Unit 3 4 BT luyen NP chuyen sau 10 ebook hoit asia

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UNIT 3: MUSIC
A. VOCABULARY
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New words and Meaning
ability/ə.ˈbɪ.lə.ti/(n)

- I have some douts about her ability to do the job.

khả năng

- Tôi nghi ngờ về khả năng làm việc của cô ta.
- It was a great achievement for such a young singer.
- Đó là thành tựu rất lớn đối với một ca sĩ trẻ như
vậy.
- The show is expected to air for the first time next
month.
- Chương trình đó được mong đợi lên sóng lần đầu
tiên vào tháng tới.
- The singer's biography can be easily found on the
Internet.

- Tiểu sử của ca sĩ đó có thể dễ dàng được tìm thấy
trên mạng.
- He won second place in the singing contest last
year.
- Anh ấy đã giành giải Nhì trong cuộc thi ca hát đó
vào năm ngối.
- The contestants are practicing very hard for the
show tonight.
- Các thí sinh đang luyện tập rất chăm chỉ cho buổi
biểu diễn tối nay.
- My idol has conquered a national music contest.
- Thần tượng của tôi đã chiến thắng một cuộc thi âm
nhạc cấp quốc gia.

achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ (n.)
thành tựu, thành tích, thành quả
air /eə(r)/(v):
phát thanh/ hình
biography /baɪˈɒɡrəfi/ (n):
tiểu sử
contest /ˈkɒntest/ (n):
cuộc thi

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contestant /kənˈtestənt/ (n.)
thí sinh

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conquer /ˈkɒŋkə(r)/ (v.)
chinh phục, chiến thắng
dangdut /dangdut/ (n):

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một loại nhạc dân gian của Inđô-nê-xi-a
debut album /ˈdeɪbjuː - ˈælbəm/
(np)
tập nhạc tuyển đầu tay

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Example

exceptional / ɪk.ˈsep.ʃnn̩əl/ (adj)

- Dangdut is a kind of Indonesian popular music.
- Dangdut là 1 loại nhạc thịnh hành của Indonesia.
- The female singer's debut album has been a great
success.
- Album đầu tay của nữ ca sĩ đó đã thành cơng rực
rỡ.
- At his age of four he showed his exceptional talent.

khác thường, hiếm có

- Năm lên bốn tuổi, anh đã thể hiện tài năng đặc biệt
của mình.

fan /fỉn/ (n)

- He received letters from fans.

người hâm mộ

- Anh ấy nhận được thư từ người hâm mộ.

12 idol /ˈaɪdl/ (n):

- He is my idol.


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thần tượng

- Anh ấy là thần tượng của tôi.

inspirational /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃənl/
13 (adj.)
truyền cảm hứng

- He gave an inspirational speech yesterday.

modest / ˈmɒ.dɪst /(adj)

- He is very modest about his achievements.

khiêm tốn, giản dị

- Anh ấy rất khiêm tốn về những thành tựu của mình.

nominate / ˈnɒ.mɪ.neɪt/ (v)

- He was nominated as best actor.

đề cử, chỉ định

- Anh được đề cử là diễn viên xuất sắc nhất.

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judge /dʒʌdʒ/ (n)

- Hôm qua anh ta đã có một bài phát biểu đầy cảm
hứng.

- The judges' decision is final.

ban giám khảo

- Quyết định của ban giám khảo là quyết định cuối
cùng.

passionate / ˈpæ.ʃə.nət / (adj)

- He has a passionate interest in music.

đam mê

pop /pɒp/ (n)

- Anh ấy có niềm đam mê âm nhạc.
- Interestingly, the song has quickly become a
phenomenon among the young.
- Thật thú vị khi ca khúc đó nhanh chóng trở thành
hiện tượng với giới trẻ.
- I like pop music.

nhạc bình dân, nhạc trẻ

- Tơi thích nhạc pop.

prize / praɪz/ (n)

- My sister won the first prize in the singing contest.

giải thưởng

- Chị gái tôi đã giành giải nhất trong cuộc thi hát.

rhythm / ˈrɪ.ðəm/ (n)

- I like music with a slow rhythm.

nhịp điệu

- Tơi thích âm nhạc với nhịp điệu chậm.

talented/ ˈtỉ.lən.tɪd/(adj)

- He is a talented young musician.

tài năng

- Anh ấy là một nhạc sĩ trẻ tài năng.

phenomenon /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ (n)
hiện tượng

B. GRAMMAR
I. TO-INFINITIVE AND BARE INFINITIVE (ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU CÓ TO VÀ
KHƠNG CĨ TO)

1. Infinitives with "to" (Động từ ngun mẫu có “to”)
Động từ nguyên mẫu có “to” được dùng để:
- Làm chủ ngữ trong câu
E.g: To become a teacher is her dream. ( Trở thành một giáo viên là giấc mơ của cô ấy)
- Làm tân ngữ của động từ
E.g: It's raining, so she decides to bring an umbrella. (Trời đang mưa, nên cô quyết định mang
theo ô.)


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- Làm tân ngữ của tính từ
E.g: I'm glad to see you here. (Tôi rất vui khi thấy bạn ở đây.)
- Chỉ mục đích:
E.g: Is there anything to eat? (Có gì để ăn ko?)
- Dùng sau các từ để hỏi "wh-": who, what, when, how... nhưng thường không dùng sau
"why"
E.g: I don't know what to do. (Tôi không biết phải làm gì.)
- Đứng sau các từ 'the first': "the second': "the last, "the only".
E.g: Nam is the first person in my class to receive the scholarship. (Nam là người đầu tiên trong
lớp tôi nhận được học bổng)
- Đứng trước các cấu trúc:
a. It takes/took + O + thời gian + to + V-inf (Ai đó mất bao lâu để....)
E.g: It took me 2 weeks to find a suitable job. (Tôi mất 2 tuần để tìm một cơng việc phù hợp.)
b. S + be + adj + to V-inf
E.g: It's interesting to play volleyball together. (Thật thú vị khi chơi bóng chuyền cùng nhau.)
c. S + V + too +adj/adv + to + Vela (quá...để...)
E.g: It's too late to say goodbye. (Đã quá trễ để nói lời tạm biệt.)
d. S + V + adj/adv + enough + to + V-inf (đủ ....để...)
E.g: He speaks English well enough to communicate with foreigners. (Anh ấy nói tiếng Anh đủ

tốt để giao tiếp với người nước ngoài.)
e. I + think/ thought/ believe/ find + it + adj + to + V-inf (tôi nghĩ...để...)
E.g: I find it difficult to learn to play the piano. (Tôi thấy khó học chơi piano.)
- Dùng sau một số động từ. Ta có thể thêm "not" trước cụm "to +V-inf" để chỉ nghĩa phủ
định: afford, agree, appear, arrange, attempt, begin, care, choose, consent, determine, happen,
hesitate, hope, intend, pretend, propose, promise, refuse, love, offer, start, swear, ...
E.g: All citizens agree to build a water park at the center of the city.
(Tất cả công dân đồng ý xây dựng một công viên nước ở trung tâm thành phố.)
- Dùng sau một số động từ có tân ngữ đi kèm: ask, advise, allow, bear, cause, encourage,
expect, forbid, force, get, hate, compel, intend, order, permit, like, invite, request, tell, trouble,
want, prefer, warn, wish, teach...
Form: S + V + 0 + to + V-inf
E.g: The doctor advises me to eat more vegetables. (Bác sĩ khuyên tôi nên ăn nhiều rau xanh.)
- Dùng sau một số tính từ chỉ cảm xúc con người: able, unable, delighted, proud,
ashamed, afraid, glad, anxious, surprised, pleased, easy, amused, annoyed, happy, ready...
E.g: Tam is able to speak Spanish fluently. (Tâm có thể nói tiếng Tây Ban Nha trơi chảy.)
2. Bare infinitives/ Infinitives without “to” (Động từ ngun mẫu khơng có "to")
Chúng ta sử dụng động từ ngun mẫu khơng có "to" khi:


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- Đứng sau các động từ khuyết thiếu: can, could, should, may, might, will, shall, would,
must...
E.g: This child can sing a folk song in German. (Đứa trẻ này có thể hát một bài hát dân gian
bằng tiếng Đức.)
- Đứng sau "had better","would rather/sooner" hay "rather than"
E.g: You'd better study harder in order to pass the exam. (Bạn nên học tập chăm chỉ hơn để vượt
qua kỳ thi.)
- Đứng sau "make': "let" Make/ Let + O + V (bare -inf)

E.g: Anna let her daughters play outside. (Anna để con gái chơi bên ngoài.)
- Đứng sau các động từ chỉ tri giác, thể hiện hành động đã hoàn tất hoặc biết được toàn bộ
sự việc đã xảy ra: hear, smell, watch, notice, feel...
E.g: I heard someone scream at midnight. (Tôi nghe ai đó hét vào lúc nửa đêm.)
BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 1: Put the verbs into the correct form (infinitive with or without to).
1. I can (speak)_________________ English.
2. We have to (do) _________________our homework.
3. You must (stay) _________________ at home.
4. I will (help) _________________ you.
5. He cannot (see) _________________us.
6. My little sister learns (speak) _________________ English.
7. We want (go) _________________ to the cinema.
8. You should (ask) _________________ your parents.
9. I'd like (have) _________________a dog.
10. May I (come) _________________ in?
Bài 2: Rewrite the following sentences using an infinitive.
Example:

- It is no use trying to convince her of this.
- It is no use for us to try to convince her of this.

1. It won't be any good talking to her about it.
..............................................................................................................................................
2. It wouldn't be much good complaining to the minister about it.
..............................................................................................................................................
3. It is no fun having so many children to look after.
..............................................................................................................................................

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4. Will it be any good my seeing the boss about it?
..............................................................................................................................................
5. It is just silly throwing away your chances like that.
..............................................................................................................................................
Bài 3: Match the words in the column A with the words in the column B to make a
meaningful sentence.

A

B

1. My teacher forces me

a. do chores around her house.

2. Kate encourages others

b. to do the dishes after dinner.

3. Kelly can't get her suitcase

c. to try new things with her.

4. John's brother had his friend

d. help him with his homework.

5. I always help my grandmother

e. to do my homework.

6. Mark hates it when his mom tells him

f. to close properly.

Bài 4: Put the verbs into the correct form.
1. Could you please stop (make) _______________so much noise?
2. He refused (lend) _______________me any money.
3. Don't let him (try) _______________ this dangerous game!
4. I don't enjoy (write) _______________ letters.
5. Miss Smith was very strict. No one dared (talk) _______________ during her lessons.
6. I've arranged (play) _______________ tennis tomorrow afternoon.
7. Tom made Mary (cry) _______________ yesterday.
8. Have you finished (wash) _______________your hair yet?
9. Sally offered (look) _______________ after our children while we were out.
10. He admitted (steal) _______________ our car.
11. She doesn't want (go) _______________ home now.
12. We are not allowed (talk) _______________in the library.
13. Would you mind (answer) _______________ me some questions?
14. They watched their children (play) _______________ football.
15. He begged her ( not/tell) _______________his mother.
Bài 5: Choose the correct answer in the bracket.


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1. My teacher (made / convinced) me to practice for two hours every night.
2. Are you sure I can't (convince / make) you to come with us?

3. Sometimes late at night, my mother (gets / lets) me go out.
4. Emily and Daisy are always (having / persuading) us to go shopping with them.
5. My teacher is going to (get / have) me take a special math class next month.
6. Even though Mike doesn't like it, his father always (forces / has) him to go to music lessons
after school.
Bài 6: Rearrange the jumbled words to make sentences.
1. to do / that / again. / for me / would be / It / awful
..............................................................................................................................................
2. ten years / the championship. / to win / took / the team / It
..............................................................................................................................................
3. dollars / lunch. / to buy / It / four / costs
..............................................................................................................................................
4. information / allows / to get /The Internet / us / anywhere. / from
..............................................................................................................................................
5. me / to give / my teacher / less / My mother / persuaded / homework.
..............................................................................................................................................
Bài 7: Complete the passage with words from the box.
wake up

seems

try

excited

home

in the middle

My daily life 1__________ to be pretty boring. Every day, I go to school to listen to my

teachers talk about the same thing. After school, I get 2__________ to meet my friends so we
can go play soccer. I then go 3__________ to eat dinner. After that I 4__________to finish my
homework, but I usually stop 5__________ to take a nap. I then 6__________ to finish my
homework before going back to sleep for the night.
II. COMPOUND SENTENCES (CÂU GHÉP)
1. Định nghĩa:
Câu ghép là câu chứa từ 2 mệnh đề độc lập trở lên, diễn tả các ý có tầm quan trọng ngang
nhau. Hay nói cách khác, câu ghép được thành lập bởi các câu đơn được nối với nhau bởi các
liên từ.
Conjuntions: các liên từ được dùng trong câu ghép là:
• F= for

• A= and

• N= nor


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• B= but

• O= or

• Y= yet

• S= so

Cách ghi nhớ: FANBOYS
E.g:

I stayed at home during my holiday, for I had to work.
(Tơi ở nhà trong kỳ nghỉ, vì tơi phải làm việc.)
Tim likes playing football, and he enjoys cooking.
(Tim thích chơi bóng đá và anh ấy thích nấu ăn.)
He didn't go to school, nor did he stay at home.
(Anh ta không đi học, cũng không ở nhà.)
Sue studied hard, but she didn't pass the exam.
(Sue học chăm chỉ, nhưng cô ấy không vượt qua kỳ thi.)
We will go shopping, or we will go to the cinema.
(Chúng tôi sẽ đi mua sắm, hoặc chúng tôi sẽ đi xem phim.)

Jane did very well on her job interview, yet she didn't get the job. (Jane đã làm rất tốt
trong cuộc phỏng vấn việc làm của mình, nhưng cơ ấy khơng nhận được công việc.)
She needed to buy something, so she decided to go shopping. (Cơ cần mua thứ gì đó, vì
vậy cơ quyết định đi mua sắm.)
2. Cách thành lập câu ghép
Cách 1:

IC + (,)+ CC + IC

CC: coordinating conjunction/ coordinator: liên từ đẳng lập;
IC: independent clause: mệnh đề độc lập
E.g: I was ill yesterday, so I stayed at home. (so là liên từ đẳng lập)
Cách 2:

IC + (;) + IC

Chúng ta sử dụng dấu chấm phẩy (semicolon) để liên kết 2 mệnh đề trong câu ghép khi 2
mệnh đề có liên quan chặt chẽ đến nhau về mặt ý nghĩa)
E.g: Lan was very hungry this morning; she ate a lot.

BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
Bài 8: Decide if each sentence is a simple sentence or a compound sentence.
1. He had been horseback riding before.
2. Mark felt a little nervous on a horse, but he would never admit it.
3. He discovered that riding was a lot of fun, and he couldn't wait to tell his friends about it.
4. There don't seem to be many bears in the national park this year.
5. Suddenly, she pointed out the car window towards some trees.
Bài 9: Choose the best answer to complete the sentence.
1. The ducklings are dark, (but/ or) the adult ducks are white.


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2. The ducklings were playing (but/ or) they were learning, too.
3. The ducklings ate a lot, (but/ and) they grew fast.
4. I brought bread with me, (but/ and) I fed the ducks.
5. Maybe they knew me, (and/ or) maybe they just liked the food I fed them.
Bài 10: Use FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) to write one compound sentence using
the two simple sentences.
1. Mark drove to visit his friend. They went out for dinner.
- Show a sequence of events
..............................................................................................................................................
2. Linda thinks she should go to school. She wants to get qualifications for a new profession.
- Provide a reason
..............................................................................................................................................
3. David invested a lot of money in the business. The business went bankrupt.
- Show an unexpected result
..............................................................................................................................................
4. John didn't understand the homework assignment. He asked the teacher for help.
- Show an action taken based on a reason

..............................................................................................................................................
5. The students didn't prepare for the test.They didn't realize how important the test was.
- Give a reason
..............................................................................................................................................
6. Sue thinks she should stay home and relax. She also thinks she should go on vacation.
- Show additional information
..............................................................................................................................................
7. The doctors looked at the x-rays. They decided to operate on the patient.
- Show an action taken based on a reason
..............................................................................................................................................
8. We went out on the town. We came home late.
- Show a sequence of events
..............................................................................................................................................
9. Tim flew to London to visit his Uncle. He also wanted to visit the National Museum.
- Show addition
..............................................................................................................................................
10. It is sunny. It is very cold.
- Show a contrast
..............................................................................................................................................


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BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO
Bài 11: Choose the correct answer in the bracket.
1. I can't imagine Lucy (going/ to go) by bike.
2. He agreed (buy/ to buy) a new car.
3. It is easy (answer/ to answer) this question.
4. The man asked me how (getting/ to get) to the airport.
5. I look forward to (see/ seeing) you at the weekend.

6. Are you thinking of (visit/ visiting) London?
7. We decided (run/ to run) through the forest.
8. The teacher expected Linda (study/ to study) hard.
9. She doesn't mind (working/ to work) the night shift.
10. I learned (riding/ to ride) the bike at the age of 5.
Bài 12: Choose the best answer to complete the sentence.
1. It was very dangerous. We couldn't risk _______her alone.
A. leave

B. leaving

C. to leave

D. left

C. repairing

D. repair

C. to stay

D. stayed

2. I had the roof _______yesterday.
A. to repair

B. repaired

3. We let our son_______ up late at weekends.
A. staying

B. stay

4. The children were eager_______ their parents.
A. to see

B. see

C. seeing

D. saw

C. stayed

D. stay

5. He'd rather_______ at home.
A. to stay

B. staying

6. Nam is very humorous. His joke makes me _______a lot.
A. laugh

B. to laugh

C. laughing

D. laughed

C. to signing

D. signed

7. They saw him _______the agreement.
A. sign

B. to sign

8. It's necessary for her _______back home before 10 p.m.
A. coming

B. come

C. came

D. to come

9. They would _______ go to Ho Chi Minh City by plane than travel by train.
A. like

B. rather

C. prefer

D. better

10.The boss allows _______home.
A. us to stay

B. us stay

Bài 13: Put the verbs into the correct form.

C. us staying D. us to staying


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1. I can't think of (go) _______ to visit her in hospital without (buy) ________ some flowers.
2. Don't hesitate (ask) ___________ me if you have any questions.
3. It was very kind of you (show) ___________ me the way to the post office.
4. I am looking forward to (see) ___________ him again.
5. I intend (study) ___________ English to understand the cultures of foreign countries.
6. She still plans on (marry) ___________ him even after he refused (buy) ___________ her an
engagement ring
7. I cannot resist (eat) ___________ fish when I am in England.
8. She enjoys (go) ___________ to parties and (dance) ___________ all the night long.
9. I stopped (live)_________in London when I realized it was time for me (move)__________.
10. Don't forget (turn) ___________ off the light before you leave the house.
Bài 14: Use fanboys (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) to write one compound sentence using the
two simple sentences.
1. I have studied French for many years. As a result, my French-speaking friends can chat easily
with me now.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
2. You are quite intelligent. However, you don't think before you act.
..............................................................................................................................................
3. My friends Jane and Jennifer have just moved into a new home.They've made many changes
in its appearance.

..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
4. Sue could study music next year. She could study drama instead.
..............................................................................................................................................
5. Tom watches the news. Bill makes news.
..............................................................................................................................................


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UNIT 4: FOR A BETTER COMMUNITY
A. VOCABULARY
Or

New words and Meaning

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advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/ (n):
quảng cáo, rao vặt

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announcement /əˈnaʊnsmənt/ (n):
thông báo

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apply /əˈplaɪ/(v):
nộp đơn xin việc

Example
- I saw your advertisement in the Youth Newspaper
yesterday.
- Tôi thấy quảng cáo của các bạn trên tờ Thanh Niên hôm
qua.
- This announcement is very important.
- Thông báo này rất quan trọng.
- When I saw the job advertisement on the Internet, I
applied and was chosen.
- Khi tôi thấy quảng cáo việc làm trên Internet, tôi đã nộp
đơn và được chọn.


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balance /ˈbỉləns/ (v):
làm cho cân bằng
benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ (n.)
lợi ích

- I try to balance work and family commitments.
- Tôi cố gắng cân bằng các cam kết cơng việc và gia đình.
- Doing volunteer work has a lot of benefits.
- Làm tình nguyện có rất nhiều lợi ích.
- Many young people are concerned about community
concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/ (a):
problems.
lo lắng, quan tâm
- Nhiều người trẻ quan tâm đến các vấn đề cộng đồng
- He is a creative designer.
creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ (a): sáng tạo
- Anh ấy là một nhà thiết kế sáng tạo.
dedicated /ˈdedɪkeɪtɪd/ (a):
- She is the most dedicated doctor in our hospital.
tận tâm, tận tụy

- Cô ấy là bác sĩ tận tụy nhất trong bệnh viện của chúng ta
- He made a great contribution to the development of our
development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ (n):
country.
sự phát triển
- Ông đã có những đóng góp to lớn cho sự phát triển của
đất nước chúng ta.
- A new educational program has been set up to help
disadvantaged ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒd/(a) disadvantaged children.
thiệt thòi
- Một chương trình giáo dục mới đã được thiết lập để giúp
trẻ em thiệt thòi.
- A young businessman donated a lot of money to the
donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ (v):
charity.
cho, tặng, quyên góp
- Một doanh nhân trẻ đã quyên góp rất nhiều tiền cho tổ
chức từ thiện.
excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/(a):
- He is getting excited about his holiday.
phấn khởi, phấn khích
- Anh ấy đang phấn khích về kỳ nghỉ của mình.
experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/(n.)
- Do you have any experience in teaching children?
kinh nghiệm
- Bạn có kinh nghiệm dạy trẻ con không?
- Schools and hospitals are necessary facilities.
facility /fəˈsɪləti/(n.)
- Trường học và bệnh viện là những cơ sở vật chất cần
cơ sở vật chất, trang thiết bị

thiết.
fortunate /ˈfɔːtʃənət/ (a):
may mắn
handicapped /ˈhỉndikỉpt/ (a):
tàn tật, khuyết tật
helpful /ˈhelpfl/(adj.)
hữu ích, nhiệt tình
helpless /ˈhelpləs/(adj.)
bất lực, vơ vọng
invalid /ɪnˈvỉlɪd/ (n):
người tàn tật, người khuyết tật,
thương binh
martyr /ˈmɑːtə(r)/ (n):
liệt sỹ

- He's very fortunate to have found such a nice house.
- Anh ấy rất may mắn khi tìm được một ngơi nhà đẹp như
vậy.
- We should help handicapped children.
- Chúng ta nên giúp trẻ em khuyết tật.
- The host family was very helpful.
- Gia đình chủ nhà rất nhiệt tình.
- They are helpless victims of war.
- Họ là những nạn nhân bất lực của chiến tranh.
- War invalids and the families of martyrs should be
helped a lot.
- Thương binh và gia đình liệt sĩ cần được giúp đỡ rất
nhiều.
- There are many volunteer activities such as helping old
people and taking care of the families of martyrs.

a

21

meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ (a):
có ý nghĩa

22

narrow-minded /ˈnỉrəʊ ˈmaɪndɪd/
(adj.)
hẹp hịi, nhỏ nhen, nông cạn

23
24
25
26

non-profit /nɒn ˈprɒfɪt/(adj.)
phi lợi nhuận
obvious /ˈɒbviəs/ (a): rõ ràng, hiển
nhiên
passionate /ˈpỉʃənət/(adj.)
đam mê, nồng nhiệt
patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ (a):
kiên trì, kiên nhẫn

27

position /pəˈzɪʃn/(n.)
vị trí

28

priority /praɪˈɒrəti/ (n.)
ưu tiên

29

remote area /rɪˈməʊt ˈeəriə/(n.
phr.)
vùng sâu vùng xa

30

volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/(v.)
tình nguyện

- Có nhiều hoạt động tình nguyện như giúp đỡ người già
và chăm sóc gia đình liệt sĩ.
- His job is very meaningful.
- Công việc của anh ấy rất có ý nghĩa.
- He had been narrow-minded before he took this
volunteer trip.
- Cậu ấy từng là người nông cạn trước khi tham gia
chuyến đi tình nguyện này.
- We are a non-profit charity organisation.
- Chúng tôi là một tổ chức từ thiện phi lợi nhuận.

- It's obvious that my sister doesn't like him.
- Rõ ràng là em gái tôi không thích anh ấy.
- I am a passionate and creative person.
Tơi là một người giàu đam mê và sáng tạo.
- Be patient with her - she's very young.
Hãy kiên nhẫn với cơ ấy - cơ ấy cịn rất trẻ.
- I'm writing to apply for the position of a volunteer
guide.
Tôi viết thư để ứng tuyển vị trí hướng dẫn viên tình
nguyện.
- Protecting the environment is our top priority.
Bảo vệ môi trường là ưu tiên hàng đầu của chúng ta.
- Our program aims at helping poor households in this
remote area.
Chương trình của chúng tôi nhằm vào việc giúp đỡ các hộ
nghèo ở vùng sâu vùng xa này.
- A group of students volunteer to clean this area every
Saturday.
Một nhóm học sinh tình nguyện dọn dẹp khu vực này vào
thứ Bảy hàng tuần.

B. GRAMMAR
I. THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE (THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN)
1. Cấu trúc (Form)
Affirmative

Negative

S + V (past) (+ O)

S + did not/ didn't + V(bare-inf) (+ O)

They went to the They didn't go to the cinema last night.
cinema last night.

Interrogative
Did + S + V(bare-inf) (+ O)?
Did they go to the cinema last
night?

2. Cách dùng (Use)
- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc tại một thời điểm trong quá khứ (finished actions
or events)


a

E.g:

I saw him at the airport yesterday. (Tôi thấy anh ta ở sân bay ngày hôm qua.)
My aunt sent me a letter two days ago. (Dì tơi gửi thư cho tôi hai ngày trước.)

- Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại trong quá khứ (repeated actions)
E.g:

I played soccer three times a week when I was at school.
(Tơi chơi bóng đá ba lần một tuần khi tơi cịn ở trường)
She went to Paris twice last year. (Cô đã đến Paris hai lần vào năm ngối.)

- Diễn tả thói quen trong quá khứ (past habits)

E.g:

She visited her parents every Sunday. (Cô đến thăm cha mẹ cô mỗi chủ nhật.)
We often went swimming every afternoon. (Chúng tôi thường đi bơi mỗi buổi chiều.)

- Diễn tả tình trạng hay tình huống trong quá khứ
E.g:

Did you have a car when you were young?

- Diễn tả một chuỗi hành động xảy ra liên tiếp nhau trong (sequences of actions)
E.g:

He ran to the car, jumped in and raced off into the night.

3. Các cụm từ thời gian (Time phrases)
Một số cụm từ thời gian thường được dùng trong thì quá khứ đơn:
yesterday,

last night/week/month/ year, etc.,

two days/ weeks/months, etc. ago,

in 2000,

at that moment,

then,

suddenly,

when

4. Quy tắc thêm "ed" vào sau động từ.
*) Đối với động từ có quy tắc
- Thông thường ta thêm "ed" vào sau động từ.
E.g:

wash —> washed
return —> returned
remember —> remembered

Tuy nhiên, cần lưu ý một số điểm sau khi thêm “ed”:
+ Nếu động từ tận cùng là "e" thì ta chỉ cần thêm "d".
E.g:

like —> liked
love --> loved
decide —> decided

+ Nếu động từ có 1 âm tiết tận cùng là 1 phụ âm mà trước phụ âm là 1 nguyên âm thì ta gấp đôi
phụ âm cuối rồi thêm "-ed”
E.g:

stop —> stopped

Note: commit —> committed

tap —> tapped
prefer —> preferred

(Động từ có 2 âm tiết nhưng trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2)
- Nếu động từ tận cùng là "y" mà trước y là nguyên âm (u, e, o, a, i) thì ta thêm "ed".


a

E.g:

play —> played

stay —> stayed

- Nếu động từ tận cùng là "y" mà trước y là phụ âm ta đổi "y" thành "i” rồi thêm “ed".
E.g:

study —> studied

cry —> cried

*) Đối với động từ bất quy tắc
Với các động từ bất quy tắc, động từ biến đổi hình thức thành dạng quá khứ trong cột 2 của
Bảng động từ Bất quy tắc trong Tiếng Anh (V2)
E.g:

go —> went;

say —> said;

do —> did;

forget —> forgot;

buy —> bought
5. Quy tắc phát âm động từ có đi "ed"
- Khi động từ có tận cùng là phụ âm /t/ hoặc /d/ thì ta phát âm là /id/
E.g:

Wanted / ˈwɒn.tɪd /;

Needed /ˈniː.dɪd/

- Khi động từ có tận cùng là phụ âm vơ thanh /p/, /f/, /k/, /s/, /.1"/, /tf/ thì ta phát âm là /t/
E.g:

Stopped / stɒpt /:

Laughed / lɑːft /;

Cooked / kʊkt /;

Watched / wɒtʃt /

- Khi động từ có tận cùng là phụ âm và ngun âm cịn lại thì ta phát âm là /d/
E.g:

Played / ˈpleɪd/ ;

Opened /ˈəʊ.pənd/

BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 1: Write the past forms of the irregular verbs.
Infinitive

Simple past

Infinitive

Simple past

Meet

.........................

Stand

Drive

.........................

Run

Speak

......................... ........
................. ................
......... ........................
. ......................... ......
................... ..............
...........

Feel

......................... ......
................... ............
............. ..................
....... ........................
. ......................... ....
..................... ..........
...............

Put
Write
Sing
Do

Cost
Catch
Feed
Forget

Sit
Bài 2: Put the verbs into the simple past tense.
1. Last year she (go)_____________ to Da Nang City on holiday.
2. It (be) _____________ terrible.
3. I (visit) ___________ lots of beautiful places. I (be) _______with two friends of mine.
4. In the mornings they (walk) _____________ in the streets of Hanoi.
5. In the evenings we (go) _____________ to the cinema.

a

6. The weather (be) _____________ strangely fine.
7. It (not / rain) _____________ a lot.
8. We (see) _____________some beautiful rainbows.
9. Where (you/ spend) _____________ your last holiday?
10. It was sunny, so I (take) _____________ off my coat.
11. The film wasn't good. I (not enjoy) _____________it very much.
12. I knew Sally was very busy, so I (not disturb) _____________ her.
13. My father was very tired, so he (come) _____________ back home early.
14. The bed wasn't comfortable. I (not sleep) _____________very well.
15. My sister wasn't hungry, so she (not eat) _____________anything.
16. We went to our parents' house but they (not be) _____________at home.
17. It was a funny story but nobody (laugh) _____________.
18. The window was open and a bird (fly) _____________ into my room.
19. My husband was in a hurry, so he (not have) _____________time to phone you.
20. The bags (be) _____________very heavy.
Bài 3: Make questions for the underlined part of the sentence.
1. She clicked the mouse button.
...................................................................................................................................................
2. Mr. David robbed a bank.
...................................................................................................................................................
3. The house was built five years ago.
...................................................................................................................................................
4. The students respected their teacher.
...................................................................................................................................................
5. They welcomed the new student warmly.
...................................................................................................................................................
Bài 4: Complete the sentence with the verbs in the box. Put the verbs into past simple
tense.

buy

drink

sell

throw

catch

fall

spend

win

cost

hurt

teach

write

1. Mozart____________ more than 600 pieces of music.
2. My mother____________me to learn to ride a bike.
3. They couldn't afford to keep their car, so they____________it.


a

4. I____________the water very fast because I was very thirsty.
5. Tom and I played badminton yesterday. He is much better than me, so he _____ easily.
6. John____________ down the stairs last night and____________ his leg.
7. Tim____________ the ball to his sister, who ____________it.
8. Mary _________a lot of money this morning. She _________a dress. It_______ 50 dollars.
Bài 5: Fill in the blank with ONE suitable word from the box in the past simple tense
go

get

start

break

stay

buy

spend

find

want

see

have

leave

Two years ago we (1)_________ a holiday in Scotland. We (2)_________ there from
London, but our car (3) _________ down on the motorway and we (4)_________ the first night
in Birmingham. When we (5) _________ to Edinburgh we couldn't find a good hotel - they
were all full. We didn't know what to do, but in the end we (6) _________ a bed and breakfast
and (7)________ there for the week. We (8)_________ the castle, went to the Arts Festival, and
we (9)_________ a lot of souvenirs. We (10) __________ to go to Loch Ness but we didn't
have much time and it was quite far away. The weather was good, but it (11) _________ the day
we (12)_________.
Bài 6: Fill in the blank with only ONE suitable word from the box in the correct form.
be (x2)

watch

have

ago

start

eat

go

yesterday

decide

want

study

last

have

not be

sleep

Tom went to library for his physics homework assignment (1) ______Saturday. He
(2)______ physics all day. He (3) ______ out of the library at 5 o'clock. Then, he got on a bus to
go home. He met one of his old friends on the bus. He didn't (4) ______ to go home directly.
They (5) ______ to a cafe together. He (6) ______ really great time with him. He got home at
six. The dinner (7) ______ ready so he (8) ______TV. For dinner, he ate spaghetti and salad, but
he didn't (9) ______ the delicious dessert. He (10) ______ on diet. He went to his bedroom and
(11) ______listening to some music. He finished his book three days (12) ______and he bought
a new book (13) ______. However, he didn't feel like reading it. He (14) ______really tired, and
(15) ______ to go to bed early. He (16) ______ all night and finished the day.
II. THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)
1. Cấu trúc (Form)
Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

S + was/ were + V-ing (+O)

S + was/ were + not + V-ing

(+O)

Was/ Were + S +V-ing (+O)?

My brother was reading
books at this time last night.
2. Cách dùng (Use)

My brother wasn't reading
books at this time last night.

Was your brother reading
books at this time last night?


a

- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ (actions in
progress at a point of time in the past)
E.g:

At 9 o'clock yesterday, I was doing the homework.
(Vào 9 giờ ngày hôm qua, tôi đã làm bài tập về nhà)

- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ (actions in
progress over a period of time)
E.g:

My husband was working hard all day. (Chồng tôi đã làm việc chăm chỉ cả ngày.)

*) Note: Các cụm từ chỉ thời gian như: all day, all the morning, ... thường được dùng trong
trường hợp này
- Diễn tả tình huống/ sự việc tạm thời hoặc đang diễn ra trong quá khứ (temporary or
changing situations in the past)
E.g:

At the time, I was working for a bank in this city. (a temporary situation)
I was becoming bored with the job, so I decided to change. (a changing situation)

- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra thì một hành động khác xen vào trong quá khứ (an
action was in progress when another action happened/ interrupted it)
E.g: We were having dinner when someone knocked at/on the door. (Chúng tơi ăn tối khi ai
đó gõ cửa / vào cửa..)
- Diễn tả hai hay nhiều hành động cùng đồng thời xảy ra trong quá khứ (two or more
actions in progress at the same time in the past)
E.g:

While I was cooking dinner, my husband was playing computer games.
(Trong khi tôi đang nấu bữa tối, chồng tơi chơi trị chơi điện tử.)

*) Note: Chúng ta khơng thường dùng thì q khứ tiếp diễn đối với các động từ chỉ tình trạng,
sở hữu, cảm xúc, tri giác như: be, cost, belong, own, have, feel, hear, hate, like, etc
3. Các cụm từ chỉ thời gian (Time phrases)
Các cụm từ chỉ thời gian thường sử dụng trong thì này như: while, as, when, meanwhile,
at that time, all the morning/ afternoon/ day, etc.
BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
Bài 7: Write the - ing form of the following verbs.
Infinitive

V- ing

1. Share

........................

2. Tidy

........................

3. Shut

........................

4. Dial

........................

5. Lie

........................


a

Bài 8: Write sentences in the past continuous tense.
1. the snowman / melt / in the sun .
.............................................................................................................................
2. they / explore / a new territory .
.............................................................................................................................
3. the boss/ print out / a document.

.............................................................................................................................
4. the boy/ not / concentrate / on the task .
.............................................................................................................................
5. Michael/ not / practise / on the piano.
.............................................................................................................................
Bài 9: Make questions for the underlined part of the sentence.
1. At six o'clock, Mike was reading the document.
.............................................................................................................................
2. Sarah was waiting for him in the park.
.............................................................................................................................
3. The students were talking about American culture.
.............................................................................................................................
4. The secretary was writing a letter.
.............................................................................................................................
5. Lisa was looking for her necklace.
.............................................................................................................................
Bài 10: Put the verbs into the correct form (the past continuous tense).
1. When I phoned my friends, they (play) ________________ computer games.
2. Yesterday at six my sister (prepare) ________________ dinner.
3. The children (play) ________________ in the garden when it began to rain.
4. I (practice) ________________ the guitar when she came home.
5. They (not / cycle) ________________ all day.
6. While Tom (work) ________________ in his room, his friends (swim) ________________ in
the pool.
7. I tried to tell my mother the truth but she (not/ listen) ________________
8. What (you / do) yesterday________________?
Bài 11: Complete the text with the verbs in the box using the pastcontinuous tense.
smoke

bark

hold

walk

wear

eat

sleep

drink

walk

read


a

It was exactly nine o'clock. Outside, it was raining. We (1) __________ our books in the
living room, and our 9-year-old twins (2) __________ quietly in their bedroom. My husband
(3)__________ a cup of tea, and my father (4) __________a cigarette. Our 16-year-old
daughter (5) __________ towards the door. She (6) __________her dark blue raincoat and she
(7) __________ an umbrella. She (8)__________a chocolate bar. Our cats (9)__________beside
her, and our dog (10)__________ loudly. It was a normal evening. Suddenly, two men jumped
through the window!
Bài 12: Circle the correct answer in the bracket.
1. I_____ - I didn't hear you come in . (was sleeping/ slept)
2. I_____ to see her twice, but she wasn't home. (was coming/ came)

3. What_____ ? - I was watching TV. (did you do/ were you doing)
4. He was a character who _____from the rich and gave to the poor. (stole/ was stealing)
5. Hey, did you talk to her? Yes, I _____to her. (was talking/ talked)
6. I _____ home very late last night. (came/ was coming)
7. When_____ a cold? (did you have/ were you having)
8. _____a good time in Paris? Yes, I had a blast! (Were you having/ Did you have)
9. We _____ breakfast when she walked into the room. (had/ were having)
10. Last month I decided to buy a new car, and today I finally _____it. (bought/ was buying)
Bài 13: Complete the text using the correct form of the verb in the brackets in either the
past simple or past continuous.
This morning (1. be) __________ terrible! I (2. wake up) __________late and I (3. rush)
__________to get to school on time when I (4. remember) __________ that I (5. forget)
__________ my homework at Tom's house last night. We (6. study) __________ together when
my mom (7. call) __________ and (8. tell) __________ me to come home for dinner. Then,
while I (9. brush) __________ my teeth, I (10. realize) __________that I had a test in English
that I didn't study for! I (11. be) __________ so upset that I (12. get) __________toothpaste on
my shirt and had to change my clothes! I (13. miss) __________ the bus and had to walk to
school. It (14. be) __________ awful!
BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO
Bài 14: Write the words in the correct order.
1. I/ the bus/ caught/ yesterday/ to work/.
......................................................................................................................................................
2. it was raining/because/ didn't/ she/ for a walk/ got
......................................................................................................................................................
3. I got/TV/ when/ watching/ my/ brother/ was/ home/.
......................................................................................................................................................


a

4. break/ your arm/ you/ how/ did/?
......................................................................................................................................................
5. last summer/ in a beautiful village/ spent/ we/.
......................................................................................................................................................
6. last night/ Sally/ what/ was/ wearing/ at the party/?
......................................................................................................................................................
7. a loud party/ while/ my neighbors/ I/ were having/ to study,/ was trying/.
......................................................................................................................................................
8. you/ to the cinema/ last night/ did/ go/?
......................................................................................................................................................
Bài 15: Choose the correct answer in the bracket.
1. Last night I_______on my thesis and it took me a while to realise that my phone was ringing.
(work/ was working)
2. When you _______I was in a meeting so I couldn't answer your call. (called/ were calling)
3. David can never agree with Tim. They_______ . (always argue/ are always arguing)
4. Why did you disagree with me at the meeting? ____________ to make me look incompetent?
(Did you try/ Were you trying)
5. Daisy_______ the buffet while I was looking for the drinks. (prepared/ was preparing)
6. Tim _______ home when the accident happened. (walked/ was walking)
7. I _______ to work, even when it rained. (was always walking/ always walked)
8. Kelly _______ her speech when I walked in. (was finishing/ finished)
Bài 16: Put the verbs into the past simple or past continuous tense.
1. I used my time well while I (wait) ____________for the train - I wrote some emails.
2. I (not/work) ____________ when my boss walked in my office. I was on Facebook.
3. I saw a car crash when I (wait) ____________ for the taxi.
4. Tom (have) ____________ long hair and a beard when he was at university.
5. It started raining while I (drive) ____________ to work.
6. What (you/do) ____________this time last year?
7. I (not/call) ____________ you at 10 o'clock as arranged because I was having a meeting.
8. I (still/sleep) ____________ when my husband left for work this morning.

Bài 17: Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense, past simple or past continuous.
Use the passive form if necessary.
1. When she heard the phone ring, she (stop) ____________ reading to answer it.
2. My mother (read) ____________, so she didn't see me walking past.
3. When the accident happened, thousands of people (pass) ____________ through the airport.


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4. I (have) ____________ English lessons every week from the age of four onwards.
5. They decided to leave the beach because it (get) ____________dark and they wanted to get
home while there was still some light.
6. Kate already (think) ____________of leaving university before she failed her first year
exams?
7. Since your house had a pool, you (swim) ____________ every day?
8. The disaster (attract) ____________hundreds of people from the country to the city.
9. Sorry I couldn't come on Monday, but I (work) ____________ on my project.
10. The national park (create) ____________ to protect wildlife.
Bài 18: Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense.
Last night, while I was doing my homework, Hoa (1. call) ____________ . She said she
(2. call) ____________ me on her cell phone from her biology classroom. I asked her if she
(3.wait) ____________ for class, but she said that the professor was at the front of the hall
lecturing while she (4.talk) ____________ to me. I couldn't believe she (5. make)
____________ a phone call during the lecture. I asked what was going on.
She said her biology professor was so boring that several of the students (6. sleep,
actually) ____________in class. Some of the students (7. talk) ____________ about their plans
for the weekend and the student next to her (8. draw) ____________a picture of a horse. When
Hoa (9. tell) ____________ me she was not satisfied with the class, I (10. mention)
____________ that my biology professor was quite good and (11. suggest) ____________that
she switch to my class.

While we were talking, I (12. hear) _____________ her professor yell, "Miss, are you
making a phone call?" Suddenly, the line went dead. I (13. hang) _____________ up the phone
and went to the kitchen to make dinner. As 1 (14. cut) _____________ vegetables for a salad,
the phone rang once again. It (15. in class. be) _____________ Hoa, but this time she wasn't
sitting in the class.
Bài 19: Read the story and answer the following questions.
A DISASTROUS DINNER
Last Friday, Mrs. Anderson planned to have a delicious dinner. She bought a T-bone steak
and some cream and apples for an apple pie. When she came home from the shops she put her
shopping on the table. While she was setting the table, her two pets sat underneath it and
watched her. Then she went to the kitchen to make the pastry for the pie. She was a little
forgetful so she didn't realize the steak, cream and apples were still on the table. While she was
making the pastry, the dog jumped on a chair and looked longingly at the steak. At last it took
the steak in its mouth and jumped off the chair, just as Mrs. Anderson was coming back into the
dining room. Mrs. Anderson screamed, but the dog ran into the garden. She ran after the dog.
While she was chasing the dog, the cat jumped on the table and started drinking the cream. Mrs.
Anderson didn't manage to catch the dog, and she came back into the dining room. When she


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saw the cat, she shrieked, and the cat got such a fright that it jumped a meter into the air, and
leapt out the window. Mrs. Anderson threw her broom at the cat, but she missed, and broke the
window. At the same time she overbalanced and put her hand in the cream, spilling it all over the
tablecloth. Poor Mrs. Anderson - she had no dinner, only a dirty tablecloth and a broken window.
Answer these questions about the story. Answer in complete sentences.
1. What did Mrs. Anderson plan?
..................................................................................................................................................
2. Why did she buy cream and apples?
..................................................................................................................................................

3. When did her pets watch her?
..................................................................................................................................................
4. Where did she leave the steak?
..................................................................................................................................................
5. When did the dog jump on the chair?
..................................................................................................................................................
6. How did the dog look at the steak?
..................................................................................................................................................
7. When did the dog jump off the chair?
..................................................................................................................................................
8. Where did the dog go?
..................................................................................................................................................
9. What was she doing when the cat jumped on the table?
..................................................................................................................................................
10. What did Mrs. Anderson do when she saw the cat?
..................................................................................................................................................