dictionary u,v (FILEminimizer) tử điển anh việt chuyên ngành công nghệ ô tô

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
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Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
Uu

U-bolt n. metal bar in the shape of a
U, threaded at both ends and often
with a bridging piece to close the
circle; used to secure leaf springs,
exhaust pipes, ring bolts, shackles,
etc: Bu-lông hình chữ U (dùng
kẹp nhíp, pô)
U-cylinder engine n. = TWIN-
PISTON ENGINE
UDC = UPPER DEAD CENTRE
UJ or U-joint = UNIVERSAL JOINT
ultrasonic welding n. a high-tech
welding procedure used for metals
(e. g. in wire bonding of
integrated circuits) and plastics:
Kỹ thuật hàn siêu âm (dùng để
dán dây trên vi mạch)
unburnt hydrocarbons n. pollutant
(basically petrol vapour) released
into the atmosphere as an exhaust
gas, due to incomplete
combustion: Hydrocacbon còn
sót (chưa cháy) trong khí thải
UNC thread n. Unified National
Coarse thread; one of the screw
threads used on British cars:

Đường ren thô theo tiêu chuẩn
quốc gia Anh
underbody n. the underside of a car:
Gầm xe
 underbody coating or
underbody protection = coating
of the underbody of a vehicle,
usually with organic coating
materials (plastic, wax, bitumen-
based products), to protect it from
mechanical damage and
corrosion: Lớp phủ chống va đập
và ăn mòn gầm xe
 underbody structure = the
structural members and flat panels
of the body-work on the chassis
level: Cấu trúc khung gầm
(NOTE: may also be called sub-
structure)
 underbonnet area n. the
engine compartment: Vùng capô
chứa động cơ xe
 undercarriage n. =
UNDERBODY STRUCTURE
undercoat n. (a) any preliminary
coat of paint applied prior to the
top coat (b) US = UNIVERSAL:
Lớp sơn lót trước lớp sơn ngoài
undercut n. recess either cut or
moulded into the underside of an

object so as to leave a lip or
protuberance at the top: Vành
 underfloor n. the underside of
a car: Gầm xe
 underfloor mid-engine = new
design, introduced on the Toyota
Previa minivan, where the engine
is located below the passenger
compartment, between front and
rear: Động cơ đặt giữa xe
 underframe n. general term
referring to the underbody
backbone of a car, both for unitary
or chassis designs: Khung xe
 underhead collar n. washer
fitted under the head of a bolt or
screw: Vòng đệm dưới đầu bu-
lông hoặc đinh vít
U
-
bolt

unde
rhead collar

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
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Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
 underinflated tyre n. tyre
which has too little air in it,

causing increased wear at the
tread edge: Bánh xe non hơi (làm
mòn gai nhanh)
(NOTE: opposite is overinflated
tyre)
 underpowered a. of a car
whose engine provides less power
than is necessary for acceptable
performance; especially
noticeable when accelerating,
overtaking or going uphill: Xe
chạy không đủ công suất, lì máy
 underseal 1 n. rustproof
coating with sound-deadening
properties applied to the
underbody: Lớp sơn lót gầm xe
(NOTE: US English is undercoat)
2 v. to apply underseal: Phủ lớp
sơn lót cho gầm xe
 under seat panel n. = SEAT
WELL
undershield n. body accessory panel
made from tough, oil-resistant
plastic for fitting on cars that do
not have a standard wheel house
panel: Tấm che phía dưới gầm
underside n. the lower side of the
underbody, i. e. the surfaces that
the road surface: Mặt bên dưới
xe (gầm xe)

 underslung a. suspended below
a supporting member, e. g. of a
chassis suspended below the
axles: Khung được treo thấp hơn
cầu
 underslung frame = frame
design of the pre-war era whose
characteristic feature is that the
frame members run below the
axles: Khung xe dưới trục
 undersquare engine n. =
LONG STROKE ENGINE: Động
cơ có hành trình piston dài
 understeer 1 v. (of a vehicle)
to turn less sharply than the driver
intends: Quay vòng thiếu
2 n. action of understeering: Sự
quay vòng thiếu
(NOTE: opposite is oversteer)
 undertray n. the bottom panel
of multi-layer or complex
underbody panel assemblies,
which faces the road surface: sàn
dưới xe
 undertread n. = BREAKER
unequal-length wishbone suspension
or (informal) unequal wishbones
n. double wishbone suspension
system in which the upper
wishbone is shorter than the lower

one, with both converging slightly
at the wheel hub; reduces tyre
wear due to variations in track and
camber angle when cornering: Hệ
thống treo hai đòn có chiều dài
không bằng nhau
UNF thread n. Unified National Fine
thread; one of the screw threads
used on British cars: Đường ren
mòn theo tiêu chuẩn quốc gia
Anh
Unibody (construction) n. =
UNITARY CONSTRUCTION:
Cấu trúc khung nguyên khối
unidirectional (flow) scavenging or
uniflow scavenging n.
scavenging process of two-stroke
engines: Hệ thống quét khí một
chiều (động cơ 2 kỳ)
underinflated tyre

unidirectional (flow) scavenging

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Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
Unified National Coarse thread see
UNC THREAD
Unified National Fine thread see
UNF THREAD

uniform corrosion n. corrosion
occurring over the entire exposed
surface: Sự ăn mòn toàn bộ bề
mặt
(NOTE: opposite is localized
corrosion)
union nut n. nut used to secure the
connection between pipes or rods:
Đai ốc nối ống dẫn, thanh, cần
(Răcco)
unitary construction n. modern
chassis layout with no separate
frame, using the sheet metal parts
of the vehicle body or floorpan as
structural members which also
carry all suspension parts;
introduced by Citroen in 1934, by
GM/Opel Olympia in 1935: Cấu
trúc khung nguyên khối
(NOTE: also called monocoque)
unit engine n. a term used for
motorcycles where engine and
gearbox are accommodated in one
common housing: Cụm động cơ
gồm động cơ và hộp số trên xe
gắn máy.
universal joint (UJ) n. (a) a form of
coupling between two rotating
shafts allowing freedom of
movement in all directions;

general term for a family of
universal joint designs: Khớp nối
các đăng
(b) (tool) accessory which allows
a socket to be turned through an
angle: Dụng cụ có khớp nối vạn
năng
 universally jointed shaft n. =
CARDAN SHAFT
 universal sparking plug socket
n. sparking plug socket with
universal joint for reaching hard-
to-get-at sparking plugs: Tuýp mở
bougie đa dụng
unleaded petrol n. petrol to which no
lead has been added: Xăng không
pha chì
unloader valve n. = DELIVERY
VALVE
unsprung mass or weight n. the
weight of those parts of the car
which are not carried by the
suspension system, but are
supported directly by the tyre and
wheel assembly and considered to
move with it: Khối lượng không
được treo (khối lượng của các
chi tiết nối với bánh xe)
(NOTE: opposite is sprung mass /
weight)

updraught carburettor n. carburettor
in which the air / fuel mixture is
drawn in from below; a rather
unusual type: Bộ chế hòa khí đảo
ngược (có miệng hút gió và các
bộ phận phụ thuộc để luồng gió
đi từ dưới lên trên và chạy
thẳng qua ống góp nạp)
(NOTE: opposite is downdraught
carburettor)
upper dead centre (UDC) n. = TOP
DEAD CENTRE: Điểm chết trên
up-stroke n. the ascending stroke of
a piston, from BDC to TDC: Hành
trình pít-tông đi lên
urban driving n. driving in
towns, in built-up areas: Chạy xe
vùng thành phố
Unified National Coarse thread


up
-
stroke

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
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Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
(NOTE: US English is metro
driving)

urban (test) cycle n. driving cycle
that simulates driving in a town:
Chu kỳ kiểm tra xe chạy trong
thành phố
U section n. a sheet metal section
often used on underbody structural
members; it differs from a box
section in that the fourth wall of
the box is missing, i. e. its cross
section more or less resembles the
letter U: Tiết diện dạng chữ U
ute (informal) (Australia) =
UTILITY TRUCK: Loại xe tải
nhỏ, không mui, thành thấp (cho
các nhà xây dựng, nông dân
dùng)
utility (truck) n. = PICK-UP
UV absorber or stabilizer n. any
substance that absorbs ultraviolet
radiation, then dissipates the
energy in a harmless form; used in
plastics and rubbers to decrease
light sensitivity: Thiết bò giảm tia
cực tím

urban (test) cycle


UV absorber

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
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Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
Vv

V (a) V see V-ENGINE: Động cơ chữ
V
(b) (short for) valve: Sú páp
(c) (short for) volt: Đơn vò đo hiệu
điện thế
(d) letter on the sidewall of a tyre
denoting the maximum speed for
which it is designed (over 210
km/h or over 130 mph): Ký tự
trên lốp xe chỉ tốc độ tối đa 210
km/h
V-4, V-6, V-8, V-10, V-12 = V-
FOUR, V-SIX, V-EIGHT, V-TEN,
V-TWELVE ENGINE: Động cơ
V-4, V-6, V-8, V-10, V-12
vacuum n. in carburation terms,
pressure below the atmospheric
pressure: Chân không, áp thấp
 vacuum advance (mechanism
or unit) n. vacuum control unit
for advancing the spark: Sự đánh
lửa sớm chân không
(NOTE: opposite is vacuum
retard unit).
 vacuum brake booster n.

device directly connected to the
master cylinder and mounted on
the engine side of the bulkhead,
which uses engine manifold
vacuum to produce additional
braking force: Bộ trợ lực phanh
chân không
(NOTE: also called master vac or
vacuum servo).
 vacuum capsule or chamber n.
(ignition timing) pneumatic
actuator that converts air pressure
differences into a regulating short-
stroke movement; the circular, flat
capsule has a spring-loaded
diaphragm with a lever attached:
Buồng (dù) áp thấp trong delco
 vacuum control n. load-
dependant mechanical ignition
timing, controlled by the inlet
manifold vacuum: Điều khiển
thời điểm đánh lửa bằng chân
không
 vacuum control switch =
switch that monitors the vacuum
signal enabling the ECU to
recognize open or closed throttle
(idle) operation: Công tắc báo
chân không (để ECU biết cánh
bướm ga đóng hay mở)

 vacuum control unit =
assembly for load-dependent
ignition timing controlled by the
inlet manifold vacuum, consisting
of a vacuum capsule with a spring-
loaded diaphragm linked to the
breaker plate: Bộ phận điều
khiển đánh lửa sớm chân không
trong delco
 vacuum filter n. filter which
removes electrical noise from the
vacuum signal sent from the
vacuum sensor to the ECU: Bộ lọc
nhiễu tín hiệu từ cảm biến chân
không (MAP)
 vacuum gauge n. instrument for
measuring engine depression:
Dụng cụ đo áp thấp đường ống
nạp
 vacuum hose n. pipe which
connects the inlet manifold to the
V

vacuum hose

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
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Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
vacuum brake booster: Ống chân
không (nối từ ống góp hút đến

bầu trợ lực phanh)
 vacuum ignition-timing
control n. = VACUUM
CONTROL: Điều khiển thời
điểm đánh lửa bằng chân không
vacuum modulated EGR n. exhaust
gas recirculation in which the
amount of exhaust gas admitted to
the inlet manifold depends on a
vacuum signal controlled by
throttle position: Hệ thống tuần
hoàn khí thải được điều chỉnh
bằng chân không
vacuum reducer valve (VRV) n.
valve used to limit the amount of
vacuum governing the ignition
advance mechanism of the
distributor; on some ignition
systems, a VRV is used to reduce
inlet manifold vacuum when the
coolant temperature is above 104
o
C, in order to prevent detonation:
Van giảm áp thấp (để không
tăng góc đánh lửa sớm khi nhiệt
độ nước > 104
o
C nhằm chống
kích nổ)
 vacuum retard (unit) n.

vacuum control unit for retarding
the spark: Bộ điều khiển đánh
lửa trễ bằng chân không
(NOTE: opposite is vacuum
advance unit)
 vacuum sensor n. sensor which
detects changes in manifold
pressure; such changes indicate
the need for an adjustment in A/F
mixture and electronic spark
timing to maintain efficient engine
operation: Cảm biến chân không
(Còn gọi là MAP sensor)
 vacuum servo n. = VACUUM
BRAKE BOOSTER: Bộ trợ lực
phanh (thắng) chân không
 vacuum solenoid n. on some
engines, a vacuum solenoid
controlled by an electrical sensor
switch is used to control the EGR
valve: Sôlênôit chân không
 vacuum suction cup n. hand
tool for pulling out shallow body
dents and for lifting flat, heavy
objects such as wind-screens or
sheet metal: Dụng cụ hút chân
không dạng hình chén để nâng
kính hoặc tấm kim loại
 vacuum timing control n. =
VACUUM CONTROL

 vacuum unit n. = VACUUM
CONTROL UNIT
valence n. = ALANCE: Hóa trò (hóa
học)
valet parking n. the parking of one's
car by a parking attendant: sự đỗ
xe nhờ người phục vụ trong bãi
đỗ xe
 valet switch = on some alarm
systems, a switch to override the
alarm system for valet parking,
car washes, etc.: công tắc cho
phép hệ thống báo động ngừng
tạm thời để đậu xe, rửa xe…
valve n. (a) any device that starts,
stops, regulates or controls the
flow of a fluid, gas, etc: Van
(b) (in cylinder head) valve which
opens the respective ports during
the induction and exhaust strokes
and seals the compression
vacuum ignition
-
timing control

valve

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
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Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô

chamber during the compression
and expansion strokes: Sú páp
(c) = TYRE VALVE
 valve adjusting screw n. screw
at the end of a rocker which bears
on a pushrod; used to tilt the
rocker and thus adjust the valve
clearance: ốc chỉnh sú páp
 valve aperture n. = VALVE
HOLE
 valve block n. = CONTROL
VALVE ASSEMBLY: Cụm van
trong hệ thống thuỷ lực
 valve body n. part of the valve
assembly containing plungers,
pistons, springs, etc.: Thân van
 valve body housing = housing
which incorporates the bores in
which the valve spools slide and
the canals which channel the oil
flow: Vỏ thân van (mạch dầu
hộp số)
 valve body separator plate =
plate sandwiched between two
gaskets which separates the upper
and lower parts of the valve body:
tấm ngăn thân van
 valve bounce n. bouncing of a
valve on its seat due to the valve
spring resonating at very high

engine speeds: Sự nảy sú páp ở
tốc độ động cơ cao
 valve bushing n. = VALVE
GUIDE: Ống lót (kềm) sú páp
 valve cap n. screw-on cap for a
tyre valve to prevent the entry of
dirt and dust: Nắp chụp van lốp
xe
 valve clearance n. the
operating clearance between the
rocker arm and the valve stem tip
in an overhead valve engine: Khe
hở nhiệt của sú páp
 valve clearance depression =
recess in the piston crown: Chỗ
lõm trên đỉnh piston
 valve cover n. US = ROCKER
COVER
 valve crown n. = VALVE
HEAD: Đầu sú páp
 valve cut-out n. on some four-
valve engines at low speed the
main rocker arms open only two
valves per combustion chamber in
order to keep the energy of the
gases at high level; with
increasing rpm, the energy of the
gases becomes sufficiently strong
for the remaining two valves to be
opened via hydraulic locking

bolts: Hệ thống ngắt bớt 2 sú
páp ở tốc độ thấp trong động cơ
có 4 sú páp trên 1 xylanh
 valve diameter n. inlet valves
can be distinguished by their
larger diameter: Đường kính đầu
sú páp
 valve float n. = VALVE
BOUNCE
 valve gear n. mechanism that
operates the inlet and exhaust
valves; includes the cams,
pushrods, rocker arms, etc. but not
the valves themselves: Cơ cấu
đóng mở sú páp
valve grinder or valve grinding tool
n. special automotive tool
consisting of a wooden haft and
rubber suction cup(s) for hand
grinding valves: Dụng cụ mài sú
páp
valve adjusting screw

valve grinder

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
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Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
 valve grinding compound = an
abrasive compound used for

refacing valve seats: Bột nhám
mài sú páp và đế sú páp (cát
xoáy)
valve guide n. replaceable tubular
sleeve through which the stem of
a valve passes; designed to keep
the valve in proper alignment and
to absorb the lateral forces on the
valve stems as well as dissipating
the heat of the valve stem to the
surrounding cylinder head: Ống
kềm sú páp
 valve guide driver = tool for
installing valve guides: Dụng cụ
lắp ống kềm sú páp
 valve guide remover = drift
punch for driving out valve
guides: Dụng cụ tháo ống kềm
sú páp
 valve guide seal = VALVE
STEM SEAL: Phốt sú páp
valve head n. the disc at the end of the
valve stem which performs the
sealing operation in a poppet
valve: Đầu sú páp
valve hole n. the hole in the rim of a
wheel for mounting tubeless tyres:
Lỗ van trên vành bánh xe
valve keeper n. fastener for the valve
stem in the upper valve retainer,

e. g. a collet: Đai ốc giữ sú páp
(móng ngựa)
 valve lapper n. special
automotive tool for grinding
(lapping) valves into valve seats;
some types are power-operated,
thus allowing faster grinding
compared with standard suction-
type valve grinding tools: Dụng
cụ để quay sú páp khi xoáy
 valve lapping compound=
VALVE GRINDING
COMPOUND
 valve lash n. = VALVE
CLEARANCE
 valve lift n. the distance a
valve is lifted from its seat by a
cam, usually about a quarter of the
diameter of the port: Khoảng đội
sú páp
 valve lifter n. (a) any tool that
compresses valve springs for
removal and replacement: Dụng
cụ nén lò xo sú páp
(b) US = TAPPET: Con đội sú
páp
valve overlap n. short period between
the opening of the inlet valve and
the closing of the exhaust valve,
when both valves are open: góc

trùng điệp (cả hai sú páp nạp và
thoát trong xy lanh cùng mở)
valve plate n. = VALVE BODY
SEPARATOR PLATE
 valve port n. the inlet or
exhaust port of a four-stroke spark
ignition engine: Cửa hút hoặc
cửa thoát trên nắp máy
 valve principle n. the original
method of ABS control using an
electrically operated valve to
control the air pressure: phương
pháp điều khiển phanh ABS
dùng điện – khí nén
 valve rotator n. = ROTOR
CAP
valve seat n. that part of a valve, or
the part of the cylinder head
against which it seats, which
valve grinding compound

v
alve seat

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
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Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
contacts the matching part: Đế, bệ
sú páp
 valve seat cutter = special

automotive tool with cutting
blades for use with power tools;
used to cut worn valve seats with
30 or 45 angles: Dụng cụ cắt bệ
sú páp
 valve seat face = annular part
of a valve head located at the
valve seat of the cylinder head:
Mặt bệ sú páp
 valve seat insert or ring =
ringshaped insert of a harder
metal than that of the cylinder
head; the use of valve seat inserts
dispenses with the need for lead
in the fuel to act as a lubricant
between the valve head and seat:
Vòng ghép (dùng kim loại cứng
hơn) của đế sú páp
valve shim n. calibrated shim used to
adjust valve clearance on OHV
engines with bucket tappet
assembly; for adjustment, a
calibrated valve shim is placed or
removed from between tappet and
cam: Miếng chêm để chỉnh sú
páp
 valve shim pliers = special
automotive tool for removal and
installation of valve shims: Cái
kìm lắp miếng chêm sú páp

 valve slot n. tube-type tyres
require a valve slot instead of a
valve hole to allow the tyre valve
to be removed from the rim; a
thread adaptor is moulded to a
circular rubber patch vulcanized to
the inner tube; the valve stem
casing is then screwed into the
tube adaptor: Rãnh van lốp xe
 valve spool n. (in automatic
transmission) sliding cylindrical
internal part of a valve with one or
more sections of reduced
diameter: đầu van dẫn hướng
dầu
 valve spring n. a coil spring
used to close the valves and to
keep the exhaust valve closed
during the induction stroke, thus
acting against the vacuum created
in the cylinder: Lò xo sú páp
 valve spring cap or collar =
retaining cap (of inlet /outlet
valves) which secures the valve
keeper on the valve stem: miếng
giữ lò xo sú páp
 valve spring compressor =
special automotive tool used to
compress valve springs for
removal and replacement; the

most common type is a C-shaped
clamp: Dụng cụ ép lò xo sú páp
 valve spring depressor =
lever-type tool used to depress
valve springs, e. g. for removal
and installation of valve stem
seals: Dụng cụ nhả lò xo sú páp
 valve spring lifter = pliers-type
tool with two expanding jaws,
used to lift and compress valve
springs for removal and
replacement: Kìm tháo lắp lò xo
sú páp
 valve spring retainer =
VALVE SPRING CAP
 valve spring seat = seat
retaining the bottom of the valve
spring: Đế giữ lò xo sú páp
valve seat cutter

valve spring seat

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
392
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
(opposite to the valve spring cap)
 valve stem n. narrow
cylindrical rod which supports the
valve head and moves up and
down in the valve guide: Thân sú

páp
 valve stem seal = oil seal
between the valve and the
cylinder head which prevents
excessive oil leakage from the top
of the cylinder head into the
combustion chamber: Phốt sú páp
 valve stem seal installer =
sleeve-type tool used to push
down valve stem seals for
installation: dụng cụ lắp phốt sú
páp
 valve stem seal pliers = special
pliers for removing valve stem
seals on overhead camshaft
engines: kìm lắp phốt sú páp
 valve timing n. the valve timing
of four-stroke engines state at
what crankshaft position with
respect to the dead centres of the
pistons the inlet and exhaust
valves open and close: Sự cân
cam
 valve train n. the entire
mechanism from camshaft to
valve that is involved with the
operation of a valve; the valve
and its valve gear: Toàn bộ cơ
cấu điều khiển đóng mở các sú
páp

van n. (a) a covered road vehicle for
carrying goods (b) a recreational
vehicle based on the body of a
commercial van, usually with
comfortable, plush interior trim,
often with a bed: Xe tải (chuyên
chở hành lý hoặc người)
vane n. a blade or plate on a wheel
or hub, especially the stator blade
in a turbine: Cánh đặt trên bánh
hoặc trục
 vane-in-rotor pump n. =
SLIDING-VANE PUMP
 vane-in-stator pump =
EXTERNAL VANE PUMP
 vane pump n. type of rotary
pump with either a slotted rotor
and sliding vanes or a rotor with
hinged vanes; typically used for
air pumps in secondary air
injection systems, as a compressor
in air conditioning systems, and in
some transmission systems: Bơm
cánh quạt
 vane switch n. = HALL
VANE SWITCH
 vane wheel impeller n.
impeller with straight radial
vanes: Bánh công tác có cánh
thẳng

vanity mirror n. mirror on the inside
of a sun visor: Gương trang điểm
ở mặt trong tấm che nắng
 vanity plate n. = PERSON-
AL(IZED) NUMBERPLATE
vaporize v. to turn into vapour: Làm
cho bốc hơi
vapour n. the gaseous form of a
liquid (usually caused by heating):
Hơi (do nung nóng chất lỏng)
 vapour canister = ACTIVAT-
ED CARBON CANISTER: Bầu
hút hơi xăng bằng than hoạt tính
 vapour degreasing = type of
cleaning procedure to remove
grease, oil, and loosely attached
valve stem

vapour degreasing

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
393
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
solids from metals; a solvent such
as trichloroethylene is boiled, and
its vapours are condensed on the
metal surfaces: Tẩy dơ bẩn bằng
chất dễ bay hơi
 vapour deposition = production
of a surface film of metal on a

heated surface, usually in a
vacuum, either by decomposition
of the vapour of a compound at
the work surface, or by direct
reaction between the work surface
and the vapour: Mạ chân không
 vapour lock = blockage in a
pipe caused by a bubble of gas,
especially that in an overheated
fuel line leading to the
carburettor: Nghẽn ống vì bọt hơi
variable belt transmission n.
continuously variable transmission
using rubber V-belts on
expanding-contracting pulleys,
depending on engine speed and
load; originally developed by va
Doorne for DAF and then used on
the Volvo 340: Hộp số tự động
vô cấp theo tốc độ và tải động
cơ bằng cách thay đổi đường
kính puli đai dẫn động
 variable-choke carburettor
n.= VARIABLE-VENTURI CAR-
BURETTOR: Bộ chế hòa khí có
họng khuếch tán thay đổi
 variable dwell n. = DWELL-
ANGLE CONTROL: Kiểm soát
góc ngậm
 variable limited-slip axle/

centre differential n. limited-
slip axle/ centre differential with
an electronically operated
multiple-disc clutch as a slip-
inhibiting device: Bộ vi sai trung
tâm với ly hợp đa đóa điều khiển
bằng điện tử
 variable rate springs n.
springs which become stiffer
under compression; variable rate
gas springs are a feature of air
suspension systems: Lò xo khí có
độ cứng thay đổi (hệ thống treo)
 variable ratio steering n.
steering ratio characteristics in
power steering systems providing
different ratios for small and large
steering angles: Hệ thống lái có
tỷ số truyền thay đổi
 variable valve timing n.
advancing and retarding valve
timing to increase efficiency by
precisely controlling the amount
of valve overlap: Thay đổi góc
phân phối khí để tăng hiệu suất
động cơ
 variable-venturi carburettor
or VV carburettor n. the
characteristic feature of this
carburettor is the vacuum-

operated piston which adjusts the
cross-sectional area of the venturi
and moves a jet needle in and out
of a needle jet; typical designs are
the SU and Stromberg
carburettors: Bộ chế hòa khí có
họng khuếch tán thay đổi
Variomatic transmission n. =
VARIABLE BELT TRANS-
MISSION: Hộp số vô cấp qua đai
truyền động
varnish n. (a) a hard, glossy
transparent coating: Véc-ni
(b) a product of oil oxidation
which is deposited on pistons and
vapour deposition

varnish
PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
394
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
piston rings at high temperatures:
Lớp nhớt cháy bám trên piston
và séc măng
V-belt n. drive belt with a V-shaped
cross section, for transmission of
low to moderate forces; typically
used to drive generators, water
pumps, air pumps, air conditioner
compressor units and power

steering pumps: Dây đai chữ V
 V-belt drive = type of friction
drive in which forces are
transmitted from belt to pulley or
vice versa by friction: Truyền
động qua đai dạng chữ
VVBRA = VEHICLE BUILDERS
AND REPAIRERS ASSOCIA-
TION: Hội những người chế tạo
và sửa chữa xe
VC = VISCOUS COUPLING
VECI = VEHICLE EMISSION
CONTROL INFORMATION
Vee-belt n. = V-BELT: Dây đai
dạng chữ V
 Vee-eight = V-EIGHT: Động
cơ V-8
 Vee-engine = V-ENGINE:
Động cơ dạng chữ V
 Vee-four = V-FOUR: Động cơ
V-4
 Vee-six = V-SIX: Động cơ V-6
 Vee-ten = V-TEN: Động cơ V-
10
 Vee-thread = V-THREAD:
Ren tam giác
 Vee-twelve = V-TWELVE:
Động cơ V-12
vehicle n. any form of transportation
but especially one with wheels:

Xe cộ
 Vehicle Builders and
Repairers association (VBRA) n.
British trade association: Hội
những người chế tạo và sửa
chữa xe
 Vehicle Emission Control
Information (VECI) n. a label in
the engine compartment, e. g.
pasted to the radiator fan cover,
providing information about the
engine and emission controls:
Nhãn chứng nhận đã kiểm tra
khí thải xe
vehicle identification number (VIN)
n. chassis type and identification
number punched on a permanent
structure, such as the engine
compartment bulkhead: Số khung
vehicle registration document n.
document which specifies the
registered keeper(s) of a vehicle:
Thẻ đăng bộ xe
 vehicle tax n. = ROAD TAX:
Thuế cầu đường
V-eight engine (V-8) n. an engine
with eight cylinders in the from of
a V; the type of engine typically
used on US automobiles of the
1950s and '60s was a large

displacement V-8: Động cơ 8 xi
lanh chữ V
V-engine n. engine in which two
banks of cylinders are set at an
angle to each other (usually 60 or
90 ) so that the axes form the
letter V with the crankshaft in the
middle: Động cơ chữ V
vent 1 n. (a) small opening for the
passage of air or gas: Lỗ thông
(b) US small triangular window
for letting air into the passenger
V
-
belt


vent

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
395
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
compartment: Cửa sổ thông khí
(nhỏ, hình tam giác)
2 v. to expel through a vent; e.g
when bleeding air (through a vent
valve or bleed screw) out of a
diesel fuel system after running
out of fuel: Xả gió
ventilate v. to provide with (fresh)

air: Làm cho thông hơi, thông
gió
 ventilated discs = two discs in a
disc brake system separated by
ribs and channels to allow cooling
air to disperse the heat between
the discs: Đóa làm mát phanh
 ventilation n. provision of a
free or controlled circulation of
air: Sự thông gió
 vent(ilation) slot = gaps in the
wheel disc which allow the
passage of air to assist brake
cooling: Rãnh thông gió làm mát
phanh
 ventiport n. = PORT HOLE
 vent port n. =
COMPENSATING PORT
venturi (tube) n. a short tube with a
constricted passage that increases
the velocity and lowers the
pressure of a fluid conveyed
through it: Ống khuếch tán
 venturi vacuum = vacuum in
the venturi of a carburettor which
increases with the speed of the
airflow passing through it; an
exception are VV carburettors:
Chân không trong ống khuếch
tán

vernier (caliper or gauge) n. a short
graduated scale that slides along a
longer graduated instrument and is
used to indicate fractional parts of
divisions, as in a micrometer:
Vecnê (thước chia thang phụ
kèm với thang chính), thước kẹp
veteran car n. a car constructed
before 1919, especially one made
before 1905: Xe hơi chế tạo
trước năm 1919
(NOTE: only the latter are permitted
to take part in the London-Brighton
Commemoration Run)
V-four engine (V-4) n. an engine with
four cylinders in the form of a V:
Động cơ 4 xy lanh dạng chữ V
VGC (in advertisements, short for)
very good condition: Tình trạng
rất tốt (xe)
VI = VISCOSITY INDEX: Chỉ số độ
nhớt
vibration damper n. = TORSIONAL
VIBRATION DAMPER: Bộ giảm
dao động xoắn
Vicat softening temperature n. the
temperature at which a flat-ended
needle of 1mm² circular cross
section will penetrate a
thermoplastic specimen to a depth

of 1mm under a specified load,
using a selected uniform rate of
temperature rise: Nhiệt độ hóa
mềm Vicat
 Vicat test method =
determination of the softening
temperature of plastics: Phương
pháp xác đònh nhiệt độ hoá mềm
Vicat
vice or US vise n. clamping device
with adjustable jaws (usually
mounted on a workbench) used to
grip an object to be worked on:
Mỏ cặp, êtô.
ventilate

vice

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
396
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
 vice grips = LOCKING
CLAMPS
VIN = VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER
vintage car n. a car constructed in the
period 1919 - 1930: Xe cổ điển
(1919 - 1930)
virgin resin n. new resin material
which has not been recycled

before; needed for high-quality
parts: Nhựa nguyên chất (không
phải tái sinh)
(NOTE: opposite is regrind)
visco-control unit n. = VISCOUS
COUPLING
 visco-differential n.=
VISCOUS COUPLING
DIFFERENTIAL
viscoelastic materials n. the most
characteristic features of
viscoelastic materials are that they
exhibit a time-dependent strain
response to a constant stress
(creep) and a time-dependent
stress response to a constant strain
(relaxation). In addition, when the
applied stress is removed the
materials have the ability to
recover slowly over a period of
time: Vật liệu dẻo, đàn hồi
viscosity n. resistance to flow: Tính
nhớt, độ nhớt
viscosity index (VI) n. measure of
how the viscosity of a liquid
(especially oil) changes with
temperature: the higher the VI,
the smaller the change of viscosity
with temperature: Chỉ số độ nhớt
 viscosity index improver = oil

additive which reduces thinning at
high temperature, thus improving
the VI: Chất phụ gia thêm vào
để cải thiện chỉ số độ nhớt.
 viscous a. thick and sticky:
Sền sệt
 viscous coupling (VC) = a type
of multi-disc clutch used in some
4wd vehicles; the discs rotate in a
special fluid whose viscosity
increases sharply whenever there
is a difference in input and output
shaft speeds; installed in the drive
train between front and rear axles,
the VC smoothly engages rear-
wheel traction whenever the front
wheels (and, as a result, the
propeller shaft to the VC) rotate
faster than rear wheels: Khớp nối
nhớt
 viscous coupling differential =
limited-slip differential using
viscous couplings as slip-inhibiting
devices: Bộ vi sai có khớp nối
nhớt
 viscous transmission (VT) =
four-wheel drive with a viscous
centre differential: Truyền động
qua khớp nhớt
vise n. US = VICE

visor n. = SUN VISOR
voice alert (system) n. system in a
car which announces warning
messages to the driver, e. g.
'Warning! Oil pressure too low':
Hệ thống báo bằng giọng nói
 voice recognition n. the ability
of a computer to recognize a
command spoken by the user;
enables a driver to use a car
phone without using his hands: Sự
nhận dạng giọng nói
vice grips

voice recognition

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
397
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
volatility n. (e. g. of fuels) the ability
readily to change into a vapour:
Tính dễ bay hơi
Volkswagen (VW) n. German car
manufacturer: Hãng sản xuất xe
của Đức
voltage n. electromotive force, or
difference in electrical potential,
expressed in volts: Hiệu điện thế
 voltage regulator = electric or
electronic device which regulates

the voltage output from a dynamo
or alternator which is affected by
engine speed, the power required
by the circuits and the state of the
battery: Bộ điều chỉnh điện thế
(bộ tiết chế)
 voltage reserve = HIGH
VOLTAGE RESERVE
 voltage tester = screwdriver
for testing electrical current, with
an insulated blade and handle; a
bulb inside the handle lights up if
the blade touches a live terminal:
Tuốc nơ vít thử điện
 voltage transformer =
assembly for increasing the
voltage supplied to the air bag
system to 12 volts in case of a
drop in battery voltage: Máy biến
thế (sử dụng để cung cấp 12V
cho hệ thống điều khiển gối hơi
trong trường hợp hỏng ắc quy
 voltammeter n. dual-purpose
instrument for measuring either
voltage or amperage: Đồng hồ đo
điện áp và cường độ dòng điện
 voltmeter n. instrument for
measuring voltage: Vôn kế
volume n. cubic capacity: Thể tích
 volume car n. mass-produced

car: xe sản xuất đại trà
 volume control screw n.
adjusting screw which controls the
amount of air/ fuel mixture
supplied by the idling circuit of a
fixed-jet carburettor: Vít chỉnh ga
volumetric efficiency n. (a) the ratio
of air or air /fuel mixture drawn
into the cylinder of an internal
combustion of the piston: Hiệu
suất nạp
(b) number of horsepower (hp) per
cubic inch displacement: Công
suất riêng
volute a. having the form of a spiral:
Xoắn ốc
 volute casing = a progressively
expanding pump casing
proportioned to reduce the liquid
velocity gradually so that some of
the velocity energy of the liquid is
converted into static pressure: Vỏ
bơm hình xoắn ốc
V-pulley n. pulley with a pair of
adjustable cup-shaped discs, used
on belt transmissions, to permit
adjustment of the effective pulley
diameter and transmission ratio:
Puli chữ V
VR engine n. new engine design: a

combination of in-line and V-
engine, the V-angle being reduced
(VR) to about 15; this results in a
block which is shorter than a four-
cylinder unit of similar capacity.
Unlike conventional V-8 engines,
the VR engine is topped by a
single cylinder head: Động cơ
mới hình chữ VR
volatility


VR engine

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
398
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
VRV = VACUUM REDUCER
VALVE
V-six engine (V-6) n. an engine with
six cylinders in the form of a V:
Động cơ 6 xy lanh dạng chữ V
VT = VISCOUS TRANSMISSION:
truyền động qua khớp nhớt
V-ten engine (V-10) n. an engine
with ten cylinders in the form of a
V: Động cơ 10 xy lanh dạng chữ
V
V-thread n. triangular screw thread:
Ren tam giác

V-twelve engine (V-12) n. an engine
with twelve cylinders in the form
of a V: Động cơ 12 xy lanh dạng
chữ V
vulcanization n. chemical reaction
which charges the physical
properties of elastomers: Sự lưu
hóa (cao su)
 vulcanize v. (of tyre production)
to treat rubber with sulphur or
sulphur compounds under heat and
pressure to improve elasticity and
strength: Lưu hóa
VV carburettor n. = VARIABLE -
VENTURI CARBURETTOR: Bộ
chế hòa khí có họng khuếch tán
thay đổi
VW = VOLKSWAGEN: Hãng sản
xuất ô tô của Đức



VRV

VW