Bộ 5 đề ôn tập hè Tiếng Anh 12 năm 2021 Trường THPT Phan Bội Châu

Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

TRƯỜNG THPT PHAN BOI CHAU

DE ÔN TAP HE NAM HỌC 2020-2021
MÔN: TIENG ANH 12
(Thời gian làm bài: 45 phút, không kể thời gian phát dé)

4. Đề số
Bai 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The American type of football was developed in the 19th century from soccer and rugby football.
Played by professionals, amateurs, college and high school students, or young children, football
in American is one of the most popular sports besides basketball and baseball. It attracts millions
of fans each fall and people are very supportive of their favourite teams. The football playing field
of today is rectangular in shape and measures 100 yards long and 53.5 yards wide. White lines
are painted on the playing field to mark off the distances to the end zone. The games is divided
into four quarters, each fifteen minutes long. The first two quarters are known as the first half.
There is a rest period between two halves which usually last about fifteen minutes. Each team
has eleven players. Each team has offensive players who play when the team has possession of
the ball and defensive players who play when the other team has the possession of the ball.
Because of the body contact players have during the game, helmets are worn to protect their
head and face area, whereas pads are worn to protect the shoulders, arms, and legs. Also, there

are officials carrying whistles and flags to make certain that the rules of the game are followed
during the game. The football is made of leather and is brown in colour. It is shaped much like an
oval and has white rings near each end of the football. These rings help the players see the ball
when it is thrown or someone is running with it. The eight stitches on the top of the football help
the players to grip the ball when throwing or passing. The most famous game of the year is Super
Bowl that is played in January or February. It is televised around the world and is watched by
millions of people each year.

Question 1: What do officials do during the game of football?
A. build up excitement among the fans
B. supervise the game
C. take up tickets
D. spectate the game
Question

2: As mentioned

in the text, who are the most active when their team

has the ball?

A. offensive players
B. defensive players
C. the officials
D. the fans
Question 3: Playing American football is the most similar to playing
A. rugby football
B. basketball
C. baseball

D. volleyball
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Question 4: What do pads help the players to protect?

A. their legs and arms
B. their heads
C. the whole body
D. their faces
Question 5: When

is the most famous football game held annually?

A. in the fall
B. January
C. February

D. January or February
Question 6: Why are there white rings on each end of the football?
A. to mark off the distances to the end zone
B. to help players run
C. to help players score
D. to help players see the ball
Question 7: The word "grip" in the passage means to
A. avoid something
B. take something away

C. hold something tightly
D. detect something
Question 8: Which is the most popular sport in the US?
A. Rugby football

B. Soccer
C. American football
D. It's not mentioned

Question 9: How many people watch the match every year?
A. millions
B. billions
C.a million
D. a billion
Bai 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
Who talks more - men or women? Most people believe that women talk more. However, linguist
Deborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that
this is a stereotype. According to Tannen, women are more verbal - talk more - in private
situations, where they use conversation as the “glue’ to hold relationships together. But, she says,
men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain
status. Tannen points out that we can see these difference even in children. Little girls often play
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with one ‘best friend’ and their play includes a lot of conversation. Little boys often play games in
groups, their play usually involves more doing than talking. In school, girls are often better at
verbal skills, while boys are often better at mathematics.

A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference. Researchers
studied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents. They found evidence that
parents talk very differently to their sons than they do to their daughters. The startling conclusion
was that parents use more language with their girls. Specifically, when parents talk with their
daughters, they use more descriptive language and more details. There is also far more talk about
emotions, especially with daughters than with sons.
Question 1: Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?
A. Women

talk more than men on the whole

B. Women’s talking is a stereotype
C. Women

talk more in private, and men talk more in public

D. Little boys and little girls have different ways of playing
Question 2: Which word is similar in meaning to the word “glue” ?
A. games
B. sticky substance
C. rope
D. means
Question 3: Which of the following phrases best explains the meaning of the word “verbal”?
A. Deriving from verbs
B. Connected with use of spoken language
C. Using very loud noise
D. Being very talkative

Question 4: The word “they” refers to
A. Situations
B. Men
C. Men and women
D. Women

Question 5: Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph?
A. Researchers have studied the conversations of children and their parents.
B. Parents do not talk much about sadness with their sons.
C. Study at Emory University can help to explain the differences between communication styles

of boys and girls.
D. An Emory University study found than parents talk more with their daughters than with their
sons.
Question 6: Which of the following statement is TRUE about the passage?
A. Parents give more love to their daughters than to their sons.
B. Boys don't like to be with their parents as much as girls do.
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©. Parents use more language to talk with their daughters.
D. Boys don't like showing emotions.
Bai 3. Read the passage and fill the blanks.

MY HOBBY
| (1)
learning the guitar when | (2)
ten years old. My first guitar was a
present from my uncle. It was very old and needed repairing, but | loved it and used to play it
until my fingers hurt. On my twelfth birthday, my father (3)
me a new brand one, and
| (4)
going on with private guitar lessons. My teacher teaches classical guitar, which
| like, but | really want to play rock music. Sometimes | (5)
an electric guitar. It is very
loud and my mother always (6)
it. Unfortunately it is not mine, it is my friend’s. My
ambition (7)
to play in a rock band and make records; | would like to travel around

the world, playing in different countries. My friend is a good singer, so we are going to forma
band together. All we need to do is finding a drummer and a bass player. | (8)
some
songs in the future. And then, we (9)
in my bedroom. I’m sure my mother

(10)

1. A. started

B. start

C. has started

|D. had started

2.A.am

B. was

C. will be

D. had been

3. A. buys

B. had bought

|C. bought

D. will buy

4.A.will start

|B. start

C. has started

|D. started

5. A. am playing

|B. play

C. has played

|D. had played

6. A. hates

B. hate

C. will hate

D. hated

7. A. is being

B. was

C.is

D. had been

8. A. write

B. will write

C. has written

|D. had written

or oe nas

B. practised

C. practise

D. will practise

10. A. won't
mind

B. doesn’t mind

C. aren't
minding

D. hadn't
minded

DAP AN
Bai 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

1.B

2.A

3.A

4.A

5.D

6.D

|7.C

8.D

|9.A

Bai 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.

1.C

2.B

3.B

4.B

5.D

6.C

Bai 3. Read the passage and fill the blanks.
1-A;2-B;3-C0;4-D;5-B;
II) es


Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

6-A;7-C;8-B;9-D;10-A;

2. Đề số 2
Bai 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
The increase in urbanization causes different problems. Air and water pollution are amongst the
major issue we have to tackle.
In the first place, cars, factories and burning waste emit dangerous gases that change the air
quality in our cities and pose threats to our health. Dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide and
nitrogen

oxides

cause

respiratory diseases,

for instant,

proved to have long-term effects on the environment.

bronchitis and

asthma.

Those

are also

Furthermore, with the increased population, it becomes difficult to manage the waste generated

in cities. Most of the waste is discharged or dumped into rivers or onto streets. The waste pollutes

water and makes it unfit for human consumption. Subsequently, it becomes more and more
difficult for city dwellers to get clean water. Some cities in Africa are unable to provide adequate
water supply because most of the water is lost in pipe leakages. In fact, most city dwellers in
developing countries are forced to boil their water or to buy bottled water, which is very expensive.
There are several actions that could be taken to eradicate the problems described above. Firstly,
a simple solution would be joining community efforts to address problems affecting your city. Ask
your parents, friends and relatives to join in as well. These efforts might include clean-up
campaigns, recycling projects and a signature campaign to ask the government to do something
about the situation. A second measure would be encouraging your teacher to talk about these
problems and to discuss how young people can help to solve them. Finally, writing to local
organizations working on these issues for ideas on how you can contribute to solve them.

Question 1: The word tackle in paragraph 1 is closestin meaning to__..
A. deal with
B. make up

C. try on
D. turn down

Question 2: The word those in paragraph 2 refers to _......
A. bronchitis and asthma
B. carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides

©. dangerous gases
D. respiratory diseases
Question 3: According to the passage, in some cities in Africa __..
A. people are allowed to dump waste into rivers and on streets
B. people aren't provided enough water due to leaking pipes
C. people have found some solutions to the problems
D. people would rather use boiling water and bottled water
Question 4: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. City problems should be taught and be topic for students to discuss at school.
B. Children must ask for their parent's permission before joining community efforts.
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C. Participators might take part in different kinds of projects and campaigns.
D. People can contribute in solving the problems
these issues.

by writing to local organizations working

on

Question 5: Which of the following would serve as the best title for the passage?
A. Environment degradation: Air and water pollution
B. Environmental pollution: Problems and actions

C. Increasing urbanization: Causes and effects
D. Increasing urbanization: Effects and solutions
Bai 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
American folk music originated with (1)
people at a time when the rural population was
isolated and music was not (2)
spread by radio, records, or music video. It was
(3)
by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major
source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as
songs of the American Indians have significant part in its heritage. Later settler from other
countries also contributed songs. In the nineteenth century, composer Steven Foster wrote some
of the most enduringly popular of all American songs, (4)
soon became part of the folk
tradition. Beginning in the 1930s, Woody Guthrie gained great popularity by adapting melodies
and lyrics and supplying new ones as well. In the 1950s and 1960s, singer — composers such as
Peter Seeger, Bob Dylan, Joan Baez continued this tradition by urban’ folk music. Many of these
songs deal (5)
important social issue, such as racial integration and the war in Vietnam.

Question 6: A. ordinary B. popular C. common D. typical

Question 7: A. even B. still C. until D. yet
Question 8: A. transferred B. transformed C. transmitted D. transited

Question 9: A. which B. this C. who D. that
Question 10: A. in B. by C. with D. at
Bai 3. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in (1)
. Many species
of animals are threatened, and could easily become (2) __
if we do not make an effort to
protect them.

In some

cases,

animals are hunted for their fur or for other valuable parts of their

bodies. Some birds, such as parrots, are caught (3)
and sold as pets. For many animals
and birds the problem is that their habitat - the place where they live - is disappearing. More land
is used for farms, for houses or industry, and there are fewer open spaces than there once were.
Farmers use powerful chemicals to help them to grow better crops, but these chemicals pollute
the environment and (4)
wildlife. The most successful animals on earth - human beings
- will soon be the only ones (5)
, unless we can solve this problem.

Question 11: A. threat B. problem C. danger D. vanishing

Question 12: A. disappeared B. vanished C. extinct D. empty
Question 13: A. for life B. alive C. lively D. for living
Question 14: A. spoil B. wound C. wrong D. harm

Question 15: A. left B. over C. staying D. survive

DAP AN
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1A

|2.C

3B

4B

|5D

|6A

|l7D

9.A

10C

|11C

|12.C

113.B

|14.D

|15.A

|8.C

3. Đề số 3
Bai 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
The poaching crisis wiping out Africa's elephants is costing the continent's economies millions in
lost tourism revenue, according to a new study. Researchers looked at visitor and elephant data
across 25 countries, and modeled financial losses from fewer visitors in protected areas due to
the illegal wildlife trade, which has caused elephant numbers to plummet by more than 100,000
in the last decade. (A)
The study team combined visitor numbers across 164 protected areas in 25 countries in forest
and savannah elephants, and elephant population data from 2009 to 2013, to reach a “per
elephant" value in terms of tourism income.
They concluded that Africa was most likely losing $26m in tourism revenue a year. (B) Around
$9m of that is lost from tourists’ direct soending, such as staying at hotels and buying crafts, with
the rest through indirect value in the economy such as farmers and other suppliers supporting
the tourist industry.
The study, published in the journal Nature Communications, found that in most cases the revenue
losses were higher than paying for stronger anti-pboaching measures to keep elephant populations
stable. (C) Dr. Robin Naidoo, the paper's lead author and , senior conservation wildlife scientist

at WWE and his team found. In the case of central Africa's forest elephants, which are harder for
tourists to see and therefore attract fewer visitors, the costs of protecting them exceed the benefits
from tourism. Demand from south-east Asia has seen the price of ivory triple since 2009 and it is
estimated that one elephant is killed every 15 minutes. (D) Corruption, a lack of resources, and,
most importantly, increasingly sophisticated poachers have hamstrung African countries’ efforts
to stem the trade.
Naidoo said that the research was not suggesting economic issues should be the only
consideration when protecting elephants, but framing the poaching crisis as a financial one could
motivate African governments and communities.
“It gives an
by intrinsic
to them that
for a whole

additional reason for some groups of people, who may not necessarily be motivated
reasons for conversation, to engage with biodiversity conservation. It makes it clear
it's not just in the best interests of the world to conserve this stuff, but tangible reasons
different group," he said.

Question 1: The overall profit that the continent lost a year can be estimatedto__..
A. 25 million USD

B. 100,000 USD
C. 26 million USD
D. 9 million USD
Question 2: Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. To get to the conclusion, scientists compared the changes in number of tourists and number
of elephants in 2009.
B. The only reason why illegal poaching is so difficult to stop is corruption.

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C. Protecting elephants is for the both the practical and immaterial reasons.
D. There is an argument over the differences in the balance between the loss and the cost to
protect the elephants.
Question 3: Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Across the continent, the amount of money spent on protecting the elephant is smaller than
the loss tourist industry is suffering from.
B. The number of tourists reduces because now it is more difficult for them to see the elephants

in the wild.

C. One reason why elephants are killed in mass volume is from the increasing market of ivory in

South East Asia.
D. Relating
problem.

poaching

to financial

benefits can

be considered

as one

of the solutions to the

Question 4: Which of the positions marked in the passage does the phrase "but the financial
argument did not stack up in all areas,” best fit?

A. (A)
B. (B)
©. (C)
D. (D)
Question 5: The word plummet in paragraph † is closest in meaning to_......
A. fall B. fluctuate

C. rise D. Stabilize
Question 6: The word sophisticated in paragraph 4 is closestin meaning to _..
A. simple
B. outdated
C. advanced
D. basic
Question 7: The word motivate in paragraph 5 is closestin meaning to__.
A. change
B. design

C. form
D. inspire
Question 8: Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Elephant poaching costs African millions in tourism revenue
B. Elephant poaching does more good than harm
C. Elephant poaching brings an opportunity for Africa to change
D. Elephant poaching reduces the number of elephants in Africa

Bai 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
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Animation traditionally is done by hand-drawing or painting successive frame of an object, each
slightly different than the proceeding frame. In computer animation, although the computer may

be the one to draw the different frames, in most cases the artist will draw the beginning and

ending frames and the computer will produce the drawings between the first and the last drawing.
This is generally referred to as computer-assisted animation, because the computer is more of a
helper than an originator.
In full computer animation, complex mathematical formulas are used to produce the final
sequences of pictures. These formulas operate on extensive databases of numbers that defines
the objects in the pictures as they exist in mathematical space. The database consists of
endpoints, and color and intensity information. Highly trained professionals are needed to
produce such effects because animation that obtains high degrees of realism involves computer
techniques from three-dimensional transformation, shading, and curvatures.

High-tech computer animation for film involves very expensive computer systems along with
special color terminals or frame buffers. The frame buffer is nothing more than a giant image
memory for viewing a single frame. It temporarily holds the image for display on the screen.
A camera can be used to film directly from the computer’s display screen, but for the highest
quality images possible, expensive film recorders are used. The computer computers the
positions and colors for the figures in the picture, and sends this information to the recorder,
which captures it on film. Sometimes, however, the images are stored on a large magnetic disk
before being sent to the recorder. Once this process is completed, it is replaced for the next

frame. When the entire sequence has been recorded on the film, the film must be developed
before the animation can be viewed. If the entire sequence does not seem right, the motions must
be corrected, recomputed, redisplayed, and rerecorded. This approach can be very expensive
and time — consuming. Often, computer-animation companies first do motion tests with simple
computer-generated line drawings before selling their computers to the task of calculating the
high-resolution, realistic-looking images.
Question 9: Which of the following statement is supported by the passage?
A. Computers have reduced the costs of animation.
B. In the future, traditional artists will no longer be needed.
C. Artists are unable to produce drawings as high in quality as computer drawings.
D. Animation involves a wide range of technical and artistic skills.
Question 10: The word “they” in the second paragraph refers to
A. formulas B. objects
C. numbers D. database
Question 11: According to the passage, the frame buffers mentioned in the third paragraph are
used to
A. add color to the images
B. expose several frames at the same time
C. store individual images
D. create new frames
Question 12: According to the passage,
animation are determined by

the positions

and

colors of the figures

in high-tech

A. drawing several versions

B. enlarging one frame at a lime
II) pc


Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

C. analyzing the sequence from different angles
D. using computer calculations
Question 13: The word “captures” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaningto_
A. separates
B. registers
C. describes
D. numbers
Question 14: The word “Once” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. before
B. since
C. after

D. while
Question
motion?

15: According

to the

passage,

how

do

computer-animation

companies

often

test

A. They experiment with computer-generated line drawings.
B. They hand-draw successive frames.
C. They calculate high-resolutions images.
D. They develop extensive mathematical formulas.

Bài 3. Chọn đáp án đúng nhất đề hoàn thành bài khóa dưới day.
Computers have become (1)
of our daily lives. We visit shops, offices and places of
scenic (2)
with the helo of computers. We pay bills prepared (3)
computers. We read newspapers and magazines (4)
contents have been produced
on computers. We receive letters from and send letters to (5)
every part of the world
with the help (6)
computers. In addition, we can (7)
learn foreign

languages on computers.
What makes computers (8)
a miraculous device? Each time you turn a computer on,
with (9)
hardware and software, it is (10)
of doing almost anything you
ask it (11)
. It is considered a (12)
machine that speeds up calculations
(13)
it can add, subtract, multiply, and (14)
with lightning speed and
perfect (15)

A computers is also an electronic (16)

device which can manage large collections of
(17)
. What is more, it is a (18)
typewriter which allows us (19)
and print any kind of document. (20)
all, it is a personal communicator which helps
us to interact with each other very quickly and effectively.
1. A. part

B. a part

C. parts

D. apart

2.A.beauties

|B. beautiful

C. beauty

D. beautified

3. A. with

B. by

C. for

D. in

4. A. who

B. whom

C. whose

D. which

II ):-INT


Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

5. A. almost

B. most

C. almost all

D. the most

6. A. on

B. by

C. at

D. of

7. A. even

B. rarely

C. event

C. nearly

8. A. SO

B. that

C. such

D. then

9. A. unsuitable

|B. appropriate

|C. different

D. various

10. A. capable

|B.improbable

|C. incapable

D. probable

11. A. doing

B. to doing

C. for doing

D. to do

12. A.

B. calculate

C. calculating

|D. calculator

13. A. due to

B. because

C. thanks to

D. because of

14. A. divide

B. dilate

C. dignify

D. diffuse

15. A. accurate

|B. accreted

C. acutance

D. accuracy

16. A. storage

|B. stored

C. stores

D. store

17. A. data

B. datum

C. data

D. datum

18. A. magical

|B. magnified

C. magic

D. magnetic

19. A. to input

|B. inputting

C. to input

D. input

20. A. under

B. among

C. over

D. above

calculated

DAP AN
1.C

2.C

3. A

4.C

5. A

6.C

7.D

9.D

10B

|11.C

|12D

|13.A

|14.C

|15.A

8.A

Bai 3. Chon dap an dung nhat để hồn thành bài khóa dưới đây.
1-B;2-C;3-B;4-C;5-A;6-D;7-A;8-C;9-B;10-A;
11-D;12-C;13-B;14-A;15-D;16-A;17-A;18-A;19-C;20-C;

4. Đề số 4
Bai 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best way to make an important
decision, such as choosing a university to attend or business to invest in, involves the utilization
of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions
made by people to theretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents of the
worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there

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are several variations on the exact format that worksheets

their essential aspects.

cam

take, they are all similar in

Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible
solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that all possible solutions to the
problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and
the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration
is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically
calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points
emerges as the best decision.
Since

most

important problems

are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose

from,

each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper
decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds
can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas
in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large
number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is
the question "What will | do after graduation?" A graduate might seek a position that offers
specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.

A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help
to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate
goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones.
Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to "What will
| do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?"
Question 1: According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that
A. has the fewest variables to consider
B. uses the most decision worksheet
C. has the most points assigned to it
D. is agreed to by the greatest number of people
Question 2: Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?
A. Proponents (paragraph 1)
B. Optimal (paragraph 1)
C. Variables (paragraph 3)
D. Long-range goals (paragraph 4)
Question 3: The word "essential" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A. introductory
B. fundamental
CG. changeable
D. Beneficial
Question 4: The author states that "On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their
minds at once" (paragraph 3) to explain that
A. people can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice
B. most decisions involve seven steps.

C. human mental capacity has limitations.
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Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

D. some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions.
Question 5: The word "it" in paragraph 4 refers to
A. worksheet
B. problem
C. distinction
D. decision
Question 6: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions.
B. Research on how people make decisions.

C. A tool to assist in making complex decisions.
D. Differences between long-range and short-range decision making.
Question 7: Of the following
worksheet?

steps, which

occurs

BEFORE

the others

in making

a decision

A. Listing the consequences of each solution.
B. Writing down all possible solutions.

C. Deciding which consequences are most important.
D. Calculating a numerical summary of each solution.
Dap an:

1.C

2.B

3.B

4.B

5. B

6.C

7.A

Bai 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
“When a snow leopard stalks its prey among the mountain walls, it moves softly, slowly,” explains

Indian biologist Raghunandan

Singh Chundawat, who

has studied the animal for years. “If it

knocks a stone loose, it will reach out a foot to stop it from falling and making noise.” One might
be moving right now, perfectly silent, maybe close by. But where? And how many are left to see?

Best known for its spotted coat and long distinctive tail, the snow leopard is one of the world’s
most secretive animals. These elusive cats can only be found high in the remote, mountainous
regions of central Asia. For this reason, and because they hunt primarily at night, they are very
rarely seen.
Snow leopards have been officially protected since 1975, but enforcing this law has proven
difficult. Many continue to be killed for their fur and body parts, which are worth a fortune on the
black market. In recent years, though, conflict with local herders has also led to a number of snow

leopard deaths. This is because the big cats kill the herders’ animals, and drag the bodies away
to eat high up in the mountains.
As a result of these pressures,
7,000, and some fear that the
way to reverse this trend and
is to make them more valuable

the current snow leopard population is estimated at only 4,000 to
actual number may already have dropped below 3,500. The only
bring these cats back from near extinction, say conservationists,
alive than dead.

Because farming is difficult in Central Asia’s cold, dry landscape, traditional cultures depend
mostly on livestock (mainly sheep and goats) to survive in these mountainous regions. At night,
when snow leopards hunt, herders’ animals are in danger of snow leopard attacks. Losing only a
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Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

few animals can push a family into desperate poverty. “The wolf comes and kills, eats, and goes

somewhere else,” said one herder, “but snow leopards are always around. They have killed one
or two animals many time. Everybody wanted to finish this leopard.”
To address this problem, local religious leaders have called for an end to snow leopard killings,
saying that these wild animals have the right to exist peacefully. They’ve also tried to convince
people that the leopards are quite rare and thus it is important to protect them. Financial
incentives are also helping to slow snow leopard killings. The organization Snow Leopard
Conservancy-India has established Himalayan Homestays, a program that sends visitors to the
region to herders’ houses.

For a clean room and bed, meals with the family, and an introduction

to their culture, visitors pay about ten U.S. dollars a night. Having guests once every two weeks
through the tourist season provides the herders with enough income to replace the animals lost
to snow leopards. In addition, Homestays helps herders build protective fences that keep out
snow leopards. The organization also conducts environmental classes at village schools and
trains Homestays members as nature guides, available for hire. In exchange, the herders agree
not to kill snow leopards.
In Mongolia, a project called Snow Leopard Enterprises (SLE) helps herder communities earn
extra money in exchange for their promise to protect the endangered cat. Women in Mongolian
herder communities make a variety of products—yarn for making clothes, decorative floor rugs,
and toys—using the wool from their herds. SLE buys these items from herding families and sells
them abroad. Herders must agree to protect the snow leopards and to encourage neighbors to
do the same.

The arrangement increases herders’ incomes by 10 to 15 percent and “elevates” the status of the

women. If no one in the community kills the protected animals over the course of a year, the
program members are rewarded with a 20 percent bonus in addition to the money they’ve already
made. An independent review in 2006 found no snow leopard killings in areas where SLE
operates. Today the organization continues to add more communities.

Projects like the Homestays program in India and SLE’s business in Mongolia are doing well,
though they cover only a small part of the snow leopard’s homeland, they make the leopards
more valuable to more people each year. If these programs continue to do well, the snow leopard
may just have a figting chance.
Question 1: Which of these is NOT true about the Himalayan Homestays program?
A. The organization helps herders to build fences.
B. Herders provide accommodation to guests.
C. Some herders work as nature guides.
D. Visitors pay $10 a week to stay at a herder’s house.
Question 2: The purpose of the projects mentioned is
A. to persuade herders to live on eco-tourism not raising animals
B. to elevate the status of the women

in the communities

C. to increase the population of snow leopards in wildlife reserves
D. to make local people have a sustainable life to protect snow leopards
Question 3: The phrase “this trend” in paragraph 4 refers to
A. the fall in the snow leopard population
B. the pressures caused by the black market
C. increasing conflict with the herders
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Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

D. the opinions of conservationists

Question 4: What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. Local herders are uncooperative in attempts to save snow leopards.

B. The snow leopard’s endangerment is due to in part to the black market.

C. Snow leopards are killed for their fur and body parts.
D. It is difficult to enforce the laws made to protect the snow leopard.
Question 5: The word “address’ in in paragraph 6 can be replaced by
A. solve
B. locate

C. discuss
D. Change
Question 6: Why is the Mongolian women's status in the community “elevated”?
A. They can encourage their neighbours.
B. They are saving money for the snow leopards.

C. They are earning money for the community.
D. They are living higher up in the mountain.
Question 7: According to conservationists, what is the best way to save the snow leopard?
A. Create a nature park where they can be free
B. Move herders away from where the snow leopard lives
C. Pass laws to punish people who kill snow leopards for their fur
D. Make people recognize the value of living snow leopards.
Question 8: The word “bodies” in paragraph 3 refers to
A. the big cats
B. snow leopards
C. local herders
D. the herders’ animals

Dap an
7. D

2.D

3.A

4.D

5.A

6.C

7.D

8.D

5. Đề số 5
Bai 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Although noise, commonly defined as unwanted sound, is a widely recognized form of pollution,
itis very difficult to measure because the discomfort experienced by different individuals is highly
subjective and, therefore, variable. Exposure to lower levels of noise may be slightly irritating,
whereas
exposure
to
higher
levels
may
actually
cause
hearing
loss.

Particularly
in congested urban areas, the noise produced as a byproduct of our advancing technology
causes physical and psychological harm, and detracts from the quality of life for those who are
exposed to it.
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Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

Unlike the eyes, which can be covered by the eyelids against strong light, the ear has no lid, and
is, therefore, always open and vulnerable; noise penetrates without protection. Noise causes
effects that the hearer cannot control and to which the body never becomes accustomed. Loud
noises instinctively signal danger to any organism with a hearing mechanism, including human
beings. In response, heartbeat and respiration accelerate, blood vessels constrict, the skin pales,

and muscles tense. In fact, there is a general increase in functioning brought about by the flow of
adrenaline released in response to fear, and some of these responses persist even longer than
the noise, occasionally as long as thirty minutes after the sound has ceased.
Because noise is unavoidable in a complex, industrial society, we are constantly responding in
the same way that we would respond to danger. Recently, researchers have concluded that noise
and our response may be much more than an annoyance. It may be a serious threat to physical
and psychological health and well-being, causing damage not only to the ear and brain but also
to the heart and stomach. We have long known that hearing loss is America's number one
nonfatal health problem, but now we are learning that some of us with heart disease and ulcers
may be victims of noise as well. Fetuses exposed to noise tend to be overactive, they cry easily,
and they are more sensitive to gastrointestinal problems after birth. In addition, the psychic effect
of noise is very important. Nervousness, irritability, tension, and anxiety increase affecting the
quality of rest during sleep, and the efficiency of activities during waking hours, as well as the
way that we interact with each other.
Question 1: Which of the following is the author's main point?

A. Hearing loss is America's number one nonfatal health problem.
B. Loud noises signal danger.
C. Noise may pose a serious threat to our physical and psychological health.
D. The ear is not like the eye.
Question 2: According to the passage, what is noise?
A. byproduct of technology.
B. Physical and psychological harm
CG. Congestion.
D. Unwanted sound.
Question 3: Why is noise difficult to measure?
A. All people do not respond to it in the same way
B. It causes hearing loss.

C. It is unwanted.
D. People become accustomed to it.
Question 4: The word ‘congested’ in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by _.
A. hazardous
B. crowded
C. polluted
D. rushed
Question 5: The word it in the first paragraph refers to __..
A. the quality of life
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Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

B. advancing technology
C. the noise
D. physical and psychological harm

Question 6: According to the passage, people respond to loud noises in the same way that they
respond to __.
A. annoyance
B. danger
C. damage
D. disease
Question 7: Look at the verb accelerate in paragraph 3. Which of the following is the closest in
meaning to
A. decrease
B. alter
C. increase
D. release
Question 8: The phrase ‘as well_as’ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to__.
A. after all
B. instead
C. also
D. regardless
Question 9: It can be inferred from the passage that the eye _.
A. responds to fear
B. enjoys greater protection than the ear
C. increases functions
D. is damaged by noise
Dap an

1.C

2.D

3.A

4.B

6.B

7.C

8.C

9.B

5.C

Bai 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
In the Native American Navajo nation which sprawls across four states in the American
west, the native language is dying. Most of its speakers are middle-age or elderly. Although
students take classes in Navajo, the schools are run in English. Street sign, supermarket
and even their own newspaper are all in English. Not surprisingly, linguists doubt that any
speakers of Navajo will remain in a hundred years' time.
Navajo is far from alone. Half the world's
generations - that's one language lost every
diversity shrunk at such a pace. Isolation
is peppered with languages spoken by only

southmany
goods
native

6,800 languages are likely to vanish within two
ten days. Never before has the planet's linguistic

breeds linguistic diversity as a result, the world
a few people. Only 250 languages have more than
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Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

a million speakers, and at least 3,000 have fewer than 2,500. It is not necessarily these small
languages that are about to disappear. Navajo is considered endangered despite having 150,000
speakers. What makes a language endangered is not that the number of speakers, but how old
they are. If it is sooken by children it is relatively safe. The critically endangered languages are
those that are only spoken by the elderly, according to Michael Krauss, director of the Alaska
Native Language Center, in Fairbanks.
Why do people reject the language of their parent? It begins with a crisis of confidence, when a
small community finds itself alongside a larger, wealthier society, says Nicholas Ostler of Britain's
Foundation for Endangered Languages, in Bath. “People lose faith in their culture” he says.
"When the next generation reaches their teens, they might not want to be induced into the old
tradition.” The change is not always voluntary. Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority
language by banning its use in public or discouraging its use in school, all to promote national
unity. The former US policy of running Indian reservation in English, for example, effectively put
languages such as Navajo on the danger list. But Salikoko Mufwene, who chairs the Linguistics
Department at the University of Chicago, argues that the deadliest weapon is not government
policy but economic globalisation. "Native Americans have not lost pride in their language, but
they have had to adapt to socio-economic pressures" he says. “They cannot refuse to speak
English if most commercial activity is in English."
However, a growing interest in cultural identity may prevent the direct predictions from coming
true. ‘The key to fostering diversity is for people to learn their ancestral tongue, as well as the
dominant language’ says Doug Whalen, founder and president of the Endangered Language
Fund in New Haven, Connecticut. “Most of these will live without a large degree of bilingualism”
he says.

Question 1: It is stated in the passage that the number of endangered languages is___.
A. about 3,200
B. about 6,800
C. at least 3,000
D. fewer than 2,500
Question 2: The word peppered in paragraph 2 is closestin meaning to _..
A. randomly separated
B. slowly attacked
C. sparsely distributed
D. unintentionally controlled
Question 3: According to the passage, endangered languages cannot be saved unless people
A. avoid speaking their dominant language
B. grow interest in cultural identities
CG. know more than one language
D. write in their mother tongue
Question 4: Who thinks that a change of language may mean a

loss of traditional culture?

A. Doug Whalen
B. Michael Krauss
C. Nicholas Ostler
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Vững vàng nền tảng, Khai sáng tương lai

D. Salikoko Mufwene
Question 5: The word these in paragraph 5 refers to _.....
A. ancestral tongue

B. dominant language

C. growing interest in cultural identity
D. the key to fostering diversity
Question 6: Navajo language is considered being endangered language because __.
A. it currently has too few speakers
B. it is spoken by too many elderly and middle-aged speakers

C. it was banned in publicity by the former US policy
D. many young people refuse to learn to speak it

Dap an:
1.A

2.C

3.C

4.D

5. A

6.A

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