1
copyright c mas s e ngale
2
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
3
!
!
"#$%
"#$%
&#
&#
'
'
(%
(%
)
)
##
##
*#+
*#+
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
4
!
!
,
,
./0
./0
#
#
$
$
0***
0***
1#
1#
(
(
2
2
34
34
5
5
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
5
&
&
6
6
7$
7$
2)
2)
#
#
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
6
+
+
38
38
%
%
38
38
#+
#+
2$$
2$$
9':"
9':"
;#
;#
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
7
$+
$+
+
+
$
$
1+
1+
$
$
#++
#++
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
8
+2
+2
+
+
<<
<<
'+
'+
<<9
<<9
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
9
;#&=#
;#&=#
>
>
$
$
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
10c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
11
'
'
38
38
"
"
$
$
$9
$9
'$
'$
7+?
7+?
+
+
#
#
?
?
+
+
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
12
$+
$+
+
+
$
$
<<00
<<00
;+
;+
+
+
##$
##$
+
+
<<0
<<0
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
13
+9;+4
+9;+4
+@
+@
A
A
A+
A+
"#0
"#0
;$@
;$@
+
+
;+
;+
B'B'
B'B'
CBDE
CBDE
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
14
+
+
1$)+#
1$)+#
+
+
$$
$$
<<
<<
?
?
#F
#F
1)+#
1)+#
+
+
$$9
$$9
FFF
FFF
<<?
<<?
+
+
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
15
B$
B$
'$2
'$2
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
16
6;;
6;;
B7$
B7$
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
17
E+0
E+0
;#$#$
;#$#$
G
G
2
2
$
$
;#
;#
;#
;#
#
#
2
2
+
+
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
18
#4;
#4;
;$
;$
;#+
;#+
$
$
D+
D+
4#
4#
;$
;$
)
)
&)
&)
#$
#$
2)
2)
#
#
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
19
6B7$
6B7$
#
#
#
#
1#
1#
$
$
2
2
1#
1#
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
20
1,
1,
#
#
#
#
+
+
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
21
B;;
B;;
&
&
#
#
E%
E%
&2
&2
C
C
C
C
F
F
+
+
;&
;&
&$
&$
&
&
%
%
s
s
)
)
;2
;2
F
F
C
C
&22
&22
+
+
E
E
4
4
"7
"7
"
"
$
$
;1
;1
&
&
4
4
;#
;#
;
;
p
p
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
22c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
23copyright c mas s e ng ale
24
6B7$#
6B7$#
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale
25
Did the observed ratio match
Did the observed ratio match
the theoretical ratio?
the theoretical ratio?
7
7
##%
##%
/#@%
/#@%
6<H.@
6<H.@
+#
+#
$
$
$+
$+
#7$
#7$
c o pyright cmas s e ng ale