Tiếng anh chuyên ngànhthuyết minh về động cơ trên ô tô

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CÔNG NGHỆ GIAO THƠNG VẬN TẢI
KHOA CƠ KHÍ
*****

TIẾNG ANH CHUN NGÀNH
Topic: CAR ENGINE
Instructor: TƠ VÂN HỊA
Student: PHẠM ĐÌNH HUY
Class: 70DCOT23

Ha Noi, 6th November 2021


I.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD............................................................................................................2

II.

MAIN CONTENT....................................................................................................3
1.

2.

Concept, history of formation and classification...................................................3
1.1.

Concept...........................................................................................................3

1.2.

History of formation.......................................................................................3

1.3.

Classification..................................................................................................3

Internal combustion engine...................................................................................4
2.1.

Structure.........................................................................................................4

2.2.

Working principle...........................................................................................5

3.

Limitation..............................................................................................................7

4.

Application............................................................................................................7

III.

CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................8

IV.

REFERENCES.......................................................................................................8

I.

FOREWORD
Science and technology are developing more and more, machines using more and
more modern technology. To design a complete machine, the engine is an
indispensable part.
Engines in general and internal combustion engines in particular play an extremely
important role in human life and production activities. Especially the development
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of the transportation industry and the machinery manufacturing industry. A car
cannot function without an engine, understanding its importance, I have chosen the
topic of car engine to make today's presentation.
With the help and dedicated teaching of Ms. TO VAN HOA, I and the whole class
completed the assigned topic. Since this is my first time writing an essay in
English, mistakes are inevitable. I look forward to receiving comments from
teachers so that I can have the most complete thesis.
Sincerely thank
Student made
Phạm Đình Huy

II.

MAIN CONTENT
1. Concept, history of formation and classification
1.1. Concept

- What is a Car Engine?
+ The engine is the heart of your car. It is a complex machine designed to convert
energy into mechanical energy. Specifically, an internal combustion engine is a heat
engine in that it converts energy from the heat of burning gasoline into mechanical
work, or torque. That torque is applied to the wheels to make the car move.
1.2. History of formation
- The idea of the engine was formed in 1506, from the drawings of the famous
painter Leonardo da Vinci.In 1807, Francois Isaac De Rivaz, a Swede, invented an
internal combustion engine that used a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gas as
fuel. In 1823, Samual Brown introduced an improved engine from the engine
steam engine. It was not until 1860 that the history of the automobile engine
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industry officially began when the first car powered by an internal combustion
engine was patented.
1.3. Classification
- Internal combustion engine
+ gasoline engine

+ diesel engine

-

Electric motor

2. Internal combustion engine
2.1. Structure
- Internal combustion engine is a type of heat engine, in the process of burning fuel,
the engine will generate heat and produce mechanical work. Types of internal

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combustion engines will use the flow to generate work right in the working
chamber (cylinder) of the engine.
In order to withstand a heavy workload, the engine has to be built robustly. It
consists of two basic parts: the lower, heavier part is the engine block, a housing
for the most important moving parts of the engine; and the removable top cover is
-

the cylinder head.
Structure

2.2. Working principle
- How Does An Engine Work?
+ You already know starting a car is as easy as turning a key, but have you ever
wondered what really goes on under the hood?

When your body needs fuel, feed it with food. When your car needs fuel, “feed” it
gasoline. Just as your body converts food into energy, a car engine converts gasoline
into motion. Some newer cars, called hybrids, also use electricity from batteries to
power a vehicle.

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The process of converting gasoline into motion is called “internal combustion”.
Internal combustion engines use small, controlled explosions to create the power
needed to move your car wherever it needs to go.
Two types of internal combustion engines are currently manufactured: the spark

ignition gasoline engine and the compression ignition diesel engine. Most of them are
four-stroke cycle engines, which means it takes four piston strokes to complete a
cycle.
The cycle comprises four different processes: intake, compression,
combustion, and power stroke, as well as exhaust.Spark ignition
gasoline and compression ignition diesel engines differ in the way
they deliver and ignite fuel.
-

Working principle

1. Intake Stroke
During the intake stroke, the piston moves downward as the intake
valve opens to let in a flow of gasoline and air. As soon as the piston
reaches the base of the cylinder, the valves close and seal the gasoline-air
mixture. (It’s worth noting that on some modern vehicles, gasoline is
injected later during the compression stroke.)

2. Compression Stroke
At this point the piston moves back up to compress the gas and air towards
the top of the cylinder. Squeezing this mixture into a tighter space prepares it to be
ignited on the combustion stroke.

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3. Combustion Stroke
The combustion stroke, also known as the power stroke, creates the
power of your engine and gets the car moving. This is where the spark
plug ignites to ignite the gas. The resulting heat and the expanding gas

push the piston back into the cylinder.

4. Exhaust Stroke
When the piston reaches the bottom of the cylinder, the exhaust valve
opens to allow the piston to pump the used gases out of the engine. From there, the
gases enter the exhaust system and leave the vehicle. Eventually, the exhaust valve
closes and the four-stroke cycle repeats.
3. Limitation
Every coin has two faces. So, the internal combustion engine has both merits and
demerits. Some of the limitations of the internal combustion engine are mentioned below:





4.
-

Only fine quality gaseous and liquid fuel can be used as fuel.
Most of the fuel used in these engines are very costly.
In comparison with an external combustion engine, the emission is generally high.
It cannot be used for large scale power generation.
Due to the detonation of fuel, a lot of noise is generated
Application
Applications Of Internal Combustion Engines

Internal combustion engines are the most broadly applied and widely used powergenerating devices currently in existence. Examples include gasoline engines, diesel
engines, gas-turbine engines, and rocket-propulsion systems.
-

IC engine has many applications like

+ Gasoline Engines: Automotive, Marine, Aircraft
+ Gas Engines: Industrial Power
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+ Diesel Engines: Automotive, Railways, Power, Marine
+ Gas Turbines: Power, Aircraft, Industrial, Marine
-

There are many car manufacturers in the world that are using internal combustion
engines for their cars such as BMW, MERCEDES, AUDI,TOYOTA, KIA,.... and
in Vietnam have also produced VINFAST models
using internal combustion engine, the car is very
popular and competes with the world's leading car
manufacturers.

III.
-

CONCLUSION
Today, automobile engines in general or internal combustion engines in cars in
particular are an indispensable part of cars. They provide the necessary strength
and mobility. They allow the car to function as a whole car, without which we
cannot operate or move. However, there will still be many limitations from using
this type of engine that future engineers like us are the ones who have to learn,
explore and improve them. Specialized English is the first foreign language subject
in the field we are studying, so knowing this subject area will help a lot in the

IV.

future.
REFERENCES
1. ENGLISH FOR AUTOMOBIE ENGINEERING- MS. TO VAN HOA

1. What topic did you choose for your assignment?
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I think in the future about 20 to 30 years from now, the internal combustion engine will
be completely replaced by an electric motor because the emissions from it are too large.
The world needs something greener and cleaner. I made a presentation on the internal
combustion engine also for the purpose of letting people who are using this engine know
about its origin and how it works.

2. What part did you find most interesting/ useful?
Each part has its own charm, but to talk about the part I like most is learning about the
working principle of the engine.

3. What is the most difficult part?
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4. What did you learn from the topic?

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