Tài liệu SQL Server 2008 Database Administration– Monitoring and Performance pdf

p. 1
Chapter 9: Monitoring and
Performance
1
Course 157: SQL Server 2008 Database Administration
Presented by Scott Whigham
p. 2
Overview
• Chapter
Introduction
• Tools for
Monitoring
• SQL Server
Profiler
Monitoring
• Understanding
and Using the
DMVs
• PerfMon
• Data Collector
What We’re Going to Cover
p. 3
• Chapter 9 is about performance and
exception monitoring your server
• We’ll start with the basics (using Profiler)
and end with new features in SQL Server
2008 (Data Collector)
Chapter Introduction
p. 4
Overview

• Chapter
Introduction
• Tools for
Monitoring
• SQL Server
Profiler
Monitoring
• Understanding
and Using the
DMVs
• PerfMon
• Data Collector
What We’re Going to Cover
p. 5
• There are many built-in tools to monitor
performance and health:
– Activity Monitor and sp_who
• Covered in Chapter 5!
– SQL Server Profiler
• Detailed view of statements issued against instance
– Dynamic Management Views (DMVs)
• “Live” view of server health and activity
– Performance counters and objects (“PerfMon”)
• “Live” view of server health and activity
– Data Collector
• Historical view of server health and activity
Tools of Performance Monitoring
p. 6
Profiler
DMVs

Perf
Mon
Data
Coll.
Provides “live”, real-time reporting?
Can do trend analysis and historical reporting?
Requires
manual load
Requires
manual load
Requires
manual load
Can view SQL issued?
Provides detail-level view or summary?
Detail
Depends…
Summary
Summary
Can be used to diagnose performance problems?
Level of impact on server
Low
None
Negligible
Low-Hi
Difficulty level
100-300
200-400
200-300
300-500
Tools of Performance Monitoring

“But Mr. Scott, how do I know when to use each one?”
p. 7
• Let’s play with Profiler!
In the next video…
p. 8
Chapter 9: Monitoring and
Performance
8
Course 157: SQL Server 2008 Database Administration
Presented by Scott Whigham
p. 9
Overview
• Chapter
Introduction
• Tools for
Monitoring
• SQL Server
Profiler
Monitoring
• Understanding
and Using the
DMVs
• PerfMon
• Data Collector
What We’re Going to Cover
p. 10
• SQL Server Profiler is a tool for
monitoring real-time queries issued
against your server
– “Old Faithful” - been around for years

– Requires sysadmin or ALTER TRACE server
permission
SQL Server Profiler
p. 11
SQL Server Profiler
p. 12
• DBAs use traces to monitor statements
sent to SQL Server
– We’ve already seen how SQL Server uses “default
traces” in Chapter 7
• Running traces will have an impact on
server performance
– How much? It depends on how much you trace
SQL Server Profiler
p. 13
• SQL Server Profiler is the GUI for
defining, viewing, and replaying traces
– It does not have to be running to create a trace
– Many DBAs create their traces via Profiler and
then script out to jobs
SQL Server Profiler
p. 14
• Running Profiler on a “live” system adds
to an already stressful situation
– Particularly if run interactively on the server
• If you must run Profiler against a “live”
server, run it remotely
• Adds network overhead but this is almost never an
issue today
SQL Server Profiler

p. 15
• Trace data can be stored:
– In a .trc file (fastest)
– In a SQL Server table
• .trc files can be configured to rollover to
a new file after a certain threshold
• Can load .trc file contents into SQL Server
table after trace for maximum flexibility!
SQL Server Profiler
p. 16
• After trace is complete, you can export
results
SQL Server Profiler
p. 17
• Tips on working with Profiler
– Traces can have filters to help minimize the noise
• The better you filter, the less of an impact you put on
the server
– Being able to write queries against the trace
results can help you identify many common trends
and problems
• This requires you load the trace data into a table!
SQL Server Profiler
p. 18
• Let’s play with Profiler!
In the next video…
p. 19
Chapter 9: Monitoring and
Performance
19

Course 157: SQL Server 2008 Database Administration
Presented by Scott Whigham
p. 20
Overview
• Chapter
Introduction
• Tools for
Monitoring
• SQL Server
Profiler
Monitoring
• Understanding
and Using the
DMVs
• PerfMon
• Data Collector
What We’re Going to Cover
p. 21
• DBAs use Dynamic Management Views
(“DMVs”) and Dynamic Management
Functions (“DMFs”) to peek under the
covers
– In the sys schema and begin with dm_
– Used to get up-to-the-second performance
information during critical time
– Often need to JOIN many together to come up
with desired results
Dynamic Management Views
p. 22
Profiler

DMVs
Perf
Mon
Data
Coll.
Provides “live”, real-time reporting?
Can do trend analysis and historical reporting?
Requires
manual load
Requires
manual load
Requires
manual load
Can view SQL issued?
Provides detail-level view or summary?
Detail
Depends…
Summary
Summary
Can be used to diagnose performance problems?
Level of impact on server
Low
None
Negligible
Low-Hi
Difficulty level
100-300
300-500
200-300
300-500

Tools of Performance Monitoring
Reminder…
p. 23
• There are too many DMxs to cover each
one so we’ll cover concepts and core
DMxs
– Over 130 DMVs and DMFs in SQL Server 2008!
• It is important for DBAs to maintain a
script library
Dynamic Management Views
p. 24
• The easiest way to get to know the
DMVs/DMFs is to categorize them
– Below are the more popular categories for
performance monitoring
Dynamic Management Views
Category
DMx prefix
Database
sys.dm_db_
Execution/Sessions
sys.dm_exec_
IO
sys.dm_io_
OS
sys.dm_os_
Transactions
sys.dm_tran_