Cac de luyen thi

SỞ GIÁO DỤC ĐÀO TẠO
ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC
(Đề gồm có 03 trang)

ÔN THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG
NĂM HỌC 2017- 2018
MÔN TIẾNG ANH ~ MÃ ĐỀ 865
Thời gian: 60 phút - khơng tính thời gian giao đề

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from
the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1:A. doll
B. pole
C. post
D. toll
Question 2:A. mango
B. shank
C. angry
D. change
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
Question 3: The wheel, .......has remained important for 4,000 years, is one of mankind's first inventions.
A. how
B. when
C. about
D. which
Question 4:.......there is a close correlation between stress and illness.
A. Some psychologists believe
B. Some psychologists believing
C. Some psychologists to believe
D. Believed some psychologists

Question 5: Perspiration increases........vigorous exercise or hot weather.
A. when
B. for
C. at the time
D. during
Question 6: Although dissimilar in almost every other respect, birds and insects have both evolved
efficient.......capabilities.
A. flying
B. fly
C. to fly
D. is frying
Question 7: A home computer……an opportunity for convenient and efficient work at home.
A. provides
B. to be providing
C. providing it
D. which provides
Question 8: Goddard developed the first rocket to fly faster.......
A. than sound is
B. sound
C. does sound
D. than sound
Question 9: I forgot to.......earlier that I'll be home late this evening.
A. relate
B. announce
C. narrate
D. mention
Question 10: Even if the unemployment rate........sharply, the drop may still be temporary.
A. have dropped
B. to drop
C. dropping

D. drops
Question 11: Some of the rainwater from clouds evaporates before.......
A. reaching the ground B. to reach the ground
C. the ground reaches
D. reach the ground
Question 12: Sometimes sleep itself wears people out and is worse than the lack of.......
A. the desire to sleep who
B. to desire sleep is
C. the desire to sleep
D. to sleep the desire
Question 13:........children master the basics, advanced development becomes easier.
A. Once
B. The
C. Even
D. That
Question 14: "Let's go! What's taking you so long?" ~ "I'll be there as soon as I.......my keys."
A. find
B. found
C. am finding
D. will find
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the
following exchanges.
Question 15: ~ A: “What’s your favorite cosmetic item?” ~ B: “..............”
A. Channel perfume and Louboutin shoes
B. A diamond ring and a platinum bracelet.
C. A cherry red lipstick.
D. A Chambers’ hat and
Drake’s tie
Question 16: ~ A: “What style do you choose to wear?” ~ B: “..............”
A. That’s to my taste.

B. I prefer Lady Gaga’s.
C. I choose a formal or informal dress.
D. Black silk.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
BRINGING UP CHILDREN
Where one stage of child development has been left out, or not sufficiently experienced, the child may have to go
back and capture the experience of it. A good home makes this possible - for example, by providing the
opportunity for the child to play with a clockwork car or toy railway train up to any age if he still needs to do so.
This principle, in fact, underlies all psychological treatment of children in difficulties with their development, and
is the basic of work in child clinics.
The beginnings of discipline are in the nursery. Even the youngest baby is taught by gradual stages to wait for
food, to sleep and wake at regular intervals and so on. If the child feels the world around him is a warm and
friendly one, he slowly accepts its rhythm and accustoms himself to conforming to its demands. Learning to wait
for things, particularly for food, is a very important element in upbringing, and is achieved successfully only if too


great demands are not made before the child can understand them. Every parent watches eagerly the child's
acquisition of each new skill: the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and
writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous
feelings of failure and states of anxiety in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use
a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he
reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses
his natural zest for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Learning together is a fruitful source of
relationship between children and parents. By playing together, parents learn more about their children and
children learn more from their parents. Toys and games which both parents and children can share are an important
means of achieving this co-operation. Building-block toys, jigsaw puzzles and crosswords are good examples.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness or indulgence towards their children. Some may be especially
strict in money matters; others are severe over times of coming home at night, punctuality for meals or personal
cleanliness. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as

much as the child's own happiness and well-being.
With regard to the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental
teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should
realize that "example is better than precept". If they are hypocritical and do not practise what they preach, their
children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and
realize they have been, to some extent, deceived. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents'
ethics and their morals can be a dangerous disillusion.
Question 17: The practice of the rule "Example is better than precept"......
A. only works when the children grow old enough to think for themselves
B. will free a child from disillusion when he grows up
C. is too difficult for all parents to exercise
D. would help avoid the necessity for ethics and morals
Question 18: The word ‘imposed’ in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to.......
A. introduced
B. made
C. excepted
D. constrained
Question 19: The word ‘zest’ in the 2nd paragraph can be best replaced by.......
A. enthusiasm
B. enjoyment
C. excitement
D. appetite
Question 20: The phrase ‘conforming to’ in the 2nd paragraph means.......
A. agreeing with
B. following
C. adapting to
D. accepting
Question 21: The principle underlying all treatment of developmental difficulties in children.......
A. is to capture them before they are sufficiently experienced B. is to send them to clinics
C. is in the provision of clockwork toys and trains

D. offers recapture of earlier experiences
Question 22: The encouragement of children to achieve new skills.......
A. can never be taken too far
B. should be balanced and moderate
C. should be focused on only at school
D. will always assist their development
Question 23: Learning to wait for things is successfully taught.......
A. is achieved successfully by all children
B. only if excessive demands are avoided
C. because excessive demands are not advisable
D. in spite of excessive demands being made
Question 24: Parental controls and discipline.......
A. serve a dual purpose
B. reflect only the values of the community
C. are designed to promote the child’s happiness
D. should be avoided as far as possible
Question 25: Hypocrisy on the part of the parents may.......
A. disqualify their teachings altogether
B. make their children lose faith in them
C. result in their children’s wrong behaviour
D. impair their children’s mind
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 26: We paid through the nose to get the car fixed and it still doesn't go properly.
A. spent too much
B. charge high
C. pay too much money for D. haggle
Question 27: The seven cities of Troy excavated gave new meaning to the remains of ancient peoples.
A. burned down
B. dug up

C. concealed
D. buried
Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the passage. Mark your choice on the answer sheet.
The word 'desertification' was first used in 1949 by the French geographer Andre Aubreville to describe the
change in North and equatorial Africa from productive savanna forest, grasslands, and shrublands into
unproductive desert. Desertification does not refer to the expansion of existing deserts, but rather to the
degradation of productive drylands (rangeland or cropland) into less productive desert. Drylands occur on every
continent, and are estimated to cover around 40 percent of the earth's surface. In the past, drylands recovered after


long droughts and dry periods through shifting agricultural practices, nomadic herding, and so forth. Today,
however, pressure on drylands is heightened due to intensive agricultural practices and increasing populations.
Desertification became well known in the 1930's, when parts of the Great Plains in the United States turned into the
"Dust Bowl" as a result of drought and poor practices in farming (although the term itself was not used until 1949).
The massive erosion during those years has been blamed on inappropriate use of technology (ploughing the
prairies), overpopulation in the affected region, and lack of rainfall. Many people believe that the problems related
to the Dust Bowl have been solved by resettlement of some of the remaining population, the establishment of
National Grasslands and the Soil Conservation Service, government spending and regulation, and the return in
most years of "normal rainfall." However, the United Nations reports that Texas and New Mexico are some of the
fastest, most severely desertifying areas of the wrorld.
We have lots of names for this problem: droughts and floods, weeds, overgrazing, wildfire, endangered species,
and the chronic downtrodden state of the agricultural economy (in spite of massive subsidies, enormous technical
improvements, and overseas markets). These are problems for that tiny sector of the economy known as
agriculture. Although we have separate government agencies in charge of each of the symptoms, these "rural
problems" can and do turn into urban problems. According to the U.N.'s Kofi Annan, "drought and desertification
threaten the livelihood of over 1 billion people in more than 110 countries around the world." According to the UN
Convention to Combat Desertification, "70 percent of the world's drylands (excluding hyper-arid deserts), or some
3.600 million hectares, are degraded."
In 1992, Rhodesian wildlife biologist Allan Savory came to a startling conclusion. Most experts on
desertification blame overpopulation, over-stocking with livestock, overcutting of trees, poverty, warfare,

inadequate technology or education, or shifting cultivation. In West Texas, where Savory was working at the time,
none of these causes were present. Rural population was declining, livestock numbers were down from earlier
decades, mesquite trees were encroaching, there was peace. Money, technology, and education were abundant, all
land was privately owned, and there was no shifting cultivation. West Texas was desertifying as rapidly as the
worst areas of Africa or Asia.
Savory felt that the decision framework that most people use, and which they are unconsciously trained, is well
adapted to treat symtoms, but leaves the causes unaddressed. Savon' was forced to conclude that the lack of a
holistic decision framework was the fundamental cause of human-induced desertification, in both ancient and
modem times.
By 1992, the United Nations Environment Programme had spent $6 billion treating the symptoms of
desertification, with another 3 billion called for. Though some people are skeptical of the U.N's figures for the rate
at which productive land is turning into unproductive sert, the reality worldwide is that land deterioration continues
to have serious impact on the quality of people's lives. We owe it to ourselves and to future generations to
understand the causes of desertification and loss of biodiversity, and to support the numerous practitioned costeffective, successful approaches. More efficient use of existing waiter resources and control of salinization have
proven to be effective tools for improving arid lands. New ways are being sought to use surface-water resources
such as rainwater harvesting or irrigating seasonal runoff from adjacent highlands. Further, new methods of fiiding
and tapping groundwater resources are also being pursued, as as developing more effective ways of irrigating arid
and semi-arid land. Research on the reclamation of deserts is focusing on discover proper crop rotation to protect
the fragile soil, on understanding sand-fixing plants can be adapted to local environments, and on grazing lands and
water resources can be developed effectively without being overused.
Question 28: It can be inferred from paragraph 6 that.....
A. the U.N.'s figures regarding desertification are undisputed
B. desertification is an important global issue that needs cost effective solutions
C. the problem of desertification may not be as serious as previously thought
D. not enough money has been spent on treating the symptoms of desertification
Question 29: The word "encroaching" in the passage could best be replaced by......
A. declining
B. retreating
C. advancing
D. dispersing

Question 30: According to the passage, what did Savory conclude was the primary cause of human-induced
desertification?
A. Shifting cultivation trends
B. The effects of global warming
C. Politicians have not taken the problem seriously enough D. A lack of a holistic decision framework
Question 31: The word "degradation" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to......
A. betterment
B. enhancement
C. deterioration
D. improvement
Question 32: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way of controlling de-sertification?
A. Rainwater harvesting
B. More efficient use of
water resources
C. Increased government funding
D. Irrigating with seasonal runoff


Question 33: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Research on desert reclamation
B. Inappropriate use of technology
C. Factors limiting crop production
D. Desertification
Question 34: The word "downtrodden" in the passage closest in meaning to......
A. commendable
B. miserable
C. urban
D. esteemed
Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting. Mark your choice on the
answer sheet.

Question 35: Marry charity organizations have brought food supplies and clothes to flood-effecting areas in the
Mekong Delta.
A. flood-effecting
B. have brought
C. the
D. charity
Question 36: Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago because of the earth's climate changed drastically.
A. because of
B. the earth's
C. drastically
D. became extinct
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each
of the following questions.
Question 37: It was a mistake for her to marry Peter.
A. She and Peter weren’t married in the right way.
B. Peter didn’t want to get married, so it was his mistake.
C. She shouldn’t have married Peter.
D. She ought to think again before she marries Peter.
Question 38: I tried hard, but I couldn’t reach him.
A. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t reach him. B. Though trying hard, I could reach him.
C. Hard as I tried, I couldn’t meet him.
D. Despite trying hard, he was unable to reach.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of
sentences in the following questions.
Question 39: Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years. Its facilities have been lacking
proper maintenance.
A. If enrollment in the university had not been dropping in recent years, its facilities would have been lacking
proper maintenance.
B. Even though enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, its facilities have been lacking
proper maintenance.

C. Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, and its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
D. Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, because its facilities have been lacking
proper maintenance.
Question 40: I had to hand the project over to Max. You didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
A. When I had to hand the project over to Max, you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
B. I had to hand the project over to Max, because you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
C. Although I had to hand the project over to Max, you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
D. If I had had to hand the project over to Max, you would have responded to any of my e-mails.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 41: As soon as they met they started to rub each other up the wrong way.
A. annoyed without intending to
B. shook hands excitedly
C. told about old things
D. fought one another
Question 42: Anna laid a wet blanket as we suggested spending our holidays in the mountains.
A. bought clothes
B. denounced the idea
C. prepared things for the trip
D. resisted joining
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES
Imagine life without electricity! What effect would that have on the typical British family? Well, there would be
no hot water for showers in the morning or, more importantly, the ...(43)... cup of tea! Most families use kettles for
this - electric water boilers that sit in every British kitchen. Then, of course, you wouldn’t be able to charge your
phone, tablet or laptop. Now that’s serious!
And when you left the house, ...(44)... wouldn’t be any traffic lights, cash machines or supermarkets. You might
think that is just a horror story, but the lights might go out sooner than we think if we don’t act soon and move to

renewable energy. These are forms of energy which protect the environment as they do not produce carbon dioxide


emissions that ...(45)... to climate change. They are often cheaper because the energy is generated from 100 percent
natural resources - so they can never ...(46)... out like coal!
So what forms of renewable energy are there? Electricitycan also be provided by the wind (wind power), the sun
(solar power), the sea (tidal/wave power) and even by volcanoes (geothermal power). The type of energy a country
uses depends a lot on geography. Sunny Spain has more solar power than the UK and volcanic Iceland has much
more geothermal power.
In the UK, wind power is one of the most popular forms of renewable energy. It used to represent only a fraction
of the country’s energy supply but now it provides a mighty eleven percent. In fact, Britain currently ...(47)... at
number six in the world’s wind power producers, with over 7,000 onshore wind turbines. And now there are almost
5,000 turbines offshore as well (that's in the middle of the sea!), making it the world leader. Why not visit the
largest offshore wind farm in the world at the ...(48)... of the River Thames?
[Source: Wider
World 3, Pearson, 2015]
Question 43:A. optional B. festival
C. traditional
D. national
Question 44:A. there
B. they
C. you
D. it
Question 45:A. lead
B. cause
C. expose
D. gain
Question 46:A. run
B. stand
C. go

D. put
Question 47:A. rises
B. grows
C. ranks
D. stands
Question 48:A. mouth
B. bottom
C. bank
D. centre
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in
the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 49:A. substitute B. refusal
C. phenomenon
D. magnetic
Question 50:A. machine B. majesty
C. manure
D. magnificent
The End


SỞ GIÁO DỤC ĐÀO TẠO
ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC
(Đề gồm có 03 trang)

ÔN THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG
NĂM HỌC 2017- 2018
MÔN TIẾNG ANH ~ MÃ ĐỀ 365
Thời gian: 60 phút - khơng tính thời gian giao đề
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 1:A. mango
B. shank
C. angry
D. change
Question 2:A. post
B. pole
C. toll
D. doll
Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the passage. Mark your choice on the answer sheet.
The word 'desertification' was first used in 1949 by the French geographer Andre Aubreville to describe the change in North
and equatorial Africa from productive savanna forest, grasslands, and shrublands into unproductive desert. Desertification
does not refer to the expansion of existing deserts, but rather to the degradation of productive drylands (rangeland or
cropland) into less productive desert. Drylands occur on every continent, and are estimated to cover around 40 percent of the
earth's surface. In the past, drylands recovered after long droughts and dry periods through shifting agricultural practices,
nomadic herding, and so forth. Today, however, pressure on drylands is heightened due to intensive agricultural practices and
increasing populations. Desertification became well known in the 1930's, when parts of the Great Plains in the United States
turned into the "Dust Bowl" as a result of drought and poor practices in farming (although the term itself was not used until
1949). The massive erosion during those years has been blamed on inappropriate use of technology (ploughing the prairies),
overpopulation in the affected region, and lack of rainfall. Many people believe that the problems related to the Dust Bowl
have been solved by resettlement of some of the remaining population, the establishment of National Grasslands and the Soil
Conservation Service, government spending and regulation, and the return in most years of "normal rainfall." However, the
United Nations reports that Texas and New Mexico are some of the fastest, most severely desertifying areas of the wrorld.
We have lots of names for this problem: droughts and floods, weeds, overgrazing, wildfire, endangered species, and the
chronic downtrodden state of the agricultural economy (in spite of massive subsidies, enormous technical improvements,
and overseas markets). These are problems for that tiny sector of the economy known as agriculture. Although we have
separate government agencies in charge of each of the symptoms, these "rural problems" can and do turn into urban problems.
According to the U.N.'s Kofi Annan, "drought and desertification threaten the livelihood of over 1 billion people in more than
110 countries around the world." According to the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, "70 percent of the world's
drylands (excluding hyper-arid deserts), or some 3.600 million hectares, are degraded."
In 1992, Rhodesian wildlife biologist Allan Savory came to a startling conclusion. Most experts on desertification blame

overpopulation, over-stocking with livestock, overcutting of trees, poverty, warfare, inadequate technology or education, or
shifting cultivation. In West Texas, where Savory was working at the time, none of these causes were present. Rural
population was declining, livestock numbers were down from earlier decades, mesquite trees were encroaching, there was
peace. Money, technology, and education were abundant, all land was privately owned, and there was no shifting cultivation.
West Texas was desertifying as rapidly as the worst areas of Africa or Asia.
Savory felt that the decision framework that most people use, and which they are unconsciously trained, is well adapted to
treat symtoms, but leaves the causes unaddressed. Savon' was forced to conclude that the lack of a holistic decision
framework was the fundamental cause of human-induced desertification, in both ancient and modem times.
By 1992, the United Nations Environment Programme had spent $6 billion treating the symptoms of desertification, with
another 3 billion called for. Though some people are skeptical of the U.N's figures for the rate at which productive land is
turning into unproductive sert, the reality worldwide is that land deterioration continues to have serious impact on the quality
of people's lives. We owe it to ourselves and to future generations to understand the causes of desertification and loss of
biodiversity, and to support the numerous practitioned cost-effective, successful approaches. More efficient use of existing
waiter resources and control of salinization have proven to be effective tools for improving arid lands. New ways are being
sought to use surface-water resources such as rainwater harvesting or irrigating seasonal runoff from adjacent highlands.
Further, new methods of fiiding and tapping groundwater resources are also being pursued, as as developing more effective
ways of irrigating arid and semi-arid land. Research on the reclamation of deserts is focusing on discover proper crop
rotation to protect the fragile soil, on understanding sand-fixing plants can be adapted to local environments, and on grazing
lands and water resources can be developed effectively without being overused.
Question 3: The word "downtrodden" in the passage closest in meaning to......
A. esteemed
B. commendable
C. urban
D. miserable
Question 4: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Desertification
B. Factors limiting crop production
C. Inappropriate use of technology
D. Research on desert reclamation
Question 5: It can be inferred from paragraph 6 that.....

A. not enough money has been spent on treating the symptoms of desertification
B. the U.N.'s figures regarding desertification are undisputed
C. the problem of desertification may not be as serious as previously thought
D. desertification is an important global issue that needs cost effective solutions
Question 6: According to the passage, what did Savory conclude was the primary cause of human-induced desertification?
A. Shifting cultivation trends
B. Politicians have not taken the problem seriously enough
C. A lack of a holistic decision framework
D. The effects of global warming
Question 7: The word "encroaching" in the passage could best be replaced by......


A. dispersing
B. retreating
C. advancing
D. declining
Question 8: The word "degradation" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to......
A. betterment
B. improvement
C. enhancement
D. deterioration
Question 9: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way of controlling de-sertification?
A. Increased government funding
B. Rainwater harvesting
C. More efficient use of water resources
D. Irrigating with seasonal runoff
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
Question 10: ~ A: “What style do you choose to wear?” ~ B: “..............”
A. I prefer Lady Gaga’s.

B. I choose a formal or informal dress.
C. That’s to my taste.
D. Black silk.
Question 11: ~ A: “What’s your favorite cosmetic item?” ~ B: “..............”
A. Channel perfume and Louboutin shoes
B. A Chambers’ hat and Drake’s tie
C. A cherry red lipstick.
D. A diamond ring and a platinum bracelet.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 12: Anna laid a wet blanket as we suggested spending our holidays in the mountains.
A. bought clothes
B. prepared things for the trip
C. denounced the idea
D. resisted joining
Question 13: As soon as they met they started to rub each other up the wrong way.
A. fought one another
B. annoyed without intending to
C. told about old things
D. shook hands excitedly
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 14: We paid through the nose to get the car fixed and it still doesn't go properly.
A. pay too much money for B. haggle
C. charge high
D. spent too much
Question 15: The seven cities of Troy excavated gave new meaning to the remains of ancient peoples.
A. buried
B. dug up
C. burned down

D. concealed
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES
Imagine life without electricity! What effect would that have on the typical British family? Well, there would be no hot
water for showers in the morning or, more importantly, the ...(16)... cup of tea! Most families use kettles for this - electric
water boilers that sit in every British kitchen. Then, of course, you wouldn’t be able to charge your phone, tablet or laptop.
Now that’s serious!
And when you left the house, ...(17)... wouldn’t be any traffic lights, cash machines or supermarkets. You might think that
is just a horror story, but the lights might go out sooner than we think if we don’t act soon and move to renewable energy.
These are forms of energy which protect the environment as they do not produce carbon dioxide emissions that ...(18)... to
climate change. They are often cheaper because the energy is generated from 100 percent natural resources - so they can
never ...(19)... out like coal!
So what forms of renewable energy are there? Electricitycan also be provided by the wind (wind power), the sun (solar
power), the sea (tidal/wave power) and even by volcanoes (geothermal power). The type of energy a country uses depends a
lot on geography. Sunny Spain has more solar power than the UK and volcanic Iceland has much more geothermal power.
In the UK, wind power is one of the most popular forms of renewable energy. It used to represent only a fraction of the
country’s energy supply but now it provides a mighty eleven percent. In fact, Britain currently ...(20)... at number six in the
world’s wind power producers, with over 7,000 onshore wind turbines. And now there are almost 5,000 turbines offshore as
well (that's in the middle of the sea!), making it the world leader. Why not visit the largest offshore wind farm in the world at
the ...(21)... of the River Thames?
[Source: Wider World 3, Pearson, 2015]
Question 16:A. optional
B. festival
C. national
D. traditional
Question 17:A. it
B. you
C. they
D. there

Question 18:A. cause
B. gain
C. expose
D. lead
Question 19:A. put
B. stand
C. go
D. run
Question 20:A. ranks
B. grows
C. rises
D. stands
Question 21:A. mouth
B. centre
C. bottom
D. bank
Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting. Mark your choice on the answer sheet.
Question 22: Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago because of the earth's climate changed drastically.
A. the earth's
B. because of
C. drastically
D. became extinct
Question 23: Marry charity organizations have brought food supplies and clothes to flood-effecting areas in the Mekong
Delta.
A. charity
B. have brought
C. the
D. flood-effecting
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Question 24:A. machine
B. magnificent
C. manure
D. majesty


Question 25:A. refusal
B. substitute
C. magnetic
D. phenomenon
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences
in the following questions.
Question 26: I had to hand the project over to Max. You didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
A. I had to hand the project over to Max, because you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
B. When I had to hand the project over to Max, you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
C. If I had had to hand the project over to Max, you would have responded to any of my e-mails.
D. Although I had to hand the project over to Max, you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
Question 27: Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years. Its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
A. If enrollment in the university had not been dropping in recent years, its facilities would have been lacking proper
maintenance.
B. Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, because its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
C. Even though enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
D. Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, and its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 28: Perspiration increases........vigorous exercise or hot weather.
A. for

B. at the time
C. during
D. when
Question 29:........children master the basics, advanced development becomes easier.
A. Once
B. That
C. Even
D. The
Question 30: A home computer……an opportunity for convenient and efficient work at home.
A. provides
B. providing it
C. to be providing
D. which provides
Question 31: Sometimes sleep itself wears people out and is worse than the lack of.......
A. to sleep the desire
B. to desire sleep is
C. the desire to sleep
D. the desire to sleep who
Question 32: Some of the rainwater from clouds evaporates before.......
A. the ground reaches
B. reach the ground
C. to reach the ground
D. reaching the ground
Question 33:.......there is a close correlation between stress and illness.
A. Some psychologists believing
B. Believed some psychologists
C. Some psychologists to believe
D. Some psychologists believe
Question 34: Even if the unemployment rate........sharply, the drop may still be temporary.
A. dropping

B. have dropped
C. drops
D. to drop
Question 35: I forgot to.......earlier that I'll be home late this evening.
A. mention
B. announce
C. narrate
D. relate
Question 36: The wheel, .......has remained important for 4,000 years, is one of mankind's first inventions.
A. which
B. how
C. when
D. about
Question 37: Although dissimilar in almost every other respect, birds and insects have both evolved
efficient.......capabilities.
A. fly
B. is frying
C. to fly
D. flying
Question 38: Goddard developed the first rocket to fly faster.......
A. than sound
B. sound
C. does sound
D. than sound is
Question 39: "Let's go! What's taking you so long?" ~ "I'll be there as soon as I.......my keys."
A. found
B. will find
C. find
D. am finding
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to

each of the questions.
BRINGING UP CHILDREN
Where one stage of child development has been left out, or not sufficiently experienced, the child may have to go back and
capture the experience of it. A good home makes this possible - for example, by providing the opportunity for the child to
play with a clockwork car or toy railway train up to any age if he still needs to do so. This principle, in fact, underlies all
psychological treatment of children in difficulties with their development, and is the basic of work in child clinics.
The beginnings of discipline are in the nursery. Even the youngest baby is taught by gradual stages to wait for food, to sleep
and wake at regular intervals and so on. If the child feels the world around him is a warm and friendly one, he slowly accepts
its rhythm and accustoms himself to conforming to its demands. Learning to wait for things, particularly for food, is a very
important element in upbringing, and is achieved successfully only if too great demands are not made before the child can
understand them. Every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill: the first spoken words, the first
independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning
rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of anxiety in the child. This might happen at any stage. A
baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the
meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning
opportunities, he loses his natural zest for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Learning together is a fruitful


source of relationship between children and parents. By playing together, parents learn more about their children and children
learn more from their parents. Toys and games which both parents and children can share are an important means of
achieving this co-operation. Building-block toys, jigsaw puzzles and crosswords are good examples.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness or indulgence towards their children. Some may be especially strict in
money matters; others are severe over times of coming home at night, punctuality for meals or personal cleanliness. In
general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own
happiness and well-being.
With regard to the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching.
To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that "example is
better than precept". If they are hypocritical and do not practise what they preach, their children may grow confused and
emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been, to some extent,
deceived. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' ethics and their morals can be a dangerous

disillusion.
Question 40: Hypocrisy on the part of the parents may.......
A. result in their children’s wrong behaviour
B. disqualify their teachings altogether
C. impair their children’s mind
D. make their children lose faith in them
Question 41: The principle underlying all treatment of developmental difficulties in children.......
A. is to capture them before they are sufficiently experienced B. is in the provision of clockwork toys and trains
C. is to send them to clinics
D. offers recapture of earlier experiences
Question 42: The word ‘imposed’ in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to.......
A. constrained
B. introduced
C. made
D. excepted
Question 43: Parental controls and discipline.......
A. reflect only the values of the community
B. serve a dual purpose
C. are designed to promote the child’s happiness
D. should be avoided as far as possible
Question 44: The phrase ‘conforming to’ in the 2nd paragraph means.......
A. adapting to
B. accepting
C. agreeing with
D. following
Question 45: The word ‘zest’ in the 2nd paragraph can be best replaced by.......
A. enjoyment
B. excitement
C. appetite
D. enthusiasm

Question 46: Learning to wait for things is successfully taught.......
A. only if excessive demands are avoided
B. is achieved successfully by all children
C. in spite of excessive demands being made
D. because excessive demands are not advisable
Question 47: The encouragement of children to achieve new skills.......
A. will always assist their development
B. can never be taken too far
C. should be focused on only at school
D. should be balanced and moderate
Question 48: The practice of the rule "Example is better than precept"......
A. will free a child from disillusion when he grows up
B. is too difficult for all parents to exercise
C. would help avoid the necessity for ethics and morals
D. only works when the children grow old enough to think for themselves
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
Question 49: I tried hard, but I couldn’t reach him.
A. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t reach him.
B. Though trying hard, I could reach him.
C. Despite trying hard, he was unable to reach.
D. Hard as I tried, I couldn’t meet him.
Question 50: It was a mistake for her to marry Peter.
A. Peter didn’t want to get married, so it was his mistake.
B. She shouldn’t have married Peter.
C. She and Peter weren’t married in the right way.
D. She ought to think again before she marries Peter.
The End

SỞ GIÁO DỤC ĐÀO TẠO
ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC
(Đề gồm có 03 trang)

ÔN THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG
NĂM HỌC 2017- 2018
MÔN TIẾNG ANH ~ MÃ ĐỀ 353
Thời gian: 60 phút - khơng tính thời gian giao đề
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1:A. mango
B. shank
C. angry
D. change
Question 2:A. post
B. toll
C. pole
D. doll
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
BRINGING UP CHILDREN
Where one stage of child development has been left out, or not sufficiently experienced, the child may have to go back and
capture the experience of it. A good home makes this possible - for example, by providing the opportunity for the child to
play with a clockwork car or toy railway train up to any age if he still needs to do so. This principle, in fact, underlies all
psychological treatment of children in difficulties with their development, and is the basic of work in child clinics.
The beginnings of discipline are in the nursery. Even the youngest baby is taught by gradual stages to wait for food, to sleep
and wake at regular intervals and so on. If the child feels the world around him is a warm and friendly one, he slowly accepts
its rhythm and accustoms himself to conforming to its demands. Learning to wait for things, particularly for food, is a very
important element in upbringing, and is achieved successfully only if too great demands are not made before the child can
understand them. Every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill: the first spoken words, the first

independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning
rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of anxiety in the child. This might happen at any stage. A
baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the
meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning
opportunities, he loses his natural zest for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Learning together is a fruitful
source of relationship between children and parents. By playing together, parents learn more about their children and children
learn more from their parents. Toys and games which both parents and children can share are an important means of
achieving this co-operation. Building-block toys, jigsaw puzzles and crosswords are good examples.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness or indulgence towards their children. Some may be especially strict in
money matters; others are severe over times of coming home at night, punctuality for meals or personal cleanliness. In
general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own
happiness and well-being.
With regard to the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching.
To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that "example is
better than precept". If they are hypocritical and do not practise what they preach, their children may grow confused and
emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been, to some extent,
deceived. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' ethics and their morals can be a dangerous
disillusion.
Question 3: The principle underlying all treatment of developmental difficulties in children.......
A. offers recapture of earlier experiences
B. is to send them to clinics
C. is in the provision of clockwork toys and trains
D. is to capture them before they are sufficiently experienced
Question 4: The word ‘imposed’ in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to.......
A. excepted
B. constrained
C. made
D. introduced
Question 5: Hypocrisy on the part of the parents may.......
A. make their children lose faith in them

B. disqualify their teachings altogether
C. result in their children’s wrong behaviour
D. impair their children’s mind
nd
Question 6: The phrase ‘conforming to’ in the 2 paragraph means.......
A. following
B. adapting to
C. accepting
D. agreeing with
Question 7: The practice of the rule "Example is better than precept"......
A. would help avoid the necessity for ethics and morals
B. will free a child from disillusion when he grows up
C. is too difficult for all parents to exercise
D. only works when the children grow old enough to think for themselves
Question 8: Learning to wait for things is successfully taught.......
A. in spite of excessive demands being made
B. is achieved successfully by all children
C. only if excessive demands are avoided
D. because excessive demands are not advisable
Question 9: Parental controls and discipline.......
A. are designed to promote the child’s happiness
B. serve a dual purpose
C. should be avoided as far as possible
D. reflect only the values of the community
nd
Question 10: The word ‘zest’ in the 2 paragraph can be best replaced by.......
A. enjoyment
B. enthusiasm
C. appetite
D. excitement

Question 11: The encouragement of children to achieve new skills.......
A. should be focused on only at school
B. will always assist their development


C. should be balanced and moderate
D. can never be taken too far
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
Question 12: ~ A: “What’s your favorite cosmetic item?” ~ B: “..............”
A. Channel perfume and Louboutin shoes
B. A Chambers’ hat and Drake’s tie
C. A cherry red lipstick.
D. A diamond ring and a platinum bracelet.
Question 13: ~ A: “What style do you choose to wear?” ~ B: “..............”
A. Black silk.
B. I choose a formal or informal dress.
C. I prefer Lady Gaga’s.
D. That’s to my taste.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
Question 14: It was a mistake for her to marry Peter.
A. She and Peter weren’t married in the right way.
B. She ought to think again before she marries Peter.
C. Peter didn’t want to get married, so it was his mistake.
D. She shouldn’t have married Peter.
Question 15: I tried hard, but I couldn’t reach him.
A. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t reach him.
B. Though trying hard, I could reach him.
C. Hard as I tried, I couldn’t meet him.

D. Despite trying hard, he was unable to reach.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 16: As soon as they met they started to rub each other up the wrong way.
A. told about old things
B. fought one another
C. shook hands excitedly
D. annoyed without intending to
Question 17: Anna laid a wet blanket as we suggested spending our holidays in the mountains.
A. denounced the idea
B. resisted joining
C. bought clothes
D. prepared things for the trip
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 18: A home computer……an opportunity for convenient and efficient work at home.
A. provides
B. to be providing
C. which provides
D. providing it
Question 19: Even if the unemployment rate........sharply, the drop may still be temporary.
A. drops
B. to drop
C. have dropped
D. dropping
Question 20: Although dissimilar in almost every other respect, birds and insects have both evolved
efficient.......capabilities.
A. is frying
B. flying
C. to fly
D. fly

Question 21: Perspiration increases........vigorous exercise or hot weather.
A. at the time
B. during
C. for
D. when
Question 22: The wheel, .......has remained important for 4,000 years, is one of mankind's first inventions.
A. how
B. when
C. about
D. which
Question 23: I forgot to.......earlier that I'll be home late this evening.
A. announce
B. mention
C. relate
D. narrate
Question 24: Goddard developed the first rocket to fly faster.......
A. than sound
B. than sound is
C. does sound
D. sound
Question 25: Sometimes sleep itself wears people out and is worse than the lack of.......
A. to desire sleep is
B. the desire to sleep
C. the desire to sleep who
D. to sleep the desire
Question 26:.......there is a close correlation between stress and illness.
A. Some psychologists believe
B. Some psychologists believing
C. Believed some psychologists
D. Some psychologists to believe

Question 27: Some of the rainwater from clouds evaporates before.......
A. reaching the ground B. the ground reaches
C. to reach the ground
D. reach the ground
Question 28:........children master the basics, advanced development becomes easier.
A. Even
B. Once
C. That
D. The
Question 29: "Let's go! What's taking you so long?" ~ "I'll be there as soon as I.......my keys."
A. will find
B. find
C. found
D. am finding
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 30: The seven cities of Troy excavated gave new meaning to the remains of ancient peoples.
A. concealed
B. dug up
C. buried
D. burned down
Question 31: We paid through the nose to get the car fixed and it still doesn't go properly.
A. charge high
B. pay too much money for
C. haggle
D. spent too much
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences
in the following questions.

Question 32: I had to hand the project over to Max. You didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
A. If I had had to hand the project over to Max, you would have responded to any of my e-mails.
B. When I had to hand the project over to Max, you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
C. I had to hand the project over to Max, because you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
D. Although I had to hand the project over to Max, you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
Question 33: Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years. Its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
A. Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, because its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
B. Even though enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
C. Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, and its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
D. If enrollment in the university had not been dropping in recent years, its facilities would have been lacking proper
maintenance.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES
Imagine life without electricity! What effect would that have on the typical British family? Well, there would be no hot
water for showers in the morning or, more importantly, the ...(34)... cup of tea! Most families use kettles for this - electric
water boilers that sit in every British kitchen. Then, of course, you wouldn’t be able to charge your phone, tablet or laptop.
Now that’s serious!
And when you left the house, ...(35)... wouldn’t be any traffic lights, cash machines or supermarkets. You might think that
is just a horror story, but the lights might go out sooner than we think if we don’t act soon and move to renewable energy.
These are forms of energy which protect the environment as they do not produce carbon dioxide emissions that ...(36)... to
climate change. They are often cheaper because the energy is generated from 100 percent natural resources - so they can
never ...(37)... out like coal!
So what forms of renewable energy are there? Electricitycan also be provided by the wind (wind power), the sun (solar
power), the sea (tidal/wave power) and even by volcanoes (geothermal power). The type of energy a country uses depends a
lot on geography. Sunny Spain has more solar power than the UK and volcanic Iceland has much more geothermal power.

In the UK, wind power is one of the most popular forms of renewable energy. It used to represent only a fraction of the
country’s energy supply but now it provides a mighty eleven percent. In fact, Britain currently ...(38)... at number six in the
world’s wind power producers, with over 7,000 onshore wind turbines. And now there are almost 5,000 turbines offshore as
well (that's in the middle of the sea!), making it the world leader. Why not visit the largest offshore wind farm in the world at
the ...(39)... of the River Thames?
[Source: Wider World 3, Pearson, 2015]
Question 34:A. national
B. traditional
C. festival
D. optional
Question 35:A. it
B. they
C. there
D. you
Question 36:A. expose
B. cause
C. gain
D. lead
Question 37:A. stand
B. go
C. put
D. run
Question 38:A. stands
B. ranks
C. rises
D. grows
Question 39:A. centre
B. bank
C. bottom
D. mouth

Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the passage. Mark your choice on the answer sheet.
The word 'desertification' was first used in 1949 by the French geographer Andre Aubreville to describe the change in North
and equatorial Africa from productive savanna forest, grasslands, and shrublands into unproductive desert. Desertification
does not refer to the expansion of existing deserts, but rather to the degradation of productive drylands (rangeland or
cropland) into less productive desert. Drylands occur on every continent, and are estimated to cover around 40 percent of the
earth's surface. In the past, drylands recovered after long droughts and dry periods through shifting agricultural practices,
nomadic herding, and so forth. Today, however, pressure on drylands is heightened due to intensive agricultural practices and
increasing populations. Desertification became well known in the 1930's, when parts of the Great Plains in the United States
turned into the "Dust Bowl" as a result of drought and poor practices in farming (although the term itself was not used until
1949). The massive erosion during those years has been blamed on inappropriate use of technology (ploughing the prairies),
overpopulation in the affected region, and lack of rainfall. Many people believe that the problems related to the Dust Bowl
have been solved by resettlement of some of the remaining population, the establishment of National Grasslands and the Soil
Conservation Service, government spending and regulation, and the return in most years of "normal rainfall." However, the
United Nations reports that Texas and New Mexico are some of the fastest, most severely desertifying areas of the wrorld.
We have lots of names for this problem: droughts and floods, weeds, overgrazing, wildfire, endangered species, and the
chronic downtrodden state of the agricultural economy (in spite of massive subsidies, enormous technical improvements,
and overseas markets). These are problems for that tiny sector of the economy known as agriculture. Although we have
separate government agencies in charge of each of the symptoms, these "rural problems" can and do turn into urban problems.
According to the U.N.'s Kofi Annan, "drought and desertification threaten the livelihood of over 1 billion people in more than
110 countries around the world." According to the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, "70 percent of the world's
drylands (excluding hyper-arid deserts), or some 3.600 million hectares, are degraded."


In 1992, Rhodesian wildlife biologist Allan Savory came to a startling conclusion. Most experts on desertification blame
overpopulation, over-stocking with livestock, overcutting of trees, poverty, warfare, inadequate technology or education, or
shifting cultivation. In West Texas, where Savory was working at the time, none of these causes were present. Rural
population was declining, livestock numbers were down from earlier decades, mesquite trees were encroaching, there was
peace. Money, technology, and education were abundant, all land was privately owned, and there was no shifting cultivation.
West Texas was desertifying as rapidly as the worst areas of Africa or Asia.
Savory felt that the decision framework that most people use, and which they are unconsciously trained, is well adapted to

treat symtoms, but leaves the causes unaddressed. Savon' was forced to conclude that the lack of a holistic decision
framework was the fundamental cause of human-induced desertification, in both ancient and modem times.
By 1992, the United Nations Environment Programme had spent $6 billion treating the symptoms of desertification, with
another 3 billion called for. Though some people are skeptical of the U.N's figures for the rate at which productive land is
turning into unproductive sert, the reality worldwide is that land deterioration continues to have serious impact on the quality
of people's lives. We owe it to ourselves and to future generations to understand the causes of desertification and loss of
biodiversity, and to support the numerous practitioned cost-effective, successful approaches. More efficient use of existing
waiter resources and control of salinization have proven to be effective tools for improving arid lands. New ways are being
sought to use surface-water resources such as rainwater harvesting or irrigating seasonal runoff from adjacent highlands.
Further, new methods of fiiding and tapping groundwater resources are also being pursued, as as developing more effective
ways of irrigating arid and semi-arid land. Research on the reclamation of deserts is focusing on discover proper crop
rotation to protect the fragile soil, on understanding sand-fixing plants can be adapted to local environments, and on grazing
lands and water resources can be developed effectively without being overused.
Question 40: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Research on desert reclamation
B. Inappropriate use of technology
C. Desertification
D. Factors limiting crop production
Question 41: The word "downtrodden" in the passage closest in meaning to......
A. miserable
B. esteemed
C. commendable
D. urban
Question 42: The word "degradation" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to......
A. deterioration
B. enhancement
C. improvement
D. betterment
Question 43: It can be inferred from paragraph 6 that.....
A. not enough money has been spent on treating the symptoms of desertification

B. the U.N.'s figures regarding desertification are undisputed
C. the problem of desertification may not be as serious as previously thought
D. desertification is an important global issue that needs cost effective solutions
Question 44: The word "encroaching" in the passage could best be replaced by......
A. advancing
B. declining
C. dispersing
D. retreating
Question 45: According to the passage, what did Savory conclude was the primary cause of human-induced
desertification?
A. Politicians have not taken the problem seriously enough
B. A lack of a holistic
decision framework
C. Shifting cultivation trends
D. The effects of global warming
Question 46: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way of controlling de-sertification?
A. More efficient use of water resources
B. Irrigating with seasonal runoff
C. Rainwater harvesting D. Increased government funding
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 47:A. magnetic B. phenomenon
C. refusal
D. substitute
Question 48:A. magnificent B. machine
C. majesty
D. manure
Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting. Mark your choice on the answer sheet.
Question 49: Marry charity organizations have brought food supplies and clothes to flood-effecting areas in the Mekong
Delta.

A. flood-effecting
B. have brought
C. the
D. charity
Question 50: Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago because of the earth's climate changed drastically.
A. drastically
B. the earth's
C. because of
D. became extinct
The End


SỞ GIÁO DỤC ĐÀO TẠO
ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC
(Đề gồm có 00 trang)

ÔN THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG
NĂM HỌC 2017- 2018
MÔN TIẾNG ANH ~ MÃ ĐỀ 583
Thời gian: 60 phút - khơng tính thời gian giao đề
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1:A. pole
B. toll
C. post
D. doll
Question 2:A. shank
B. change
C. angry
D. mango

Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the passage. Mark your choice on the answer sheet.
The word 'desertification' was first used in 1949 by the French geographer Andre Aubreville to describe the change in North
and equatorial Africa from productive savanna forest, grasslands, and shrublands into unproductive desert. Desertification
does not refer to the expansion of existing deserts, but rather to the degradation of productive drylands (rangeland or
cropland) into less productive desert. Drylands occur on every continent, and are estimated to cover around 40 percent of the
earth's surface. In the past, drylands recovered after long droughts and dry periods through shifting agricultural practices,
nomadic herding, and so forth. Today, however, pressure on drylands is heightened due to intensive agricultural practices and
increasing populations. Desertification became well known in the 1930's, when parts of the Great Plains in the United States
turned into the "Dust Bowl" as a result of drought and poor practices in farming (although the term itself was not used until
1949). The massive erosion during those years has been blamed on inappropriate use of technology (ploughing the prairies),
overpopulation in the affected region, and lack of rainfall. Many people believe that the problems related to the Dust Bowl
have been solved by resettlement of some of the remaining population, the establishment of National Grasslands and the Soil
Conservation Service, government spending and regulation, and the return in most years of "normal rainfall." However, the
United Nations reports that Texas and New Mexico are some of the fastest, most severely desertifying areas of the wrorld.
We have lots of names for this problem: droughts and floods, weeds, overgrazing, wildfire, endangered species, and the
chronic downtrodden state of the agricultural economy (in spite of massive subsidies, enormous technical improvements,
and overseas markets). These are problems for that tiny sector of the economy known as agriculture. Although we have
separate government agencies in charge of each of the symptoms, these "rural problems" can and do turn into urban problems.
According to the U.N.'s Kofi Annan, "drought and desertification threaten the livelihood of over 1 billion people in more than
110 countries around the world." According to the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, "70 percent of the world's
drylands (excluding hyper-arid deserts), or some 3.600 million hectares, are degraded."
In 1992, Rhodesian wildlife biologist Allan Savory came to a startling conclusion. Most experts on desertification blame
overpopulation, over-stocking with livestock, overcutting of trees, poverty, warfare, inadequate technology or education, or
shifting cultivation. In West Texas, where Savory was working at the time, none of these causes were present. Rural
population was declining, livestock numbers were down from earlier decades, mesquite trees were encroaching, there was
peace. Money, technology, and education were abundant, all land was privately owned, and there was no shifting cultivation.
West Texas was desertifying as rapidly as the worst areas of Africa or Asia.
Savory felt that the decision framework that most people use, and which they are unconsciously trained, is well adapted to
treat symtoms, but leaves the causes unaddressed. Savon' was forced to conclude that the lack of a holistic decision
framework was the fundamental cause of human-induced desertification, in both ancient and modem times.

By 1992, the United Nations Environment Programme had spent $6 billion treating the symptoms of desertification, with
another 3 billion called for. Though some people are skeptical of the U.N's figures for the rate at which productive land is
turning into unproductive sert, the reality worldwide is that land deterioration continues to have serious impact on the quality
of people's lives. We owe it to ourselves and to future generations to understand the causes of desertification and loss of
biodiversity, and to support the numerous practitioned cost-effective, successful approaches. More efficient use of existing
waiter resources and control of salinization have proven to be effective tools for improving arid lands. New ways are being
sought to use surface-water resources such as rainwater harvesting or irrigating seasonal runoff from adjacent highlands.
Further, new methods of fiiding and tapping groundwater resources are also being pursued, as as developing more effective
ways of irrigating arid and semi-arid land. Research on the reclamation of deserts is focusing on discover proper crop
rotation to protect the fragile soil, on understanding sand-fixing plants can be adapted to local environments, and on grazing
lands and water resources can be developed effectively without being overused.
Question 3: It can be inferred from paragraph 6 that.....
A. not enough money has been spent on treating the symptoms of desertification
B. the U.N.'s figures regarding desertification are undisputed
C. the problem of desertification may not be as serious as previously thought
D. desertification is an important global issue that needs cost effective solutions
Question 4: According to the passage, what did Savory conclude was the primary cause of human-induced desertification?
A. A lack of a holistic decision framework
B. Shifting cultivation trends
C. The effects of global warming
D. Politicians have not taken the problem seriously enough
Question 5: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way of controlling de-sertification?
A. More efficient use of water resources
B. Increased government funding
C. Irrigating with seasonal runoff
D. Rainwater harvesting
Question 6: The word "degradation" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to......
A. deterioration
B. improvement
C. betterment

D. enhancement
Question 7: What does the passage mainly discuss?


A. Inappropriate use of technology
B. Factors limiting crop production
C. Desertification
D. Research on desert reclamation
Question 8: The word "downtrodden" in the passage closest in meaning to......
A. esteemed
B. urban
C. miserable
D. commendable
Question 9: The word "encroaching" in the passage could best be replaced by......
A. dispersing
B. retreating
C. advancing
D. declining
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences
in the following questions.
Question 10: I had to hand the project over to Max. You didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
A. Although I had to hand the project over to Max, you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
B. If I had had to hand the project over to Max, you would have responded to any of my e-mails.
C. When I had to hand the project over to Max, you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
D. I had to hand the project over to Max, because you didn’t respond to any of my e-mails.
Question 11: Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years. Its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
A. Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, because its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
B. Enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, and its facilities have been lacking proper

maintenance.
C. If enrollment in the university had not been dropping in recent years, its facilities would have been lacking proper
maintenance.
D. Even though enrollment in the university has been dropping in recent years, its facilities have been lacking proper
maintenance.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
Question 12: ~ A: “What’s your favorite cosmetic item?” ~ B: “..............”
A. A diamond ring and a platinum bracelet.
B. A Chambers’ hat and Drake’s tie
C. A cherry red lipstick.
D. Channel perfume and Louboutin shoes
Question 13: ~ A: “What style do you choose to wear?” ~ B: “..............”
A. Black silk.
B. I prefer Lady Gaga’s.
C. That’s to my taste.
D. I choose a formal or informal dress.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 14: The seven cities of Troy excavated gave new meaning to the remains of ancient peoples.
A. buried
B. concealed
C. burned down
D. dug up
Question 15: We paid through the nose to get the car fixed and it still doesn't go properly.
A. haggle
B. charge high
C. spent too much
D. pay too much money for
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 16: Some of the rainwater from clouds evaporates before.......
A. reaching the ground B. to reach the ground
C. the ground reaches
D. reach the ground
Question 17:.......there is a close correlation between stress and illness.
A. Some psychologists to believe
B. Believed some psychologists
C. Some psychologists believing
D. Some psychologists believe
Question 18: Even if the unemployment rate........sharply, the drop may still be temporary.
A. dropping
B. have dropped
C. drops
D. to drop
Question 19: Although dissimilar in almost every other respect, birds and insects have both evolved
efficient.......capabilities.
A. fly
B. flying
C. is frying
D. to fly
Question 20:........children master the basics, advanced development becomes easier.
A. That
B. Once
C. The
D. Even
Question 21: The wheel, .......has remained important for 4,000 years, is one of mankind's first inventions.
A. about
B. which
C. when
D. how

Question 22: Goddard developed the first rocket to fly faster.......
A. than sound
B. sound
C. does sound
D. than sound is
Question 23: Perspiration increases........vigorous exercise or hot weather.
A. for
B. when
C. during
D. at the time
Question 24: I forgot to.......earlier that I'll be home late this evening.
A. announce
B. relate
C. mention
D. narrate
Question 25: "Let's go! What's taking you so long?" ~ "I'll be there as soon as I.......my keys."
A. find
B. found
C. am finding
D. will find
Question 26: Sometimes sleep itself wears people out and is worse than the lack of.......
A. the desire to sleep
B. to sleep the desire
C. to desire sleep is
D. the desire to sleep who


Question 27: A home computer……an opportunity for convenient and efficient work at home.
A. providing it
B. which provides

C. provides
D. to be providing
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 28:A. phenomenon B. magnetic
C. substitute
D. refusal
Question 29:A. majesty
B. machine
C. magnificent
D. manure
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES
Imagine life without electricity! What effect would that have on the typical British family? Well, there would be no hot
water for showers in the morning or, more importantly, the ...(30)... cup of tea! Most families use kettles for this - electric
water boilers that sit in every British kitchen. Then, of course, you wouldn’t be able to charge your phone, tablet or laptop.
Now that’s serious!
And when you left the house, ...(31)... wouldn’t be any traffic lights, cash machines or supermarkets. You might think that
is just a horror story, but the lights might go out sooner than we think if we don’t act soon and move to renewable energy.
These are forms of energy which protect the environment as they do not produce carbon dioxide emissions that ...(32)... to
climate change. They are often cheaper because the energy is generated from 100 percent natural resources - so they can
never ...(33)... out like coal!
So what forms of renewable energy are there? Electricitycan also be provided by the wind (wind power), the sun (solar
power), the sea (tidal/wave power) and even by volcanoes (geothermal power). The type of energy a country uses depends a
lot on geography. Sunny Spain has more solar power than the UK and volcanic Iceland has much more geothermal power.
In the UK, wind power is one of the most popular forms of renewable energy. It used to represent only a fraction of the
country’s energy supply but now it provides a mighty eleven percent. In fact, Britain currently ...(34)... at number six in the
world’s wind power producers, with over 7,000 onshore wind turbines. And now there are almost 5,000 turbines offshore as
well (that's in the middle of the sea!), making it the world leader. Why not visit the largest offshore wind farm in the world at

the ...(35)... of the River Thames?
[Source: Wider World 3, Pearson, 2015]
Question 30:A. optional
B. festival
C. traditional
D. national
Question 31:A. you
B. they
C. it
D. there
Question 32:A. gain
B. lead
C. expose
D. cause
Question 33:A. stand
B. run
C. go
D. put
Question 34:A. grows
B. ranks
C. stands
D. rises
Question 35:A. bank
B. centre
C. mouth
D. bottom
Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting. Mark your choice on the answer sheet.
Question 36: Marry charity organizations have brought food supplies and clothes to flood-effecting areas in the Mekong
Delta.
A. flood-effecting

B. the
C. have brought
D. charity
Question 37: Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago because of the earth's climate changed drastically.
A. the earth's
B. because of
C. became extinct
D. drastically
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 38: Anna laid a wet blanket as we suggested spending our holidays in the mountains.
A. denounced the idea
B. prepared things for the trip
C. resisted joining
D. bought clothes
Question 39: As soon as they met they started to rub each other up the wrong way.
A. annoyed without intending to
B. shook hands excitedly
C. told about old things D. fought one another
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
BRINGING UP CHILDREN
Where one stage of child development has been left out, or not sufficiently experienced, the child may have to go back and
capture the experience of it. A good home makes this possible - for example, by providing the opportunity for the child to
play with a clockwork car or toy railway train up to any age if he still needs to do so. This principle, in fact, underlies all
psychological treatment of children in difficulties with their development, and is the basic of work in child clinics.
The beginnings of discipline are in the nursery. Even the youngest baby is taught by gradual stages to wait for food, to sleep
and wake at regular intervals and so on. If the child feels the world around him is a warm and friendly one, he slowly accepts
its rhythm and accustoms himself to conforming to its demands. Learning to wait for things, particularly for food, is a very
important element in upbringing, and is achieved successfully only if too great demands are not made before the child can

understand them. Every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill: the first spoken words, the first
independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning
rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of anxiety in the child. This might happen at any stage. A
baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the
meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning
opportunities, he loses his natural zest for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Learning together is a fruitful


source of relationship between children and parents. By playing together, parents learn more about their children and children
learn more from their parents. Toys and games which both parents and children can share are an important means of
achieving this co-operation. Building-block toys, jigsaw puzzles and crosswords are good examples.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness or indulgence towards their children. Some may be especially strict in
money matters; others are severe over times of coming home at night, punctuality for meals or personal cleanliness. In
general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own
happiness and well-being.
With regard to the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching.
To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that "example is
better than precept". If they are hypocritical and do not practise what they preach, their children may grow confused and
emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been, to some extent,
deceived. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' ethics and their morals can be a dangerous
disillusion.
Question 40: The phrase ‘conforming to’ in the 2nd paragraph means.......
A. accepting
B. adapting to
C. agreeing with
D. following
Question 41: Hypocrisy on the part of the parents may.......
A. disqualify their teachings altogether
B. make their children lose faith in them
C. result in their children’s wrong behaviour

D. impair their children’s mind
Question 42: Parental controls and discipline.......
A. are designed to promote the child’s happiness
B. should be avoided as far as possible
C. reflect only the values of the community
D. serve a dual purpose
Question 43: The principle underlying all treatment of developmental difficulties in children.......
A. is in the provision of clockwork toys and trains
B. offers recapture of earlier experiences
C. is to send them to clinics
D. is to capture them before they are sufficiently experienced
Question 44: The practice of the rule "Example is better than precept"......
A. would help avoid the necessity for ethics and morals
B. is too difficult for all parents to exercise
C. will free a child from disillusion when he grows up
D. only works when the children grow old enough to think for themselves
Question 45: The word ‘imposed’ in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to.......
A. made
B. excepted
C. introduced
D. constrained
Question 46: Learning to wait for things is successfully taught.......
A. because excessive demands are not advisable
B. only if excessive demands are avoided
C. is achieved successfully by all children
D. in spite of excessive demands being made
Question 47: The encouragement of children to achieve new skills.......
A. can never be taken too far
B. will always assist their development
C. should be focused on only at school

D. should be balanced and moderate
Question 48: The word ‘zest’ in the 2nd paragraph can be best replaced by.......
A. enjoyment
B. excitement
C. appetite
D. enthusiasm
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
Question 49: It was a mistake for her to marry Peter.
A. She shouldn’t have married Peter.
B. She and Peter weren’t married in the right way.
C. Peter didn’t want to get married, so it was his mistake.
D. She ought to think again before she marries Peter.
Question 50: I tried hard, but I couldn’t reach him.
A. Despite trying hard, he was unable to reach.
B. Hard as I tried, I couldn’t meet him.
C. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t reach him.
D. Though trying hard, I could reach him.

The End


SỞ GIÁO DỤC ĐÀO TẠO
ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC
(Đề gồm có 03 trang)

ÔN THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG
NĂM HỌC 2017- 2018
MÔN TIẾNG ANH ~ MÃ ĐỀ 632
Thời gian: 60 phút - khơng tính thời gian giao đề

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1:A. angry
B. change
C. shank
D. mango
Question 2:A. toll
B. post
C. doll
D. pole
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
BRINGING UP CHILDREN
Where one stage of child development has been left out, or not sufficiently experienced, the child may have to go back and
capture the experience of it. A good home makes this possible - for example, by providing the opportunity for the child to
play with a clockwork car or toy railway train up to any age if he still needs to do so. This principle, in fact, underlies all
psychological treatment of children in difficulties with their development, and is the basic of work in child clinics.
The beginnings of discipline are in the nursery. Even the youngest baby is taught by gradual stages to wait for food, to sleep
and wake at regular intervals and so on. If the child feels the world around him is a warm and friendly one, he slowly accepts
its rhythm and accustoms himself to conforming to its demands. Learning to wait for things, particularly for food, is a very
important element in upbringing, and is achieved successfully only if too great demands are not made before the child can
understand them. Every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill: the first spoken words, the first
independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning
rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of anxiety in the child. This might happen at any stage. A
baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the
meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning
opportunities, he loses his natural zest for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Learning together is a fruitful
source of relationship between children and parents. By playing together, parents learn more about their children and children
learn more from their parents. Toys and games which both parents and children can share are an important means of
achieving this co-operation. Building-block toys, jigsaw puzzles and crosswords are good examples.

Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness or indulgence towards their children. Some may be especially strict in
money matters; others are severe over times of coming home at night, punctuality for meals or personal cleanliness. In
general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own
happiness and well-being.
With regard to the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching.
To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that "example is
better than precept". If they are hypocritical and do not practise what they preach, their children may grow confused and
emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been, to some extent,
deceived. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' ethics and their morals can be a dangerous
disillusion.
Question 3: The encouragement of children to achieve new skills.......
A. should be balanced and moderate
B. should be focused on only at school
C. will always assist their development
D. can never be taken too far
Question 4: Learning to wait for things is successfully taught.......
A. is achieved successfully by all children
B. only if excessive demands are avoided
C. in spite of excessive demands being made
D. because excessive demands are not advisable
Question 5: The principle underlying all treatment of developmental difficulties in children.......
A. is in the provision of clockwork toys and trains
B. is to capture them before they are sufficiently experienced
C. is to send them to clinics
D. offers recapture of earlier experiences
Question 6: Parental controls and discipline.......
A. should be avoided as far as possible
B. are designed to promote the child’s happiness
C. reflect only the values of the community
D. serve a dual purpose

Question 7: The practice of the rule "Example is better than precept"......
A. is too difficult for all parents to exercise
B. only works when the children grow old enough to think for themselves
C. will free a child from disillusion when he grows up
D. would help avoid the necessity for ethics and morals
Question 8: The word ‘zest’ in the 2nd paragraph can be best replaced by.......
A. appetite
B. excitement
C. enjoyment
D. enthusiasm
Question 9: Hypocrisy on the part of the parents may.......
A. result in their children’s wrong behaviour
B. make their children lose faith in them
C. disqualify their teachings altogether
D. impair their children’s mind
Question 10: The phrase ‘conforming to’ in the 2nd paragraph means.......
A. following
B. adapting to
C. accepting
D. agreeing with
Question 11: The word ‘imposed’ in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to.......


A. introduced
B. constrained
C. made
D. excepted
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
Question 12: ~ A: “What style do you choose to wear?” ~ B: “..............”

A. I prefer Lady Gaga’s.
B. That’s to my taste.
C. I choose a formal or informal dress.
D. Black or milk.
Question 13: ~ A: “What’s your favorite cosmetic item?” ~ B: “..............”
A. A cherry red lipstick.
B. Channel perfume and Louboutin shoes
C. A Chambers’ hat and Drake’s tie
D. A diamond ring and a platinum bracelet.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 14: Anna laid a wet blanket as we suggested spending our holidays in the mountains.
A. denounced the idea
B. resisted joining
C. bought clothes
D. prepared things for the trip
Question 15: As soon as they met they started to rub each other up the wrong way.
A. fought one another
B. shook hands excitedly
C. annoyed without intending to
D. told about old things
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
Question 16: It was a mistake for her to marry Peter.
A. She and Peter weren’t married in the right way.
B. Peter didn’t want to get married, so it was his mistake.
C. She ought to think again before she marries Peter.
D. She shouldn’t have married Peter.
Question 17: I tried hard, but I couldn’t reach him.
A. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t reach him.

B. Though trying hard, I could reach him.
C. Despite trying hard, he was unable to reach.
D. Hard as I tried, I couldn’t meet him.
Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the passage. Mark your choice on the answer sheet.
The word 'desertification' was first used in 1949 by the French geographer Andre Aubreville to describe the change in North
and equatorial Africa from productive savanna forest, grasslands, and shrublands into unproductive desert. Desertification
does not refer to the expansion of existing deserts, but rather to the degradation of productive drylands (rangeland or
cropland) into less productive desert. Drylands occur on every continent, and are estimated to cover around 40 percent of the
earth's surface. In the past, drylands recovered after long droughts and dry periods through shifting agricultural practices,
nomadic herding, and so forth. Today, however, pressure on drylands is heightened due to intensive agricultural practices and
increasing populations. Desertification became well known in the 1930's, when parts of the Great Plains in the United States
turned into the "Dust Bowl" as a result of drought and poor practices in farming (although the term itself was not used until
1949). The massive erosion during those years has been blamed on inappropriate use of technology (ploughing the prairies),
overpopulation in the affected region, and lack of rainfall. Many people believe that the problems related to the Dust Bowl
have been solved by resettlement of some of the remaining population, the establishment of National Grasslands and the Soil
Conservation Service, government spending and regulation, and the return in most years of "normal rainfall." However, the
United Nations reports that Texas and New Mexico are some of the fastest, most severely desertifying areas of the wrorld.
We have lots of names for this problem: droughts and floods, weeds, overgrazing, wildfire, endangered species, and the
chronic downtrodden state of the agricultural economy (in spite of massive subsidies, enormous technical improvements,
and overseas markets). These are problems for that tiny sector of the economy known as agriculture. Although we have
separate government agencies in charge of each of the symptoms, these "rural problems" can and do turn into urban problems.
According to the U.N.'s Kofi Annan, "drought and desertification threaten the livelihood of over 1 billion people in more than
110 countries around the world." According to the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, "70 percent of the world's
drylands (excluding hyper-arid deserts), or some 3.600 million hectares, are degraded."
In 1992, Rhodesian wildlife biologist Allan Savory came to a startling conclusion. Most experts on desertification blame
overpopulation, over-stocking with livestock, overcutting of trees, poverty, warfare, inadequate technology or education, or
shifting cultivation. In West Texas, where Savory was working at the time, none of these causes were present. Rural
population was declining, livestock numbers were down from earlier decades, mesquite trees were encroaching, there was
peace. Money, technology, and education were abundant, all land was privately owned, and there was no shifting cultivation.
West Texas was desertifying as rapidly as the worst areas of Africa or Asia.

Savory felt that the decision framework that most people use, and which they are unconsciously trained, is well adapted to
treat symtoms, but leaves the causes unaddressed. Savon' was forced to conclude that the lack of a holistic decision
framework was the fundamental cause of human-induced desertification, in both ancient and modem times.
By 1992, the United Nations Environment Programme had spent $6 billion treating the symptoms of desertification, with
another 3 billion called for. Though some people are skeptical of the U.N's figures for the rate at which productive land is
turning into unproductive sert, the reality worldwide is that land deterioration continues to have serious impact on the quality
of people's lives. We owe it to ourselves and to future generations to understand the causes of desertification and loss of
biodiversity, and to support the numerous practitioned cost-effective, successful approaches. More efficient use of existing
waiter resources and control of salinization have proven to be effective tools for improving arid lands. New ways are being


sought to use surface-water resources such as rainwater harvesting or irrigating seasonal runoff from adjacent highlands.
Further, new methods of fiiding and tapping groundwater resources are also being pursued, as as developing more effective
ways of irrigating arid and semi-arid land. Research on the reclamation of deserts is focusing on discover proper crop
rotation to protect the fragile soil, on understanding sand-fixing plants can be adapted to local environments, and on grazing
lands and water resources can be developed effectively without being overused.
Question 18: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Research on desert reclamation
B. Desertification
C. Inappropriate use of technology
D. Factors limiting crop production
Question 19: It can be inferred from paragraph 6 that.....
A. not enough money has been spent on treating the symptoms of desertification
B. desertification is an important global issue that needs cost effective solutions
C. the problem of desertification may not be as serious as previously thought
D. the U.N.'s figures regarding desertification are undisputed
Question 20: The word "encroaching" in the passage could best be replaced by......
A. advancing
B. declining
C. retreating

D. dispersing
Question 21: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way of controlling de-sertification?
A. More efficient use of water resources
B. Rainwater harvesting
C. Irrigating with seasonal runoff
D. Increased government funding
Question 22: According to the passage, what did Savory conclude was the primary cause of human-induced
desertification?
A. A lack of a holistic decision framework
B. The effects of global warming
C. Shifting cultivation trends
D. Politicians have not taken the problem seriously enough
Question 23: The word "downtrodden" in the passage closest in meaning to......
A. esteemed
B. commendable
C. miserable
D. urban
Question 24: The word "degradation" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to......
A. enhancement
B. improvement
C. betterment
D. deterioration
Choose the underlined word or phrase in each sentence that needs correcting. Mark your choice on the answer sheet.
Question 25: Dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago because of the earth's climate changed drastically.
A. the earth's
B. became extinct
C. because of
D. drastically
Question 26: Marry charity organizations have brought food supplies and clothes to flood-effecting areas in the Mekong
Delta.

A. the
B. charity
C. flood-effecting
D. have brought
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES
Imagine life without electricity! What effect would that have on the typical British family? Well, there would be no hot
water for showers in the morning or, more importantly, the ...(27)... cup of tea! Most families use kettles for this - electric
water boilers that sit in every British kitchen. Then, of course, you wouldn’t be able to charge your phone, tablet or laptop.
Now that’s serious!
And when you left the house, ...(28)... wouldn’t be any traffic lights, cash machines or supermarkets. You might think that
is just a horror story, but the lights might go out sooner than we think if we don’t act soon and move to renewable energy.
These are forms of energy which protect the environment as they do not produce carbon dioxide emissions that ...(29)... to
climate change. They are often cheaper because the energy is generated from 100 percent natural resources - so they can
never ...(30)... out like coal!
So what forms of renewable energy are there? Electricitycan also be provided by the wind (wind power), the sun (solar
power), the sea (tidal/wave power) and even by volcanoes (geothermal power). The type of energy a country uses depends a
lot on geography. Sunny Spain has more solar power than the UK and volcanic Iceland has much more geothermal power.
In the UK, wind power is one of the most popular forms of renewable energy. It used to represent only a fraction of the
country’s energy supply but now it provides a mighty eleven percent. In fact, Britain currently ...(31)... at number six in the
world’s wind power producers, with over 7,000 onshore wind turbines. And now there are almost 5,000 turbines offshore as
well (that's in the middle of the sea!), making it the world leader. Why not visit the largest offshore wind farm in the world at
the ...(32)... of the River Thames?
[Source: Wider World 3, Pearson, 2015]
Question 27:A. optional B. national
C. traditional
D. festival
Question 28:A. you
B. there

C. it
D. they
Question 29:A. cause
B. lead
C. expose
D. gain
Question 30:A. go
B. stand
C. put
D. run
Question 31:A. grows
B. stands
C. ranks
D. rises
Question 32:A. centre
B. bottom
C. mouth
D. bank
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 33:.......there is a close correlation between stress and illness.
A. Some psychologists believing
B. Some psychologists to believe
C. Some psychologists believe
D. Believed some psychologists
Question 34: A home computer……an opportunity for convenient and efficient work at home.