Tài liệu ĐỀ CƯƠNG ĐỊA LÍ 12 NĂM 2013 pdf

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,-!#
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.,/0.)
90C +=)$3D$0$01EF2$32$3G
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!,12"
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"W0@01E,
5+19W:$":!%F+4X90<X90YG,
Z#:$"*(ON2$3!$3+4$!F$0;[:)\9;
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,-!#
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:),
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90Y
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U04Q!:$":%[:P?302$A
L!$*4$#W=0%0$&:U4(3(=2EU0'2$3!E
U0239,5OA&:U0W1
5,67-
8
!9:;! !"!<
5)$3$"-Q9W+$+2$$&b%+b$$0i,
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U04Zjjj $M:$"$@
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Câu hỏi
1. Hãy trình bày công cuộc Đổi mới là một cuộc cải cách toàn diện về kinh tế - xã hội. Một số định hướng chính để
đẩy mạnh công cuộc đổi mới
2. Trình bày bối cảnh và công cuộc hội nhập quốc tế và khu vực của nước ta
3. Nêu một số định hướng chính để đẩy mạnh công cuộc Đổi mới

=;+
,
n0Wk%+2B%?!+2J#='0:)2%0!,o$!57T
Z%0$%
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I]P+1pp,
Iq$+1pp,,
]$3%0/%$"$!-m+O%r^/%$"$!C$*22%5!$?6(#
]$3%0n0[0g$$A@
,>;+
,?@
J$3k+-$M!$+YY:0
Y
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Io$!TY:0Z%0$%#:0
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%b+-R+bb%$7=+5AE%Fq!jGj_%FtG
.,?.A
J$3k:$3:0Yu0Vnội thuỷ, lãnh hải, vùng tiếp giáp lãnh hải, vùng đặc quyền
kinh tế và thềm lục địa
]V?$*$!!7$%57C'L$-$$c%-%$&$%_$%Z%0$%
!,?
q:2$%?%V0.-KD:2$$4+1%
5,BC!D
,'2
]Ok+O%-k+Kqui định đặc điểm cơ bản của thiên nhiên nước ta mang tính chất nhiệt đới ẩm gió
mùa
]Ok+O%-k-KD4.E)gM$.E$:!E
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qb:9$Mthiên tai?K-w-m4!
.'()=EF=*+4"-!G
- Về kinh tế:
I5-Q$+*!$*giaothông đường bộ, đường biển, đường hàng không$!
."$$
I54+$M:$3)$3kE!mở cửa, hội nhập$!:."
$#k
I]V?$*1-$b!$*!kinh tế biểnFBE:!E$%
2(-OG,
- Về văn hoá – xã hội5-Q$%E?6Q!8OV!$*$
!-!$M!:)2%0r,
- Về chính trị và quốc phòng%bOk+x?$37%[W:)2%0r,
C$*2byP%7%[21&'()!$*:$"?3+
Câu hỏi

, 56?Ok40$-KD%
Y, zP%B%Ok+O%-k%{
, J)%!-!:$"@+K[%|-Q+u]$3%0]|+Q-Q+u]$3%0b6(4
#+$k&!$+A?$.$$+A?A?$*01EE2-01E+7=+,
Y
H=I<@JK!'"LM
,<N!A!"!DO
- Địa hình đồi núi chiếm phần lớn diện tích nhưng chủ yếu là đồi núi thấp
- Cấu trúc đia hình nước ta khá đa dạng, gồm 2 hướng chính
Ij5'? 2%0F:*.!(Kg$$.?$*G
Ij}F:*.!(Kg$$.?$*G
- Địa hình của vùng nhiệt đới ẩm gió mùa
- Địa hình chịu tác động mạnh mẽ của con người
,$!("2!O
,P"2!LM
O%6g$
?< .Q!1R:.Q!
?M< .Q! ?M1R:.Q!
o$$4]Vg$k%4E2ju
j$.5'C 2%0
j(Kg$!
Zb!--Sông gâm, Ngân sơn, Bắc sơn,
Đông triều,5N!(Kg$-!-w_2=
_2#_2-m%0,Zb!:$g$+!2$Wj
$%Z%?n
o$$4n0$8%E2juE2Z,
j$.5'? 2%0
j(Kg$5'? 2%0
Zb04kĐông là Dãy Hoàng liên sơn; Tây là
dãy Pu đen đinh, Pu sam sao: ở giữa là các sơn nguyên,

cao nguyên đá vôi Phông thổ, Tả phìn, Sín chảy, Sơn la,
Mộc châu
?17K.Q!17K
?M1SKQ! ?M1SK3
o$$45/_2Z$(Kg$C4cK
j$.'? +2%0
j!(Kg$'? +2%0
Các dãy núi song song, so le nhaut, cao ở hai đầu, thấp
ở giữa.Bắc-Vg$Q(3%giữa-V
+!2$s?6sOnam-Vg$k%5'
5/%$.j",Zb!04g$+'0%?$*(K
jE#(KC40K
o$$4/%0C40K+"P"

C
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Các khối núi cao nguyên theo hướng Đông bắc- Tây
namZ!%.++R?%(%L-%: :T :c#
2T'0]$.?M0x?n~+1%&"=
0,,Z!?!?6.&N+u$Wk%'4E)
?+$&@
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$?M0VE%DW+1%:0,O%6+u$(=$M-!?M0VE%D?O$% 
(!+1B%(},J$+u$(1W6%k%? 'u?nEju€6%+u
?nN?$*0$M5
.TP"2!L.U
V<L.U7 WL V<L.U7 X"%
IJ$3k15 nghìn:0
Y

ICu$m(VE%E2Hồng và sông Thái bình
Iu?nbhình tam giác %WWLk%'5'
? (=%?$*b01E:B}+u$
ICM0x?O$% $M2+u?nb+.?%
B.+bY-4$đất phù sa trong đêđất phù sa
ngoài đê
Iu?n-Q$!$*'lúa nước
IJ$3k40 nghìn:0
Y
IQ?u$+(E2Tiền và sông Hậu
Iu?nbhình thang+O%6:!?n~
(=/5'? &2%0=--KD
b+O%6Bu5!0A$5@$!T
&.
Iu?nb04-$E2}$nO,Đất có đất
phèn, đất mặn, đất phù sa,
Iu?n-Q$!$*'lúa nước
V<L.UY.A'1"
IJ$3k6:0
Y
IZB"(VE%?$*?u$+ ,$M!kVE%,j€$M%?O$% $M
+u?nR
IZ!+u?n-u?nE20KE2Z•+u?nE2ZE25Cu
IO%6$%-0(Kgiáp biển -u!+=0!; ở giữa B; bên trong +K?u$m
+u?n
I5-Q$!$*'2$3 :2-Q$u-g%

5,1);;!)'!D!$!("2!LML.U%$A()V*+
,P"2!LM
* Thế mạnh

 Z!mỏ nội sinh-Q$+*!$*!2$3
 Tài nguyên rừng$b-Q$!$*-'0$3
 CM0x%.?n~-Q$!$*!vùng chuyên canh cây công
nghiệp, cây ăn quả và chăn nuôi đại gia súc
 Z!(}E2btiềm năng thuỷ điện lớn
 ]$:k0!0‚-Q$!$*du lịch
* Hạn chế
 Địa hình bị chia cắt mạnh'W4$$%2
 Nhiều thiên tai-w7S&b$0}&4-W++1+-0%+!E#0VS4$p
.,P"2!L.U
- Thuận lợi:
IL!$*M nông nghiệp nhiệt đới+%(4!-4$2E+x?$3-4,
IZ!u-Q$$.$.:!khoáng sản, thuỷ sản và lâm sản,
IT#$b+$M:$3+*!!:2$3!'0#
04$p
I5-Q$!$*$%2+A?1+AB
- Hạn chế:$Mthiên tai?K-m4!
Câu hỏi
, O%6%b8+x+$*0#?{
Y, 56?Ok+x+$*0+O%6B%:)+u$g$
, 56?Ok+x+$*0B%u?n'Du?nN?$*
, ]$+O%6+u$g$$"0ƒ($3k-KD%b8-Q$:b:96{
, L'k"044"B%:)+u$g$+u?n+$$E)!$*:$"&K1$
Z1!"#[7R"7Q!!D.A
,P$4"$'A< 
C$*2-01V?$*1F$.m:0
Y
G-@%$5!$?6(#
T?$*#+$:k
n0V$3+$U0$b0V%,

,\[!DA< )3
qkAbC$*2.:k%0%k$(#+$M}%-Q0%$M+1U0
#+$B%:2:k.<X,
O%6!3E$!$VN?$*+%(4
5$.$.$.V?$*g:!E$E
5$.%$?KE4-W?A?$*!?%!
Câu hỏi
, 56?:!$7!MC$*2
Y, jK6?WB%C$*2+"$.$.%
]19F?
P"F?9
,1!@
- Biểu hiện:
I5D?@&4-!'?@&4(#7%90,
I$3+1?690.Y

Z,
I5DE$A /$A,
- Nguyên nhân
I%n0Vnội chí tuyến
I5DE$A -
.^_=9
- Biểu hiện
ITQ0%?690%,c%'?:2+M
I1U0:2:k%.<X'?nU0-2(#
- Nguyên nhân:
I%n0V1$k"
Io$!?$*2
IZb$b0V%


!,`F?
%n0V1$k".b$bk4+17%90@#%O
WB%!:$:k4+1N0V%
`F??  `F??;
- Biểu hiện
I5/tháng 11 đến tháng 4
I5D$/áp cao Xibia %
Ij@$bđông bắc
IL40$W/(KBạch mã trở ra bắc
Iq$*A$$"+xc$M? nửa đầu
mùa đông:-4:2•Nửa cuối mùa đông-4
U0b0%V
- Nguyên nhân
IZOWB%!:$:k4+1N
0V%
Iq$:2:k-4/!%„$?$%D$
%'-4$0V%b0%V
I%n0V1$k"O
WB%!:$:k4+1N0V%
IZOWB%(KC40K
- Biểu hiện:
I5/tháng 5 đến tháng 10
I5D$/Ấn độ dương%
Ij$bTây nam
IL40$cả nước
Iq$*A$$"+xĐầu mùa hạq$:k
U0/^+1(#D$'0%W%0
?15'.,JWB%(K5A
E#.W5?15'? :2,Cuối mùa hạ
:$:k/…1(#D$'%0%W

%0?15'.,o$b0V%5'%0V
(K1$m$3+$'0%
- Nguyên nhân:
IZOWB%!:$:k4+1N
0V%
Iq$:2:kbU0/^1(#D$
%
I%n0V1$k"O
WB%!:$:k4+1N0V%
IZO!+1B%(K1$m$3+$'0%

)R?("
c$M:kk%? cV%+2-40V%4bU0
c$M:kk%%0cV%0%0V%:2
5'.5?1bE)+$-M0V%0%0V%:2
,$!a2($!
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* Biểu hiện
„'0)04W0$M+u$g$
Cu$m%W+u?n4-E2juE2Z†-
* Nguyên nhân
%b:k$3+$U0$b0V%
O%6b+1(-
%04(>?Ob%
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* Biểu hiện
c4-$E2}$(+x@#%bYHE2b+1($.:0
_2}$$M$VE%
Z"+1N0V%
*Nguyên nhân

%b:k$3+$U0$b0V%-Q0%-
O%6$% 04
c%N0V%
ZB"-+u$g$
!b<@
* Biểu hiện
s!66++x-quá trình feralit
(>?OE!$!$b%
* Nguyên nhân
%b:k$3+$U0$b0V%
s!6‡N%-$($>%04
$3+1%+1U0-
&bS
* Biểu hiện
Rừng rậm nhiệt đới ẩm lá rộng thường xanh+xV:k$3+$U0
5=-$ nhiệt đới$"0"

Z7%$.?$*Hệ sinh thái rừng nhiệt đới ẩm gió mùa phát triển trên đất feralit
* Nguyên nhân
%b:k$3+$U0$b0V%bE)'b%
$3+1%+1U0-
5bc[!D9F?)%;7#*"@7-
* Anh hưởng đến sản xuất nông nghiệp
V1"_!$*M2$3-g%9m+%(4!'u2$!$*
0262v-'0:"Q
VPF(ETw-m4!:kA$$":2D+O
*Anh hưởng đến các hoạt động sản xuất khác và đời sống
- Thuận lợi!$*!-'0$3ˆEo5]5(-O+U044+1:%$
!&'()0V%:2,
- Khó khăn

Ij4+1$%2$(-O2$3:%$!OW)$"B%E)
'0V%:k"+1E2,
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IZ!$.%$0%?K-w-m4!
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Ic2$A$.$.(>?OE!$
Câu hỏi
, 5k$3+$U0B%:k%+Q?$*$3"‰{o$$k.'{
Y, jK6?4+1B%$b0V%W%F?$*$3.'G37B%b+$$E)'$%
0V%:!%$8%!:),]6E%%b:k$3+$U0$b0V%{
, jK.?$*$3B%$3+$U0$b0V%7%!=+O%6E2}$W%{5$.$.$3
+$U0$b0V%*$3W=+E$7%$.$."{.'B%?$*
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IHệ sinh thái rừng nhiệt đới ẩm lá rộng thường xanh
+ Các hệ sinh thái rừng nhiệt đới gió mùa: rừng thường xanh, rừng nữa rụng lá và rừng
thưa nhiệt đới khô
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đất feralit có mùn
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.
Khí hậu cV%+2-40V%4b0%$M ZO!+1B%+O%6b$b# L'0V%0%0V%:2
Sông ngòi J+xN5C
}
Zb+1(-N'
+2-B"
J+x
Sinh vật $3+$!$3+$ $3+$ $3+$&k+4
Câu hỏi

, .'B%E)'b%C %0,56?+x+$*0$.$.=-KDk%C =-KD
k%%0
Y, 56?$.$.'b%+2',.'B%E)'b%.
, .'$.$.'b%N+1%,56?$$4+x+$*0$.$.B%+%$

gSX&f.#%":
bSX&f.#%":7
b1":h
- Biểu hiệnJ$3k/9-Q/$0
- Nguyên nhân:
I•/)$./.E$$0
I•/u9
Iq%$!%Q-k
IL!/$"%
- Biện pháp bảo vệ tài nguyên rừng
I0?E)7-kB%ME†(m?3$./
I5$*:%$-?3!$*/$%7ME†(m+?3/2
('
I5)$3$"-Qu$3%/
.b<&;7i!
- Biểu hiện:%bk+%(4E$[%+%?OE$0,_=-$E$
b&$0b#3B
- Nguyên nhân
Iq%$!7!0@
IL!/
IŽ$>002$AE
- Các biện pháp bảo vệ đa dạng sinh học
I„'()0W13vườn quốc gia!khu bảo tồn thiên nhiên
IC%Sách đỏ Việt nam
Is$+O$3:%$!

Ij4"2$>002$A
bSX&f.#%":@
*Hiện trạng sử dụng tài nguyên đất
5D($3k)$.%&&;Y$3%FYG+b
Ib/-Y$3%$"0X
I2$3-$3%$"0#Y<X,
IC67'+2$3+=A$%aA$
I%E†(m-$3%$"0HXF5+b++u$g$$3%G
ID+.(V-H$3%$"0X
*Nguyên nhân
L!/
Z%!%Q-k
Ž$>002$A+
* Các biện pháp bảo vệ đất
j4"&b$0}+WV+u$g$
C3!$*/
O%+O'('0$Mg$
Zb:"40W1($3k+2$3
5'0%E†(m$37$.+
Cb'$4kQ
Z2$>0+
Z$4+%
5bSX&f.#%":($!
5$.E†(m$37$":$30+0?'?n}2$>0@#
5$.:!E7-kx|$3:%$!:!E,5!-Kk'2$>0
5$.(-O?u24!$.(-O?37%:2?O2$>0!$*(-OE$
!$
q%$!E†(mQ-k?M8!u$.:!:k$.?$*
Câu hỏi
, 56??$*$3.'?$3!?3$./B%%{

Y, 56??$*$3.'?$3!?3+%(4E$[{
, j$34.'?$3!?3$.+{
, 56??$3!?3$.:!{
<
e#% G!-
b#% 
,67-!D:)".$G!-
,+%
* Hoạt động của bão ở Việt nam
5A$$%4+1/!H:"g!Y
cV%?K0(=/C %0
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5?60•$90b/+"#?K+b#)$"+D?1%
* Hậu quả của bão
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- Biện pháp

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- Hậu quả
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Câu hỏi
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5,S2R &R!( '"
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Câu hỏi
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, C$"+Q01EkE!('EW%
lmI,^c<x3`lmy^l6
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,K!@"%
,12!;
- Cơ cấu lao động theo các ngành kinh tế cơ cấu này có sự thay đổi nhưng còn chậm
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- Cơ cấu lao động theo thành phần kinh tế có sự thay đổi nhưng còn chậm
o$%$+4YYlao động trong khu vực ngoài Nhà nước$"0<<Xb&
$0lao động trong khu vực nhà nước$"0Xb&9lao động trong khu
vực có vốn đầu tư nước ngoài$"0HXb&9
- Cơ cấu lao động theo thành thị và nông thôn có sự thay đổi nhưng còn chậm

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V3E7"@%&!!%
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$3+*-00E)*?$"%+D$#-%+1

.,3":R
%+%$%$+42$3b%$3+4$b%
5!+1B%1!04:%[23
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%g+=$
%+%+2Ob%
%+%(4b%=:$"
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2$3$M&k$37(%%E†(m$3+*
5,@'!#4":)
b@'!
cx(V0•$90%+K4%:$3$3-00$64$3-0•}%
 ,
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J'E+2u-%+1(u$(
u-%+1(u$(4%=$3-0-,":2$$7"(•+"$3
$"$3-0
!bW#4":)
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5)$3kE!('EE@:‚E$E,
%(4b%!4+1E&,
59AQ!+=$0W1E&„q,
%(4!-4$6+4'%-Qu-%+1,

U04&:U-%+1
Câu hỏi
, 1O.:N;;!)!D"L%!
, 1O.:*":!K!@"%,3":R!D*"
5, W+:&{!JO;)"!@[!!G:Q,3":R!DO
;,W+:O.:-4"&R7-V%!
g, O.:#4":)!!D!
lmZ<|1W}W~c
,< F
,<N!A
Vz"$O< %$!&A!!;=O F@
V1•&R:!E90Y$"0YHX•}E$!:
),
V< !!F4": ( =R ( '"u!$!?
.,3":R F
%+%$%$+42$3b%$3+4$b%(•+"('O9
J')!+2O
L'?(':2+M
o$%9('E%-W22-0;-3('O904
_)!$*2$3(Omg-%+1MO
=$3-0B%A$('
Z#EW4=!$*%W+2O
Y,Sự phân bố mạng lưới đô thị ở nước ta
Z!+2O-W+u?nN?$*,
_-Q702+2ObE):!%$8%!V
5,\[!D %$)$A()v*+
2O!W040|+"7!6chuyến dịch cơ cấu kinh tế++O%#,
2ObW-+"!$*:$"v&K1$,90Y:)+2O+bbXoJL
<XoJL2$3<XoJL(Om<X'E!,
2O-OAbE@0%-+2-%+1b6+1.02b#EW:d$3+4$,

5g+=-4+1-)!$*:$",
54$M$3-0A$-%+1,
5!+1$.)2$>002$A)&K1$$3-0W
Câu hỏi
, 2Ob%%b+x+$*06,.'+x+$*0.
Y, 56?E)'?04-$+2O%
, ŠWB%+2Ob%+"!$*:$"&K1$

lmW€1^r•3`‚xSq3`
c@EB%'('%+Q$$3$.bE)'b%$8%!V
 c@EB%A$('+%+Q$$3,90-Y6+uaA$a!90YY-H
6+uaA$a!90Y-<6+uaA$a!
 c@EbE)'b%$8%!V,90Y%-2%0?1F<6
+uaA$a!G-C ?1F6+uaA$a!G.-3YH-=
Câu hỏi
JJ!7-!DR&R:!_!!#=":!F72R%$u!$!?,
lm],W‚ƒo3/}W„€‚Pm3W1…
bBC
Z*(O#:$"byP%$"-Q+$$9W:$"2$3b%$3+4$b%
+
Zb=07%[!0m$.!$*:$",
54$M+M+U04&:U$$7"$3-0&b%+b$$0ip
L!!u-)
ob=)$32E)$32$3b%$3+4$b%+
b":A&!!K!@"
†12!;
Giảm tỷ trong khu vực I, tăng tỷ trọng khu vực II, khu vực III chiếm tỷ trọng cao nhưng chưa ổn
định,90Y-=-Q!:)\\\\\\bˆ[-YX•X•<X,
Xu hướng chuyển dịch là tích cực, nhưng vẫn còn chậm, chưa đáp ứng yêu cầu giai đoạn mới.
Có sự chuyển dịch trong nội bộ ngành

+ Khu vực I:$0ˆ[2$39ˆ[ˆE,52
$3ˆ[u[$092$9,
+ Khu vực II2$3"?$"bˆ[92$3:%$!bˆ[$0,
%(4b%!EU0+!@.=OA-!EU0%b
-QbE@4%,
+ Khu vực III9%!-P)-$.7%+":"4=!$*+2O!
(Om0$,
†3":R
%+%$%$+42$3b%$3+4$b%
ZkE!B%
%(4b%!:$"
5!+1B%1!04:%[:P23
5":A&!!K!@"a()
†12!;
5=:$"$0ˆ[•$8%$}B+4
5=:$"$9;[
5:$"b+=$9%;[
†3":R
%+%(4b%!=:$"
%+%2$3b%$3+4$b%
ZkE!M+=$
g":A&!!K!@"+()
†12!
2$36!V.%'-#))U0'2$3
Z2$36!:2$3:"&b702-,
Z+K6V:$"[+$*0
I]V:$"[+$*0k%C 
I]V:$"[+$*00$M5
I]V:$"[+$*0k%%0
†3":R

$M:$3)$.$.$.$.B%!V:!%
$M:$3:$"&K1$!V:!%
ZkE!bE)+=B%$
Câu hỏi
Y
, 56?yP%B%*(O#:$"+$$E)!$*:$"%
Y, L'k*(O#oJL*(O#1$?1•.',
, L'kZ*(O#N=:$".',
, L'kZ*(O#-KD:$".',
lm,<n<mo63‡33|3`3`Wmy>3rs1c
<N!A' 
a. Thuận lợi và khó khăn của nền nông nghiệp nhiệt đới
- Thuận lợi: $M:$3)$.$.$.$.S%!$*01M2
$3$3+$:
qk$3+$U0$b0V%bE)'!•3S
• %(4!!EU02$3,
• r(m!?$3!'0%9m*(O#0V%m,
O%6+uS!(m!3%!:!%$8%!V,
- Khó khăn5$.%$E'?3(O?3k??.B%M2$3$3+$
b. Nước ta đang khai thác ngày càng có hiệu quả đặc điểm của nền nông nghiệp nhiệt đới.
Z!+'+Q'?VQ#$!VE$!$
Z#0V%m$b$M%+D$,
5k0V%m+Q:%$!#A4+1$%2$2$3"?$"
U04&:U!EU0B%M2$3$3+$
c. Phát triển nền nông nghiệp hiện đại sản xuất hàng hóa góp phần nâng cao hiệu quả của nông nghiệp
nhiệt đới :
M2$3%$3%u4$EEM2$3DMM2$3b%,
x+$*0kB%M2$3DMM2$3b%
3' !":'dN!A=R T 3' 7#*"@FdN!A=
R T

V<N!A
V>R
V<N!A
V>R
BC!D!$A' 7#
*"@F
ˆ"!":A&!% 
5u[$0;[XFG’XFYG,5+b'-#)$0'2$39
Z92$9;[XFG’YXFYG
JOm2$3%D+O;[Y<XFG’<XFYT
Câu hỏi
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lm,€3<‡>W‰11Šmo33|3`3`Wmy>
,3Li
Z#$!OE&u[Z$"0=X$!OE-Q2$3+%bE)*
(ONk)
• Z'-#)
• Z'%+
• Z'2$3
• Z'97
• Z':!
S#*"@K2!
- Tình hình phát triển

IJ$3ku-g%Y$3%FYG,
I9E-g%+4a%a90
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IC67'-#)+=A$:aA$a90,
I]&:U4+="$$,

IJ$3kE-Q%0-#)9%,
- Phân bố:C_ZTC_j
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- Cây công nghiệp lâu năm:
+ Tình hình phát triển
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• b%$}7%[#E&'2$3
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+ Phân bố
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• Zi5(0$Mg$k%C 5'.
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• $MC
• J/%C_ZT
- Cây công nghiệp hàng năm
+ Tình hình phát triển($3k$3%$0;[
+ Phân bố
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• %C_j
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- Tình hình phát triển
ITQY$3FYG

Io$%=0Y$3FYG,
Phân bốC_jC_ZT
b/ Chăn nuôi gia súc ăn cỏ
- Tình hình phát triển
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I?}$3
- Phân bố
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Câu hỏi
, 56?Z#$!OE&u[+%bE)*(ONk)
Y, 56?66!$*'?-#)F-g%G
, 566!$*'?01E'2$3-'90'2$390B",
, 56?66!$*'?92$-Q$%=092$$%Eg9R
lmg,€3<‡>W‰11Šmo31W‹ƒS\3l^p63`Wmy>
,3D:7#
a. Những điều kiện thuận lợi và khó khăn để phát triển thủy sản,

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Zb4 ngư trường lớnHải Phòng- Quảng Ninh, quần đảo Hoàng Sa-Trường Sa, Ninh Thuận-
Bình Thuận-Bà Rịa-VũngTàu, Cà Mau-Kiên Giang.
Nguồn lợi hải sản rất phong phú,
J[?A?$*bnhiều vũng, vịnh, đầm phá, rừng ngập mặn, E2E$:.4b:9
2$u$E
b$MkE!:":k!$*
'('b:$$302$u+!? ,
Z!#$3+!? +Q%?O#•
Z!(OmˆE2$3"?$"w!$*04,
5OA$.m+Q0W1$,

†PF(E
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5M#$3+!? }0+D$0$9E-%+1}
j3!}%+!@.=
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b Sự phát triển và phân bố ngành thủy sản.
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#$3_T?67'+4Y:aA$a90-018&:U%+="$$,
2$uBE9#$!O
†P$!D:7#
_-Q:%$!-$.m9+4Y$3FYG+b!?$*H$3
,
5!;$!?$*+M+U04+!? $E-!;(.$5C
%0C1,
L'?Kiên Giang, Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu, Bình Định, Bình Thuận, Cà Mau.
†3" LD:7#
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 M2$20!$*04WĐBSCL
 M2$![w!$*WC_ZTC_j
!Phương hướng phát triển ngành thủy sản
 U04!$*2$uBE
 U04+!? &%?A
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,3R
a. Ngành lâm nghiệp ở nước ta có vai trò quan trọng về mặt kinh tế và sinh thái.
q$"
I54uE+2?('1kA$

IC3!uB+$3B-Q$
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IC3%'('WVg$(V+u?n
_$!$
IZ&b$0}+
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I0?'?nE$!$'?n,
b. Sự phát triển và phân bố lâm nghiệp
566!$*
 5u/bY$3%/uB"-/-0.-$3$/
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 q%$!"?$"•-'0E:%$!90:Y$30

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N$3'@%,
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--0!$CK$CnFLg5[GT$.Q$5'c%$Fu%$G,
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L'?5'.C ?15JcCC

Câu hỏi
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EB%%
Y, 56?+Q%$}66!$*'?-'0$301E+M-!$*-'0
$3
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5,3u:%!J!+ [!
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• 59A.02b%E&!$*V.%702-
• %(4b%2$3+%(4b%:$"22
q$"%4$b?!$*0$g+UE&2-'0$3ˆENE&
!,
Câu hỏi
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2$35(0$Mg$C C1u?nE2juC 5C1J.$%05C15'
.2%0C1u?nE2Z†T,
Y, 56?&%+D$D@-KD2$3

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- Cơ cấu ngành công nghiệp nước ta tương đối đa dạng với khá đầy đủ các ngành quan trọng
I51b0k2$3:%$!•2$3"?$"•2$3E&'$
+$3:k+•
IZ#2$3+%bE)*(O
• Z2$3:%$!pppppppppF(•@?$*+u%E:G
• Z2$3"?$.ppppppppp
• Z2$3E&'$+$3:k+pppppp,,
- Nguyên nhân:
I$M:$3"$$
IZkE!!$*2$3B%]$3%0
IZbE)+=B%$
I%+%2$3b%$3+4$b%

I5!+1B%OA
K!@"3Y%+
bW%;! "!D:)"[7-("2!
ĐBSH & vùng phụ cậnb0@+12$3N-KD%,5/j1$
NH$!m0.02!
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Y, !Z=C o$%'![]T„J,
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, jC6_#T%ˆ+$3,
H, %0O$C65%j!(3&$09+$3
- Nam Bộj6($2$3$!55Z[+$*0,jZcC$.j]w55B
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Vùng núiZ2$30!$*'?'!A$4B"-+$*02$3
H
.bS2R()4"#$!!D'":)"-
• ]Ok+O%-y
• 5$.$.$.
• u-%+1b%MOA$.m
• q"4=!$*
• ZkE!!$*Z
• 5g+=$,
Khu vực TD-MN}4"-($"+u?1!'.-o5]5:S0!$*,
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- Cơ cấu công nghiệp theo thành phần kinh tế đã có những thay đổi sâu sắc
• q)$0;[$8%$}B+4
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• q)b+=$9;

- Nguyên nhân:%+%(4b%=:$"2$3bE)+=B%$
Câu hỏi
, Z@0$#2$3N+%(4+%bE)*(O,.'
Y, 56?E)'b%-KD2$3,5.!:)2$3{.'E)'b%
, Z#2$3N=:$"%+D$E'E •.'
lmH,‰3`l3W|3`3`Wmy>1Š•3`<mo6
b E_
b ($!":"
*Công nghiệp khai thác than
- Tình hình phát triển
I5%%%&kWs$$8-Q#ˆ$"0#X8-Q
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I5%+Q:%$@($6@-1$.=0-},90YE-Q%+4#
$3$.m$
- Phân bốs$
*Công nghiệp khai thác dầu khí:
-Tình hình phát triển
I5W!?*=0k$M0-m+O%?*=0kE,ju5C1Z†T
%0Z2_#5DZcKT%$$8-Q$ˆ(=90ˆ0

:k,
I90<H? +=:%$!+"90YE-Q(=+4<$3,
I90Y+%[%+10!-[(=Js
Iqk+}+Q+%mm!2$3+$3-)E&'?b
LgcdZc%,
- Phân bố:
IZ!0R(=+%:%$!ppppppppp,,
IZ!0R:k+%:%$!ppppppppppp
?a 2!
*Tình hình phát triển

_-Q+$39%+4Hˆ:–FYG?%u0$3+$3B+$3,5+b$3
+$3XE-Q+O.
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5B+$35$M09-:$3qeW3E2juFXGE2
u%$FXG,
$3+$3
I$.-$3(u$(%(=:k9-Q0xA$E@$bp
IZ!0!$3+$3k%? B"()%%Ws$!0!$3+$3
W0$M50$M%0B"()%(=:k,
* Phân bố:
Z!0!B+$3+K&'()ppppp,
Z!0!B+$.+%&'()pppp
Z!0!$3+$3ppppp,,

Ya !).)K2!=2!9
a/ Công nghiệp chế biến sản phẩm trồng trọt:
Z2$3&%&!!$*04E-Q42&%&!+4$3FY
Z2$3+A0k%E-Q+A:k+4$3FYG'?WC_ZTC
Jjc5p
Z2$3"?$"%‡Ni-!!$*04"?$"iB"W5JcCC5'._T
+4Y,•"?$"%‡NB"W5'.CC5C_T+4<,%‡N'•
Z2$3Q?$%$$:!!$*%,j90E&HYY$3-kQˆ-k?$%
W,jZcjjL
b/ Công nghiệp chế biến sản phẩm chăn nuôi:
Z%!$*04(#EW.-$3}4",
Z!#EW"?$"E8%!EU0/E8%W01E+2O-,_-QE8%+x?6
90+4$31,
5OEU0/Oj1$,juZkc$,
c/ Công nghiệp chế biến thuỷ, hải sản:
M-00 0D$$"WZ!j$FjLGL%5$"FC65GLgsFq$.o$%G,_-Q

90+4Y$3-k,
Z"?$"20!01EEU0:!9W%+!@=$!$*
WC_ZT
Câu hỏi
, 566!$*'?Z2$3:%$!.$.-$3F%(=:kG
Y, 566!$*'?Z2$3+$3-)
, 566!$*'?2$3"?$"EU0u[2$3"?$"EU09
2$2$uBE
lmZ,1ŒW•^Ž3W1WŒ|3`3`Wmy>
bP$
5D@-KD2$3-E)E &"$Q$8%!7!6#EWE&2$3.01
-KD+O+*E†(mQ-yu-)Etb+*+4$37:$"%
b$!OJ!!D:"!J!+! 
T<A! 
*Đặc điểm
o -$M$+$*0('
ZbOk-Q$
C%u0xY&k$3n0=u:!Ex.-$32E
Z!&k$3:2b0$-$.3$%
* Phân bố5'C 5'.
.TP"! =("!)*"@=("! !%
* Đặc điểm
q@bOk-Q$b%$$R%:2b('W
5#+$$M!&k$32$3b:9Q!E&U%
_&mm$.(&:U
Zb!&k$3?•Qmm
j6890
q2$3(kB7"+O-
90Yb:+bb:+$4+1
*Phân bốCC_jJjc5

!T1"R! 
* Đặc điểm:
on-$M$+2O/%-bOk-Q$
C%u0$M+$*02$3:2$3b0$7%3x‚$%
Zb!&k$3u?•Qmm
*Phân bố
Z!'02$3byP%7$%ppppp
Z!'0byP%Vppppp
Z!'0byP%+O%#ppp
&T?! 
* Đặc điểm
]V-KD1-
C%u0$M+$*02$3:2$3'02$3b0$-$.3
E&bS#+u7!66!$*
Zb01$2$3B"4..02b%E&
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* Phân bốN7$4B%?12$3F90YGbHV2$3
]V!;15JcC C1/s$,
]VY!;1C_js$5%jb%3^j5P,
]V!;/sC6+"$5,
]V!;15'./T'0u,
]V!;11%0C1T'0uC65,
]VH!;1C_ZT,
Câu hỏi
, 1O.:($!J!+! 
, 1O.:N!AR A! =("! "="R! 
?! 
lm‘,€3<‡>W‰11Šmo3`mc1W|3`’31\ml1W|3`1m3^m“3^”
,`11

<.
*Sự phát triển
+Q0W1$3+4$b%,
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E:)-Q+A}$M4",
*Các tuyến đường chính:
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:$"B%,AjZcbyP%g+UE)!$*q5„jk%'+,
Z!"+A?1&.r+Q:"$3+A?1!:),
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“Z!"+Ak
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C %0,
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!<7 
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Z!#$3$.E2:!+%(4k$3+4$b%,Zb90
E2$9-)?(•:$3a90
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j3E,juE,5!$C6
j3E,cN:E,u%$
j3E2W0$M5,
&<.A
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I5jZct($pppp,,:0

Itv]$($pppp,:0
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Y<( 
566!$*
L!$*%b$3+4$b%,
ZbE'?%+bbE'?%7"5'_#F,jZcG1$C$FjG
VZ!+=0$B"j1$jZct
,11^^

,"!N!A.!
 bkmm%
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 O!$*N#$$b%)+1b%$[b%,
.,0 N!A.!
 5+1!$*%Q?A+b+=):%[:P
 Zg[+=230$+%(Om,
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 c4-$$>2+%(4:2/!$*
Câu hỏi
, 56?$%2$!$*:!($3M-Q$$M-4$6
Y, x+$*0D$?B%?k$>2%
lm5]€3<‡>W‰11Šmo31Wr„3`6”m=/‚^}W
,1K;
,3K
*Tình hình phát triển:
 _%:$++"%+K6OA+!@=
9B%'(',
 1$#bE)%0$%B%$M=:$"bE)%+D$

 5D0@?!-|(%(Om9
* Cơ cấu theo thành phần kinh tế:
 q)$0;[FZ@0$G
 q)$9;[
 q)b+=$9;[
.,3%;K
*Tình hình:
 _%:$+D$0$OA0W1
 j4+1„qb$M*?$"•3,Y-=+=$.!'„q$"$'+$•
/$"mE$.,
 5OA0%?!0W1N+%(4b%+%#b%,
 Y]k@W$.@B%e5f4%$M#1$!@
 o$!O:U9$!O&:U9
* Cơ cấu hàng Xuất nhập khẩu:
 Z!0x„qZx:!EZ€$*BZ2-'0
ˆE,
 Z!0xq-$3E&$.(V.-$3p
,/"!
b1":&"!
*Tài nguyên du lịch tự nhiên
 ]M+O%6b$M7%+€+u$g$+u?n?A?$*$+,O%6Z%&#
$#Y%+1$M D$$"Oj4TL%q|Cp
 _)+%(4B%:k-Q$!$*(-O-'b%N+1%,5
$.w?OW$.%$E)'0V%B%:k,
 $MVE2W!+$*0%07%(-O3E,Z†T!u
)$.FC%C*G'4FjC6J=5$"G,$%}bu:!$.
$.bE@g%+$$(:!,
 5$._]b$M$!O%b#A7$%,
*Tài nguyên du lịch nhân văn
 Z!($k9b%-OE†b$!O+=,ZbY,H($k+Q&"

4!($k+Q2-($E9b%"$$Z+2j"LDj1$^J$
kcd_#•($E$*K4+6j"q2$%9b%Zu
$.5'.,
 Z!->1$($>%: byP%7$%-->1$+MjV:S($-->1$
ZV%j#p
 j-4-MM!EU0+xE :!b:9mm0m+k
(-O,
.,1OO$A&"!!$!"R&"!!D:)"
Y
* Tình hình phát triển:
 L!$*04/+=:ˆF5qYG+"%AbkE!+D$0$
 q!1$+O%9:!7"9(%/(-O9
* Sự phân bố
 %$%-0V(-OV(-OC C1C5C5C%0C1,
 5WY%0$!9W(-OjjLs,jZc%5%T4,
 Z!'0(-OyP%7$%,,,,,,,,,,,,,
 Z!'0(-ObyP%V,,,,,,,,
Câu hỏi
, L'k66!$*E)%+D$#N=:$"B%1$#
Y, L'k66!$*#&:UB%4$#
lm5€3<‡PWcm1W‰1W…6”3W•1Š‚3`/‚V6m‡33–m—x
bP$4"$!"
 J$3k,,,,,,,,,,,$"0,,,,,,,,,,,E$
 J'E,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,$"0,,,,,,,,,,,,E$
 C%u0;,,,,,
 ]V$!,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,-Q$$%-!$*:$"!$*M
:$"0WbyP%7}
b1k;˜($!=!).)(%$7#D:
bP$!=!).)(%$7#
* Tiềm năngo$:!E?%gu0$M-4$,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

* Thực trạng
- Than:Vs$%J#5!$._-Q:%$!.
$3a90,5%$.(V&:U,5%(V0!-3:$0
$3+$3—2Ck—2Ck0W1%J#ZU0Lp
- SắtW˜.C!$
q|06WC q4
- Dồng-vàngWTZ%$
- Bô-xitWZ%Cn,
-Thiếc Tĩnh TúcE&a90(V+*$.(V™&:U,
- ApatidTZ%$:%$!H,a90(V+*E&'?b,
- Đồng-nikenW_#T%,
- Cơ cấu công nghiệp đa ngành
IL!$*2$3:%$:!F_-Q:%$!%+!$3a90G
IL!$*2$3-3:$0b%E&-$3&'()F0•$90
E&$"G
.b1"•
* Tiềm năng589-%.E2ju$"0XF$3qeG$.
E2H$3qe
†Thực trạng :
K&'()0!ˆ+$3Hòa BìnhFceGThác BàFceG
%&'()ˆ+$3Sơn LaFY,ceGTuyên QuangFYceG
5g+U2$3:%$!"?$":!E
L!$*B+$3=gyE)%+D$02$A
5b1L!).)!R:! =!R:&_!"="4"#!™ 
a. Tiềm năng
feralít trên đá phiến, đá vôi và đá mẹ khác; đất phù sa cổ, đất phù sa
Khí hậu nhiệt đới ẩm gió mùa có mùa đông lạnhOWE'E B%V+u$g$.b
:k-4!$*!'Zbu$3™2+$
'('b:$$30u"?$"i
b.Hiện trạng:

Zi'-Vui-%<6%u$MWLg[5!$.˜.
?!$j$%_#-%
Z.6%u$!!;
Z'(Q-$3Z%?nT4E#Vg$j-$.E#
Z'97Z%?nT4E#Vg$j-$.E#
•%2+$4$%7%90u%&:UW_%%
L!$*M2$3b%+N0-4$$37%™b!(m4"4(%(,
c. Biện pháp:
Y
L!$*ZZCo5]5
O%+O'('
L!$*B-Q$
j6!V.%7$02-
gbE" 7M!
a.Tiềm năng:
$M+uR.!%.H0
$M$2$
A$('b:$$3092$+4$$%Eg-'?}
T#)+Q+0?
=&:U-
b.Thực trạng
C},$"0HX+?}FYGWc1Z'_#T%,
5'$3$"0aY+'2$1: FYG
TQ#<$3$"0YX+-QFYG
c.Biện pháp :
59A(Omg$2$,
L!$*#EW4=#EW"?$"
Z$4+uR+*'%9E
ebP).A
a. Tiềm năng: ]V?$*s$$$M09!$*DQ:$"?$*,,,,,,,,,,,,

b. Thực trạng
L!$*042$u™+!? ˆEFAs$j$L},G
J-O?$*+!$*04FOj4TG
o5]5?$*&'()'E'Z!$-'
Câu hỏi
, L'kyP%B%Ok+O%-k+$$E)!$*:$"&K1$B%V
Y, 56?$M09)4:%$!"?$":!E
, 56?$M09)4B+$3
, L'k$M09)4?$3!u"?$"'2$3'(Q-$3%7
$32+$
, L'k$M09)4?$3!!$*Z92$$%Eg
H, L'k$M09)4!$*:$"?$*
lm55€3<‡W‚ƒo3/}W„€‚Pm3W1…1Wš3`l3W<›3`œ3`S|3`W›3`
,P$4"$!"
 J$3k,,,,,,,,,,,$"0,,,,,,,,,,,E$
 J'E,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,$"0,,,,,,,,,,,,E$
 C%u0;,,,,,
 ]V$!,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,-Q$$%-!$*:$"!$*M
:$"0WbyP%7}
,$!);=;!)!D?!D:)"!D?
1);
• ]Ok+O%-kn0V:$"[+$*0-Q$$%-!$*:$",
• $M:$3)$.$.$.$.+?$*,,,F(•@G
• q$"&K1$u-%+1(u$(OA$.m-#EW4=#EW
:P#+$,,,
.W;!)
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c/ Vấn đề cần giải quyết:
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a/ Nguyên nhân
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Câu hỏi
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%,
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o Z!"+A%7-1<,
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†BC
o 5g+U:$"&K1$V!$*
o T=$!V:$":!
o L!!u-)B%V
Câu hỏi
, Tk(6#:$"2-'0WV{
Y, 5$M09)4:%$!"04M-'0$3{
, 5$M09)4!$*2$3{
, 5$M09)4!$*$3{
, L!$*!2$3[+$*0!'02$3.02!•)4
&'()#EW4="-$%2${
lm5H€3<‡>W‰11Šmo3Pm3W1…ˆŽWxm•/‚ƒ“3W\m3c61Š‚3`x
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Y
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• C%u0<;,,,,,
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yP%7}
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†1'E

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$MwO+=0!-Q$2$uˆE
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†12!;
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q!Eb(=:kWk%+2+Lg7k
?$*b+10x%-Q$E&0$
†12!;
q%$!(=:kWk%+27=+Lgsy

_&0$D$$"WZ!_%j‘p
5b>$A! !K7[;a
b>$A! 
5'02$3t%5%s#L%5$"#:k"?$"2-'0ˆ
E
C+=g+=$6!:2$3:"&,
j6V:$"[+$*00$M5-q:$"0WZT%$q:$"J
s#j1$b=g+U2$3B%V!$*,
.b>$A% #
†12!;
s-1+AE C %0+%+Q'
Z!"+A%+AYHp
Z!E'?%w+Q$3+4$b%,,,,,,,,,,,,
Z!?$*+K+Q'&'(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
†BC
o 5g+U:$"&K1$V!$*
o T=$!V:$":!
o L!!u-)B%V
Câu hỏi
, M!$M09)4{
Y, J-O?$*$M09)4{
, JOm$$M09)4{
Y