Tài nguyên đất ngập nước ven bờ hải phòng hội nghị khoa học địa lý – địa chính 2006

L IE N H I~ P c A c H Q I K H -K TV I~ T N A M

f)~ 1 H Q C Q U a C G IA H A N Q I
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LOI PHAT BIEU KHAI M~C H(H NGHl KHOA HOC DlA LY - DlA CHINH LAN THU 5
PHAN I.NHUNG

1.

V AN DE CHUNG VE DlA LY V A DlA CHINH

Truong Quang Hai, Nguyen Cao Huan, Dang Van Bao. T6 chirc lanh th6
du lich sinh thai cap tinh (nghien

2.

CUll

dien hlnh tai tinh Quang TrD

7

Dang Van Bao, Dao Dinh Bac,ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
v n Van Phai, Nguyen Hieu, Tnin Thanh Ha
Mot s6 dang tai bien thien nhienZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
a Viet Nam va canh bao cluing tren c o
nghien ciru dia mao

sa
17

19 hoc

3.

Pham Quang Anh. Nghien

4.

Nguyen Van Chuong. Phat trien cac hanh lang kinh te va vai tro cua giao thong van tai

5.

Drummond

CUll

va dao tao v~ moi tnrong diroi g6c nhin dia

35

Lisa. Uses and Understandings of Public Space among

Young People in Hanoi, Vietnam
6.

28

42

Nguyen Xuan Dc), Nguyen Cao Huan, Nguyen Dlnh Ky, Nguyen An Thinh,
Luu The Anh. Danh gia cac vung chuyen canh ca phe, cao su tren quan diem
dia

19 hoc

(Lay tinh Dak Lak va Dak Nong lam vi

43

du)

7.

'" can
, he~ theong trong tJ/0 c hii
"H·'< len. T iep
ire 1-an h thd0
N guyen

8.

Pharn Xuan Hoang. Ban ve vai tro dai dien chu

sa

h fru

. 50

va quan

19 dat

dai

cua nha nuoc hien nay
9.

56

Nguyen Drrc Kha, Tran Qu6c Binh, Tran Van Tuan, Pharn Thi Ph in,
Le Thi Hong. Nhan dang cac he thong dia chinh trong lich sir Viet Nam

10. NOMA Haruo. Japanese Geography: Tradition and Innovation in the 20th Century
11. Vu Van Phai,
va quan

19 doi

60

69

Hoang Thi Van, Tran Dinh Lan. Mot s6 van d~ quy hoach
bo bien

73

12. Le Van Thang. Mot s6 d?c tnrng c o ban v~ kinh te trang traiNMLKJIHGFEDCBA
a mroc ta

79

13. TSUTSUI Kazunobu.

87

Economic Geography of Urban - Rural Relations in Japan

14. TSUTSUI Yukino. Geographical Studies of Vietnam in Japan
15. Mai Xuan Yen. Thi tnrong Bat d¢~g san

a

97

Viet Nam hien nay, nhirng vuong

mac can duoc thao giY

105

PHAN II. DIEU KI]J:N TlfNHIEN

vA TAl NGUYEN

16. Dang Van Bao, Le Drrc An, Nghien

CUll

dia chat, dia mao cho phat trien

kinh te sinh thai dao Co Lao Cham

111

17. Truong Quang Hai, Dang Van Bao, Tran Thanh Ha. Chuyen d~ dia
tl! nhien trong cong trinh Dia

chi

19

c6 Loa

120

18. Dinh Van Huy, Tran Dire Thanh.Tai nguyen dat ngap nuoc ven b e Hai Phong
1

129

H(n NGHt KHOA HOC DJA LY - DJA CHINH, HA N(n - 2006ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA

" BA

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TAl NGUYEN

DAT

.....,

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NG ~P

NUde

VEN

Bd

.•..

HAl PHONG

Dinh Van Huy, Tran Due Th~nhZYXWVUTSRQP
V ie n T NMLKJIHGFEDCBA
a i n g u y e n v a M o i tr u a n g B itn

M('y d a u

Khai niern dat ngap mrcc da diroc Cong u a c quoc te v~ Dat ngap nuoc hQP tai Ramsar, Iran
nam 1971 qui dinh tai dieu L 1 va b6 sung tai dieu 2. L Theo qui dinh cua Cong tree, dat ngap
mroc (DNN) la " C d c v u n g d d m ld y , s in h ld y , th a n b u n h o d c n u a c tu n h ie n h a y n h d n ta o , n g d p
n u d e th u a n g x u y e n

h a y d in b

ky, nuac

c h d y h a y n u a c tu d o n g , n u a c

n g o t, la , h o d c m d n , k t c d

n h iin g v u n g b iln c o d e ) s d u k h o n g q u a 6 m s o v a i m u c tr ie u th d p n h d t" .

Hoi nghi cac thanh vien cua Cong uoc nam 1990 da thong qua danh sach 11 kieu DNN ven
bien (theo Kien nghi 4.7 va diroc sua theo Nghi quyet VI.5) va diroc ky hieu tir A den K. Cho den
nay da co 112 nuoc tham gia ky ket Cong ircc Ramsar va tren the gioi co nhieu t6 chirc quoc te
va khu vue, nhieu chuang trlnh nghien ciru, hoi nghi, hoi thao v~ quan ly, bao v~ DNN, trang do
dac biet chii trong DNN ven bi~n voi nhirng loai hinh tieu bieu nhu rirng ngap man, ran san ho,
tharn co bien, ... Nhieu cong trlnh nghien ciru ngay cang cho th a y vai tro, chirc nang dac biet cua
DNN v~ rnoi tnrong, sinh thai va gia tri tai nguyen to Ian cua cluing, bao gorn d nhirng gia tri su
dung true tiep, gian tiep va gia tri hru ton cho the he mai sau. Nghien ciru cua cac nha khoa hQC
the gioi da chi ra nguy C C f suy giam, thoai hoa DNN cling vci nhirng hau qua tieu cue kern theo va

co nhirng khuyen nghi v~ bao ton va sir dung "khon kheo" chung.
Thanh pho Hai Phong la mot dia phirong co dien tich DNN ven bien thuoc loai Ian a mroc
ta. Khong tinh huyen dao Bach Long Vy va quan dao Long Chau, dien tich DNN ven bi~n Hai
Phong la 64.969 ha, nrong dirong voi khoang 42,8% trong t6ng so dat nr nhien cua Hai Phong va
chiern 0,65% t6ng DNN d Viet Nam. Trang do co khoang 27.000 ha DNN ngap trieu va khoang
38.000 ha DNN duoi trieu den d¢ sau 6m. Hai Phong co mot dien tich rat Ian DNN duoc sir dung
vao cac hoat dong kinh te nhu nuoi trong thuy san, nong nghiep, lam muoi, khai thac khoang san,
du Itch, xay dung C C f sa ha tang, cang bien, ... va khai thac nr nhien.
Bai bao la mot phan ket qua quan trong cua d~ tai:
q u d n ly D N N

v e n b ie n

Hdi

" D a n li g id t6 n g q u a n tie m r u in g , s u d u n g ,

P h o n g , d e ' x u d t c a c b ie n p h d p

su dung hap

ty "

mang ma so: MT

2002.275, do Uy ban Nhan dan Thanh pho Hai Phong lam chu dau tu, S a Khoa hoc va Cong nghe
Hai Phong quan ly va Phan vien Hai duong hoc tai Hai Phong thirc hien tlr narn 2002 den nam 2004.
1. Tai lieu va phuong phap
1 .1 . N g u o n

ta i lie u

Trang qua trinh thanh lap ban do phan bo hien trang dat ngap rnroc ven bien Hai Phong,
cluing toi da sir dung cac nguon tai lieu sau day:
- Cac tai lieu khao sat b6 sung ven bo thuoc d~ tai tir nam 2002 den 2003.

CCf

sa

- Cac tai lieu khao sat va do sau vung bai ngap trieu Tien Lang, Bang La, Dai Hop do d~ tai
phong Dia moi t w a n g bien thuc hien narn 2001, 2002.
- Tai lieu do sau vung bi~n va bai bdi tir Do San den Cat Hai thang 9/1995.

129


uo:

NGH~ KHOA HOC D~A LY· DJA CHINH,

HA

Nor·

2006

de

tai KHCN 5a

- Tai lieu khao sat va do sau vung bai trieu va day bien venZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
b e Cat Hai do
thuc hien nam 2000.
- Tai lieu anh ve tinh SPOT chup thang

11 narn 2000, anh Landsat

chup narn 2001, 2002

cho kha nang nghien ciru su dung d a t, danh gia cac tai nguyen thien nhien, lap cac ban d6 khai
thac tai nguyen, phan bo cac tharn thuc vat, dam nuoi va bai trieu.
- Cac tai lieu luc d6, hai d6 ty l~ 1/25 000, 1/50 000 do CI,lCDo dac Ban d6 Nha mroc xuat
ban nam 1971 - 1981

va

B¢ T6ng tham rmru Quan doi nhan dan Viet Nam xuat ban.

- Cac tai lieu thu thap mat dat cua D~ tai Vien tham GIS Hai Phong - Quang Ninh thuc hien
narn 2000 - 2001 do Phan vien Hai duong hoc tai Hai Phong chu trioNMLKJIHGFEDCBA
1 .2 . P h u o n g ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
p h tip n g h ie n c u u

Chung toi da su dung cac phtrong phap chinh do ve ngoai thuc dia va trong phong nhu sau:
- Do kiem tra code cao mat bai boi bang may do
vi v e tinh

a

m ot

sau earn tay va thiroc ket hop voi may dinh

so tu y e n ven b o .

- Khao sat, do ve kiem tra thuc dia ket hop voi anh v~ tinh va ban d6 dia hinh ty l~ 1/25000.

- Xu

ly va giai doan anh vien tham.

- Phuong phap GIS dung de the hien cac doi nrong DNN tren ban d6, tinh toan va thong ke
cac dien tich phan bo DNN.

2. Ki~u loai

dat

ngap

m ro c

ven b o Hai P h o n g

2 .1 . T 6 n g q u a n d d t n g tJ .p n u a c

a V i¢ t N a m

Nam 1989, Viet Nam la quoc gia thu 50 tren the gioi gia nhap Cong iroc Ramsar.

Tir d6

den nay, Viet Nam da c6 nhieu nl> lire trien khai cac hoat dong nghien ciru, kiern ke, xay dung
cac cong cu va ky thuat dti sir dung, quan ly, bao ton DNN theo tinh than cua Cong uoc Ramsrar.
Tuy nhien, trang bao cao t6ng quan ker qua sau 15 nam thuc hien Cong uoc Ramsrar

cua CI,lC

Bao ve Moi tw a n g cho thay nhirng co gang cua Viet Nam trong thai gian qua chira dap irng duoc
yeu cau sir dung khon kheo, bao t6n va phat trien ben virng DNN.
C6 tM n6i den nay, Viet Nam da xac dinh duoc l-l Ioai hinh DNN co ban: l-Cac vinh nong
va cac eo bien c6 do sau 6m khi trieu thap, 2- Cac vung cira song, bai trieu. 3- Nhirng vung b e
bien c6 da, vach da, bai cat hay bai soi. 4- Vung dam lay ngap man, rirng ngap man. 5- Nhfrng
dam pha ven bien c6 che d¢ mroc man hay mroc Io. 6- Ruong rnuoi (nhan tao), 7- Ao nuoi trong
thuy san. 8- Song suoi va he thong thoat mroc noi dia. 9- Dam lay ven song. 10- H6 ao nr nhien,
ao rnroc ngot hay mroc man. 11- H6 chira nhan tao. 12- RUng ngap mroc theo mua. 13- Dat cay
cay ngap mroc, dat duoc uroi tieu. 14- Bai than bun.
Trang so 14 10<;1ihinh DNN n6i tren, Hai Phong duoc xac dinh la c6 12 10<;1i,chi thieu hai
10<;1ila dam p h a v a bai than bun. Hai Phong c6 nhirng 10<;1ihinh DNN tieu bieu nhir d a t cay cay
ngap mroc, vinh nong, cira song bai trieu, rung ngap man, ao nuoi, ho chira nuoc. Hai Phong c6
ea rung ngap mroc theo mua doc dao, du dien tich rat hep nhu rirng cay Va tren dao Cat Ba.
C6 the chi a mot each nrong doi DNN Hai Phong thanh hai nh6m la: DNN luc dia va DNN
ven bien. DNN luc dia diroc dinh hinh va sir dung kha 6n dinh. DNN ven bien chiu anh huang cua
qua trinh bien, h e t sire nhay earn va bien dong v~ ea dien tich Ian tinh chat. Vi vay, nhtrng van d~
n6i corn v~ quan ly DNN Hai Phong lien quan nhieu voi DNN ven bien.

130


H(n NGHJ KHOA HQC DJA LY· DJA CHINH,

2 .2 . T 6 n g q u a n d d t n g l; ip n u a c v e n b iin

HA

N()J. 2006ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA

H di Phong

DNN yen bien Hai Phong diroc xac dinh gom: 4 nhorn cap I voi cac dac diem chung Ian
nhat nhu co phu hay khong phu thuc vat, ngap nuoc thirong xuyen hay do con ngiroi t<;10ra; 15
10<;1icap II voi cac dac di~m rieng cua tham thuc vat, hoan canh ngap trieu cua dat ngap mroc, ...
va 29 10<;1icap III dua theo cac dac diem day - thua cua tham thirc vat, cau tao tram tich cua
DNN, ... (bang 1 va 2).NMLKJIHGFEDCBA
1 . C a c lo a i D N N v e n b ie n H d i P h o n g
B a n g ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA

Cap II

Cap I

Cap III

I. Bai lay co, coi
I. Dat ngap mroc phu thuc vat

2.1. day

2. Rung ngap man

2.2. thira

3. Dat phu thirc vat khac
4 Bili ngap trieu cao

4. Cau tao boi bun/cat/cat bun
5. Cau tao bbi bun/cat/cat bun

II. Dat ngap mrcc khong phu thuc vat

5. Bai ngap trieu thap

6.1. Bili cat bien
6.2. De cat yen bo

6. Bili ngap trieu

6.3. Doi cat
6 .4 . B O ' da

g6c

7. Ci'ra song
8. Vinh, tung ang, ho

M ac

man

9. Vung bien sau duai 6m

III. Dat ngap nucc thuong xuyen

9.1. Cau tao bai bun
9.2. Cau tao boi cat
9.3. Cau tao bai bun cat

10. Kenh, lach trieu
11. R<;Insan ho
12. Tham co bien
13. Dam nuoi
14. Dong mu6i

IV. Dat ngap mroc diroc si'r dung

15. Dat moi khai hoanz
16. Vung moi xay dung
ha tang

Cac loai khac

CC1

sa

17. Dao nho
Bang

2.

D ie n

tic h D N N

Cae ki~u loai DNN

I. Dat ngap nuoc (DNN) co phii thuc vat

1. Dat ngap mroc phu thuc vat ngap man day
2. Dat ngap ruroc phu thuc vat ngap man thua
3. Dat ngap mrcc phu co, coi va it thuc vat
nzao man
4. Dat nzap nuoc phu co bien
5. Dat cat phu phi lao
II.

DNN khong phil thuc vat

v e n b ie 'n H d i P h o n g p h d n th e o c d c c a p

T6ng dien
tich (ha)
3045,2
905,8

Cac ki~u loai DNN

III. Dat ngap ruroc thuong xuyen
17. Day cat

893,6

T6ng dien
tich (ha)
37906,8
144,3

18. Day bun cat

19508,6

1189,9

19. Day bun

7250,1

280*

20. Ho karst

136,8

21. Tung

445,7

22. Ang

174,9

55,9

14984,3

131


Hor NGHJ KHOA HOC DJA LY - DJA CHINH, HA Nor - 2006

Cae ki~u Ioai DNN
1 1 .1 . D N N

1853,6

tr ie u c a o

6. Biii trieu cao cat

152,3

7. Bai trieu cao bun cat

1654,3

8. Biii trieu cao bun
1 1 .2 . D N N

Biii trieu thap bun cat

11. Biii trieu thap bun

*

23. Lach trieu - sons

10246,4

IV. DNN duoc sir dung

8839,4

24. Dam nuoi thuy san ngoai de quoc
gia

6683,9

26. Dat cay hia 1 vu

387,8

1501,4

27. Bai vat lieu gach, cat, than

204,8

9945,8

28. Dong muoi

665,3

899,5

29. Kenh d110

12346,7

tr ie u th d p

T6ng dien
tich (ha)ZYXWVUTSRQP

25. Dam nuoi thuy san ngoai de quoc
815,6
aiaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
k e t hop voi cay hia

47

9. Biii trieu thap cat
10.

Cac ki~u loai DNN

Tong dien
tich (ha)

82

784

V. Dat ngap nuoc khac

192,8

12. Biii cat bien

87,9

sa

30. Dien tich DNN moi xay dung co
ha tang

192,8

13. De cat va doi cat bien

85,3

TOng dien tich

14. Biii tang cuoi va them da gac

22,6

15. Bai tang cuoi va them san h6

588,2NMLKJIHGFEDCBA

1 1 .3 . D iit n ~ iip tr ie u

D ie n tic h c o b iin p h d n b 6 ' c h u y e L t tr e n v u n g b d i tr ie u

64969,6

v a tr o n g c d c d a m n u o i n e n d ii d u a c th o n g k e tr o n g

I v a IV .
N g u o n : V i¢ n T a i n g u y e n v a M o i tr u a n g

3 . P h an b 6 d a t
3 .1 . C O '

b ie n , 2 0 0 3 .

ngap mroc yen bien Hai Phong

s O ' p h d n d in h . v a p h a m

vi phdn

b { / f) N N

y e n b iin H d i

Phong

Co sa phan dinh ranh gioi phia trong duoc dira theo cac tieu c h i:
- D¢ man: urong irng voi ranh gioi d¢ man do man 1%0.

- Chi thi thirc vat: con phan be thirc vat ngap man.
- Chi thi dia hinh: noi co su thay d6i hinh thai bai boi yen song va bai trieu cira song.
Vi 3 chi tieu tren khong hoan to an lap lai nen viec chon cac dirong kinh tuyen va vi tuyen
cat ngang cac song noi tren co y nghia qui tree thoa man gdn dung ca 3 tieu chi. Cac tac gia bai
bao rat mong muon ranh gioi nay co tinh chat phap qui sir dung lau dai cho nhirng van d~ lien
quan ta i DNN yen bien Hai Phong.
Co sa phan dinh ranh gioi phia ngoai duoc dua theo qui dinh cua Cong u6c quoc te v~ Dat
ngap mroc nghia la den d¢ sau 6m so voi mire trieu thap nhat.
Nhu vay, pham vi cua DNN yen bien Hai Phong thee chieu ngang duoc trai rong hau het tir
de quoc gia den d¢ sau 6m va con di sau vao trong cac song cho toi gioi han d¢ muoi trung binh
1%0; theo chieu d9C duoc keo dai tir song Da Bach (B~c Thuy Nguyen) den cira song Thai Binh
(Tien Lang, Vinh Bao) ktS ca yen dao Cat Ba, bao gom cac khu vue dong muoi, nuoi trong thuy
san, cac vung cira song, cac bai trieu lay, vung rirng ngap man, cac ran san ho, cac tham co bien,
tung ang, viing vinh, ... SI! ph an be cua DNN yen bitSn Hai Phong diroc thtShien theo 3 vung sinh
thai va theo 12 quan, huyen, thi xa (bang 3, bang 4).
Dua vao cac co sa phan dinh va gioi han tren day, ban do phan be DNN yen bien Hili
Phong diroc thanh lap voi 29 kieu loai va tinh toan dien tich cua tung kieu loai (hinh 1). Ranh
gioi ngoai duoc lay theo duong dang sau 6m. Ranh gioi trong duoc phan dinh theo kinh tuyen tir
106°35'20" den 107°06'50" va vi tuyen tir 20°34'40" den 21°01'28".

132


nor NGH~ KHOA HQC D~A LY -NMLKJIHGFEDCBA
m A CHINH, HA N(n - 2006ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
3 .2 . P h d n

b { / th e o c a c v u n g s in h th a i

DNN Hai Phong phan b6 thee 3 khu vue sinh thai khac nhau: khu vue cira song hinh pheu,

khu vue cira song chau th6 va khu VI!C vinh dao (bang 3).
B a n g ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
3 . P h d n b { y 'c a e I O { I i d e ft n g d p n u a c ta i c d c k h u v u e s in h

6

NhOm
I

II

III

IV

Khac

Ciia song hlnh
pheu Bach DAng

Cac loai dat ngap m rc c
1. B1iilay co, lau say
2. Rung ngap man
3. Dat phil thuc vat khac
4. B1iitrieu bun
5. Bai trieu cat
6. Bai trieu bun cat
7. B1iicat bi~n
8. De cat ven b b
9. Doi cat

1 0 . Bo da g6c
11. Cira song
12. Vinh, tung ang, h6 mroc man
13. V u n g bien sau duoi 6m
14. Kenh, lach trieu
15. Ran san ho
16. Tham co bien
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.

C h u g id i: - :

nu«

hodc

khong

x
x
x
x

-

x
x

xxx
-

-

xx
xxx

xx
x

-

-

x xx
-

xxx
xx
xx
xx
x

-

-

x

xxx
xx

xxx
x
x
x

x
x
b ie n ;

Khu vue vinh
d llO Cat Bfl

x
xx
x
xxx
x
xx
xx
x
x
xx

-

g d p ; x : it p h 6

3 .3 . P h tin b { / th e o c a c d o n v i h a n b

Ci'ra song chau the')
tay nam Do Son

xx
xxx
x
xxx
x
x
xx
xx
xx

Dam nuoi
Dong mu6i
Dat rnoi khai hoang
Vung moi xay dung co so ha tang
Dao nho

th a i

xx
x
-

x
xxx

-

x x : P h 6 b ie n ; x x x : R d t p h 6

b ie n .

c h in h

Theo don vi hanh chinh (khong k~ huyen dao Bach Long V y va quan dao Long Chau) ,
DNN ven bi~n Hai Phong gom 12 quan, huyen, thi xli duoc thong ke va th~ hien tren bang 4.
Bang

4 . P h d n b o ' c d c IO {Ii d d t n g d p
qudn,

IT

n u a c th e o

c a c d o n v i h a n n c h in li

h u y e n , th i x d ( x l p th e o t h u t u c h ii c a i)

Quan, huyen, thi xii

Dien tich

Dien tieh
(ha)

(% )

1

Huyen An DUong

473.9

0.73

2

Huven An Lao

184.4

0.28

3

Huyen Cat Hai

21393.6

32.93

4

Thi x1iDo

9714.8

14.95

5

Quan Hai An

14778.6

6

Ouan Hong Bang

48.8

0.08

7

Quan Kien An

154.1

0.24

8

Huven Kien Thuy

7582.5

11.65

9

Ouan

100.8

0.15

10

Huyen Thuy Nguyen

3180.8

4.90

11

Huven Tien Lang

7222.4

11.12

12

Huven V-mh Bao

142.8

0.22

64968.6

1 0 0 .0 0

&10

r.e Chan

T c fn ~ c o n g :

133

-

22.75


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...,

A
\

+

-

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+

+

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Hinh

1 . ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
B a n NMLKJIHGFEDCBA
d o p h d n b { y 'D N N v e n b ie 'n H a i P h o n g BA

K et Juan

DNN ven bien Hai Phong duoc phan b6 tir de qu6c gia den d¢ sau 6m va con di sau VaG
trong cac song cho tci gioi han d¢ mu6i trung binh 1%0.No gorn 4 nhom cap Ivai cac dac diem
chung Ion nhat la co phu hay khong phu thuc vat, ngap mroc thirong xuyen hay do con ngiroi tao
ra; 15 loai cap II voi cac dac diem rieng cua tham thuc vat, hoan canh ngap trieu cua d a t ngap
n u c c , ... va 29 loai cap III dua theo cac dac diem day - thira cua tham thuc vat, cau tao tram tich
cua DNN, ...
Theo dac diem sinh thai vung, DNN ven bien Hai Phong phan b6 a 3 khu vue sinh thai
khac nhau: khu vue cira song hlnh pheu, khu vue cira song chau th6 va khu vue vinh dao; Theo
don vi hanh chinh, DNN ven bien Hai Phong khong k~ huyen dao Bach Long V y va quan dao
Long CMu, phan b6 a 12 quan, huyen, thi xa vci t6ng dien tich 64968,6 ha, bang khoang 42,8%

trong t6ng s6 151.919 ha dat nr nhien cua Hai Phong. Trong s6 do co khoang 27 nghln ha DNN
ngap trieu va khoang 38 nghln ha DNN diroi trieu.
'A

?

T A l L I~ U T H A M

KHAO

1.

B¢ Khoa hoc, Cong nghe va Moi tnrong, SIDA/lUCN, 2/1996,
v¢ v a q u d n Iy d d : n g ( lp n u a c , Ky yeu hoi thao, Ha Noi,

2.

Cowardine L. M., Carter V., Golet F. C. and Laroe E. T., 1979,
and

D eep

W a te r

H a b ita ts

of The

U n ite d ,

C h ie n

lu a c

Q uae

C la s s ific a tio n

g ia

vi B do

o f W e tla n d

U. S. Fish and Wildlife Serviy{ Pub. FWS/OBS -

79/31, Washington.

134


HOI NGH~ KHOA HOC D~

LY - DlA CHINH,

HA

NOI - 2006

3_ Cue Bao ve M6i tnrong Vi~t Nam, 2005,ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA

T 6 n g q u a n NMLKJIHGFEDCBA
h ie n tr a n g d e ft n g d p n u a c
n d m th u c h ie n C o n g U C IC R a m s a r , Ha NQi, 72 trang.

V i¢ t N a m s a u 1 5

4.

NguyenZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
a m H6i va nnk, 1996, C h le n lu a c b d o v ¢

5.

TrAn Van Di9n, Dinh Van Huy va nnk, 2003, Bao cao chuyen d6 va bao cao t6ng hop d6 tai:
s~ d u n g C O ' s o d ii lie u G I S v a k e l h a p v iin th d m p h u c v ~ q u i h o a c li m o i tr u a n g b e n
v iin g c a c tln h \v e n b ie n H d i P h o n g - Q u a n g N in h " , LUll tnr tai Vien Tai nguyen va M6i
tnrong Bi~n.

d ti't n g d p n u a c v e n b ie n v a b itn n o n g V i¢ t N a m .

" T h ie l ld p ,

6.

Dinh Van Huy, 1996, D d c tr u n g h in h th a i - d ¢ n g
TS. Khoa h9C Dia ly - Dia chat Ha NQi, tr. 1 - 125.

7.

Dinh Van Huy, 2002,

lu c k h u b a h ie n

B d o c a o th u y e t m in h b a n d o p h d n

boddt

dai H di Phong,

Luan an

b o i n g d p n u a c v e n b itn H d i

P h o n g p h u c v u q u i h o a c h p h d t tr ie n la m n g h ie p th a n h p h o H d i P h o n g , LUll

trff tai Vien Tai

nguyen va M6i tnrong bien.
8.

Nguyen Chi Thanh va nnk, 2004, D d t
nghiep TP. H6 Chi Minh. 138 trang.

9.

Tran Due Thanh va nnk, 2004, Bao cao t6ng hop d6 tai: " D a n b
d u n g , q u d n ty D N N v e n b ie n H d i P h o n g , d e ' x u d t c d c b ie n p h d p
Vi~n Tai nguyen va M6i tnrong Bi~n.

COASTAL

W ETLAND

n g d p n u a c V i¢ t N a m

RESOURCES

- H ¢ th o n g p h d n lo a i,

NXB Nong

g ia t6 n g q u a n tie m r u in g , s it

s it d u n g h a p 1 ) /', LUll

trft tai

IN H A l P H O N G

Dinh Van Huy, Tran Due Thanh
I n s titu te

o f M a r in e

E n v ir o n m e n t

a n d R e s o u r c e s BA

As the confirmation at articles 1.1 and 2.1 from International Convention on Wetland at
Ramsar, Iran in 1971, the wetlands take a special role and function on environment, ecology, and

have great values of resources. They are compose of values of direct and indirect uses, and
bequeathed values for the future generations.
Haiphong City is one of locals where the coastal wetlands are of large area in Vietnam. In
this study, the coastal wetlands expanse from sea dikes to the depth of 6m, and up river beds they
are limited by the mean salinity of 1%0. The area of Haiphong coastal wetlands, excepted Bach
Long Vy and long Chau Islands, are of 64,969 ha, equal 42.8% natural land of the city. From
that, the intertidal wetlands are of about 27 thousand ha, and subtidal wetlands reached 6m deep
are of 38 thousand ha.
The coastal wetlands in Haiphong consist of 4 group of level I with the general aspects as
vegetable, non vegetable, permanent flood and made man; 15 kinds of level II with the special
features of vegetable, flooded situation by tide etc; and 29 kinds of level III with the features of
vegetable density and sediments etc.
The coastal wetlands in Haiphong are used in many economical sectors such as
aquaculture, agriculture, salt making, mineral exploitation, tourism, building infrastructure,
harbor, and natural exploitation etc. The increase of economical development and population in
the coastal area has threatened to decrease and degenerate the coastal wetland resources with the
accumulatively bad consequences. For this reason, the study and monitoring the coastal wetl~!!gs
in Vietnam, particularly in Haiphong are urgent demand for the purpose of protection, wise and
high output use of them.
135