từ đển tiếng anh - việt chuyên ngành công nghệ ô tô

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
115
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
Ee

E = ECONOMY (GEAR): tiết kiệm
(số)
EAC valve n. electronic air control
valve: Van điều khiển tốc độ cầm
chừng bằng điện tử
ear n. projection in the shape an ear,
usually as a lug, but also as a
spoiler behind the rear windows
to improve stability in side winds:
tấm chắn gió (kính sau)
early fuel evaporation (EEF) system
n. system that heats the inlet
manifold to provide a warm
air/fuel mixture, reducing
condensation and improving fuel
evaporation, thus improving cold
engine operation and reducing
exhaust emissions: Hệ thống làm
bốc hơi nhiên liệu.
earth 1 n. return part of an electrical
system, which in a motor vehicle is
provided by the metal body and
chassis: Âm, mass.
2 v. to connect a circuit or a
component to a chassis or body
part, either directly or by means of

a wire: Nối mass
(NOTE: US English for this is
ground)
 earth connection = wire or
other metal strip for connecting a
component to the vehicle chassis
or body: Vật (dây) nối mass
 earth electrode = side
electrode of a sparking plug: Điện
cực bìa (bougie).
(NOTE: opposite is centre
electrode)
 earth return = return part of an
electrical circuit, provided by an
earth connection: phần dây nối
mass của mạch điện.
 earth strap = piece of braided
wire for earthing the battery, with
a clip for attachment to the
appropriate battery terminal at one
and a terminal for connecting to
the chassis or body at the other:
Dây nối mass cho ăc quy
easing fluid n. = penetrating oil: Dầu
thấm (tan gỉ)
east–west layout n. transverse
positioning of the engine across the
car, found in many front-wheel
drive designs: Sự bố trí (động cơ)
nằm ngang.

(NOTE: also called transverse
engine; opposite is north-south
layout)
ESA valve n. valve in an emission
control system governing the air
flow from the air pump in
connection with the EAC valve:
van dẫn khí đến van EAC
eat (away) v. to corrode and remove
the metal from: Ăn mòn.
ebonite n. hard black rubber
compound especially one
containing no filler: nhựa ebonit.
eccentric 1 a. amounted off-centre:
Lệch tâm, sai tâm.
2 n. part transmitting an eccentric
drive, such as a disc with a
E

eccentric
PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
116
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
provision for a drive from its outer
part, or an eccentric shaft: Sự lệch
tâm.
 eccentric drive = drive from a
point not on the axis of the driving
shaft, e.g. from the outer part of a
disc, so that a reciprocating or up

and down motion is transmitted;
used in pumps or for a camshaft
drive: Sự truyền động lệch tâm.
 eccentric rotor pump = rotor -
type pump: Bơm quay lệch tâm.
 eccentric shaft = shaft
transmitting an eccentric motion:
Trục truyền lệch tâm.
ECE test cycle n. 13 minute, three-
part test of automotive emission
for compliance with emission
standards, adopted by most
European countries, simulating
urban driving conditions, i.e.
involving relatively long idling
periods and speed below 35 mph,
emission characteristics at cruising
speed not being considered: chu
trình kiểm tra khí thải châu Âu
echelon parking n. parking with the
nose of the car lose to the kern and
at an angle to it: Sự đậu xe theo
hình bậc thang.
ECI (short of) electrically controlled
injection: Hệ thống phun nhiên
liệu điều khiển bằng điện.
 ECM = ELECTRONIC
CONTROL MODULE: Bộ điều
khiển điện tử.
ecological damage n. damage to the

environment, usually in the from of
pollution, such as that caused by
vehicle emissions: Sự phá hủy
môi trường sinh thái (khí thải)
 ecological harmful a. damage
in to the environment: Có hại đến
môi trường sinh thái.
economical n. using only a small
amount of fuel: tiết kiệm nhiên
liệu.
 most cars are more
economical on long runs = most
cars give better mileage per gallon
when driven long distances: Đa số
xe hơi ít hao xăng khi chạy đường
trường.
 economizer n. device for
making a vehicle use less fuel,
either by regulating the flow of
fuel, or by admitting extra air to
the air/fuel mixture (especially
when cruising): Bộ phận tiết
kiệm xăng.
 economy n. (especially low)
consumption of fuel, usually
measured in miles per gallon: Tính
kinh tế nhiên liệu (tính bằng
miles/gallon)
 turned for economy = turned to
use less fuel: chỉnh để bớt hao

xăng
 good/ bad fuel economy = low/
high fuel consumption: Tính kinh
tế nhiên liệu cao (hay thấp).
 economy device =
ECONOMIZER
 economy jet = addition jet in a
carburetor admitting extra air to
the air/fuel mixture (especially
when cruising): Gíc lơ phụ
ECS (short for) electrically controlled
suspension: Hệ thống treo điều
khiển bằng điện.
ECT (short for) 1. engine coolant
temperature: Nhiệt độ nước làm
eccentric drive

ECS

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
117
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
mát động cơ. 2. = electronic
controlled transmission: hộp số tự
động điều khiển bằng điện tử
ECU = ELECTRONIC CONTROL
UNIT: Bộ điều khiển điện tử,
ECU, hộp đen
edge binding n. tape for binding the
edges of carpets: Cạnh viền

(thảm)
 edge protection n. protection
of edges against corrosion, e.g. by
weather strips: Chống ăn mòn
cho các gờ, mối nối
Edwardian car n. (gb) car built
between 1905 and 1918: Loại xe
từ 1905 – 1918.
EEC = electronic engine control:
Điều khiển động cơ bằng điện tử.
EFE system n. = early fuel
evaporation system: Hệ thống
bốc hơi nhiên liệu sớm.
effective a. (a) actual rather than
theoretical or potential: Có hiệu
quả, hiệu dụng.
 effective deflection =
deflection of a suspension
system under a particular load:
Độ võng của hệ thống treo
khi có tải
 effective stroke = working or
power stroke in a two- stroke
engine: Thì sinh công.
efficiency n. performance of a
mechanical device or system,
especially with regard to the
amount of energy used: Hiệu suất.
braking efficiency = braking effort as
a percentage of the weight of the

vehicle: Hiệu suất phanh.
EFI or EFi = electronic fuel
injection: Hệ thống phun xăng
điện tử.
EGR = EXHAUST GAS
RECIRCULATION: Sự luân hồi
khí thải.
EGR valve = part of an EGR system
mounted on or near the inlet
manifold and controlled by inlet
manifold vacuum, which is usually
closed at idle and low speeds, but
opens during acceleration,
admitting exhaust gas to the inlet
manifold: Van hồi lưu khí thải.
eight n. eighth-cylinder engine, or a
car fitted with one, the cylinder
may be in-line (a straight eight ) or
in a v-layout (a v-8): Động cơ 8
xylanh.
EIN = engine identification number:
số sơri động cơ (số máy)
eject v. to put or throw out: Ném ra,
đẩy ra, đưa ra
eject button = button on a cassette
player for taking out the cassette:
Nút lấy băng cassete ra.
elasticity n. ability to recover original
size and shape when deforming,
especially stretching, forces are

released: Tính đàn hồi, tính co
giãn.
elastomer n. elastic macromolecular
material that at room temperature
returns rapidly approximately its
initial dimensions and shape after
substantial deformation by awake
stress and release of the stress:
Chất đàn hồi.
elbow n. bend in a pipe: Khuỷu, chỗ
gấp khúc trên ống.
ECU

elbow
PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
118
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
electric a. operated by or derived
from electricity: Bằng điện, có
điện.
electric air control valve = EAC
valve
electric air switching valve = EAS
valve
electrical a. relating to electricity:
Thuộc về điện.
electrical conductivity = ability of a
material to conduct electricity:
Tính dẫn điện.
(NOTE: opposite is resistivity )

electrical screwdriver = usually
small screwdriver for use when
working on the electrical system,
with a thin blade and an insulated
handle, also sometimes an
insulated shank: Vít thử điện.
electrical system = combination of all
wiring circuits and electrical units
and equipment on a vehicle, with
the exception of those in the
ignition system: Hệ thống điện.
electric car n. car whose motive
power is provided by an electric
motor, with the advantages of
silence and lack of pollution, and
the disadvantages of the weight of
the batteries and the need for
recharging after a relatively short
distance: Xe điện.
electric charge n. defined quantity of
electricity, which may be positive,
as with protons, or negative, as
with electrons: Điện tích
electric current n. flow of electricity
passing through a conductor: Dòng
điện.
electric fuel pump n. electrically
power petrol or diesel pump,
drawing fuel from the bank and
delivering it to the carburetor or

fuel injection system: Bơm nhiên
liệu bằng điện.
electric grid n. = electrical system:
Hệ thống điện.
electric mirror = external, usually
door mirror which can be adjust
from inside the car: Gương chiếu
hậu chỉnh điện.
electric motor n. machine which
changes electrical energy into
usually rotational motion: Motơ
điện.
electric top n. us = power hood: Mui
(nắp capô) điều khiển bằng điện.
electric windows n. windows which
are raised and lowered by electric
motors, and operated by switches
on the centre console or on the
door: Hệ thống kính cửa điều
khiển bằng điện.
(NOTE: us english is power
windows)
electromechanical corrosion n.
corrosion involving at least one
electrode reaction: Sự ăn mòn cơ
điện
electro coating n. = electrophoretic
painting: Sơn điện.
electrode n. conductor which leads
current into a gas, liquid or

vacuum, such as those in a
sparking plug between which the
spark passes to ignite the mixture:
Điện cực.
electrode adjusting tool = tool used
to bend side electrodes on sparking
plugs for gap adjustment, usually
combined with gauges for
electric

electrode adjusting tool

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
119
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
checking the gap: Dụng cụ điều
chỉnh khe hở bougie.
electrode gap = sparking plug gap:
Khe hở bougie.
electrode position n. generic term
for electrolytic processes which a
metal is deposited at the cathode
from a solution of its ions, such as
electroplating, or in which paint is
deposited in an immersion process
by mean of electric current: Sự
phủ lớp bằng điện (sơn)
electrogalvanizing n. coating of
metal, especially iron or steel, with
zinc by electroplating: Mạ điện.

electrolysis n. method by which
chemical reactions are carried out
by passage of electric current
through a solution of an electrolyte
or through a molten salt, e.g. in a
starter battery: Phương pháp điện
phân.
electrolyte n. substance which can
dissolve to yield a solution, or a
solution itself able to conduct
electric current, especially in an
electric cell or battery: Chất điện
phân.
electrolyte level = amount of
electrolyte in a car battery, which
must cover the top of the plates:
Mức chất điện phân (ắc quy)
electrolyte tester = device for
checking electrolyte density in a
battery, and hence its state of
charge: Phù kế.
electrolytic a. relating to electrolysis
or an electrolyte: Điện phân.
electrolytic cell = cell consisting of
electrodes immersed in an
electrolyte solution for carrying out
electrolysis: Hộc, ngăn bình (đòên
phân)
electrolytic-corrosion = electro-
chemical corrosion causing the

electrolytic removal of metal: Sự
ăn mòn điện hóa.
electrolytic deposition =
electroplating: Kỹ thuật mạ điện.
electrolytic galvanizing =
electrogalvanizing: Mạ điện
electrolytic protection = cathodic
protection: Sự bảo vệ catốt.
electromagnetic clutch n. any clutch
in with magnetic force is used to
hold the drive in engagement, such
as that in the compressor drive of
an air-conditioning system: Ly hợp
điện từ (điều hòa)
electromotive force (EMF) n. source
of electrical energy required to
produce an electric current,
produced by devices such as
batteries or generators and
measured in volts: Sức điện động.
electron n. negatively charged
constituent of an atom: Điện tử
(electron).
electron flow = current produced by
the motion of free electrons
towards a positive terminal, whose
direction is the opposite to that of
the current: Dòng hạt điện tử.
electronic a. featuring semiconductors
(usually transistors) as an

operating medium: Điện tử.
electronically controlled a. controlled
by electronic means: Được điều
khiển bằng điện tử
electronic cluster n. display showing
various functions, including
speedometer, tachometer, gauges,
electrode gap

ele
ctronic cluster
PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
120
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
etc. using LEDs or LCD
technology displaying symbols and
bar instead of numbers: Tableau
điện tử (hiện số)
(NOTE: opposite is analogue
cluster)
electronic control unit (ECU) n.
microprocessor and memory with
electronic maps, forming the
central part of an engine
management system or of
subsystems such as a fuel injection
or ignition system: Cụm điều
khiển điện tử, hộp ECU, hộp đen
(NOTE: also called electronic
(control ) module (ECM))

electronic engine control (EEC) n.
engine management system which
control the ignition system and
various other systems, including
the exhaust gas recirculation and
air –injection systems: Điều
khiển động cơ bằng điện tử.
electronic fuel injection (EFI or EFi)
n. system that injects fuel into the
engine and includes an electronic
control unit to time and meter the
flow: Hệ thống phun nhiên liệu
bằng điện tử.
electronic ignition system n. term
used to designate breakerless
transistorized ignitions,
transistorized ignitions with
electronic spark timing, and
sometimes mapped ignition
systems: Hệ thống đánh lửa điện
tử.
electronic navigator n.= trip
computer: Máy tính hành trình
(báo tiêu hao nhiên liệu, lượng
xăng còn, số km đã đi…)
electronic ride control n. suspension
control system comprising
microprocessor controlled,
electronically adjustable air shock
absorbers for automatic selection

of the optimum damping
characteristics depending on and
road surface and load conditions:
Hệ thống giảm chấn tự động.
electronic spark advance (ESA) n.
the part of an ECU that controls
ignition timing and dwell angle:
Điều khiển góc đánh lửa và góc
ngậm bằng điện tử.
electronic spark control (ESC) or
electronic spark timing (EST) n.
ignition timing by means of an
ignition map, either integrated into
mapped ignition systems or
available as a separate module to
enhance transistorized ignition
systems: Điều khiển đánh lửa
sớm bằng điện tử
electronic traction control (ETC) n.
system for reducing wheel spin,
incorporating wheel sensors: Điều
khiển lực kéo (chống trượt) bằng
điện tử.
electronic transmission control n.
system or module for controlling
automatic transmission: Hộp số tự
động điều khiển bằng điện tử.
electropainting n. = electrophoretic
painting: Sơn điện.
electrophoretic painting n. process

used to apply the first coat of paint
(primer) to car body: Sơn điện
(cho lớp sơn đầu tiên).
electrophoretic primer = paint used
to prime car body by the
electronic control unit

electrophoretic primer

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
121
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
electrophoretic process: Lớp sơn
đầu tiên trên thân xe.
electro picker n. electrical door lock
picker (available to key services
and the police only): Đồ nạy khóa
cửa điện (khi mất khóa)
electroplate v. to plate (metal ) by
electrodeposition: Mạ điện.
electroplating n. electrodeposition of
metals or alloys from suitable
electrolyte solutions, the articles to
be plated being connected to the
cathode in an electrolyte solution,
and direct current introduced
through the anode of the metal to
be deposited: Kỹ thuật mạ điện.
electrostatic painting or spraying n.
painting method using the particle

attracting properly of electrostatic
charges, in which a direct current
of approx. 100,000 volts is applies
to a grid of wires through which
the paint is sprayed to charge
each particle, and the metals
objects to be sprayed are
connected to the opposite terminal
of the high-voltage circuit, so as to
attract the paint particles: Sơn tónh
điện
electrostatic powder coating (EPC)
= painting process in which the
outer parts of the body shell are
coated with a powder dispersion by
means of cathodic immersion, and
in which the cavities are coated
with cathodic electropaint: Lớp
sơn tónh điện
electrovalve n. = solenoid valve: Van
điện.
element n. assembly of all positive
and negative plates of a single
battery cell including its
separators, arranged so as to start
and finish with a negative plate (so
that there are always negative then
positive plates ), because the
positive plates tend to distort under
discharge: c quy đơn.

ellipsoidal headlight n. headlight
with a reflector which is wider than
it is high, and not circular, has
replaced the parabolic reflector:
Đèn đầu dạng ellipsoid.
embrittlement n. reduced toughness
in plastic or metal caused by age,
heat or rough use: Sự giòn cuả
nhựa hoặc kim loại trong vận
hành.
emergency n. sudden, unexpected
occurrence, such as a breakdown
or the failure of some part, which
may be dangerous and demands
immediate action: Tình trạng
khẩn cấp (do hư hỏng)
emergency brake = secondary
braking system which comes to
operation when the main braking
system fails: Phanh phụ.
emergency inflator = aerosol can
which inflates a punctured tyre
and injects sealing compound to
provide at least a temporary
repair: Bình xòt vá vỏ tạm thời.
emergency transmitter = transmitter
no large than a car radio, fitted
inside the vehicle which enables
drivers to radio for help from the
security of their own cars: Máy

phát tín hiệu báo trộm.
emergency windscreen = sheet of
clear plastic fitted in place of
electro picker

emergency windscreen

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
122
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
broken windscreen: Tấm dán
kính vỡ
emery cloth n. cloth coated in emery
crystals for use as an abrasive on
metals: Vải nhám.
EMF = electromotive force
emission n. passing toxic substances
into the atmosphere: Phát xạ ô
nhiễm từ khí xả
emissions = gases and other pollutants
coming from the vehicle with an
internal combustion engine: Sự
thải ra chất ô nhiễm từ xe.
emission control n. (a) reduction of all
types of emission from motor
vehicles: Kiểm soát khí thải.
(b) emission control (system ) =
any system, device or modification
added onto or designed into a
motor vehicle for the purpose of

reducing air-polluting emissions,
such as catalytic converter: Hệ
thống kiểm soat khí xả.
emission levels n. amount of toxic
substances passed into the
atmosphere by motor vehicles:
Lượng khí độc vào không khí.
emission standards n. specified
maximum emission levels
permitted from different classes of
motor vehicle in different
countries: Tiêu chuẩn khí thải.
the stringent US emission standards
= the low emission levels
permitted in the United States,
especially in California: Tiêu
chuẩn khí thải nghiêm khắc của
Mỹ.
EMS = emission management system:
Hệ thống kiểm soát khí thải.
emulsion n. mixture of two liquids
which do not fully mix, such as oil
and water, or specifically petrol
and air in a carburetor: Nhũ tương
(nước vào nhớt, không khí và
xăng)
emulsion tube = part of a fixed jet
carburetor, in which air is
introduced into the mixture through
holes to help atomize it and correct

excessive richness at higher
engine speeds: Ống nhũ hóa (chế
hoà khí) (nơi không khí đi qua lỗ
trộn)
enamel n. high-gloss paint that is
slower drying and therefore easier
to apply than cellulose, and will
cause cellulose applied over it to
lift: Sơn bóng trên gỗ.
end cap n. cap covering the end of a
piece of trim or of a fuse: Đầu
chụp (cầu chì loại cũ)
end cover (plate ) n. cover containing
a bearing at either end of a
dynamo or alternator: Tấm chắn ổ
bi trong máy phát.
end cutters or end cutting pliers n.
small pincers with sharp jaws for
cutting and stripping wires, etc.:
Kìm cắt và tuốt dây.
end float n. = end play
endoscope n. instrument used to see
into the interior of hollow cavities
such as box sections: Đèn nội soi.
end play n. bearing clearance in an
axial direction: Khe hở dọc bạc
lót.
check the big end bearing for end
play = check if there is any
sideways movement in the big

emery cloth

end play

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
123
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
end: Kiểm tra khe hở dọc bạc lót
đầu to thanh truyền.
endurance test n. test of a material or
system over a long period: Thử độ
bền
energize v. to activate (a solenoid,
relay, etc.) by providing sufficient
energy: Bắt đầu làm việc nhờ cấp
năng lượng
energy n. capacity for doing work,
measured in joules or in the case
of electrical energy, in kilo-watt
hours: Năng lượng.
energy absorbing a. able to absorb
force of impact: Hấp thu năng
lượng.
energy absorbing steering column =
safety design of steering column
which telescopes on impact: Trụ
tay lái hấp thu năng lượng khi
đụng xe (xếp lại)
energy conversion n. changing of one
form of energy into another or into

work, such as that in the
combustion process, the heat of
which is used toturn the engine and
thus create motion: Sự chuyển hóa
năng lượng.
engage v. (a) to come into contact and
be locked together (with another
part): Làm ăn khớp.
the clutch engages smoothly = the
driving and driven plates of the
clutch come together and take up
the drive without judder: Ly hợp
ăn khớp một cách êm ái.
(b) to bring ( a part) into contact
with another so that it is locked to
it: Gài khớp.
to engage a lower gear = to select a
lower ratio by moving the gear
lever: Gài số thấp hơn.
engagement n. bringing into locking
contact (e.g. of the clutch ), or
selection of a gear: Sự ăn khớp.
engine n. energy-converting
propelling unit of a motor vehicle,
usually internal combustion engine
of the reciprocating-piston type,
either with spark ignition (petrol
engines) or compression ignition
(diesel engines): Động cơ.
engine analyzer n. electronic engine-

test-device, formerly free-standing
in a cabinet, and now often hand-
held and connected to the vehicle
‘s diagnostic socket (as in the case
of the diagnostic read-out box ),
which provides data on all aspect
of the engine’s state of tune: Máy
phân tích (chẩn đoán) động cơ.
engine bay n. = engine compartment:
Ngăn, khoang động cơ.
engine block n. cylinder block with
integral crankcase: Khối động cơ,
khối xylanh.
engine block heater = cylinder block
heater: Bộ phận nung khối
xylanh (khởi động lạnh)
engine brake or braking effect n.
retarding effect of an engine when
the vehicle is in gear with the
throttle closed, i.e. on the overrun,
which is increased by changing to
a lower gear: Hiện tượng động cơ
chạy chậm lại khi còn số mà
bướm ga đóng (phanh động cơ)
engine capacity n. swept volume of
an engine: Dung tích động cơ.
endurance test

engine capacity

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
124
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
engine compartment n. area into
which the engine is fitted: Khoang
động cơ.
engine coolant n. liquid used in the
engine’s cooling system: Nước
làm mát động cơ.
engine cover n. panel of metal or
plastic covering the engine of a
rear-engine car: Nắp chụp động
cơ (đặt sau)
(NOTE: the terms bonnet in British
usage and hood in American usage
are only used for the cover a front-
mounted engine )
engine damage n. breakage,
deformation or scoring of the
internal parts of an engine: Sự hư
hỏng các chi tiết bên trong động
cơ.
overrevving may cause engine
damage = running the engine too
fast may result in, for example,
seizure, a burnt piston or a dropped
valve: Chạy vượt tốc có thể gây
hư động cơ.
engine depression n. low pressure on
the engine side of the throttle

cause by piston suction in the inlet
manifold: Sức hút động cơ (áp
thấp)
engine diagnostic connected n.
electrical connecter for plugging in
the engine analyzer, forming an
interface between the engine
electronic controls and diagnostic
unit, and used to read the engine
data as well as any fault codes
store in the memory of the engine
controller: Giắc nối chẩn đoán
động cơ.
engine hoist n. small crane for lifting
an engine out of a motor vehicle,
formerly incorporating a block and
tackle, but now usually
hydraulically operated: Cần trục
nhỏ nâng động cơ.
engine (identification) number (EIN)
n. number stamped on the engine
and usually also on the vehicle
identification plate, which should
be quoted when ordering parts: Số
máy.
engine knock n. engine operating
condition, accompanied by audible
noise, that occurs when fuel in the
cylinders is ignition too early
and/or spontaneously, resulting in

colliding flame fronts and shock
waves which cause high thermal
and mechanical stress, and can
severely damage the engine: Sự
roóc máy (kích nổ)
engine layout n. (a) type of engine,
with reference to the arrangement
of its cylinders and their number
(as in a flat four, v-twin or straight
eight): Cách phân loại động cơ.
(b) positioning of the engine in the
vehicle (as in front, mid-or rear
engine, a transverse or in-line
engine): Vò trí đặt động cơ.
engine management system (EMS)
n. electronic engine control system
which covers at least the
functioning of the fuel injection
and ignition, but may also include
emission controls and self-
diagnostics: Hệ thống điều khiển
động cơ.
engine compartment

engine management system

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
125
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
engine map n. = characteristic map:

Bản đồ đặc tuyến động cơ (lửa và
xăng) nạp trong EPROM
engine misfire n. misfire: Sự mất lửa.
engine modifications n. alterations to
the specification of the engine to
increase power output, improve
economy, reduce emissions, etc.:
Sự cải tiến động cơ.
engine mounting n. flexible support
for the engine in which an elastic
medium, usually rubber, is
interposed between lugs on the
engine and the frame of the
vehicle: Chân gá động cơ (cao su
chân máy).
engine oil level warning light = light
on the instrument panel which
comes on when the oil in the sump
falls below a certain level: Đèn
báo mực dầu (nhớt) động cơ.
engine overhaul n. dismantling of the
engine and restoration of the
manufacturer’s original tolerance
by replacement of worn parts,
reboring the cylinders, regrinding
the crankshaft, etc.: Sự đại tu
động cơ (máy).
engine parameters n. used in the
context of emission controls for
those engine characteristics

sensitive to engine performance,
such as power/ bhp, general engine
performance and fuel economy:
Các thông số động cơ.
engine performance tester n. =
engine analyzer
engine size n. = engine capacity:
Dung tích động cơ.
engine speed n. number of revolutions
per minute (rpm) at which the
engine is turning: Tốc độ động cơ.
engine speed limiter = device acting
as a governor which cuts the power
when a certain number of rpm is
reached: Bộ giới hạn tốc độ động
cơ.
engine speed sensor = in most cases,
a magnetic pick-up that scans the
flywheel teeth and produces one
output signal per scanned tooth, or
a hall generator in the distributor,
whose signals are passed to the
electronic control unit: Cảm biến
tốc độ động cơ.
engine subframe n. separate frame in
which the engine is mounted:
Khung gá động cơ.
engine temperature sensor n. sensor
used to a monitor the temperature
of the engine: Cảm biến nhiệt độ

động cơ.
(NOTE: not identical with the
coolant temperature sensor)
engine timing n. ignition and valve
timing: Sự điều chỉnh động cơ
(cân lửa và cam).
enrichment n. making the air/fuel
mixture richer, i.e. increase the
fuel content: Sự làm giàu hoà khí.
enrichment device or unit = circuit in
a carburetor providing a richer
mixture, operated by engine
vacuum: Cơ cấu làm giàu hoà
khí.
envelope n. cover enclosing
something entirely, such as the
glass of a lamp bulb: Vỏ bọc.
environment-conscious or
environmentally aware a . aware
engine map

environment
-
conscious

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
126
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
of dangers and threats to the
environment and taking

appropriate action to avoid them:
Quan tâm đến môi trường.
environmentally friendly = harmless
to the environment, or causing as
little harm as possible: Vô hại đến
môi trường.
EPA n. US environment protection
agency, which is responsible for
recommending environmental
legislation and in the automotive
sphere produces test cycles and
estimates fuel economy: Cục bảo
vệ môi trường.
EPC = ELECTROSTATIC POWDER
COATING
EP gear oil n. extreme pressure gear
oil preventing metal-to-metal
contact, used mainly in gearboxes
and final drives units: Dầu bôi
trơn bánh răng.
epicyclical gearbox n. constant-mesh
gearbox with several planetary
gear sets made up of an internally
toothed outer ring gear, several
small intermediate pinions or
planet gears and a large externally
toothed central gear known as a
sun wheel: Hộp số bánh răng
hành tinh.
(NOTE: us english is planetary

transmission)
epoxy resin n. thermosetting resin
based on ethylene oxide or similar
material or derivatives, used in
adhesives, fillers, and primers and
other finishes: nhựa epoxi.
EPS (short for) electronically
controlled power steering: Trợ
lực lái điều khiển bằng điện tử.
equalizer n. (a) = graphic equalizer:
Nút chỉnh tần số âm thanh (cassette)
(b) compensator: Cơ cấu bù.
equal power distribution or split n.
system in four wheel drive
vehicles which ensures that an
equal amount of power is passed to
the front and rear wheels: Sự
phân phối công suất cân bằng
giữa bánh trước và bánh sau
equipment n. devices and systems
fitted to a vehicle which are either
essential or optional, and either
fitted by the manufacturer (original
equipment ): Thiết bò.
equipment package = particular
combination of equipment
provided by the manufacturer:
Nguyên gói thiết bò.
erode v. to remove a surface layer (by
chemical action or by rubbing ):

Ăn mòn, bào mòn
erosion n. removing a surface layer
(by chemical action or wear ): Sự
bào mòn.
ESA = ELECTRONIC SPARK
ADVANCE
ESC = ELECTRONIC SPARK
CONTROL
ESR (short for) electric sunroof: Cửa
mui xe điều khiển bằng điện (cửa
trời)
EST = electronic spark timing: Điều
khiển thời điểm đánh lửa bằng
điện tử.
estate car n. private car which is
essentially a saloon whose roof is
extended to the rear of the car,
which is more or less vertical and
incorporates a tailgate, giving the
increase by lowering the can be
environmentally friendly

estate car

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
127
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
further increased by lowering the
back of the rear seat: Xe vừa chở
khách vừa chở hàng

(NOTE: US english is station
wagon)
ESV = experimental safety vehicle:
Xe thử nghiệm an toàn.
ETA (short for) Estimated Time Of
Arrival: Thời gian đến dự kiến
(máy tính hành trình)
etching n. (a) roughening or
disintegration of the paint surface,
which can occur on small patches
or over a wide area, through attack
from bird droppings, screen washer
fluid, industrial fall out, etc.: Bong
sơn do tác động môi trường
(b) removal of soil or the natural
oxide film from an aluminium
surface, giving a roughened
surface which improves adhesion
of the subsequent paint layer, or
removal the actual metal: Cạo bề
mặt kim loại để sơn bám tốt
ethanol n. ethyl alcohol which is
added to petrol, typically in a
mixture of 10% ethanol and 90%
unleaded petrol: Ethanol (thêm
vào xăng).
ethyl acrylate n. polymer used in
toughening rubber: Hợp chất cao
phân tử để tăng độ cứng cho cao
su.

ethylene –glycol n. thick hygroscopic
liquid which is used as the main
constituent of antifreeze: Thành
phần của chất chống đông (trong
nước làm mát động cơ).
euromix formular n. basis for a
standard test cycle covering both
town driving and driving on the
open road: Chu trình kiểm tra xe
evacuate v. to remove by pushing
out: Tháo, cách ly.
evaporate v. to turn into a vapour:
Làm bay hơi, làm bốc hơi.
evaporation n. conversion of a liquid
into a vapour: Sự bốc hơi.
evaporation control system or
evaporation emission control
(system) (EVAP) = system for
reducing evaporation emissions by
means of a sealed fuel tank,a
vapour-liquid separator, a three-
way valve, an active carbon filter,
and a network of interconnecting
hoses: Hệ thống kiểm soát sự
bốc hơi nhiên liệu (chống ô
nhiễm)
evaporative emissions or losses n.
vapour or fumes not emitted by the
exhaust system, but escaping from
the fuel tank, carburetor and

crankcase, and accounting for
about 40% of hydrocarbon
emissions released by a petrol
engine without emission controls:
Sự bốc hơi của nhiên liệu từ
thùng chứa.
evaporator n. in automotive air-
conditioning systems, a heat
exchanger designed to absorb heat
by evaporation of a refrigerant:
Giàn lạnh, bộ bốc hơi.
(NOTE: opposite is condenser)
EVAP system n. = evaporative
emission control system
EVC = EXHAUST VALVE CLOSES
EVO = EXHAUST VALVE OPENS
EW (short of ) electric windows: Cửa
sổ điện, kính điện
ESV

EW

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
128
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
exchange engine n. overhauled
replacement engine provided in
change for a worn (but unchanged)
engine, plus a charge: Động cơ
được đổi khi đại tu

excitation winding n. = field winding:
Cuộn dây kích từ.
ex-demonstrator n. car formerly used
by a dealer as a demonstrator: Xe
đã qua trưng bày.
executive car n. large, powerful
luxury car considered suitable for a
business executive: Xe cao cấp.
exhaust 1 n. (a) = EXHAUST GAS:
Khí thải, khí xả
(b) = EXHAUST SYSTEM: Hệ
thống thải.
2 v. to push out or discharge
(combustion gases ): Thải ra.
exhaust back pressure n. any
pressure holding back the flow of
the gases in as exhaust system:
p suất ngược của khí thải
exhaust cam (shaft) n. separate
camshaft controlling the opening
and closing of the exhaust valves
used in twin overhead camshaft
engines: Trục cam thải.
(NOTE: opposite is inlet
camshaft)
exhaust chamber n. part of the two-
stroke exhaust system designed to
maintain a specified back pressure:
Buồng thải (động cơ 2 kỳ).
exhaust emission control n. reduction

of harmful pollutants in the gases
emitted from the exhaust system:
Sự kiểm soát khí thải (ô nhiễm)
exhaust emission control system =
general term for any system that
reduces the harmful exhaust
emissions of a motor vehicle,
including one or all of the
following systems, catalytic
converter (with or without oxygen
sensor air/ fuel control), exhaust
gas recirculation, secondary air
injection or induction, and positive
crankcase ventilation: Hệ thống
kiểm soát khí thải.
exhaust emissions n. gases emitted
into the atmosphere through the
exhaust system, or indeed any
opening down-stream of the
exhaust ports of an engine: Sự
phát xạ ô nhiễm do khí thải.
exhaust gas n. gas which is the
product of the combustion process
and which is passed out of the
cylinder through the exhaust valve
or port into the exhaust system:
Khí cháy, khí thải
exhaust gas analyzer = device which
can establish the hydrocarbon,
carbon monoxide or carbon

dioxide content of the exhaust
gases, used fro tuning the engine
or testing to see whether emissions
control standards are met: Thiết bò
phân tích khí thải.
exhaust gas purification (system) =
emission control system for diesel
engines, which may consist of an
exhaust scrubber, a diesel exhaust
filter, and/ or a catalytic converter:
Hệ thống làm sạch khí thải.
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) =
process in which a small portion of
the exhaust gas is mixed with air in
the induction tract, which has the
effect of reducing the nitrogen
oxides then emitted: Hệ thống
exchange engine

exhaust gas recirculation

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
129
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
tuần hoàn khí thải (để giảm
NOx)
exhaust manifold n. first part of the
exhaust system, usually made of
cast iron, and fixed directly to the
cylinder head over the gases and

passes them to the down pipe(s)
connected to its outlet(s): Ống góp
thải.
exhaust note n. sound coming from
the end of the exhaust pipe: Tiếng
nổ ở cuối pô.
exhaust pipe n. any pipe forming part
of the exhaust system: Ống pô.
exhaust pollutants n. = exhausts
emissions: Sự ô nhiễm của khí
thải.
exhaust port n. (a) (in four –stroke
engines) short passage in the
cylinder head from the exhaust
valve opening to the exhaust
manifold (or exhaust pipe on a
typical motorcycle): Cửa thải.
(b) (in two-stroke engines) opening
in the cylinder wall used for
discharge of the spent gases into
the exhaust system: Cửa thải trên
thành xy lanh (động cơ 2 kỳ)
exhaust scrubber n. diesel exhaust
gas purification system which cools
the exhaust and separates nitrogen
oxide and oil vapours from the gas
stream: Thiết bò lọc khí thải
(Diesel)
exhaust side n. side of the engine
where the exhaust valves and

exhaust manifold are situated:
Phía bên thải
exhaust stroke n. in spark ignition and
diesel engines, the upward stroke
of the piston when the energy of
combustion is spent and the piston
moves upward again, the exhaust
valve opens and burned gases are
forced out past the open exhaust
valve: Thì thải.
exhaust system n. system in a four-
wheeled motor vehicle that
collects the exhaust gases and
discharges them into the air,
consisting of the exhaust manifold,
exhaust pipe, silencer, tailpipe,
and rear silencer or resonator: Hệ
thống thải.
exhaust timing n. exhaust control
system developed especially for
two-stroke motorcycle engines in
order to enhance low and mid-
range power: Hệ thống điều
khiển thời điểm thải (2 kỳ)
exhaust treatment n. any measures
taken to reduce the pollutant
concentrations in the exhaust of an
internal combustion engine release
into the atmosphere: Sự xử lý khí
thải.

exhaust turbocharging n. =
turbocharging: Tăng áp bằng khí
thải.
exhaust valve n. valve usually of the
poppet type and smaller than the
inlet valve, in four-stroke ic
engines, operated directly or
indirectly by a camshaft to open
during the exhaust stroke to allow
the combustion gases to escape:
Xúpáp thải.
exhaust valve closes (EVC) = mark
on a valve-timing diagram: Dấu
supap thải đóng
exhaust manifold

exhaust valve closes

PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
130
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
exhaust valve opens (EVO) = mark
on a valve–timing diagram: Dấu
supap thải mở
expander n. device in a drum brake
system (either hydraulic or
mechanical) which forces the
shoes apart into contact with the
drum: Cần đẩy trống phanh.
expander ring or spacer n. part used

in an oil-control ring consisting of
more than one part (e.g. one upper
and one lower rail) to exert a
constant pressure on the ring, in
order to ensure a tight seal towards
the cylinder wall: Vòng ép trong
séc măng dầu
expansion n. increase in volume of a
liquid or a gas: Sự giãn nở.
expansion stroke = power stroke:
Thì giãn nở, kỳ sinh công
expansion tank = overflow container
for gases or liquids subject to
expansion, such as fuels or more
particularly coolant which expanse
when heated, and when cools
returns to the radiator: Bình giãn
nở, bình nước phụ
expansion valve = flow-control valve
located between the condenser and
evaporator in an air-conditioner
and which controls the amount of
refrigerant sprayed into the
evaporator: Van tiết lưu (hệ
thông1 điều hoà không khí)
Experimental Safety Vehicle (ESV)
n. special vehicle built for research
into and testing of safety features:
Xe thí nghiệm độ an toàn.
expioded view n. drawing of a

mechanism or structure which
shows the parts separately but
approximately in the position they
occupy when assembled: Sơ đồ chi
tiết (chi tiết vẽ rời)
expressway n. US multilane road like
a motorway, with full or partial
control of access: siêu xa lộ
extension bar or piece n. part used
with socket spanners inserted
between a socket and drive handle,
which allow access to nuts or bolt
heads in deeply recessed or
otherwise confined areas: Khớp
nối (cần siết)
exterior mirror n. = EXTERNAL
MIRROR: Kính chiếu hậu ngoài
external combustion engine n.
engine (such as a steam engine) in
which fuel is burnt outside the
cylinder or cylinders, power being
generated by the expansion of
another liquid or gas heated by
combustion: Động cơ đốt ngoài.
external diameter n. the external
diameter of a cylinder or tube:
đường kính ngoài.
external micrometer n. micrometer
for measuring external diameters:
pan me đo ngoài

external mirror n. mirror attached to
the outside of the vehicle, typically
on the driver’s or the passenger’s
door: Kính chiếu hậu bên ngoài
xe.
external thread n. thread consisting
of projecting ridges on the outside
of a part such as a bolt or screw
(which fits into the corresponding
internal thread of a nut or similar ):
Ren ngoài (ren đực).
(NOTE: also called male thread )
exhaust valve opens

external thread
PGS. TS. ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG
131
Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô
external vane pump n. pump with
either an elliptic rotating piston or
an eccentrically mounted circular
rotor: Bơm có cánh bên ngoài.
extractor n. special tool for extracting
bearings, bushes and sleeves from
housings and blind holes: Cái cão.
extras n. optional additional items
either fitted by the manufacturer at
the buyer’s request, or fitted later
by the owner, comprising either
accessories such as seat covers or

additional lights or built-in items
such as a heated rear window or
sunroof: Đồ gắn thêm trên xe
eye n. circular opening or hole, such
as that at then the end of a leaf
spring or that formed at the end of
a cable: Các khoen (nhíp hoặc
dây điện)
eyebolt n. bolt with an eye in place of
a head, through which a cable can
be passed, e.g. for lifting purposes:
Bulông có lỗ để móc cáp
eyelet connector n. connector for
electrical connections which is
attached to a wire and has its ring-
shaped end pushed on to a round
post or threaded terminal: Khoen
dây nối (để bắt vào thân xe)
eyelet pliers n. pliers for punching
small holes, with a round stud in
one jaw and a hole in the other:
Kìm bấm lỗ

external vane pump

eyelet pliers