de thi tieng anh lop 8

NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8
CỤM TỪ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ: enough, too
a/ enough ….to (đủ …..để có thể)
S + V + adj / adv + enough (for O) + to-V1
S + V + enough + N + to-V1
Ex: My sister can’t get married because she is young.
____________________________________________
I didn’t buy a new computer because I didn’t have money.
____________________________________________
b/ too ….to (quá ….không thể)
S + V + too + adj / adv (for O) + to-V1
Ex: He is very short, so he can’t play basket ball.
- He is ___________________________________
The house is very expensive. We can’t buy it.
- The house _________________________________
MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ
a/ so ….that (quá … đến nỗi)
S+ V+ so + adj / adv + that + S + can’t / couldn’t / wouldn’t + V1 ……
Ex: 1. The coffee is very hot. I can’t drink it.
- The coffee ________________________________
2. I couldn’t catch him because he ran very fast.
- He ran _____________________________________.
b/ such …. that (quá … đến nỗi)
S+ V + such (a/an) + adj + N + that + S + can’t / couldn’t / wouldn’t + V1 ……
Note: không dùng a, an nếu danh từ là danh từ số nhiều hoặc danh từ không đếm được
Ex: 1. It is a cool day. We don’t need to turn on the air- conditioner.
- It is _______________________we don’t need to turn on the air- conditioner.
2. It is such a long homework that I can’t finish it in an hour.
- The homework is so ___________________________________________
3. The bag was so heavy that I couldn’t carry it.
- It is such ___________________________________________________

Note:
- Cấu trúc enough và too:
+ nếu 2 chủ từ khác nhau thì dùng for + O
+ không sử dụng các đại từ it, her, him, them để chỉ danh từ phía trước
The house is very expensive. We can’t buy it.
- The house is too expensive for us to buy.
- Cấu trúc so và such: phải dùng đại từ it, her, him, them để chỉ danh từ phía trước
- The house is so expensive that I can’t buy it.
- so many + N đếm được số nhiều: quá nhiều …
There are so many students that I can’t remember their name.
- so much + N không đếm được:
quá nhiều …
I drank so much coffee that I couldn’t sleep.
- so few + N đếm được số nhiều:
quá ít ….
There were so few people that they cancelled the meeting.
- so little + N khơng đếm được:
q ít….
He had so little money that he couldn’t buy that book.


CÂU CẢM THÁN
What + (a / an) + adj + N!
Note: không dùng a, an nếu danh từ là danh từ số nhiều hoặc danh từ không đếm được
- What a lovely dress!
- What an expensive car!
- What hot coffee!
- What good students!
THÌ (TENSES)
Thì

Hiện tại
đơn

Khẳng định

S+ V1
S + V(s-es)
(be): am- is- are

Phủ định

Nghi vấn

S + don’t/ doesn’t +V1
S+ am not/ isn’t/ aren’t

(Wh) + Do/Does + S
+ V1?
(Wh) + Am/Is/Are +
S+…?

Hiện tại tiếp
S + am/is/are(not) +VS + am/is/are + V-ing
diễn
ing

Dấu hiệu
Everyday, usually,
never, often,
sometimes,

always, ...

Now, at the present, at
Am/ Is/Are + S + V- the moment, at this
time, Look! Listen!, Be
ing?
careful!. Hurry up!

Sự khác nhau giữa hiện tại đơn và hiện tại tiếp diễn
Present simple (HTĐ)
1. Hành động ln ln đúng, thói quen ở
hiện tại
- I work in New York.
2. Thời khoá biểu, lịch trình các chương trình
The train for Hanoi leaves at 7.30 tonight.
3. Sự thật, chân lý hiển nhiên:
- It is hot in summer.

Thì

Khẳng định

Present progressive(HTTD)
1. Hành động có tính tạm thời, không thường xuyên:
(today, this week, this year...)
- I go to school by bike everyday but today I am walking.
2. Khơng dùng thì này với các hoạt động nhận thức, tình
cảm, tình trạng, sở hữu, tồn tại: see, think, believe, feel,
look, smell, taste, hear, have, be
3. Kế hoạch, sự sắp xếp cho tương lai gần:

- She is arriving at 11 o’clock.
4. Dùng kèm với ALWAYS diễn tả sự phàn nàn:
- He is always coming to class late.

Phủ định

Tương lai
gần

S + am/ is/ are +
going to +V1

S + am/ is/ are+ not +
going to +V1

Tương lai
đơn

S+ will + V1

S+ will not + V1
(won’t)

Nghi vấn

Dấu hiệu

(Wh) + am/ Is/ Are +
S+ going to +V1 ?

Tomorrow,
tonight, soon,
next, someday,
(Wh) + Will + S + V1….?
in the future

Sự khác nhau giữa tương lai gần và tương lai đơn
Intended future (Tương lai gần)
1. Ý định đã được dự tính, sắp xếp trước khi nói:

Future simple (Tương lai đơn)
1. Ý định có ngay khi nói hay hành động sẽ xảy ra ở


- I am going to visit New York this summer.
2. Dự đoán chắc chắn dựa vào căn cứ hiện tại:
- There are a lot of clouds. I think it is going to
rain.

Thì

Khẳng định

tương lai khơng có dự định trước:
- The phone is ringing. - I will answer it.
- He will come here tomorrow.
2. Ý kiến, lời hứa, hy vọng, phát biểu về một hành
động trong tương lai: (think, promise, hope, expect,
sure, ….)
- Wait here and I will get you a drink.

- I think you will pass the exam.

Phủ định

Nghi vấn

Hiện tại
hoàn
thành

S + have / has +V3

S + have / has + not + (Wh) + have / has
V3
+ S + V3 ?

Quá khứ
đơn

S + was / were

S + wasn’t / weren’t

S + V2/-ed

S + didn’t + V1

Dấu hiệu

Since + mốc th/g

For + khoảng th/g
Ever, never, already, so far,
just, up to now, lately,
recently, yet, how long, this
is the first time/the second
time, several times, before,
(Wh) + was /
Yesterday, ago, in + th/g QK,
were + S ….?
last …, It’s time / It’s high time
(Wh) + did + S + (đã đến lúc)
V1 …?

Sự khác nhau giữa hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn
Present Perfect (Hiện tại hoàn thành)
1. Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ kéo dài đến
hiện tại và có thể xảy ra trong tương lai
- I have learnt English since 2008.

Past simple (Quá khứ đơn)
1. Hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt tại thời điểm xác
định trong quá khứ
- It rained a lot yesterday.

2. Hành động vừa mới xảy ra
- She has just written a letter.

2. Một thói quen trong quá khứ.
- I often walked to school when I was a pupil.
3. Chuổi hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ

- He opened the door, entered the house, turned on
the light and went to the room.

Thì

Khẳng định

Phủ định

Nghi vấn

Dấu hiệu

Quá khứ
tiếp diễn

S + was / were +
V-ing

S + was / were + not
+ V-ing

(Wh) + was /
were + S + V-ing ?

While, when, at that time, at
+ giờ quá khứ,

Quá khứ
hoàn

thành

S + had + V3/-ed

S + hadn’t + V3/-ed

(Wh) + had + S + Before, after, when, by, by the
V3/-ed …?
time, for,

Cách dùng của quá khứ tiếp diễn và quá khứ hoàn thành
Past progressive (Quá khứ tiếp diễn)
1. Hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác
định trong quá khứ.

Past perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành)
1. Hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác
hoặc trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ


- I was doing my homework at 8 o’clock last
night.

- By 9 pm yesterday, I had finished all my work.
- Before you came, she had left for London.

2. Hai hành động song song trong quá khứ
- Last night, she was reading a book while her
brother was watching TV.

HỊA HỢP THÌ GIỮA MỆNH ĐỀ CHÍNH VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ THỜI GIAN
Mệnh đề chính
Mệnh đề thời gian
Hiện tại
Hiện tại
Quá khứ
Quá khứ
Tương lai
Hiện tại
Một số cơng thức hịa hợp thì
S + QKĐ + after / as soon as + S + QKHT
S + QKHT + before / by/ by the time + S + QKĐ
QKTD + while + QKTD
QKĐ + while / when / as + QKTD
HTHT + since + QKĐ
QKĐ + since then + HTHT
TLĐ + until / when / as soon as + HTĐ
1/ I will wait here until she (come) ----------------- back.
2/ Last night, I was doing my homework while my sister ------------------------------ games.
3/ I (work) -------------------- here since I (graduate)---------------------.
4/ Before she (have) ---------------- dinner, she (write) ------------- letter
5/ I (go) ----------------- to bed after I (finish) ---------------- my work.
ĐẠI TỪ PHẢN THÂN
Chủ từ
Túc từ
(trước động từ) (sau động từ)
I
Me
You
You

He / She / It
Him / her / it
We
Us
You
You
They
Them

Tính từ sở hữu
(trước danh từ)
My
Your
His / her / its
Our
Your
Their

Đại từ phản thân
Myself
Yourself
Himself / herself / it self
Ourselves
Yourselves
Themselves

ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT
* may / might
- Ở hiện tại: may / might + V1: có lẽ, diễn tả một suy đốn khơng chắc chắn
I phone him but no one answers. He ______________ (be) out.

* must / mustn’t
- must + V1: phải, diễn tả một sự bắt buộc có tính chủ quan, khơng dùng ở q khứ
- mustn’t + V1: không được phép, diễn tả một sự cấm đoán
Ex: - I haven’t phone Ann for years. I ____________ (phone) her tonight.
-Visitors _____________ (feed) the animals in the zoos.
* need / needn’t
- need + to V1: cần (chủ động)
- need + V-ing = need + to be V3/-ed: cần được (bị động)

Đại từ sở hữu
(dùng thay danh từ)
Mine
Yours
His / hers / its
Ours
Yours
Theirs


- needn’t + V1 = don’t have to + V1: không cần
Ex: My car is very dirty. It needs ____________ (wash).
My car is dirty. I need ________________ (wash) it.
The car is not very dirty. You needn’t ______________ (wash) it.
* should / shouldn’t
- should + V1 = ought to + V1 = had better + V1: nên
- shouldn’t + V1: không nên
Ex: If you want to pass the final exam, you ______________ (study) hard.
You _____________ (smoke). It is harmful.
* have to + V1: phải, diễn tả điều bắt buộc có tính khách quan , dùng trong quá khứ (had to + V1), hiện tại
(have / has to + V1) và tương lai (will have to + V1)

Ex: -Children _____________ (wear) uniform when going to school.
-Yesterday, I felt very ill. I ________________ (see) the doctor.
* can / can’t
- can + V1: có thể, diễn tả một khả năng
- can’t + V1: không thể
Ex: She can swim but she can’t play tennis.
GIỚI TỪ CHỈ THỜI GIAN (Prepositions of time)
- in + năm, mùa, thế kỷ
- on + thứ, ngày tháng
- at + giờ (at 7 o’clock, at the weekend, …)
- after: sau, sau khi
- before: trước, trước khi
- between …and ….: ở giữa
USED TO
1. used to + V1: (đã từng), thói quen trong q khứ, mà nay khơng cịn nữa.
Khẳng định: S + used to + V1
He used to live here.
Phủ định:
S + didn’t + use to + V1
He didn’t use to smoke.
Nghi vấn:
Did + S + use to + V1?
Did he use to smoke?
2. S + be used to / get used to + V-ing / N: quen với / trở nên quen với …..
I am used to getting up early.
TRẠNG NGỮ CHỈ CÁCH THỨC
- adj + ly  adv
Chức năng:
- sau động từ thường: S + V + adv
He ran quickly.

- giữa trợ động từ và động từ chính: be + adv + V3/-ed
The house was completely repaired.
- đứng đầu câu, trước dấu phẩy: adv, S + V + O
Luckily, we won the game.
Một số trạng từ bất quy tắc
Good  well
Bad  badly
late  late (trễ, muộn)
lately: mới đây, gần đây
hard  hard (vất vả, chăm chỉ) hardly: hầu như không

have / has + adv + V3/-ed

fast  fast

CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT
- Nếu động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ thì khi đổi sang câu gián tiếp ta đổi ngơi, thì và trạng ngữ.


1/ Cách đổi ngôi:
- Ngôi thứ nhất (I, We, me, my, us, our): đổi dựa vào chủ từ đứng trước động từ tường thuật
(said/ told), thường đổi thành ngôi thứ ba.
I → he / she
me → him / her
my → his / her
We → they
us → them
our → their
- Ngôi thứ hai (you _ you_ your): đổi dựa vào túc từ đứng sau động từ tường thuật (said/ told)
- Ngôi thứ ba (He / She / Him / Her / His / They / Them / Their): giữ nguyên, không đổi

2/ Cách đổi thì:
Trực tiếp
HTĐ - V1 /Vs(es)
HTTD – am / is / are + V-ing
HTHT – have / has + V3
HTHTTD – have / has been +V-ing
QKĐ – V2 / -ed
QKTD – was / were + V-ing
TLĐ – will + V1
Must + V1

Gián tiếp
QKĐ – V2 / V-ed
QKTD – was / were + V-ing
QKHT – had + V3
QKHTTD - had been + V-ing
QKHT – had + V3
QKHTTD – had been +V-ing
TL trong QK - would + V1
had to + V1

3/ Cách đổi các trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn:
Trực tiếp
Gián tiếp
today/ tonight
that day/ that night
yesterday
the day before/ the previous day
last month
the month before / the previous month

tomorrow
the following day/ the next day / the day after
next month
the following month / the next month / the month after
here
there
now
then
ago
before
this
that
these
those
4/ Đổi câu mệnh lệnh khẳng định:
S + V + O: “Please + V1 ….”
S + V + O: “Can + S + V1 …”
 S + told + O + to V1 …
5/ Đổi câu mệnh lệnh phủ định:
S + V + O: “Please + don’t + V1 ….”
 S + told + O + not to V1 …
a/ She said: “I am doing my homework.”
______________________________________________
b/ “Please help me do my homework, Hoa.” he said.
______________________________________________
c/ “Can you lend me your bike”, John said to Mary.
______________________________________________
d/ My brother said to me: “You should try to study English hard.”
______________________________________________

e/ Tom said to her: “I will give you this book tomorrow.”
GERUNDS (DANH ĐỘNG TỪ)
Danh động từ (V-ing) được dùng:
1/ Sau các cụm động từ
- be used to / get used to:
quen với, trở nên quen với
- look forward to :
mong đợi
- can’t stand = can bear:
không thể chịu được
- It’s no use / it’s no good : khơng có lợi ích gì
- be busy :
bận rộn
- be worth :
có giá trị
- feel like :
cảm thấy thích
2/ Sau các giới từ ( on, at, about, from, to, without …)
3/ Sau các động từ
-mind :
( thấy phiền )
-continue :
-finish :
( hoàn thành )
- avoid :
-deny :
( chối cải )
-detest :
- enjoy :

( thích thú )
- keep :
- consider : (xem như )
- miss :
- imagine :
( hình dung ,tưởng tượng ) - appreciate :
- admit :
( thừa nhận )
- postpone :
- practice :
( thực tập )
- dislike

( tiếp tục )
( tránh )
( ghét )
( tiếp tục )
(bỏ lỡ ,bỏ xót )
( coi trọng ,đánh giá cao )
( trì hỗn )
(khơng thích)


COMPARISON: SO SÁNH
- like
- as + adj/adv + as
- (not) as + adj/adv + as
- the same as
- (not) the same as
- different from

như
bằng
không bằng
giống như
không giống
khác với

The primary school is not as big as a secondary school.
My birthday is the same as her birthday.
Your idea is different from mine.
1. So sánh bằng:
S + be + as / so + adj + as ….
S + V thường + as / so + adv + as…
Ex: She studies __________________ (well) as her close friend.
Her bike is _______________________ (good) as her sister’s one.
2. So sánh không bằng:
S + V + not + so/ as +adj/ adv + as ….
Ex. She is ………. (tall) ………… her sister.
3. So sánh hơn
- Tính từ / trạng từ ngắn
S + V + adj / adv + er + than….
Ex: She drives ______________ (fast) than her sister does.
- Tính từ / trạng từ dài :
S + V + more + adj / adv + than …
Ex: She drives _______________ (carefully) than her sister does.
She is _________________ (careful) than her sister is.
4. So sánh nhất
- Tính từ / trạng từ ngắn
S + V + the + adj / adv + est + …..

Ex: She drives ______________ (fast) in her family.
She is ________________ (tall) in her family.
- Tính từ / trạng từ dài:
S + V + the most + adj / adv + …..
Ex: She drives _______________ (carefully) in her family.
She is _________________ (careful) in her family.
* Các dạng đặc biệt:
Adj / adv
So sánh hơn
Good / well (tốt)
better
Bad / badly (xấu)
worse
Many / much (nhiều)
more
Little + N không đếm được: ít
less
Far
(xa)
farther/further
Few + N đếm được: ít
fewer

So sánh nhất
best
worst
most
least
farthest/ furthest
fewest

CỤM TỪ CHỈ MỤC ĐÍCH
to
S +V + in order to + V1
(để )
so as to
Ex: I try to study (pass) ________________my next exam.
He does morning exercises regularly (improve) ______________his heath.
Khẳng định:

Phủ định: S + V + in order not to / so as not to + V1
Ex: I get up early in order not to be late for school.

(để không)


CÁCH PHÁT ÂM -S/-ES
* đọc thành âm /s/ với những từ có âm cuối là / p, f, k, t, θ /
* đọc thành âm /iz/ với những từ có âm cuối là / s, z, ∫, t∫, dz,
* đọc thành âm /z/ với những trường hợp còn lại

/

CÁCH PHÁT ÂM –ED
* đọc thành âm /id/ với những từ có âm cuối là / t, d /
* đọc thành âm /t/ với những từ có âm cuối là /p, f, k, s, ∫, t∫, θ /
* đọc thành âm /d/ với những trường hợp còn lại
PASSIVE VOICE

(Câu bị động)

1. CÁCH CHUYỂN ĐỔI TỪ CÂU CHỦ ĐỘNG SANG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
Active:
Passive:

S
S+

+

V

+ O

BE + V3/-ed +

BY + O

2. CÁCH CHUYỂN ĐỔI HÌNH THỨC ĐỘNG TỪ CỦA MỘT SỐ THÌ
THÌ
Hiện tại đơn
Hiện tại tiếp diễn
Hiện tại hoàn thành
Quá khứ đơn
Quá khứ tiếp diễn
Quá khứ hoàn thành
Tương lai đơn
Động từ khiếm khuyết
-

CHỦ ĐỘNG
V1 / Vs(es)
am / is / are + V-ing
Have / has + V3
V2 / V-ed
Was / were + V-ing
Had + V3
Will + V1
can / may / should / must / have
to / might / be going to + V1

BỊ ĐỘNG
Am / is / are + V3
Am / is / are + being + V3
Have / has been + V3
Was / were + V3
Was / were + being + V3
Had been + V3
Will / shall + be + V3
Can / may / should / ….+ V3

trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn đứng trước by + O
trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian đứng sau by + O
nếu chủ từ trong câu chủ động là các từ phủ định (no one, nobody, ) thì đổi sang dạng phủ
định của câu bị động

CẤU TRÚC
It’s + adj + to V1 …
thật …để …
 V-ing …+ is + adj …

S + be + adj + that + S + V + O
Ex: It’s difficult to learn English.
I am happy to receive your letter.
She was pleased that you came to your birthday party.
HIỆN TẠI PHÂN TỪ VÀ QUÁ KHỨ PHÂN TỪ (-ing and –ed participles)
- Hiện tại phân từ (V-ing) và q khứ phân từ (V-ed) có thể đóng vi trị như một tính từ (đứng sau to
be, đứng trước danh từ)
- Hiện tại phân từ: thường dùng miêu tả vật, mang ý chủ động
- Quá khứ phân từ thường dùng miêu tả người, mang ý bị động
Ex: The book is very interesting. I’m interested in reading it.
* Một số hiện tại phân từ và quá khứ phân từ thường gặp
Ex: suprise
surprised
surprising

ngạc nhiên


1. bore
2. excite
3. interest
4. amuse
5. disappoint
6. tire

bored
excited
interested
amused
disapponited

tiring

boring
exciting
interesting
amusing
disappointing
tired

chán, dở
hào hứng, phấn khởi
thú vị, hứng thú
buồn cười, vui nhộn
thất vọng
mệt mỏi

HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN DÙNG VỚI ALWAYS
S + be + always + V-ing …
Ex: He is always coming to class late.
DANH TỪ GHÉP
- rice-cooking

N + V-ing
fire-making

flower-arranging

CÂU HỎI GIÁN TIẾP VỚI IF / WHETHER
S + asked + O + if / whether + S + V + O
Nga asked me if / whether I knew the film Titanic.

(Nga hỏi tơi tơi có biết phim Titanic hay khơng)
ĐỘNG TỪ NGUN MẪU CĨ TO : (to-V1)
Sau các tính từ : glad , happy , ready ……..
S+ BE + ADJ + to-V1
Ex: It’s difficult to do that exercise.
Trong cấu trúc : IT + TAKES/ TOOK + O + th/g + to-V1
Ex : It took him fifteen minutes to walk to school
Sau nghi vấn từ What , who ,how where …….. (không dùng với từ why)
I don’t know where to park my car.
Sau một số động từ
learn : (học)
mean: ( có nghĩa, có ý)
plan :( dự dịnh , có kế hoạch )
promise: ( hứa )
want : ( muốn )
agree : ( đồng ý )
refuse: ( từ chối )
attempt : ( cố gắng)
fail : ( thất bại )
prepare: ( chuẩn bị )
determine ( quyết tâm )
manage (cố gắng, xoay trở)
decide (quyết định)
invite (mời)
hope (hy vọng)
wish (ước muốn)
tend (có xu hướng)
intend (có ý định, dự định)

BẢNG KÊ ĐỘNG TỪ BẤT QUI TẮC
Nguyên mẫu
be
beat
become
begin
bite
blow
break
bring
build
burn
buy
catch
choose
come
cost
cut
do
draw
dream
drink
drive
eat
fall
feed
feel
fight
find
fly

forget
get
give
go
grow
hang
have
hear
hide
hit
hold
hurt
keep
know
lead
lay
learn
leave
lend

Quá khứ
was, were
beat
became
began
bit
blew
broke
brought
built

burnt
bought
caught
chose
came
cost
cut
did
drew
dreamt
drank
drove
ate
fell
fed
felt
fought
found
flew
forget
got
gave
went
grew
hung
had
heard
hid
hit
held

hurt
kept
knew
led
laid
learnt
left
lent

Quá khứ phân từ
been
beaten
become
begun
bit, bitten
blown
broken
brought
built
burnt
bought
caught
chosen
come
cost
cut
done
drawn
dreamt
drunk

driven
eaten
fallen
fed
felt
fought
found
flown
forgotten
got, gotten
given
gone
grown
hung
had
heard
hid, hidden
hit
held
hurt
kept
known
led
laid
learnt
left
lent

Nghĩa
Thì, là, ở, bị được

Đánh
Thành,trở nên
Bắt đầu
Cắn
Thổi
Làm vỡ, bẻ gãy
Mang lại, đem lại
Xây dựng
Đốt cháy
Mua
Bắt, chụp được
Lựa chọn
Đến
Trị giá
Cắt
Làm
Kéo, vẽ
Mơ, mộng
Uống
Đưa, lái xe
Ăn
Ngã, rơi, té
Nuôi cho ăn
Cảm thấy
Đánh , chiến đấu
Tìm thấy, được
Bay
Quên
Được, trở nên
Cho

Đi
Lớn lên, mọc
Treo
Có
Nghe
Ẩn, trốn, giấu
Đụng chạm
Cầm giữ, tổ chức
Làm đau, làm hại
Giữ
Biết
Dẫn dắt, lãnh đạo
Để, đặt, để trứng
Học, được tin
Bỏ lại, rời khỏi
Cho vay


let
lie
lose
make
mean
meet
pay
put
read
ride
ring
rise

run
say
see
sell
send
set
sing
sit
sleep
smell
speak
spell
spend
stand
steal
sweep
swim
take
teach
tear
tell
think
throw
understand
wake
wear

let
lay
lost

made
meant
met
paid
put
read
rode
rang
rose
ran
said
saw
sold
sent
set
sang
sat
slept
smelt
spoke
spelt
spent
stood
stole
swept
swam
took
taught
tore
told

thought
threw
understood
woke
wore

let
lain
lost
made
meant
met
paid
put
read
ridden
rung
risen
run
said
seen
sold
sent
set
sung
sat
slept
smelt
spoken
spelt

spent
stood
stolen
swept
swum
taken
taught
torn
told
thought
thrown
understood
woken
worn

THÀNH LẬP TỪ, TỪ LOẠI
1. Cách nhận biết từ loại:
a. Cánh nhận biết danh từ: danh từ thường có các hậu tố sau:
- tion / ation
invention, information
-ment
development, instrument
- ence / ance
difference, importance

Để cho, cho phép
Nằm
Mất, đánh mất
Làm, chế tạo
Có nghĩ, muốn nói

Gặp
Trả tiền
Đặt, để
Đọc
Cưỡi (ngựa, xe đạp)
Rung chng, reo
Mọc lên
Chạy
Nói
Thấy, nhìn thấy
Bán
Gửi
Để, đặt, lập nên
Hát
Ngồi
Ngủ
Ngửi thấy
Nói
Đánh vần
Tiêu xài, trãi qua
Đứng
Ăn trộm, lấy cắp
Quét
Bơi lội
Lấy
Dạy
Làm rách, xé
Nói, kể lại, bảo
Nghĩ, suy nghĩ
Ném, quăng, vứt

Hiểu
Thức tỉnh
Mặc, mang


- ness
happiness, business
- er (chỉ người)
teacher, worker, writer, singer
- or (chỉ người)
inventor, actor
- ist (chỉ người)
physicist, biologist
- age
teenage, marriage
- ship
friendship, championship
b. Cánh nhận biết tính từ: tính từ thường có các hậu tố sau:
- ful
useful, helpful, beautiful
- less (nghĩa phủ định)
homeless, careless
(noun) - al (thuộc về)
natural, agricultural
- ous
dangerous, famous
- ive
expensive, active
- ic
electric, economic

- able
fashionable, comfortable
c . Cánh nhận biết trạng từ: trạng từ thường có hậu tố -LY. Ex: beautifully, carefully,
suddenly, carelessly, recently ...
Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ:
- good (a)
well (adv): giỏi, tốt
- late (a)
late (adv): trễ, chậm
lately (adv): gần đây
- fast (a)
fast (adv): nhanh
- hard (a)
hard (adv): tích cực, vất vả, chăm chỉ hardly (adv): hầu như
không
2. Chức năng của một số từ loại:
a. Danh từ (Noun)
Sau tính từ
(adj + N)
Sau
- mạo từ: a /an / the
- từ chỉ định: this, that, these, those, every, each, …
- từ chỉ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several ...
- tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its…
Sau ngoại động từ (V cần O)
Sau giới từ

(prep. + N)

Trước V chia thì (N làm chủ từ)

Sau enough
(enough + N)

They are interesting books.
He is a student.
These flowers are beautiful.
She needs some water.
She buys books.
She meets a lot of people.
He talked about the story yesterday.
He is interested in music.
The main has just arrived.
I don’t have enough money to buy that
house.

b. Tính từ (Adj)
Trước N
(Adj + N)
Sau TO BE
Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem …

This is an interesting books.
I am tired.
It becomes hot.
She feels sad.
Sau trạng từ
(adv + adj)
It is extremely cold.
I’m terribly sorry.
She is very beautiful.

Sau too
( be + too + adj)
That house is too small.
Trước enough
(be + adj + enough)
The house isn’t large enough.
Trong cấu trúc:
be + so + adj + that
She was so angry that she can’t speak.
A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, … + (Adj) My new car is blue.
+ Noun


c. Trạng từ (Adv)
Sau V thường
Trước Adj
Giữa cụm V
Đầu câu hoặc trước dấu phẩy
Sau too
V + too + adv
Trong cấu trúc
V + so + adv + that
Trước enough
V + adv + enough

He drove carefully.
I meet an extremely handsome man.
She has already finished the job.
Unfortunately, I couldn’t come the party.
They walked too slowly to catch the bus.

Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident.
You should write clearly enough for every body to read.

MỘT SỐ CẤU TRÚC KHÁC
1. Lối nói phụ họa:
a. Đồng ý theo một câu khẳng định, dùng:
- S + V trợ + too.
- So + V trợ + S.
b. Đồng ý theo câu phủ định, dùng:
- S + V trợ (phủ định) + either.
- Neither + V trợ (khẳng định) + S.
2. Would you mind / Do you mind + V-ing ….?
Do you mind if I + V (Hiện tại đơn)….?
Would you mind if I + V (Quá khứ đơn) ….?
3. Đổi thì quá khứ đơn sang hiện tại hoàn thành
S + last + V quá khứ đơn + thời gian + ago.
- S + V hiện tại hoàn thành (phủ định) + for + thời gian
- It’s + thời gian + since + S + last + V quá khứ đơn.
- The last time + S + V quá khứ đơn + was + thời gian + ago.
Ex: I last went to Dalat nine years ago.
- I ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- It -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The ----------------------------------------------------------------------------This is the first time + S + HTHT khẳng định
- S + HTHT never + before
Ex: This is the first time I have visited Hanoi.
- I ------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. used to
KĐ: S + used to + V1
(đã từng)
PĐ: S + didn’t use to + V1
(không từng)
NV: Did + S + use to + V1 ..?
(có từng ….khơng)

5. be used to / get used to + V-ing: quen với
6. It takes / took + O + time + to-inf….
7. S người + spend + time + V-ing…
It took me twenty minutes to do this test.
 I spent ……………………………………………………………….

Đề 01
I. Choose the right words to fill the blanks.
1. They don’t know students have to work ………. at school and at home.
A. hard
B. hardly
C. boring
D. interesting


2. …………. tell my parents?
A. Do I ought to
B. Ought to I
C. Ought I to
D. Ought I
3. What ………on Saturday afternoons?
A. do you
B. you do
C. do you do
D. are you
4. Summer is ………. than Fall.
A. hotter
B. more hot
C. hot
D. the hotter

5. ………..long were you at the seaside? – For an hour.
A. How
B. How much
C. What
D. Why
6. She is good ……… physics.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. for
7. I go to school ……… foot everyday.
A. by
B. in
C. at
D. on
8. She ……. some new clothes last week.
A. bought
B. will buy
C. buys
D. would buy
II. Choose the word which has the underlined letter pronounced differently from
the others.
1. A looked
B. preferred
C. played
D. joined
2. A here
B. spend
C. well
D. very

3. A why
B. what
C. when
D. who
4. A invented
B. ended
C. liked
D. defeated
III. Use the correct form of the verbs
1. She (not drink) ………..coffee last night. She (drink)……………Coca Cola.
2. It (be) …….often hot in the summer.
3. Do you prefer (take) ……………part in sports ?
4. We went to the doctor because we (be)……………….. sick.
5. She (be)………. here tomorrow.
IV. Fill in the blanks with a suitable preposition.
1. I received a letter ………….my friend yesterday.
2. Khoi is my close friend. I spend most of my free time…………..him.
3. His friends didn’t laugh…………..his jokes.
4. My friends usually enjoy my sense ………..humor.
5. He lives …………26 Tran Phu Street ………Ha Noi.

V. Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
Thirty years ago in Vietnam, very few people had TV sets. TV owners were very rare. After
dinner, their neighbors gathered both inside and outside their houses and watched the black and
white T.V programs. The older might sleep and children might play with their friends, but no
one went home until the T.V station closed for the night.

Time has changed. Today many families have a T.V set so they can sit in their living
rooms and watch T.V. Life is more comfortable and neighbors do not spend much time
together to watch T.V. Sometimes they are strangers

1. Thirty year ago ……
A. only some Vietnamese people had their own T.V
B. all Vietnamese people had their own T.V
2. In the past our T.V progams were ………..
A. colored
B. black and white
3. In the evening, they gathered in their neighbor’s houses …………
A. to talk to one another
B. to watch T.V
4. Today neighbors ………….
A.don’t know each other as well as they did in the past
B. spend more time together to watch TV

Đề 02
I. From each number, pich out one word whose underlined part is pronounced
differently from the others.(1 mark)
1. a. seat
b. great
c. seaside
d. beach
2. a. looked
b. suggested
c. minded
d. decided
3. a. stamps
b. trains
c. hotels
d. caves

4. a. typhoon
b. goose
c. food
d. flood
5. a. bought
b. drought
c. brought
d. ought
II. Choose the correct answer for each sentence. (3 marks)
1. Hoa_____________ in Hue last year.
a. lives
b. lived
c. living
2. Ba is not old enough______________ a car.
a. drive
b. drives
c. to drive
3. Trang had a new book and she has no homework today. She is going to ____________
a. read
b. do homework
c. see a movie
4. Ba and Bao _____________ chess tomorrow.
a. play
b. played
c. will play
5. Minh is usually late for school. He ought to ______________.
a. go to school late
b. get up early
c. do a lot of homework
6. We______________ television yesterday evening.

a. watch
b. watched
c. to watch
7. They should go to the movies ______________ 6:30 and 7:00.
a. on
b. at
c. between
8. Mai usually _____________ to school in the morning.
a. goes
b. go
c. went
9. Hoa used to ______________ long hair.
a. has
b. have
c. had
10. Quang had bad marks in Math last semester. He should _______________ .
a. watch TV a lot b. do a lot of homework
c. write a lot of letters
11. Mrs. Nga speaks English _____________.


a. good
b. goodly
c. well
12. The woman ________ the red shirt is my math teacher.
a. wear
b. wearing
c. worn
13. ______________ I come to the airport with you?
a. will

b. shall
c. won’t
14. I’ll write to Mai in order to ________ her to my birthday party.
a. inviting
b. invited
c. invite
15. The empty bottles _____________ by the milkman.
a. are collect
b. collected
c. are collected
III. Fill in each blank with one word from the box (2 marks)
dinner

outside

call

school

know

under

late

vase

cupboard

Mrs Vui: I am going to be home (1)____________ tonight. I have to go and visit Grandma

after work.
Nam : What time will you be home?
Mrs Vui: I will be home after (2)____________. You will have to cook dinner yourself.
Nam : All right.
Mrs Vui: There is rice in the (3)____________. But you ought to buy some fish and
vegetables. The steamer is (4)____________ the sink. The rice cooker is beside the stove.
Nam : OK. Give my love to Grandma.
Mrs Vui: I will. Can you (5)_______________ Aunt Chi, please?
Nam : No problem. Bye, Mom.
IV. Read the passage and answer the questions: (2 marks)
Alexander Graham Bell was born in Scotland on March 3, 1847. He later emigrated
first to Canada and to the USA in 1870s. Bell and his assistant, Thomas Watson,
conducted many experiments and finally came up with the first telephone in 1876.
Traveling all over America, Bell demonstrated his invention at a lot of exhibitions.
Questions:
1/ Was Bell born in Scotland in 1847?
_ _______________________________________________________________________
2/ Where did he emigrate later?
_ ______________________________________________________________________
3/ Who is his assistant?
_ _______________________________________________________________________
4/ When did they invent the first telephone?
_ _______________________________________________________________________
V. Supply the correct tense of the verbs in brackets. (2 marks)
1. Do you like this picture? My uncle (paint)………it.
2. Kylie (make)………her first film when she was 21.
3. I live in Washington, though I (stay)………..in London at the moment.
4. ………….(you/see) the football match yesterday?
5. They (work)……….very hard when they (be)……….young.
6. Last year my brother (spend)……….his summer holiday (do) volunteer work in the

mountainous area.

good


Đề 03
I. Choose the word which has the underlined parts is pronounced differently(1p)
1. A. looked
B. watched
C. carried
D. stopped
2. A. hot
B. hat
C. hour
D. hello
3. A. danger
B. angry
C. language
D. passage
4. A. character
B. children
C. teacher
D. change
II. Supply the correct word form.(2 ps)
1. She’s always worried about the ……….of her family.
(safe)
2. Don’t leave the light on. It wastes ……………………..
(electric)
3. This river is very ……………….for swimmers
(danger)

4. you must put all medicine …………………..cupboards.
(lock)
5. I’ll make ……………………….for the meeting tonight.
(arrange)
VII/ Supply the correct form of the verbs in brackets (2ps).
1) We often (go).......................................to the library three times aweek.
2) I (buy)..........................................this book yesterday.
3) Lan and Nga (be).............................going to see a movie.
4) You ought to (study)...................................harder.
IV. Read the passage, then decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F). Correct the
false sentences. (1,5ps )
Graham Bell was born in Scotland in 1847, when he was a young man of twentythree he moved with his parents to Canada. Before the year was over, young Graham had
left his family and gone to Boston. Though Bell was a dreamer, he was also a practical
thinker and a man of action. In Boston, where he worked by day as a teacher of the deaf, he
worked far into the night experimenting with the electrical transmission of the sound. This
led to the invention of the telephone.
…….. 1. Alexander Graham Bell was born in Scotland.
…….. 2. He emigrated to Canada in 1860.
…….. 3. He went to Boston when he was twenty-three.
…….. 4. Graham Bell worked with the deaf in Boston.
…….. 5. He experimented with the electrical transmission of the sound by day.
…….. 6. Graham Bell invented the telephone.
V. Underline the correct word or words to complete each sentence: ( 2pts )
1/ No one helped Trang to draw a picture. She did it…. ( yourself / herself / myself ).
2/ A person who can not speak or hear is called a……….. ( deaf / blind / deaf-mute ).
3/ The speaking English contest will be held …………( on / in / at ) November 10th.
4/ My little brother is ill. I have to stay at home to look after ( his / him / himself ).
5/ I am…… (enough rich not/ enough not rich/not rich enough/ not enough rich) to buy this
house.
6/ The kitchen is a……………… ( danger / dangerous / dangerously ) place to play.

7/ You must ……………….( do / to do / doing ) your homework right away.
8/ She went to school late this morning……….. ( if / because / so ) she watched TV late last
night.
V. Rewrite or combine sentences as directed in brackets : ( 1,5pt )
1/ Her hair is long and black


- She has…………………………………………………
2/ The boy isn’t strong. He can’t lift this box. (Use "adjective + enough")
- The boy isn’t .................................................................................................................
3/ I want to invite my friends to my birthday party.
(Use "be going to + infinitive")
- I’m ...............................................................................................................................
Đề 04
I. Match the name of things in column A with their description in colunm B. (1,5
marks)
A
B
1. answering machine
a. a book in which you can write people’s names,
addresses, telephone numbers…
2. address book
b. an equipment used for sending and receiving copies
of documents.
3. mobile phone
c. a book containing the names, telephone numbers,
and addresses of people and business.
4. fax machine
d. a telephone which is vailable for people in general
to use.

5. puplic telephone
e. a machine that answers your telephone and records
messages.
6. telephone directory
f. a telephone you can carry around with you.
1. ……; 2. ……; 3.. ……; 4.. ……; 5.. ……; 6. ……
II. Pick out the word that doesn’t belong to the group with the others. (2 marks)
1.
A. bookself B. myself
C. herself
D. itself.
2.
A. must
B. should
C. can
D. need
3.
A. cooker
B. socket
C. sausepan D. steamer
4.
A. bowl
B. plate
C. glass
D. knife
5.
A. beside
B. beneath C. during
D. above
III. Choose the most suitable words or phrases to fill the blanks. (2,5 marks)

1. The children are old enough to look after ……………
A. themselves
B. ourselves
C. herself
D. for
themselves
2. I am…………………… to buy this car
A. enough rich not
B. not rich enough C. not enough rich D. enough not rich
3. She,s very lucky because she has ………………..friends.
A. a lot of
B. lot
C. lots
4. Mr Ha was out so Mr Tan………………. a message for him
A. called
B. spoke
C. took
5. Let,s…………..at the front door
A. meets
B. meeting
C. to meet
6. Can I speak ……………..Hoa, please?
A. on
B. at
C. to
7. You’ll ……….cook dinner yourself.

D. much
D. taken
D. meet

D. with


A. ought to

B. must

C. should

D. have to

8. She asks her children not to go………………….because of the cold weather
A. inside
B. outside
C. upstairs
D. downstairs
9. First, Nam and Lan must do this work………………….
A. himself
B. themselves
C. herself
D. ourselves
10.We ought ……. The wardrobe in the corner oppsite the bed.
A. put
B. push
C. to put
D. to pust
IV. Supply the correct word form. (2 marks)
6. She’s always worried about the ……….of her family.
(safe)
7. Don’t leave the light on. It wastes ……………………..

(electric)
8. This river is very ……………….for swimmers
(danger)
9. you must put all medicinesin …………………..cupboards. (lock)
10. I’ll make ……………………….for the meeting tonight.
(arrange)
V. Fill in the blanks with the suitable verbs in the correct form. (2 marks)
sweep feed rub empty dust tidy cook wash
1. My mother …………………the funiture every day.
2. She ……………………the garbage two days ago.
3. Would you like to come for dinner? I…………….. a hearty dinner tonight.
4. He ………………..the rugs last Sunday.
5. They ………..the dishes now.
6. You’d better ………..your room before your mother arrives.
7. What………you usually ………………..your dog on?
8. Mai ……………….the kitchen floor yesterday evening.
Đề 05
I. Fill in the blank with a correct reflexive pronoun. (2 marks)
1. My sister often looks at ………………….in the mirror.
2. Mark made ………………..a sandwich.
3. This refrigerator defrosts……………………….
4. Hoa and I………………….saw that accident yesterday.
5. Did you pay for ……………….?
6. The children can look after…………………for a few days.
7. Please help me. I can’t do it…………………
8. Take care of………………………!
II. Choose the most suitable words or phrases to fill the blanks. (2,5 marks)
1. The children are old enough to look after ……………
A. themselves
B. ourselves

C. herself
2. I am…………………… to buy this car
A. enough rich not
B. not rich enough C. not enough rich
3. She,s very lucky because she has ………………..friends.
A. a lot of
B. lot
C. lots
4. Mr Ha was out so Mr Tan………………. a message for him
A. called
B. spoke
C. took
,
5. Let s…………..at the front door

D. for themse
D. enough not rich
D. much
D. taken