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






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&
(70Y=ZI[4,
(2,\]39^A-74@=7+,;(_,`70,
(2,\]39^A-74@=7+,(aL,-bc,
&d7,K7IR)
&d79_Ye,
Z9fZ9
&703g+9493h=7i33j3
UTU
? KY3j3Ik3.7
G &lb@9(8,Ik3.7
m Z9I59(,-(7+,9n)
o p73aq,-=.;(6Y=7,-(7+,9n)
E r,-(sAg(@A(89=.3(t937u,Ik3.7
U>$$

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3:?G3N?QRS?T33OUVA7WDX?Y5?OPZY[DSA\]33FG
3Y23OP?^_?C?R`MaUMCb3?96c7W[d5=4<7833?@
78DX?Y5?OPMeA49L?AG=?LY?fA3FG33OUVADX?Y5?OP<=4<33R2gh
4ijL83eOO8LOk
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MG3bDCO67`33Y=QA9ArOG33?C?DCsR?78H[YMQA3FG
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3pdKuY?@b3?9;G87JRS?AS?d<?f?J;?<U3@;3I
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39?LGD3[v
 Cung cấp giải pháp trọn gói cho thiết kế SoC (System On Chip) bao gồm các bộ xử lý
32 bit dựa trên tập lệnh RISC cao cấp, các hệ thống bus tốc độ cao tiên tiến, tổ chức bộ nhớ
thông minh, các IPs (Interlectual Property) và các công cụ phát triển tốt nhất. Nhờ đó mà
các giải pháp thiết kế 32 bit do ARM cung cấp đem lại khả năng tích hợp hệ thống cao nhất
(hight speed and small die size).
 Đem đến chất lượng cao mà giá cả phải chăng thông qua một loạt các giải pháp
như: tối ưu chất lượng/dung lượng mã, công nghệ Thumb-2, … Hiện nay các thiết kế vi xử
lý dựa trên kiến trúc ARM đem lại công suất tiêu thụ thấp nhất, một đặc điểm rất quan trọng
đối vói các sản phẩm số hiện đại.
 ARM cung cấp các công cụ hỗ trợ phát triển cả cứng (Prime Cells) lẫn mềm (ví dụ OS
và Middle ware) tốt và rộng nhất cho các kiến trúc ARM 32 bit.

Kiến trúc ARM đem lại cho người dùng sự lựa chọn rộng rãi nhất về hỗ trợ phát triển
ứng dụng dựa trên hệ điều hành (OS) như: hỗ trợ Windows Mobile, Windows Embedded
CE, Symbian OS, Embedded Linux, FreeRTOS, ….
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 Với hơn 5 tỷ bộ xử lý đã được bán ra và được sử dụng thành công trong rất nhiều sản
phẩm cao cấp (Advanced high end products), các giải pháp về OS của ARM đã chiếm đươc
sự tin cậy của các nhà phát triển sản phẩm.
 Không bằng lòng với những gì đã và đang đạt đươc, ARM cam kết cộng tác chặt chẽ
với các công ty phát triển hệ điều hành nhằm đáp ứng yêu cầu càng cao của thị trường.
 Rút ngắn đáng kể thời gian từ lúc phát triển đến lúc sản phẩm được đưa ra thi
trường nhờ sự hỗ trợ rộng rãi và mạnh mẽ của các công cụ hỗ trợ tốt và tin cậy do ARM và
cộng đồng ARM đem lại. Chẳng hạn như việc cung cấp các IPs có khả năng sử dụng lại,
các platform mẫu, … cũng như công cụ phát triển phần mềm RV MDK (RealView
Microcontroller Development Kit), RVDS (RealView Development Suit), RealView ICE,
Trong đó nổi bật là hai công cụ phát triển chuyên nghiệp RVDS Pro (tích hợp tính năng
Profilers và RTSM -Real Time System Model) và RealView ICE do ARM cung cấp nhằm
đem lại tính ưu việt của các sản phẩm so với các đối thủ cạnh tranh như: độ tin cậy và bền
vững, tỷ giá chất lượng/giá thành cao, tương thích với phát triển tương lai, … Chính nhờ
các công nghệ và công cụ phát triển tin cậy, chất lượng cao như vậy mà ARM đã rất thành
công trong việc giúp việc biến các ý tưởng thành các sản phẩm được người tiêu dùng và thị
trường đánh giá rất cao. Sự tin cậy và chất lượng cao thể hiện rõ nhất ở lượng hàng tỷ chip
xử lý được bán ra và con số này không ngừng tăng lên.
 Các giải pháp thiết kế dựa trên kiến trúc ARM 32 bit mà ARM cung cấp đã đưa đến
các hệ EcoSystems.
 ARM cam kết đầu tư không ngừng vào R&D nhằm cung cấp và đáp ứng ngày càng tốt
hơn các yêu cầu của thị trường và nắm bắt được các xu thế tương lai. Điều đó được minh
chứng qua các thành công của ARM trong việc phát triển các công nghệ tiên tiến IPs, Neon,
Multi media, TrustZone, VFP, Thumb-2, Java Jazelle …
 Công nghệ bảo mật hàng đầu thế giới (Công nghệ TrustZone)
Hiện nay ARM cung cấp rất nhiều dòng xử lý (ARM7, ARM9, Cortex … ) nhằm đáp ứng

các giải pháp khác nhau: thiết bị gia dụng (TV, tủ lạnh, …), giải pháp về thiết bị di động
(điện thoại di động thông minh, gaming, camera,….), giải pháp nhúng (ô tô, máy bay, hệ
thống đo và điều khiển tự động công nghiệp …) … Chẳng hạn dòng ARM A-profile hướng
đến các ứng dụng đòi hỏi tính năng cao, dòng ARM R-profile hướng đến các hệ Real time,
còn dòng ARM M-profile hướng đến các ứng dụng nhúng.
ARM hiện nay là kiến trúc vi xử lý được hỗ trợ rộng rãi và tốt nhất thông qua ARM, các đối
tác và cộng đồng ARM (Microsfoft, Linux, Apple ….).
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d<<=3<?IAA<Z3FGN7833ZAuA:?L8N?98
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4<A2?†Y?L•3Y=QM2k;4<MP?[oMQMuYDQ78d5=33OUVA3a
MJ?h<=G=?[t3N33J:?L8N[[o349DIUJ
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- QA†YGO6??LQ3FGA=??G?p=NMn?LU†YGsGM89GM89@A
xxm4<GM89??LQ3FGA=?4Kd<A=AjAG€LGAed<A
38AY?eLkdKD8U3A=d<AƒA=3ND8U[t7‚G
M89?^xm4<GM89??LQ3FGA=dKOP3dgh4iD8U
3A=d<?I?[t38A2?[tOh7WtM95Yj8O?ŠLGk4<
GM89A<A\M7‚MuY3N3;?LYR•3A2?A=d<OPA=7‚38
A2?[t4qMC‹A=GM895YM[o376R8?^D33
?C?R`gY†YG?GMuYM[o3?IA8d<DC?PdKGY?<A9?98
?<AI?L[t?IAW3dW3838[t
- QA†YGdu3b3@gh4i?zd<z33?C?R`:3NH‡?D3RJ?
PdKd<A9?eLe?3b3@gh4iMGM[o3??LQA9z334~
d63[?[aA9MJ?h;f<MJ?h;3FMJ?h;?[dJMJ?h;
M<8?98?^gG;R8MJ?h>3b7W<=?[tOh7WA=MQR<;A9
Œ';•'89?M2?L8?CKU8ˆMPdK33J:?•3b3@gh4i
??8M[o3b7W3W?Q3833?C?R`d5?4ij?CK?5?k[A8R4e8e;
†YZ8?IA;33MMJ?h3Z?G=;?C?R`=?C;geI?I;?<Y?P3<;[a
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MuYDQ;<?IA;?C?R`G7W?IA>
- 3NdG?LˆMUA5A2?Z3IdJ33W?Q3FGJ?PA…3N?Q4<
A2?J?PZ3bd<3_3N?Q4<A2?J?PZAuAT3MQA3FG4<
89?M2cM`d<3N?@?6M283G8M[o3?C?DCMQ?63JA2?
3bG@3Y=qRJ?<8MN 3dK33A=?MG@;3Ž9[;A2?
3}?63JA2?G=A2?d<3b3@p?M`;?[tMD•AdKH=qY
3ZY3W?Qd<RG8AA2?OP?C?R`A=AN3d<Z3b3Y=q7WA<?GDI
?•A?p=?L8A2?A=?MG@N3Y1•J?P3}M[o3gf=7638A2?
OPJAdWp?M`q33<?C?DC3N?Q?P[YNGN‰AUA?QYD3
?[K3d<3OUgYp?3?[tM[o3OUgYp?<489?dKOP4[o4K

Lp?MG79;8:du3F489N3N?Q4<H?C?R`3ZA?G=•\
[MD~?Y5?OPd<A=3a93s;33?C?R`MJ?h7f7WjA=T?;?F
49;1k;33?C?R`MJ?h‘?IA’jMJ?897M2k;?C?R`?LY=u?I;
?C?R`=?C;gea;?5A33U?L8A2?A=?3fj3GL7AzL2k;8T3H
OUVA4K[M•G8?I;R2DQAO8??L8<A=8T3J?PDQAO8?
33A=@4[o9?f-‡?duM2b3?9;3N?QLp?MaUdKA2?d
MuYDQ8T3Lp?b3?9dKuYMad`;33?C?R`89dd<A94[KM[o3
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?5?O6Rz3:4<33?C?R`MG@;38‡Oh7WuYb7Wd<DC?
PMCuY?C?R`89d
- NLp?uYnOUgYp?R2dgh4i;Z3bd<ZAuA?L8?`?L[tJ
?P:d<bdKAƒ<OUgYp?493NuY7ˆOUVA;8:du
3F489d<?<v
• HR2dgh4id<Z3bD3GYvegGOO?LYAe?;“LeeO3G4e;';
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ŠARe77e7;ŠARe77e7•Yg;&OeD;=ARG>
• H  I  H  45  ?L•  D3  GYv  ••;  –—;  '7G;  'OOeAR4=;  ;
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G&z9(<{>
 MZY?q4<'8448Y7G3e8AY?eLj=?{˜M[t'8448kM[o3?
?LQRzGL4eO?GLD{LGeL?9ˆ?JA3FG?L[tM9\3M[o3
OUgYp?<489?MZY?q4<A=[K7˜38?q4hG†YfO6d<8@AxN4<
A=[K7˜'Y?8e?3O{•;M[o3gf=76Oh7WHRNR7˜d<A2?M~G
3bMQ7Y=?L•R2K Y?eAGM[o3M[Gd<8OUgYp?@Axx;{•MnM[o3
?G=?CdKA2?A=?AKOh7WA93?3o@?C?DC3F=CY3FGA=
?Y?eAG4<NM[GLG?Y5??83N?Q45?L•49OGYMNMQ4<A38?q4hG3

g3a;d<A=?3N?QDQA?LG?q4hG;UA?L\4[o3FG3MJd<MZYP
MJ
 ^Hb7WMZY?qd<8H@Ax;33MnUAd<??LQ
A9ArduDU@gh4i–2dgh4iMZY?q[KMC[t?qY7‚4<?e4ll;
M[o3?AW3dWA=?MJ?hd<HJ?P•D3Y=qNd˜
3Z333K8<d<Hƒ?LoD31<8H@A3YPx•;HR2gh4i
mR?MnM[o3OUgYp?;[•3Y3:d˜3ZMCH3KRq8<
 1<8HG?5qm;DX?Y5?A93?3oMnM9??L•M23G87˜MCuY?<
Z3N?QM[Gd<8A2?3gh4i3R2dgh4iM[o3\4<33dMuYDQd<M[o3
3p5L2Ln1K3U?p;33dMuYDQMn?LzqLp?p7˜MQgf=76
33J?P3Y=q7Wn3NA2?O6R‚cduOP4[o33?L8?p?3U33
4~d63?`?L[td<OP33<MZY?[OUgYp??e8[K<=17W;Lp?uY3gh
4iMT3RJ?gYp?JdKuYG87J45?L•a4<DQYO8O8?LY=u?PMQDC?
P33dgh4i1<83YPH@Am;33Mn?LzqcRC?L8ZYC?33
?C?R`MJ?hd<DY=[K<=d˜3ˆ?C?W338MCG=2?J?P:
MZY?qM[o3??LQRz?e4d<8@Ax•N34<A2?383dgh4ill
3833A=?3ZA?G=2?383PN3_MnM[o3Oh7W38?p?3U33A=
?3ZA?G=dKuY3F49D3GY;3:3}D3GYzZAuA?[ab
dKAƒ7ˆM[o39?Lq&<=G=;?Lq?CKgpg}xmy33489dgh4id
MuYDQM[o3Oh7W?L8A2?1<'4<<3Y3p<MZY33dgh4i
76G?LqDC?L:3sR?j3CA•|y?`?L[tk3833MNQAMT3RJ?4<
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'3}R3bDIR3;78MNdJ3?3o33dgh4isR?3FG'
d<8A2?3MQgf=76A2?8?Lzq7™7<a
 8MCG=;DJAM[o3uY[t3p5p?4<vJ?P?63J
A2?OP3b3@MT3RJ?3NOh7Wdgh4i I3N<83}3NZAuA
 QA†YG?L\3Z4[Yi4<O6D3RJ?HGA2?d<J?PA=?v
A2?34<A2?J?P3Y=q7WdKA2?3b3@3W?Q;?L8DMNJ
?PA=?4<A2?J?PMG7WdK3b3@3FGN?9A2??tMQA78
ZAuA†Y=C?M`

 L8A2?3N?Q3NuY3[a?L•ZAuA39=3‚4:3dKGY7[K
A2?JMuY<<8MN–zd•A2?3ˆ3N?Q4<A2?Z•3FGA2?J?P
4Ka;qN3N?Q‰A?LqA2?R8GL7A93dKA2?dgh4iLq3‚dKZ
AuAM[o34[Y?LH?L8&1•4<A2?J?P3Y=q7W;qZYC?33
UMbO6?G=Mcz33?JY]d<8jY?k?L8?tGSp?3N?Q;
?b34<UMUARU8?P3M289?M23FGN1•d5=;33MuY3N?P3M289?M2Lp?
3G84<M[o3gCd<8489?tG?63jLeG4?Aek1K33b7WMaU;N3}3Z
A2?3[a?L••jA<DI3ZJMuY<kMQMuYDQJ?P;?Y=q;A2?
JMuY<3<MT??LqMQ39=333[a?L•b7WOr:38J?P
?Lzq363Dš489?
m|93}a,-9^A(03(p,-,(w,->
 2?MT3?L[†YG?L\3FGMN34<‘?†Y=C?M`’T3?L[<=3N
~G4<?p?3U33?L9?Rq?L83FGJ?P;33?L`]d<84q†YGMC]
LGMuY3N?Q??8?L[K3M[o3jduAT?Y=q?S3kp?q‘?†Y=C?M`’DI
3}4<A2?MT3?L[Lq38A2?A<N3N?Q4<A2?J?PRp?DšY=d5=;A2?
MT3?D33_D†YG?L\d<AG‡?Lq3FGMN34<?tG?63
2?U3NDU@?63J3b3@3FGA•?L8A2?D8U?tGHY
9;?p?d<3N?QRC??L[K3
 2?RG8t3_M[o3‘RG8R\3’RzA2?J?PZ3bA<NMuY
DQd•d5=;MPdK[tOh7W3YP;\DI5LGO6J7J3FG
?L8A2??C?R`Z3b{8MN;Mf=3_4<O6D3RJ?HGA2?d<A2?
2?3_3NDU@?[a?3dK?CKRq8<;?Y=qG87J[tOh
7W3FGN49?[tDMaU
 •~d63Mˆ•O6DC?o3FGuY<49dKGY[vDX?Y5?Z
AuA;JMuY<;?C?DCZ3bj3k>1•d5=;A2?DXO[?C?DCU3N
DU@QYM[o3uY4~d63D3GY;?^?C?DCZ3b;gYP4G=8Y?LG3;
MC45?L•ZAuA;3<MT?JMuY<
o49I|9I7~Y>
?[t3NA2?OPMT3MQA3Y[OGYv
 3M[o3?C?DCMQ?63JA2?OPJAdW3Y=q7W3bDIU

MNdG?Lˆ4<33J?PA=?MG3b3@2?OPJ?PMˆ•L<RY23du
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?89?M2?tG?63MQMUARU8M2G?8<d<?b7W;A2?OPJ?P
DIMˆ•8T3L<RY233T?3r;38‡MaUNGJ?PZ3bMQ
UA?QY3OUgYp?
 2??[tDIU4<A2?DPLqRJ?A<4<A2?J?Pb3?9‰A
?L8?C?R`A<NMuYDQ
 ZAuAM[o3dC?3833J?P:M[o3\4<€LA„GLed<M[o34[Y?LH
?L8333R2K3}M\3jLeG784=AeA8L=k8T3R2K€4GO3bDIU4<
?L8A2?cM~GZAuA?[t39=dKOP?<Y=qZ3b93CvDI3N
R<A;A<•8T33N[dKD3?[K3•;R2K93C
l Đặc điểm giao diện>
 33N?QDI3NG87JjMPdKHJ?PMaJAk8T3
3NMZ=MFG87JG8?CdK[t7‚?[a?6[33JMuY<?L833
?C?R`MQR<PdK33J?PMaU;?C?R`:Oh7W:?RpA;M•
•Š{d<Q?`3H3›•8T33}Q?`OP;?[tMD•AdKA2?J?P
AeYMaUˆ?L8A2?J?Pb3?9a;A2?A<•M\G;3UAb
8T33N33:?RpAz4uA<•38‡?63J33?G8?3b3?9A<?P
?QYNGM[o3D8UDIG3ZOh7Wœ~G3FG33:?RpA3N?Q?G=
Mc?e8A<•d<3346G3\3?[t3NA2?A<•dKA2?:?
RpA793ZMQYDQj•8=O?3DRY??8k6??LQA9Ar3FGA9?8<3ZY
MnAGMC38H<?C?DCA2?46G3\AK4<Oh7WA2?G87J
„eR?I†YGdJ3DC?PA9uY<=3N?Q:?LM[o3338H
A<•b3?9[M?td˜3Y3pDU@Q?`d<54JYb3
?9D3ZMC;?I†YGA2?A=?D3uY<=4<C?Ob3HY7WMPdK
33?C?R`MuYDQ?^gG;3<MT?d~d™17W;33L8Y?eL4<33?C?R`Mnb
7W?J3<=
l Kiến trúc CPU:
 3R2gh4i?L83N?QM[o33G?<G489vdgh4id<dMuY
DQ3dMuYDQ?[t3N33?C?R`89dM[o3?3o?Lq3‰A

UAD3?[K33FGJ?PNLp?uY489DC?L:3"M[o3Oh7W?L8
?C?DC[';;847€LemD;8„eL;gm;;m|;'?Ae4'1;
eeOGOm;;1m|;“1;s;žm;žm>uY<=?L[o3dK33489
A=?MQR<;?[tR`93CdKA2?d<DC?L:3A=?p?M`3
3ND3?[K3•d<M[o3?C?DCMQ89?M2?L8AI?L[t3IJ
?[t46G3\ld<l••4<Au?UHJ?P<=?[tOh
7W{&;•Yg;e?–{8T333JMuY<:?tG?63[”-G=
1gŒ8LDOˆ333ND3?[K3Lp?4K?[tOh7WA2?3pY•?I
7W4<J?P83j=O?eA8G3)8k;A2?RUA93?3o38A2?
b7W3W?QjGG43G?8Oe3€3?eLG?e73L3Y?)'kGYMNf"
M[o3AYGd<?qAd<8[A2?Z3FG?C?DC32?3C4[o3?[a?64<Oh
7W“'j€e47L8LGAAGR4eG?eGLLG=kd<45?L•38NdKH?<Z
Y=q4i?C?DCRG8A3U"
ls Thiết bị ngoại vi:G8?CdKRq8<?I†YG33?C?R`89d
Trang 18
• eLG48AAY3G?8?eL€G3eOjkvs;l;lm|
• =3L88YOeLG48AAY3G?8?eL€G3ev;Ÿ';;d<Š
• "deLOG4eLG4–YOj"–k
• e?„8LDOv8?L844eL'LeGe?„8LD;•8Œ8LDO
• –2M`?tv••jOk;G?YLe8AGLed<AeL83eOO"?O
• {O3Le?e&veeLG4YL8OeY?&Y?Y?j&k
ll Công cụ phát triển:
 [a?6[33OUVAZAuAD3;ZAuA3_M[o3?
?LQtdJ3Oh7W33?L•Rq7`3j38A4eLOk;3[a?L•7`3oH
jGOOeAR4eLk8T3333I3W›LPj7eRYeLOkY=q;33<?C?DC3N
?QOh7WA2?OP3I3W3Y=q7W[v
• –2›LPA938T3333[a?L•AI•jeAY4G?8Lk
• J3MQ?qA33?L`3e3DOYA8T3d<83[a?L•;
:3N?QDQA?LG?o4J3FG3[a?L•MN
• PdK33J?Pgh4i?JYOP;[t??LQJ?P3N?Q

Oh7WZAuA„8LDRe3[G?G78T3G?eAG?3GMQAI
•33‡?8
• 3?L•Rq7`3d<?L•4qDC?j4DeLk3Y=q7WM[o3Oh7W
MQ?P[YNGA2??C?R`Z3b
• 2?3N?Q3NIH45?L•d<3I3W?C?DCLq3FGN
8T3Oh7Wd<3U?C?^A2?IHMn3NO 
- 33I3WZAuA3N?QM[o3?98LGRz333I?=ZAuA3Y=q
7Wdu8T33Y=QMc?^333I3W??LQZAuA"ID;33
3I3W??LQ7<383_M[o3Oh7WCYR2gh4i3FGMNZ
PdKR2gh4i3FGA2?A=?I7W
l| Độ tin cậy:
 3?[t‰A?L8333ƒA=M[o3Dšd\4<Or39=<@A?Lt
4q?W3A<DIR`4ƒ8T33N?QDIW3J?PDT4ƒ1•?C;33Z
AuAM[o3??LQd<DQA?hA2?333V?5a4<ZAuA38
8<LG;33?C?R`LtDIM?35=[cM~G;3I?S38T3:?RpA?[t
R`93COh7W1J3DIW3J?PDT4ƒ3N?QM[o3?63JR‰
33Oh7W33DX?Y5?[„G?378?AeL)CYZAuADIMuYMT5
M[o333?JY„G?378M`D•?•J?POrR`DzM249
 2?OPdpMu3W?QduM2?35=[v
• J?PDI?Q^MQOhG3HGA2?33G?8<;1{[z
33J?PDIG;J?P7f=37[KM=RQ;33M•JY7˜
Trang 19
M[t>UM[GLG4<3Y=QOGOh7W33J?P3876?LH
8T333ZAuA3Y3pA2?Z3b3@
• J?PUM[o339=4q?W3d•?G?8<;1{[33?C?R`
7˜M[tA=RG=;?C?R`DQAO8?M2G?8<?L833<A=NG
3p?;>UM[GLG4<46G3\RG3DYJ?P
• CYJ?P^89?M2Orf=?c?p?Lp?uY?u3FG;1{
[337`3dWRYIR?6M2;J?P3Y=Q?u;J?PDQA
O8??L833<A=>

E49g7i,3}w9;(R,YkY>
2?OP489DC?L:3ZAuA?I7W?L833[OGYv
| Vòng lặp kiểm soát đơn giản:
 e8?C?DC<=;ZAuAM[o3?c3b3?<A2?dˆ4TMaU1ˆ
4T\MC333[a?L•38;Aƒ3[a?L•38†YU4iA2?Z3FGJ
?PZ3b8T3ZAuA
| Hệ thống ngắt điều khiển:
 3?[tM[o3MQYDQR‰33S?N~G4<33?3dW3FG
M[o3D389?Rz33489O6DJD3GY1{vA2?S?3N?QM[o3
OLGRzA2?R2M`?tOGYA2?3YDšM[o3M`~G?L[K3;8T3RzO6
DJD3cP?C5M[o3A2?R=?e<8MN
 •89DC?L:3<=?[tM[o3Oh7W?L833J?P3NR2†YU4iO6
DJMaU;S\d<3ZM2?L™?pJ?P<=?[t?63JA2?
?3dWMaU?L8A2?dˆ4T3ID;33?3dWb3?9aOr
M[o3?qAd<8A2?3pY?L:3<Mo?L8R2†YU4iS?MQM[o3dˆ4Tgh
4iOGYMN•:3<=;J?PZPdKDQYfMGJAdK33?C?L•
LtL93
|s Đa nhiệm tương tác:
 2?J?PMGJADI[Y?q3_ZPdKDX?Y5?dˆ4T
DQAO8?MaU89?L^dJ3dˆ4T<=M[o3VpY?I†YGA2?G8
7J45?L•'3<45?L•M`~GA2?489?33JAdW;Aƒ
JAdW39=?L8A2?AI?L[tLq3FGN DI3Z?63J
JAdWMN?•N\MC33?C?L•38?9A}jR‰33\‘GYOe’;
‘„G?’;‘=e47’>k
 YMQAd<[o3MQA3FG489DC?L:3<=3_PdKDQAdˆ4T
DQAO8?MaUY=q;dJ3?qAA2?ZAuAAKM[o3?63J7™
7<aR‰3345?L•A2??3dWAK8T3?qAd<8<Mo?I7`3
j†YeYe?eLLe?eLk
|l Đa nhiệm ưu tiên:
Trang 20

 ¡489DC?L:3<=;J?P?[t3NA2?M89AnzAb3?p?63J
dJ33Y=QMcHG33?3dWD3GY?I†YGA2?R2M`?t89An
<=?[t‰AzAb3A<J?PM[o3384<3NA2?JMuY<d<d•?C
3_TU?p?3UHb3?9?L8dJ3†YU4iMGJA
 –p?Dš?3dW<83N?QF=7H4JY3FGA2??3dWD3MuY3ZU
M[o3?3RJ?A2?333g31J3?LY=35?K337H4JY3GO¢3N?Q
M[o3†YU4iR‰A2?OPDX?Y5?MR2NG[<Mo?IMJ
jAeOOGe†YeYeOk;OeAG8LeO>1•Hb3?9N?LqqA2?U
?[tM[o3M[GLGMN4<Oh7WA2?JMuY<?tG?63•:3MN;33
<45?L•3N?Q?5?LYd<8dJ3??LQ333b3@3FG?C?R`3b
DI3Z†YG?fAMC337`3dW3FGJMuY<HG
||Vi nhân (Microkernel) và nhân ngoại (Exokernel):
 JAdfjA3L8DeLe4k4<A2?R[K3?C35Za?KDJAJ
MuY<?tG?63•:3<=;fJMuY<?63JdJ33p?R2
Kd<3Y=Q"38334Y?63?ˆ33?C?L•[t7‚Oh
7W333b3@3[J?P€4e;G87JA94[K;>N3Y;
DC?L:3<=?[tM[o37W?L833J?PA<dJ33Y=QMcd<G8
?CHG33?3dW4<G
 ˆf89jeg8DeLe4k?C<G8?CJY†YUR‰33Oh7W33
4t\3[a?L•38?I?[tZ3bd<?8<R2ZAuA?L8J
?P4YIMbd<3N?QM[o3AzL2Rz33b7W
| Nhân khối (monolithic kernels):
 L8DC?L:3<=;A2?fMZ=MFdK33DU@b3?9M[o33Y=Q
McMQ‚odKAI?L[t:uY<=:33<45?L•3NM[o3
A2?AI?L[tPdKJMuY<?L833A=MQR<[•YgG=
3L8O8€?Œ78„Od<d•?CLp??Y54o38dJ3??LQY=q;N49
Mˆ•MDQ33?<Y=qZ3b4<A?@33FGJ?P2?OP
489fDP?I7W4<ŠARe77e7•Ygd<Œ78„OŠT37‚3
Z3b?@4q[489<=MG?@?L[zLp?A9;MT3RJ?4<
?L833?C?R`:A9[ŒLe4eOOL8Y?eL8T3J?PM`d`•i

783FGMuY<=4<v
• J?P<=3N3cMQDC?PMC333:?I7W
• J?P38‡Oh7W4933M89AnO 3NcRC[33?L•
MuYDQ?C?R`;ŒeReLdeLO;“Le„G44O;>
• 1J3??LQJ?P3N?QM[o3?C<dKA2??5uY489MT3?;
3b3@3ˆOGYMN4:3fPOUVA;J?P3N?QM[o33pY•
MQ489R•A2?OP3b3@DI3Z?C?uY<=:?C?DJAM[o3
Hd‚KA<333b3@MN3CAH
• J?P3N3CM2[t7‚MQ7™7<39=33b7Wd<›LPt
MN;†Y?L•??LQM[o3?63J7™7<ad<dJ345?L•3N?
4M2a
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• NuY?CY33=qY3ZY3T?3rdu??tG?633FGJ?P
†YU4iˆA2?J?P[ŠARe77e7•Yg3N?P3M2MFGMQ?LU4t
38uYb7W33b3@3ZMCO6UbG3_3N?Q
M[o3MT?d<8Z3b
C 03(p,-3(d7-7A,3(t9 >
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Z3FGJMuY<d<M[o39?Ž4qR2K;qA2?DeLe4?tG?63?[t
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 Y=q;DA2?3[a?L•3NDU@?63GLGA2?d<Z3NDU@?63
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3[a?L•d<W?Y23duAT?3b3@O8dK334YD3[493NDU@
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JAdu?3dWd<4Y3N?Q?G=?C38GY•7[KAI?UO6D3GYHG

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<8d<R‰33<8NDC?L:3cRC4<DC?L:3MuYDQdˆ4TdK844
d<AI•OSgC[Y?qL8DC?L:3MuYDQdˆ4TdK844;DeLe4Or?63
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A2?4Y3Z7`3dW;NOrM[o3gh4iNA2?d<RC?Q3FG[a<=;?Y=
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