Ảnh hưởng của vacxin nhược độc tam giá đến hiệu quả phòng bệnh cầu trùng trên gà thịt tại phù ninh phú thọ

751*I H&+ễ1*91*
.+2$1é1*- /ặ0 1*

%ễ,7+ 7+ễ<75$1*

1++NG C$9$&&,1(1+&&7$0*,ẩN
HIU QU 3+ẹ1*%NH C875ễ1*75ầ1*ơ7+T
T,3+ễ1,1+ 3+ềTH

.+ẽ$/8N TӔT NGHIӊ3ĈҤI HӐC
1JjQK: 7K~Y

3K~7Kӑ, 2020


751*I H&+ễ1*91*
.+2$1é1*- /ặ0- 1*

-----------------------

%ễ,7+ 7+ễ<75$1*

1++NG C$9$&&,1(1+&&7$0*,ẩ
N HIU QU 3+ẹ1*%NH C875ễ1*75ầ1
*ơ7+T TҤ,3+Ơ1,1+± 3+Ị7+Ӑ

.+Ï$/8ҰN TӔT NGHIӊ3ĈҤI HӐC
1JjQK 7K~<

1*ѬӠ,+ѬӞNG DҮN: THS. ĈӚ THӎ 3+ѬѪ1*7+ҦO

3K~7Kӑ, 2020


i
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cam kӃWQJKLrQFӭXQj\OjGRW{LWKӵc hiӋQÿҧm bҧo trung thӵFNK{QJYLSKҥm
\rXFҫu vӅ ÿҥRÿӭc trong hӑc thuұt.
7iFJL̫


ii
/Ӡ,&Ҧ0Ѫ1
7URQJVX͙WTXiWUuQKWK͹FKL͏QFK˱˯QJWUuQKWK͹FW̵SQJRjLQ͟O͹FFͯD
E̫QWKkQHPOX{QQK̵Qÿ˱ͫFV͹JL~SÿͩTXêEiXV͹FK͑E̫RW̵QWuQKFͯDFiFFi
QKkQFNJQJQK˱W̵SWK͋WURQJTU˱ͥQJĈ̩LK͕F+QJ9˱˯QJ
(P[LQEj\W͗OzQJEL͇W˯QVkXV̷FWͣLWRjQWK͋FiWK̯\F{JLiRWURQJWU˱ͥQJ
Ĉ̩LK͕F+QJ9˱˯QJÿmWUX\͉Qÿ̩WFKRHPQKͷQJNL͇QWKͱFTXêEiXYjE͝tFK
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thͥLJLDQWK͹FW̵S
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PRQJÿ˱ͫFV͹TXDQWkPJL~SÿͩFͯDFiFWK̯\F{ÿ͋HPÿ˱ͫFWU˱ͧQJWKjQKK˯Q
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6LQKYLrQ
%Ô,7+ӎ7+Ô<75$1*


iii
MӨC LӨC
LӠI CAM KӂT ...................................................................................................... i
LӠI CҦ0Ѫ1 ....................................................................................................... ii
DANH MӨC BNG ............................................................................................ vi
DANH MC BI8 9ơ+ẻ1+NH .......................................................... vii
DANH MC CH VIӂT TҲT....................................................................... viii
&+ѬѪ1*0Ӣ ĈҪU ........................................................................................ 1
7tQKFҩp thiӃt cӫDÿӅ WjL .................................................................................... 1
2. Mөc WLrXFӫDÿӅ WjL ............................................................................................ 2
éQJKƭDNKRDKӑFYjêQJKƭDWKӵc tiӉn cӫDÿӅ WjL ............................................. 2
&+ѬѪ1*7ӘNG QUAN VҨ1Ĉӄ 1*+,Ç1&ӬU....................................... 3
&ѫVӣ khoa hӑc cӫDÿӅ WjL .............................................................................. 3
2.1.1. Lӏch sӱ bӋnh ................................................................................................ 3
&ăQEӋnh ...................................................................................................... 4
4XiWUuQKSKiWVLQKFҫXWUQJ ...................................................................... 7
9zQJÿӡi cӫa cҫXWUQJJk\EӋQKFKRJj .................................................... 9
2.1.5. Dӏch tӉ hӑc bӋnh cҫXWUQJJj ................................................................... 11
2.1.6. BӋQKOêOkPVjQJ ....................................................................................... 12
2.1.7. 3KѭѫQJSKiSFKҭQÿRiQEӋnh cҫXWUQJJj .............................................. 18
3KzQJWUӏ bӋnh cҫXWUQJJj ...................................................................... 18
ĈһFÿLӇm cӫa thuӕFÿLӅu trӏ cҫXWUQJWUrQJjWKӏt ....................................... 21
2.2.1 Mӝt sӕ loҥi thuӕFÿLӅu trӏ cҫXWUQJWUrQJjWKӏt hiӋn nay .......................... 21

2.2.2. Sӱ dөng thuӕFÿLӅu trӏ cҫXWUQJÿӇ SKzQJFҫXWUQJ ............................... 23
2.2.3. YӃu tӕ ҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃn hiӋu quҧ sӱ dөng thuӕFÿLӅu trӏ cҫXWUQJÿӇ SKzQJ
bӋnh ..................................................................................................................... 23
9DFFLQHQKѭӧFÿӝFSKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJWDPJLiӣ Jj .............................. 23
2.3.1. Giӟi thiӋu chung vӅ vaccine ...................................................................... 23
9DFFLQHQKѭӧFÿӝFSKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJWDPJLiӣ Jj ........................... 25
*jWKӏW0LQK'ѭ ........................................................................................... 26


iv
'zQJJj0'%Ĉ ..................................................................................... 26
'zQJJj0'%Ĉ ..................................................................................... 27
'zQJJj0'%Ĉ ..................................................................................... 27
7uQKKuQKQJKLrQFӭXWURQJYjQJRjLQѭӟc .................................................. 28
7uQKKuQKQJKLrQFӭXWURQJQѭӟc .............................................................. 28
7uQKKuQKQJKLrQFӭXWUrQWKӃ giӟi ............................................................ 32
&+ѬѪ1*ĈӔ,7ѬӦNG, NӜ,'81*3+ѬѪ1*3+È31*+,Ç1&ӬU .. 34
ĈӕLWѭӧQJYjSKҥPYLQJKLrQFӭu ................................................................ 34
ĈӕLWѭӧQJQJKLrQFӭu................................................................................ 34
3.1.2. PhҥPYLQJKLrQFӭu .................................................................................. 34
3.2. NӝLGXQJQJKLrQFӭu .................................................................................... 34
3KѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQFӭXYjFKӍ WLrXWKHRG}L .............................................. 34
ĈLӅu tra lӏch sӱ cӫa tӍ lӋ mҳFYjELӋQSKiSSKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJJjWKӏt tҥi
mӝt sӕ trҥi ӣ 3K1LQKJLDLÿRҥn 2016-2019 ...................................................... 34
3.3.2. HiӋu quҧ SKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJJjWKӏt bҵQJYDFFLQH6FRFYDFWDPJLi . 35
3KѭѫQJSKiS[ӱ OêVӕ liӋu............................................................................ 40
&+ѬѪ1*.ӂT QUҦ 1*+,Ç1&ӬU ........................................................... 41
4.1. ĈLӅu tra lӏch sӱ cӫa tӍ lӋ mҳFYjELӋQSKiSSKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJJjWKӏt tҥi
mӝt sӕ trҥi ӣ 3K1LQKJLDLÿRҥn 2016-2019 ...................................................... 41
4.1.1. Lӏch sӱ mҳc bӋnh cҫXWUQJJjWKӏt tӯ ÿӃn 2019 .............................. 41

4.1.2. Lӏch sӱ JjWKӏt chӃWYuEӋnh cҫXWUQJWӯ ÿӃn 2019 .......................... 42
4.1.3. Lӏch sӱ FiFELӋQSKiSSKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJJjWKӏt tӯ ÿӃn 2019 ... 43
4.2. HiӋu quҧ SKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJJjWKӏt bҵQJYDFFLQH6FRFYDFWDPJLi .... 44
4.2.1. Tӹ lӋ JjWKӏt nhiӉPQRmQQDQJFҫXWUQJWKHRWKӡLJLDQSKzQJEӋnh........ 44
&ѭӡQJÿӝ nhiӉPQRmQQDQJFҫXWUQJWKHRWKӡi gian ............................... 47
4.2.3. BiӇu hiӋn triӋu chӭQJOkPVjQJFӫDJjQKLӉPQRmQQDQJFҫXWUQJVDXNKL
SKzQJEӋnh .......................................................................................................... 49
4.2.4. HiӋu quҧ ÿLӅu trӏ bӋnh cҫXWUQJJjWKӏt .................................................... 50
4.2.5. Tӹ lӋ biӇu hiӋn cӫDFiFEӋQKWtFKÿLӇQKuQKӣ JjFKӃt do cҫXWUQJ ......... 52


v
&KLSKtWKXӕFSKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJ ......................................................... 53
&+ѬѪ1*.ӂT LUҰ19¬Ĉӄ NGHӎ .......................................................... 55
5.1. KӃt luұn ........................................................................................................ 55
5.2. KiӃn nghӏ ...................................................................................................... 55
7¬,/,ӊU THAM KHҦO ................................................................................... 56


vi
'$1+0Ө&%Ҧ1*
BҧQJĈһFÿLӇPKuQKWKiLNtFKWKѭӟFFiFORjLFҫXWUQJJj .......................... 5
Bҧng 2.2 Nhu cҫXQѭӟc uӕng cӫDFiFORҥLJjӣ lӭa tuәLNKiFQKDX ................... 28
Bҧng 3.1. Bӕ WUtWKtQJKLӋm ................................................................................. 35
Bҧng 4.1. Tӹ lӋ JjWKӏt mҳc bӋnh cҫXWUQJWӯ ÿӃn 2019 ӣ mӝt sӕ trҥi ...... 41
Bҧng 4.2. Tӹ lӋ JjFKӃWYuEӋnh cҫXWUQJWӯ ÿӃn 2019 ӣ mӝt sӕ trҥi ........ 42
BҧQJ7uQKKuQKWKӵc hiӋQFiFSKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJWUrQJjWKӏt ӣ mӝt sӕ trҥi
tҥL3K1LQKWӯ ÿӃn 2019............................................................................ 44
Bҧng 4.4. Tӹ lӋ JjWKӏt mҳFQRmQQDQJFҫXWUQJWKHRWKӡLJLDQSKzQJEӋnh .... 45
Bҧng 4.5. Tӹ lӋ JjPҳc cҫXWUQJӣ FiFFѭӡQJÿӝ nhiӉPNKiFQKDXVDXNKLWKӵc

hiӋQSKzQJEӋnh (%) ........................................................................................... 47
Bҧng 4.6. Tӹ lӋ JjFyELӇu hiӋn triӋu chӭQJOkPVjQJ ........................................ 49
bӋnh cҫXWUQJÿLӇQKuQK
.............................................................................. 49
Bҧng 4.7. HiӋu quҧ ÿLӅu trӏ cҫXWUQJӣ JjWKӏt ................................................... 51
Bҧng 4.8. Sӵ biӇu hiӋn bӋQKWtFKEӋnh cҫXWUQJÿһFWUѭQJӣ JjFKӃt................ 52
BҧQJ&KLSKtWKXӕFFKRSKzQJYjÿLӅu trӏ bӋnh cҫXWUQJWUrQJjWKӏt ........ 53


vii
'$1+0&%,89ơ+ẻ1+1+
BiX 4.1. T l mc bQKYjFKt JjWKt ti mt sӕ trҥi ӣ 3K1LQK .......... 43
BiӇXÿӗ 4.2. Tӹ lӋ JjWKӏt mҳFQRmQQDQJFҫXWUQJWKHRWKӡLJLDQSKzQJEӋnh 46
BiӇXÿӗ 6RViQKWӹ lӋ JjPҳc cҫXWUQJӣ FiFPӭFÿӝ NKiFQKDXVDXNKLWKӵc
hiӋQSKzQJEӋnh .................................................................................................. 48
BiӇXÿӗ 4.4 Tӹ lӋ JjELӇu hiӋn triӋu chӭQJOkPVjQJ cӫa bӋnh cҫXWUQJ ......... 50
VDXNKLSKzQJEӋnh.............................................................................................. 50
+uQK9zQJÿӡi cӫa cҫXWUQJJj(LPHULDVSS ................................................ 9


viii
DANH MӨC CHӲ VIӂT TҲT
cs.

Cӝng sӵ

E.acervulina

Eimeria acervulina

E.coli

Escherichia coli

E.maxima

Eimeria maxima

E.mitis

Eimeria mitis

E.necastrix

Eimeria necastrix

E.praeccox

Eimeria praecox

E.tenella

Emeria tenella

kgP

Kg thӇ trӑng

0'%Ĉ

0LQK'ѭ%uQKĈӏnh

0'%Ĉ

0LQK'ѭ%uQKĈӏnh

0'%Ĉ

0LQK'ѭ%uQKĈӏnh

Nxb

1Kj[Xҩt bҧn

spp

Species

TN

7KtQJKLӋm

TCLS

TriӋu chӭQJOkPVjQJ

tr.

Trang

1
&+ѬѪ1*. 0ӢĈҪ8
7tQKFҩp thiӃt cӫDÿӅ WjL
&KăQQX{LJLDFҫPOjPӝWQJKӅWUX\ӅQWKӕQJOkXÿӡLFӫDQJѭӡLGkQ9LӋW
1DP1Jj\QD\QKӡQKӳQJWLӃQEӝYӅGLWUX\ӅQJLӕQJWKӭFăQNӻWKXұWFKăQ
QX{LYjF{QJWiFWK~\PjFKăQQX{LJLDFҫPQJj\FjQJSKiWWULӇQ TәQJÿjQJLD
FҫPWURQJWKiQJQăPFӫD9LӋW1DP WăQJVRYӟLFQJWKӡLÿLӇP
QăPVҧQOѭӧQJWKӏWJLDFҫPKѫL[XҩWFKXӗQJ QăP2019 ÿҥWQJKuQ
WҩQWăQJVRYӟLQăP VҧQOѭӧQJWUӭQJJLDFҫPFҧQăPÿҥWWӹ
TXҧWăQJ7әQJFөFWKӕQJNr
>@ %rQFҥnh nhӳng thuұn lӧi vӅ thӏ
WUѭӡQJSKiWWULӇQÿjQ OjQKӳQJNKyNKăQWKiFKWKӭc tӯ dӏch bӋnh mang lҥLÿһc
biӋWOj FiFEӋQKWUX\ӅQQKLӉPEӋQKNêVLQKWUQJ.
%ӋQKFҫXWUQJJjAvian Coccidiosis) OjPӝWWURQJQKӳQJEӋQKSKәELӃQ
WURQJFKăQQX{LJLDFҫPWҥL9LӋW1DP%ӋQKJk\UDGRPӝWGҥQJÿѫQEjREimeria
VSS
VӕQJNêVLQKWURQJKӋWKӕQJWӃEjRELӇXP{UXӝWOjPWәQWKѭѫQJP{ҧQK
KѭӣQJÿӃQYLӋFăQWLrXKRiKRһFKҩSWKXFKҩWGLQKGѭӥQJPҩWQѭӟFPҩWPiXYj
WăQJWtQKPүQFҧPYӟLQKӳQJWiFQKkQJk\EӋQKNKiF+ұXTXҧGүQÿӃQJjEӏFzL
FӑFFKұPOӟQҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQVӵVLQKWUѭӣQJYjVӭFVҧQ[XҩWFӫDJjOjPWKLӋWKҥL
OӟQYӅNLQKWӃFKRQJѭӡLFKăQQX{LĈһFÿLӇPTXDQWUӑQJFӫDFҫXWUQJOjYzQJ
ÿӡLQJҳQ-QJj\
YjNK{QJFҫQNêFKӫWUXQJJLDQ%ӋQK[ҧ\UDӣPӑLOӭDWXәL
Jk\FKӃWFDRӣJjFRQ1JX\ӉQ7Kӏ.LP/DQYjFV
>8]).
7ҥL9LӋW1DPWӹOӋQKLӉPFҫXWUQJJjGDRÿӝQJWӯ-YjWӹOӋFKӃWWӯ
5-1JX\ӉQ+ӳX+ѭQJ010) [6]; /ѭѫQJ7ҩQ3KiWYj%L7UҫQ$QKĈjR
(2011) [18]
4XDÿyWKҩ\ÿѭӧFPӭFÿӝQJKLrPWUӑQJFӫDEӋQKFҫXWUQJJk\UD

ÿӕLYӟLFKăQQX{LJjQyNK{QJFKӍҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQVӕOѭӧQJÿҫXFRQPjFzQOjP
WLrXWӕQWKӭFăQJjFKұPOӟQJLҧPJLiWUӏNLQKWӃFӫDFRQJj
7UѭӟFÿk\YLӋFSKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJFKӫ yӃu sӱ dөng thuӕFFyKRҥt chҩt
NKiQJ NKXҭn QKѭ sulfadimidine (sulfamethoxin, trimethoprim, diclazuril) Yj
Toltrazuril ÿk\ Oj  ORҥi thuӕc thuӝF QKyP Foccidiocidal (chӕng lҥi coccidia).


2
Thuӕc ÿѭӧc phӕi hӧSFQJYӟLFiFWKXӕFNKiQJVLQKNKiF trӝn trong thӭFăQQѭӟc
uӕng ÿӇ JL~SWăQJNKҧ QăQJÿLӅu trӏ YjSKzQJFiFEӋnh kӃ SKiW do sulfamid WiF
dөQJOrQschizonts ӣ thӃ hӋ thӭ 2, FzQtoltrazuril FyWiFÿӝQJOrQPӑLJLDLÿRҥn
SKiWWULӇn cӫa cҫXWUQJNKLӣ ErQWURQJQLrPPҥc ruӝWJj0HKOKRUQYjFV

[33], kKLJjEӏ cҫu WUQJKҫu hӃt vүn sӱ dөng thuӕFQj\ÿӇ ÿLӅu trӏ vӟi liӅXOѭӧng
FDRKѫQ&KtQKYLӋc lҥm dөng bӯDEmLYjNK{QJÿӏnh liӅu cө thӇ Qj\ÿmOjPWăQJ
khҧ QăQJNKiQJWKXӕc, dүn tӟi hiӋu quҧ ÿLӅu trӏ thҩSÿӗng thӡLOjPSKiWWULӇQFiF
chӫng cҫXWUQJQJj\FjQJÿDGҥQJKѫQ%L.KiQK/LQKYjFV
[12].
Vaccine cҫX WUQJ Oj KѭӟQJ ÿL Pӟi, giҧLSKiS WKD\ WKӃ FiF WKXӕc SKzQJ
bӋnh, hiӋn nay bҳWÿҫXÿѭӧc sӱ dөng thӱ nghiӋm iSGөng cho cҧ JjWKӏWYjJj
trӭng. XuҩWSKiWWӯ thӵc trҥQJWUrQHP[LQÿӅ xuҩt thӵc hiӋQÿӅ WjL ³ҦQKKѭӣng
cӫDYDFFLQHQKѭӧFÿӝFWDPJLiÿӃn hiӋu quҧ SKzQJEӋnh cҫXWUQJWUrQJj
thӏt tҥL3K1LQK- 3K~7Kӑ´
2. MөFWLrXFӫDÿӅ WjL
- ;iFÿӏQKÿѭӧFWӹOӋPҳFEӋQKFҫXWUQJWUrQJjWKӏWVDXNKLVӱGөQJ
YDFFLQHQKѭӧFÿӝFWDPJLiÿӇSKzQJEӋQK
- So ViQKÿѭӧFWӹOӋPҳFEӋQKFҫXWUQJWUrQJjWKӏWNKLSKzQJEӋQK
EҵQJYDFFLQHYjEҵQJWKXӕFÿLӅXWUӏFҫXWUQJ
éQJKƭDNKRDKӑFYjêQJKƭDWKӵc tiӉn cӫDÿӅ WjL
éQJKƭDNKRDK͕F

ĈӅWjLJySSKҫQFXQJFҩSWK{QJWLQYӅNKҧQăQJSKzQJEӋQKFӫDYDFFLQH
SKzQJEӋQKFҫXWUQJWUrQJjWKӏW
éQJKƭDWK͹FWL͍Q
ĈӅWjLJySSKҫQÿiQKJLiWӹOӋPҳFEӋQKFҫXWUQJFӫDJjVDXNKLVӱGөQJ
YDFFLQHSKzQJEӋQKWӯÿyNLӇPQJKLӋPKLӋXTXҧiSGөQJWURQJWKӵFWLӉQJL~S
QJѭӡLFKăQQX{LWҥL3K1LQKELӃWÿӃQYDFFLQHSKzQJEӋQKFҫXWUQJFKRJjWKӏW


3
&+ѬѪ1*. 7Ә1*48$19Ҩ1Ĉӄ1*+,Ç1&Ӭ8
2.1. &ѫVӣ khoa hӑc cӫDÿӅ WjL
2.1.1. L͓ch s͵ b͏nh
%ӋQKFҫXWUQJ[ҧ\UDӣFҧ JLDV~FJLDFҫPYjQJѭӡL7URQJOƭQKYӵF WK~
\EӋQKÿѭӧFSKiWKLӋQFiFKÿk\KѫQQăPEDQÿҫXFiFQKjNKRDKӑFGӵDWUrQ
KӑFăQQJX\rQ Coccidia ÿӇÿһWWrQFKREӋQKOjCoccidiosis.
1ăP5LYROWDSKiWKLӋQUDPӝWORҥLNêVLQKWUQJFyWURQJSKkQFӫD
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