Tài liệu How to Do Business in 12 Asian Countries 27 doc

Appendix F 215
Unit Metric Equivalent U.S. Equivalent
span 22.86 centimeters 9 inches
stere 1 meter
3
1.307 95 yards
3
tablespoon 14.786 76 milliliters 3 teaspoons
teaspoon 4.928 922 milliliters 0.333 333 tablespoons
ton, long or deadweight 1,016.046.909 kilograms 2,240 pounds, avoirdupois
ton, metric 1,000 kilograms 2,204.623 pounds, avoirdupois
ton, register 2.831 684 7 meters
3
100 feet
3
ton, short 907.184 74 kilograms 2,000 pounds, avoirdupois
township (U.S.) 93.239 572 kilometers
2
36 miles
2
, statute
yard 0.914 4 meters 3 feet
yard
2
0.836 127 36 meters
2
9 feet
2
yard
3
0.764 554 86 meters

3
27 feet
3
yard
3
764.554 857 984 liters 201.974 gallons
216
Appendix G
International Electrical Adaptors
This data is excerpted from a publication of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
The electricity used in much of the world (220–250 volts) is a different voltage from that used in
North America (110–125 volts). Electrical appliances designed for North America may need con-
verters to “step down” this higher voltage to the level required to operate. Some appliances cannot
be converted for use elsewhere because they require sixty cycles per second (again, found primarily
in North America), or they may have other requirements. Electrical wall sockets found around the
world are also likely to differ in shape from the sockets used in North America. Electrical adaptor
plugs are available to slip over the plugs of North American appliances for use in such sockets.
The following table and illustrations will inform you about the types of plugs you may
encounter in various Asian and Pacific countries.
Type of Plug by Country
Country Plug Type Country Plug Type
Bangladesh A, C, D Malaysia G
Burma C, D, F Nepal C, D
Brunei G Pakistan B, C, D
China, Peoples Rep. of C, D, G, H Philippines A, B, C
Fiji I Singapore B, H
Hong Kong H Sri Lanka D
India C, D, G Tahiti A
Indonesia C, E, F Taiwan A, B
Japan A, B, I Thailand A, B, C, D, E, G, J, K

Korea C Western Samoa H
Laos A, B, C, E, F
Plugs in Commercial Use
Type A
Flat blade attachment
plug
Type B
Flat blades with
round grounding pin
Type C
Round pin
attachment plug
Type D
Round pins with
ground
Type E
Round pin plug and
receptacle with male
grounding pin
Type F
"Schuko" plug and
receptacle with side
grounding contacts
Type G
Rectangular blade
plug
Type H
Oblique fl at blades
with ground
Type I

Oblique fl at blade
with ground
Type J
Round pins with
ground
Type K
Round pins with
ground
Type L
Round pins with
ground
Appendix G 217
Index
218
A
abstractive thinking, xiii–xiv
anxiety reduction, xvi; See also value
systems
appointments. See time
Asia, map of, xviii
associative thinking, xiii–xiv
attire. See dress
attitudes: of Chinese, 5–6; of Filipinos,
98–99; in Hong Kong, 18–19; of
Indians, 25–26; of Indonesians, 41–
42; of Japanese, 61–62; of Malaysians,
79–80; of Singaporeans, 114; of South
Koreans, 129–130; of Sri Lankans,
147–148; of Taiwanese, 161; of ais,
175; of Vietnamese, 188–189

B
bows, 70, 88, 120, 121, 140, 179, 193
bribery, 42, 80, 91, 206
Buddhism, 5, 147–148, 175, 187, 188
business cards, 51–52, 70, 85–86, 103–
104, 118–119, 137, 151, 166, 178, 194
business entertaining: China, 10–12;
India, 30–31; Indonesia, 49; Japan,
68–69; Malaysia, 86; Philippines,
104–105; Singapore, 119; South
Korea, 137–139; Sri Lanka, 151–152;
Taiwan, 166–168; ailand, 178–179;
Vietnam, 192–193
business hours. See time
business negotiations: China, 9–10;
India, 29–30; Indonesia, 46–49;
Japan, 66–68; Malaysia, 84–86;
Philippines, 103–104; Singapore,
117–118; South Korea, 134–137; Sri
Lanka, 150–151; Taiwan, 164–166;
ailand, 178; Vietnam, 192
business practices: China, 8–12; Hong
Kong, 20; India, 28–30; Indonesia,
44–49; Japan, 65–69; Malaysia, 82–
86; Philippines, 101–105; Singapore,
116–119; South Korea, 132–139; Sri
Lanka, 149–152; Taiwan, 163–168;
ailand, 177–179; Vietnam, 191–193
C
calendars, 55

Cao Dai, 187
Centers for Disease Control (CDC),
206–207
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 206
China, 1–15, 41–42, 155; See also Hong
Kong
Christianity, 5
climate/weather, 54, 73, 92–93, 124, 162
closed-minded thinking, xii–xiii
clothing. See dress
cognitive styles: China, 7; India,
26; Indonesia, 42–43; Japan, 64;
Malaysia, 80; overview, xii–xiv;
Philippines, 100; Singapore, 115;
South Korea, 131; Sri Lanka, 148;
Taiwan, 162; ailand, 175–176;
Vietnam, 190
collectivism, xv–xvi
colors, 9, 71, 209
Confucianism, 5–6, 19, 125–126, 129–
130, 161, 184
corruption, 80, 206
cultural orientation: China, 7–8; India,
26–28; Indonesia, 42–44; Japan, 64–
65; Malaysia, 80–82; overview, xi–
xvii; Philippines, 100–101; Singapore,
115–116; South Korea, 131–132; Sri
Lanka, 148–149; Taiwan, 162–163;
ailand, 175–177; Vietnam, 189–191
D

decision-making, xv–xvi; China, 7;
India, 27; Indonesia, 43; Japan, 65;
Malaysia, 81; Philippines, 100–101;
Singapore, 115; South Korea, 131;
Sri Lanka, 149; Taiwan, 162–163;
ailand, 176; Vietnam, 190
demographics: China, 3; Hong Kong,
16; India, 23; Indonesia, 37; Japan,
58; Malaysia, 76; Philippines, 95–96;
Singapore, 112; South Korea, 126; Sri
Lanka, 145; Taiwan, 157; ailand,
173; Vietnam, 185
Index 219
dress: China, 15, 209; faux pas to avoid,
208–209; Hong Kong, 20; India, 34,
209; Indonesia, 54–55; Japan, 72–73,
209; Malaysia, 92–93; Philippines,
109; Singapore, 124; South Korea,
142; Sri Lanka, 154; Taiwan, 170;
ailand, 181–182; Vietnam,
195–196
E
electrical adaptors, 216–217
embassies, 205–206
entertaining. See business entertaining
equality/inequality issues, xvi–xvii;
China, 8; India, 27; Indonesia,
44; Japan, 65; Malaysia, 81–82;
Philippines, 101; Singapore, 116;
South Korea, 132; Sri Lanka, 149;

Taiwan, 163; ailand, 177; Vietnam,
191
evidence, types of, xv
eye contact, 111, 126
F
facts, as evidence, xv
faith, as evidence, xv
feelings, as evidence, xv
foreign languages. See language
G
gender issues. See equality/inequality
issues
gestures: China, 13; India, 33; Indonesia,
52–53; Japan, 70–71; Malaysia, 90–91;
Philippines, 107–108; Singapore,
121–122; South Korea, 141; Sri Lanka,
153; Taiwan, 169; ailand, 180–181;
Vietnam, 194–195
gis: China, 14–15; India, 33–34;
Indonesia, 53–54; Japan, 71–72;
Malaysia, 91–92; Philippines,
108–109; Singapore, 122–124; South
Korea, 141–142; Sri Lanka, 153–154;
Taiwan, 169–170; ailand, 172–173,
181; Vietnam, 195
government: China, 4; Hong Kong,
17; India, 23–24; Indonesia, 38–40;
Japan, 59–60; Malaysia, 77–78;
Philippines, 97–98; Singapore, 111,
113; South Korea, 128; Sri Lanka,

146–147; Taiwan, 159–160; ailand,
174; Vietnam, 183, 184, 186–187
government resources, 205–207
greetings: China, 12; India, 31–32;
Indonesia, 49–52; Japan, 69–70;
Malaysia, 87–88; Philippines,
105–106; Singapore, 119–121; South
Korea, 140; Sri Lanka, 152–153;
Taiwan, 168; ailand, 179–180;
Vietnam, 193–194
H
handshakes. See greetings
health issues: China, 6; Hong Kong, 19;
India, 26; Malaysia, 80; Philippines,
100
Hinduism, 25, 88, 120
history: China, 3–4; Hong Kong, 16–17;
India, 23; Indonesia, 37–38; Japan,
58–59; Malaysia, 76–77; Philippines,
96–97; Singapore, 112–113; South
Korea, 127–128; Sri Lanka, 145–146;
Taiwan, 157–158; ailand, 171,
173–174; Vietnam, 185–186
Hoa Hoa, 187
holidays, 2–3, 29, 45, 55, 66, 84, 100, 102,
210–211
Hong Kong, 16–21
I
India, 21–34
individualism, xv–xvi

Indonesia, 35–55
intellectual property laws, 82
Islam, 5, 25, 41, 75, 114
J
Japan, 56–73
L
language: China, 2, 4–5, 15; Hong Kong,
18; India, 22, 24–25; Indonesia, 40,
45; Japan, 60–61, 68; Malaysia, 78–79,
83; Philippines, 98; reasons to learn
foreign, 202–204; Singapore, 113, 114;
South Korea, 128–129; Sri Lanka,
147; Taiwan, 160–161; ailand, 172,
174–175; Vietnam, 187
220 Kiss, Bow, or Shake Hands: Asia
locus of decision-making. See decision-
making
M
Malaysia, 74–93
meals. See business entertaining
medical information, 206–207; See also
health issues
meetings. See business practices
measurement equivalents, 212–215
N
naming conventions. See titles/forms of
address
natural disasters, 6, 26, 42, 63, 80, 99,
130, 143, 144, 155–156, 162
negotiation strategies: See also business

negotiations; China, 7; India, 27;
Indonesia, 43; Japan, 64; Malaysia,
80–81; overview, xiv–xv; Philippines,
100; Singapore, 115; South Korea,
131; Sri Lanka, 148; Taiwan, 162;
ailand, 176; Vietnam, 190
nepotism, 142, 157
O
open-minded thinking, xii–xiii
P
particular thinking, xiv
Philippines, 94–109
politics, 22, 41–42
power divisions, xvi–xvii; See also
equality/inequality issues
punctuality. See time
R
religion: China, 5–6; Hong Kong, 19;
India, 25–26; Indonesia, 41–42;
Japan, 62; Malaysia, 79; Philippines,
98–99; Singapore, 114; South Korea,
125, 129–130; Sri Lanka, 144, 147–
148, 151; Taiwan, 161; ailand, 175;
Vietnam, 187, 188
S
safety issues: China, 6; India, 26;
Indonesia, 42; Japan, 63; Malaysia,
80; Philippines, 99–100; Singapore,
114; South Korea, 130; Sri Lanka,
148; ailand, 172; Vietnam, 189

Shamanism, 130
Shinto, 62
Sikhism, 26
Singapore, 110–124
smiling, 71, 75, 104, 117–118
South Korea, 125–142
Sri Lanka, 143–154
stress reduction, xvi
T
Taiwan, 155–170
ailand, 171–182
theocratic cultures, xii–xiii
time: China, 8–9; Hong Kong, 20; India,
28–29; Indonesia, 36, 44–46; Japan,
65–66; Malaysia, 82–84; Philippines,
101–102; Singapore, 116–117; South
Korea, 132–133; Sri Lanka, 144,
149–150; Taiwan, 163–164; ailand,
177; Vietnam, 191–192
tipping, 28, 42
titles/forms of address, 194; Arabic,
198–200; China, 12–13, 197–198;
India, 32, 200–201; Indonesia,
52; Japan, 70; Malaysia, 88–89;
Philippines, 95, 106–107; Singapore,
121; South Korea, 140–141; Sri Lanka,
153; Taiwan, 168–169; ailand, 180
Transparency International, 206
travel insurance, 207
U

universal thinking, xiv
V
value systems: China, 7–8; India, 27;
Indonesia, 43–44; Japan, 64–65;
Malaysia, 81–82; overview, xv–xvii;
Philippines, 100–101; Singapore, 115–
116; South Korea, 131–132; Sri Lanka,
149; Taiwan, 162–163; ailand,
176–177; Vietnam, 190–191
Vietnam, 183–196
About the Authors
T M and W A. C have coauthored ve
books on intercultural communications, hundreds of articles, and
several databases—all of which are available at www.kissboworshake
hands.com. Terri Morrison also oers keynote seminars on intercul-
tural communications, which range from one to three hours. ese
highly informative, entertaining, and interactive presentations can
be customized for specic industries, countries, and regions of the
world. A speaker video, biography, and references are available at
www.TerriMorrison.com.
eir electronic product Kiss, Bow, or Shake Hands: Expanded
Edition (KBSH:XE) contains up-to-date business and cultural data
on over 100 countries. Numerous private and public institutions have
found KBSH:XE to be a valuable tool for facilitating globalization.
Subscriptions are available for corporate, educational, governmental,
and personal usage, and contain information on everything from
Business Practices (appointments, negotiating, entertaining, etc.) to
Intellectual Property Rights and Culturally-Correct Gis. A demo of
KBSH:XE is available at their Web site.
e electronic World Holiday and Time Zone Guide contains a

useful format of cross-referencing holidays both by the country and
by the day of the year. is database is a convenient feature for heavy
travelers, meeting planners, and researchers who need current holi-
day information on 101 countries.
e study of intercultural communication represents a lifelong
interest for the authors of Kiss, Bow, or Shake Hands. By way of con-
tinuing that research, the authors invite your comments. Whether
221
222 Kiss, Bow, or Shake Hands: Asia
your own experience conrms or diverges from the data in this book,
they welcome your perspective. Please contact them at:

Phone: 610-725-1040
Or via these Web sites:
www.getcustoms.com
www.TerriMorrison.com
www.kissboworshakehands.com
Virtue is bold, and goodness never fearful.
—William Shakespeare
KISS, BOW,
OR
SHAKE
HANDS:
ASIA
How to Do Business in
12 Asian Countries
• CULTURAL OVERVIEWS
• TIPS FOR DOING BUSINESS • KNOW BEFORE YOU GO
• NEGOTIATING STRATEGIES
• PROTOCOL

TERRI MORRISON AND WAYNE A. CONAWAY
ASIA
Terri Morrison, author of Kiss, Bow, or Shake Hands, 2nd Edition, resides in Newtown Square, PA and
is president of Getting Through Customs, a highly successful Internet product and training  rm for
global business travelers. Her clients include American Airlines, AEP, Carnival Cruise Lines, Cypress
Semiconductor, Deloitte & Touche, Dun & Bradstreet, Hewlett-Packard, and Lucent Technologies. She
conducts seminars in intercultural communications, has written for many publications, has appeared
on numerous TV shows, and has been pro led and quoted in national newspapers and magazines
from the Wall Street Journal to Fortune.
$14.95 (Canada $19.95) Business
www.adamsmedia.com
The defi nitive guide to international
business and travel etiquette
“To help achieve success in communicating globally about
our business, there are critical tools never far from my reach:
my laptop or BlackBerry, my phone, and Terri Morrison’s
book Kiss, Bow, or Shake Hands.”
—Sherry Nebel, Vice President–Communications, Connexion by Boeing
Kiss, Bow, or Shake Hands: Asia reveals the subtleties of interaction, negotiation
strategies, and professional skills you need to keep poised for success in
your business travels. This comprehensive guide to Asia contains up-to-date
information to lead you through social situations, business meetings, and
understanding local culture.
Americans must now consider how economies are continuously shifting all
over Asia, and how Asian countries interact with the West and each other. Learn
about business practices, cognitive styles, and social customs. Give the right gift;
make the right gesture.
Countries pro led are China (and Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia,
the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Includes:

• Cultural IQ tests
• “Know Before You Go” tips
• Alerts on international security issues
MORRISON
and
CONAWAY
KISS, BOW,
OR

SHAKE HANDS:
KISS, BOW,
OR
SHAKE
HANDS:
ASIA
How to Do Business in
12 Asian Countries
• CULTURAL OVERVIEWS
• TIPS FOR DOING BUSINESS • KNOW BEFORE YOU GO
• NEGOTIATING STRATEGIES
• PROTOCOL
TERRI MORRISON AND WAYNE A. CONAWAY