Cyberspace, cybersecurity, and the spread of optical submarine cables in the atlantic basin and beyond, 14 july 2017

a global Atlantic-centric take
as seen in Google Earth,


image, NASA, overlooking the North Atlantic


image, NASA, centered on the wide South Atlantic
A Room with a View


classical geopolítics: the opening fo the Atlantic as a Mare Nostrum,
then a Mare Clausum: Tordesillas and the Portuguese commercial
routes during the XVIth Century (in blue) and “española” ones (these
latter ‘de longo curso’ and in white, here)


ports in Atlantic Basin and the
Portuguese and ‘Spanish’ routes, cents.
15th to 18th


a view of the slave-trade, Africa-Americas, 1650-1860


almost a decade ago: comparative global density of seaborne commercial exchanges (um mapa adaptado de um
outro, do National Center for Ecological Analysis and
Synthesis, 2008)

global density of commercial exchanges, 2016.

The colours: in yellow, the more populated
regions, in reddish the less populated ones


mapa dos centros das emissões mais intensas de dióxido
de carbono, CO2, a cores. A verde, o mais “verde”
(2016).


o reacender do Atlântico Sul, after the Panama enlargement, after
the eventual TTIP, if Trump allows it: the new (but surely not the
largest) Basin harbours - those being built, enlarged or in fieri – shall
mostly be located on the south of the Basin. So will likely be active

militarization and underlying social movements


President Theodore Roosevelt visiting
the Canal do Panama, 1908


the almost finished Panama Canal, 1913


left, USS Missouri, crossing the Panama Canal, 1945, back from Japan to
the USA; right, the old and new routes of the Great White Fleet of
President Teddy Roosevelt, and the shortcut needed after the ‘Conquest
of the West’

works, by 2012


In 2014, Mau Tempo no Canal? The enlargement was
consumated on 6 June 6th, 2016, doubling its width


“enlargement works and a passing luxury
cruise ship”, March 2013


waiting queue, Canal do Panama (2013) on the Pacific side, and the
alternatives for the ‘unbottling’: that of the “Canal Seco” via Costa Rica
(2012)and that of the “Canal de Nicarágua” (2014)via the latter one;
but both with China


la abertura del Canal de Panama alargado: Monday, June 6th, 2016, at
5:07 pm. a Chinese ship blazing the new trail.


Panama Canal and PortMiami Renew MOU as the
Port Welcomes its first NeoPanamax vessel


‘coordinated migrations’ and urbanization, before the onset
of the ‘Syrian crisis’: map of coordinated migration, and, in
yellow shade, countries with biggest urbanization growth,

2002-2017


‘Cyberspace’? Is it really a space?


the first Atlantic cable, a telegrafphy one: the very forst Morse code message, sent on August
16th, 1858, by Queen Victoria to Presidene James Buchanan, was “Europe and America are
united by telegraphy. Glory to God in the highest; on earth, peace and good will toward men”.
The following Setember the connection was broken. Its permanent technical reposition , carried
out by the Atlantic Telegraph Company , owned by the same John Pender who had laid the first
cables 8 years earlierwas only finished in 1866. The first TransPacific cables, running across from
S. Francisco to Hawaii, Guam, and the Philppines, were only laid on 1902-1903. Once agian huge
innovations taking place.


winding back, ainda olhando para o passado:
“1901, Eastern Telegraph cables”, as the
TransPacific cables were only being sketched


some of the new diomensions of geopolitics:
optic internet submarine cable map, 2015