respect that people have for someone who achieves something great, who is very
powerful, or who behaves in a way that is morally right: thanh danh, danh dự
Shame and honor were what motivated people.
honorable /’
OnCrCbl/ (adj) an honorable person is someone who deserves respect because they behave
according to high moral standards: danh giá, đáng kính
Your father was an honorable man.

35. demonstrate /’
demCnstreIt/ verb [transitive] to show clearly that something is true or that it exists: chứng minh
demonstrate that Æ The study demonstrates that cigarette advertising does encourage children to smoke.
demonstration /
,demCn’streISn / noun [count or uncount]

36. -spoken /
-’spCUkCn/ (suffix) kết hợp với một số trạng từ để tạo thành tính từ miêu tả cách một người nào đó nói
chuyện
quiet-spoken Æ nói chuyện nhỏ nhẹ

37. appreciate /
C’pri:SIeIt/ verb [transitive never progressive] to recognize the good or special qualities of a person,
place, or thing: đánh giá cao, trân trọng
She feels that her family doesn’t really appreciate her.
appreciation /
C,pri:SI’eISn/ noun [singular or uncount]
An appreciation of the poet’s work.

38. inspire /
In’spaIr/ verb [transitive] to give someone the enthusiasm to do or create something: thúc đẩy, truyền cảm
hứng
inspire someone to do something Æ We use interactive displays to inspire children to read and write for pleasure.
inspiration /,
InspI’reISn/ noun [count or uncou] a sudden feeling of enthusiasm or a new idea that helps you
to do or create something: cảm hứng
Dreams are a rich source of inspiration for some writers.

39. contribute /’
kOntrIbju:t/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to give something, especially money, in order to provide
or achieve something together with other people
: đóng góp
contribute something to/toward something Æ He promised to contribute $5,000 toward the cost of the lawsuit.
contribution /
,kOntrI’bju:Sn/ noun [count] something that you do that helps to achieve something or to
make it successful: đóng góp
make a contribution Æ Community police have made a very positive contribution to crime prevention.

40. double /’dVbl/ verb [intransitive] to become twice as big, twice as much, or twice as many: gấp đôi
The number of people out of work has doubled in the last five years.
double in size/amount/price etc. ÆTheir house has doubled in value since they bought it.
double (adj) containing or consisting of twice as much of something as normal: gấp đôi
double chocolate chip cookies


6 LANGUAGE IN ACTION: TRANSACTIONS

41. check /

tSek/ [count] AMERICAN a piece of paper that you are given in a restaurant showing you how much money you
owe. Another word for this is bill, which is the usual British word: hóa đơn thanh toán
How much is the check?

42. treat /
trIt/ noun [singular] an occasion when you pay for something for someone else: sự thết đãi
This is my treat.
treat verb [transitive] to behave toward someone in a particular way: đối đãi, cư xử
You should treat others politely.

4/6
www.englishtime.us

43. cash /
kAS/ verb [transitive] to exchange a check for its value in bills and coins: đổi ra tiền mặt
Can I cash a check at the front desk?
cash noun [uncount] money in the form of bills and coins: tiền mặt
in cash Æ Do you want to pay in cash or by credit card?

44. identification /aI,dentIfI’keISn/ noun [uncount] something that proves who you are, especially a document
with your name and a photograph = ID: giấy chứng minh
Can you show me some identification?

7 LISTENING

45. trade /
treId/ verb [intransitive] to buy or sell goods or services: buôn bán, kinh doanh
trade with Æ We need to trade with Eastern Europe more.
trade noun [uncount] the activities of buying and selling goods or services: buôn bán, thương mại
trade with Æ Spain wants to develop its trade with the Philippines.

46. barter /’
bo:tC(r)/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to exchange goods or services for other goods or services instead of
using money: đổi hàng lấy hàng
They got what they needed by bartering their livestock.
barter /’
bo:tC(r)/ noun [uncount] the system of paying for goods or services with other goods or services
instead of using money: sự trao đổi hàng hóa
a barter economy

47. a little (bit) less: ít hơn một chút
I wish you’d do a bit less talking and a bit more work.

48. agree /
C’gri:/ verb [not usually progressive] [intransitive or transitive] to have the same opinion as someone else:
đồng ý
agree with somebody about something Æ I agree with my mother about most things.
agree to do something Æ The school agreed to send the students on the field trip.
agree (that) Æ We all agree that we should celebrate this event.
agree on/about Æ The committee members agreed on the need for more information.
agree to a request/ suggestion/ proposal Æ We have agreed to their request for a full investigation.
agreement /
C’gri:mCnt/ noun [count or uncount] the situation when people have the same opinion or have
made the same decision about something: sự đồng ý, đồng tình
agreeable /C’gri:Cbl/ ~ (to sth) adj to be willing to do or accept something: sẵn sàng đồng ý, tán thành.

49. advance /
Cd’vAns/ noun [count or uncount] progress or an instance of progress in science, technology, human
knowledge, etc.:sự tiến bộ
In spite of all its advances, medical science still knows little about the brain.

in advance if you do something in advance, you do it in preparation for a particular time or event in the future: trước
(về thời gian)
Details of the meeting had been circulated well in advance.

50. in return (for something) as payment or in exchange for something, or as a way of thanking someone for something:
đáp lại
I bought him a drink in return for his help.

51. get something over with or get something over : to do something or allow something to happen, because you want
it to be finished or you want to start something else: hoàn thành cái gì
I wanted to get the interview over with as quickly as possible.

52. option /’
OpSn/ noun [count] something that you can choose in a particular situation: lựa chọn
option for Æ have three different options for financing the house.
optional /’
OpSCnl/ (adj) something that is optional is available or possible if you want it, but you do not have to
have it or do it: tự chọn, không bắt buộc
The price includes hotel and meals – entertainment is optional.

53. favor /’
feIvC/ noun [count] something that you do for someone in order to help them: sự giúp đỡ
do someone a favor: giúp đỡ ai Æ Could you do me a small favor?

Prepared by Mr. Tuan Kiet & Ms. Giang Thanh
5/6
54. appointment /C’pcIntmCnt/ noun [count] an arrangement to see someone at a particular time, especially for a
business meeting or to get a professional service: cuộc hẹn
appointment to do something Æ I have an appointment to see my lawyer next Saturday.

55. it’s a deal SPOKEN used for saying that you agree to something

56. deal /
dICl/ (past tense and past participle dealt) verb [intransitive or transitive]
deal with something: to solve a problem, carry out a task, etc: đối phó, giải quyết

57. strategy /’
strAtCdZI/ noun [count] a plan or method for achieving something, especially over a long period of time:
chiến lược
successful language-learning strategies

58. babysit /’
beIbI sIt/ (past tense and past participle babysat) verb [intransitive or transitive] to take care of
children in their home while their parents are not there, especially in the evening: giữ trẻ
I’ll ask my mother to babysit.
babysitting /’
beIbI,sItIN/ noun [uncount]
babysitter /’
beIbI.,sItCr/ noun [count] someone you pay to come to your house and take care of your
children while you are not there, especially in the evening: người giữ trẻ.


13 READING, SPEAKING, AND WRITING


59. flyer /’
flaIC(r)/ noun [count] (another spelling of flier) an announcement or advertisement that is printed on paper
and given to people: LEAFLET: tờ rơi quảng cáo
Someone was handing out fliers advertising the sale.

60. solve /
sOlv/ verb [transitive]
1 to find a solution to something that is causing difficulties: giải quyết
solve a problem Æ We can help you solve your financial problems.
2 to find the reason or explanation for something: làm sang tỏ
solve a mystery Æ He hopes to solve the mystery of the plane’s disappearance.
solution /
sC’lu:Sn / noun [count] a way to solve a problem or deal with a bad situation: giải pháp
solution to/for Æ U.N. leaders are working hard to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.

61. fun /
fVn/ noun [uncount] enjoyment, especially from an activity that is not important or serious: sự thích thú
I hate to spoil your fun but it’s time to go home now.
fun (adj) [only before noun] enjoyable: thú vị
Scuba diving is a fun thing to do.
funny /’
fVni/ (adj) someone or something that is funny makes you laugh: buồn cười
a funny story/joke

62. hunt /
hVnt/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to search for something or someone; to try to find something or someone:
lùng kiếm
hunt for: We hunted for rabbits in the hills.
hunt noun [count]
a search for something or someone: sự tìm kiếm, lùng sục
A nationwide hunt has been launched for the missing child.

63. annual /’
AnjUCl/ (adj) happening once a year: xảy ra hàng năm
an annual festival/vacation/report

annually adv
The exhibition is held annually.

64. raise /
reIz/ verb [transitive] to collect money for a particular purpose: gây quỹ
We managed to raise over $4,000 through donations and other events.

65. charity /’
tSArItI/ noun
1 [count] an organization to which you give money so that it can give money and help to people who are poor or
sick, or who need advice and support: hội từ thiện
The March of Dimes is a registered charity.

6/6
www.englishtime.us
2 [uncount] kindness that you show toward other people by not judging them or criticizing them too severely: lòng từ
thiện
raise money for charity: quyên góp tiền cho công việc từ thiện

66. trophy /’
trCUfI/ noun [count] a large silver cup or similar object given as a prize to the winner of a competition,
especially a sports event: cúp
win/capture/take a trophy Æ Mexico has not captured the trophy since 1975.

67. clue /klu:/ noun [count] an object or fact that someone discovers that helps them solve a crime or mystery: manh mối
Detectives were brought in to help search for clues.

68. proceeds /’
prCUsi:dz/ noun [plural] money that a person or organization makes from selling or winning
something, or from organizing an event or activity: tiền thu được

They gave a concert and donated the proceedsto charity: Họ tổ chức một buổi hòa nhạc và tặng tiền thu được cho
hội từ thiện.

69. underneath /,
VndC’ni:T/ (adv) used for describing the lower surface of something that faces down: dưới, bên dưới
Underneath you will see soft silky fur, very different from the fur on the animal’s back.
Prepared by Mr. Tuan Kiet & Ms. Giang Thanh
7/6